DMG-PEG 2000 

DMG-PEG 2000 is used for the preparation of liposome for siRNA delivery with improved transfection efficiency in vitro. DMG-PEG 2000 is also used for the lipid nanoparticle for an oral plasmid DNA delivery approach in vivo through a facile surface modification to improve the mucus permeability and delivery efficiency of the nanoparticles^[1].

Preparation of Lipid Nanoparticles

Here we provide lipid molar ratios for LNPs in FDA-approved mRNA-1273 (a COVID-19 mRNA vaccine). The molar ratio of lipids in this formulation is SM-102 : DSPC : Cholesterol : DMG-PEG 2000 = 50 : 10 : 38.5 : 1.5^[1], and RNA to lipid weight ratio is 0.05 (wt/wt).

A. Lipid Mixture Preparation

1. Dissolve lipids in ethanol and prepare 10 mg/m stock solutions. The lipid stock solutions can be stored at −20°C for later use.

Note 1: The ionizable lipid is usually a liquid. Due to the viscosity, it should always be weighed rather than relying on the autopipette volume.

Note 2: Cholesterol in solution should be kept warm (>37℃) to maintain fluidity. Transfer the cholesterol solution promptly to avoid cooling.

2. Prepare the lipid mixture solution as described. For each mL of lipid mixture add the following: 572 µL of 10mg/mL SM-102 (HY-134541), 240 µL of 10mg/mL cholesterol (HY-N0322), 127 µL of 10mg/mL DSPC (HY-W040193), and 61 µL of DMG-PEG 2000 (HY-112764). Mix the solutions thoroµghly to achieve a clear solution. This mixture contains 10 mg of total lipid.

Note 3: The choice of lipids and ratios may be changed as desired and this will affect the LNP properties (size, polydispersity, and efficacy) and the amount of mRNA required.

B. mRNA Preparation

1. Prepare a 166.7 µg/mL mRNA solution with 100 mM pH 5 sodium acetate buffer.

Note 4: The lipid:mRNA weight ratio influences the encapsulation efficiency. Other weight ratios may be prepared as alternative formulations and should be adjusted accordingly by user.

C. Mixing

There are three commonly used methods to achieve rapid mixing of the solutions from: the pipette mixing method, the vortex mixing method, and the microfluidic mixing method. All these mixing methods can be used for various applications.

It is important to note that pipette mixing method and vortex mixing method may yield more heterogeneous LNPs with lower encapsulation efficiencies and is prone to variability. Microfluidic devices enable rapid mixing in a highly controllable, reproducible manner that achieves homogeneous LNPs and high encapsulation efficiency. Within these devices, the ethanolic lipid mixture and aqueous solution are rapidly combined in individual streams. LNPs are formed as the two streams mix and are then collected into a single collection tube.

1. Pipette Mixing Method:

1.1. Pipette 3 mL of the mRNA solution and quickly add it into 1 mL of the lipid mixture solution (A 1:3 ratio of ethanolic lipid mixture to aqueous buffer is generally used.) Pipette up and down rapidly for 20–30 seconds.

1.2. Incubate the resulting solution at room temperature for up to 15 minutes.

1.3. After mixing, the LNPs were dialyzed against PBS (pH 7.4) for 2 h, sterile filtered using 0.2 μm filters, and stored at 4°C.

2. Vortex Mixing Method:

1.1. Vortex 3 mL of mRNA solution at a moderate speed on the vortex mixer. Then, Quickly add 1 mL of the lipid mixture solution into the vortexing solution (A 1:3 ratio of ethanolic lipid mixture to aqueous buffer is generally used.). Continue vortexing the resulting dispersion for another 20–30 seconds.

1.2. Incubate the resulting solution at room temperature for up to 15 minutes.

1.3. After mixing, the LNPs were dialyzed against PBS (pH 7.4) for 2 h, sterile filtered using 0.2 μm filters, and stored at 4°C.

3. Microfluidic Mixing Method:

1.1 The 3 mL of mRNA buffer solution and 1 mL of the lipid mixture solution were mixed at a total flow rate of 12  mL/min in a microfluidic device (A 1:3 ratio of ethanolic lipid mixture to aqueous buffer is generally used.).

Note 5: Parameters such as the flow rate ratio and total flow rate can be altered to fine-tune LNPs.

1.2. After mixing, the LNPs were dialyzed against PBS (pH 7.4) for 2 h, sterile filtered using 0.2 μm filters, and stored at 4°C.

Reference

1. Curr Issues Mol Biol. 2022 Oct 19;44(10):5013-5027.

2. Curr Protoc. 2023;3(9):e898.

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

NP-3 (oral administration; 150 μg DNA per mouse; single dose) at 12, 24, and 36 h postadministration, luciferin substrate is intraperitoneally injected to verify its permeability. NP-3 group maintains high luciferase expression in the liver, lung, and intestine areas 12-24 h post-treatment.Additionally, NP-3 exhibits 1.5 times higher signal intensity than that of NP-1 or NP-2 group from 12 to 24 h postoral administration^[2].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

2526.00

(C₂H₄O)nC₃₂H₆₂O₅

160743-62-4

Solid

White to light yellow

CCCCCCCCCCCCCC(OC(COCCOC)COC(CCCCCCCCCCCCC)=O)=O.[n]

Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.

-20°C, sealed storage, away from moisture and light

*In solvent : -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (sealed storage, away from moisture and light)

* Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (sealed storage, away from moisture and light). When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.

* Note: If you choose water as the stock solution, please dilute it to the working solution, then filter and sterilize it with a 0.22 μm filter before use.

• [1]. Tianqi Nie, et al. Surface Coating Approach to Overcome Mucosal Entrapment of DNA Nanoparticles for Oral Gene Delivery of Glucagon-like Peptide 1.ACS Appl Mater Interfaces. 2019 Aug 21;11(33):29593-29603.  [Content Brief]