2. Membrane Transporter/Ion Channel
  3. Potassium Channel
  4. Atpenin A5

Atpenin A5 is a potent and highly specific complex II inhibitor (IC50 ~10 nM), and is an effective mKATP channel agonist and cardioprotective agent.

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Atpenin A5 Chemical Structure

Atpenin A5 Chemical Structure

CAS No. : 119509-24-9

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1 mg USD 310 In-stock
5 mg USD 630 In-stock
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Based on 3 publication(s) in Google Scholar

Atpenin A5 Related Antibodies

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Description

Atpenin A5 is a potent and highly specific complex II inhibitor (IC50 ~10 nM), and is an effective mKATP channel agonist and cardioprotective agent[1].

In Vitro

Atpenin A5 shows the inhibition profile for submitochondrial particles (SMPs), mitochondria, and cardiomyocytes, with IC50 values of 8.3, 9.3, and 8.5 nM, respectively. Atpenin A5 (AA5) is a potent and specific complex II inhibitor. Atpenin A5 (1 nM) also activates the mKATP channel and protects against simulated ischemia-reperfusion (IR) injury in isolated cardiomyocytes[1].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

Atpenin A5 Related Antibodies
In Vivo

Atpenin A5 is a potent inhibitor of succinate dehydrogenase (SDH). Succinate dehydrogenase inhibition by Atpenin A5 promotes cardiomyocyte mitosis and regeneration in the postnatal heart after myocardial infarction (MI). Atpenin A5-injected mice demonstrated myocardial thickness at the infarct zone and a significant reduction in scar size compared with controls[2].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

Animal Model: Neonatal mice[2]
Dosage: 100 μg/kg
Administration: Injected daily
Result: Demonstrated myocardial thickness at the infarct zone and a significant reduction in scar size compared with controls.
Molecular Weight

366.24

Formula

C15H21Cl2NO5
CAS No.
Appearance

Solid

Color

White to off-white

SMILES

O=C1C(C([C@@H](C)C[C@H](C)[C@@H](Cl)CCl)=O)=C(O)C(OC)=C(OC)N1
Shipping

Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.
Storage

-20°C, protect from light, stored under nitrogen

*In solvent : -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (protect from light, stored under nitrogen)

Solvent & Solubility
In Vitro: 

DMSO : 100 mg/mL (273.04 mM; Need ultrasonic; Hygroscopic DMSO has a significant impact on the solubility of product, please use newly opened DMSO)

Preparing
Stock Solutions
Concentration Solvent Mass 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg
1 mM 2.7304 mL 13.6523 mL 27.3045 mL
5 mM 0.5461 mL 2.7304 mL 5.4609 mL
View the Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

* Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (protect from light, stored under nitrogen). When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.

  • Molarity Calculator

  • Dilution Calculator

Mass (g) = Concentration (mol/L) × Volume (L) × Molecular Weight (g/mol)

Mass
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Concentration
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Volume
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Molecular Weight *

Concentration (start) × Volume (start) = Concentration (final) × Volume (final)

This equation is commonly abbreviated as: C1V1 = C2V2

Concentration (start)

C1

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Volume (start)

V1

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Concentration (final)

C2

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Volume (final)

V2

In Vivo:

Select the appropriate dissolution method based on your experimental animal and administration route.

For the following dissolution methods, please ensure to first prepare a clear stock solution using an In Vitro approach and then sequentially add co-solvents:
To ensure reliable experimental results, the clarified stock solution can be appropriately stored based on storage conditions. As for the working solution for in vivo experiments, it is recommended to prepare freshly and use it on the same day.
The percentages shown for the solvents indicate their volumetric ratio in the final prepared solution. If precipitation or phase separation occurs during preparation, heat and/or sonication can be used to aid dissolution.

  • Protocol 1

    Add each solvent one by one:  10% DMSO    40% PEG300    5% Tween-80    45% Saline

    Solubility: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (6.83 mM); Clear solution

    This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (saturation unknown).

    Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (25.0 mg/mL) to 400 μL PEG300, and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 and mix evenly; then add 450 μL Saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL.

    Preparation of Saline: Dissolve 0.9 g sodium chloride in ddH₂O and dilute to 100 mL to obtain a clear Saline solution.
  • Protocol 2

    Add each solvent one by one:  10% DMSO    90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline)

    Solubility: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (6.83 mM); Clear solution

    This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (saturation unknown).

    Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (25.0 mg/mL) to 900 μL 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline, and mix evenly.

    Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C, storage for one week): 2 g SBE-β-CD powder is dissolved in 10 mL Saline, completely dissolve until clear.
In Vivo Dissolution Calculator
Please enter the basic information of animal experiments:

Dosage

mg/kg

Animal weight
(per animal)

g

Dosing volume
(per animal)

μL

Number of animals

Recommended: Prepare an additional quantity of animals to account for potential losses during experiments.
Please enter your animal formula composition:
%
DMSO +
% 
+
%
Tween-80 +
%
Saline
Recommended: Keep the proportion of DMSO in working solution below 2% if your animal is weak.
The co-solvents required include: DMSO, . All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE). , Tween 80. All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE).
Calculation results:
Working solution concentration: mg/mL
Method for preparing stock solution: mg drug dissolved in μL  DMSO (Stock solution concentration: mg/mL).

*In solvent : -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (protect from light, stored under nitrogen)

The concentration of the stock solution you require exceeds the measured solubility. The following solution is for reference only. If necessary, please contact MedChemExpress (MCE).
Method for preparing in vivo working solution for animal experiments: Take μL DMSO stock solution, add μL . μL , mix evenly, next add μL Tween 80, mix evenly, then add μL Saline.
 If the continuous dosing period exceeds half a month, please choose this protocol carefully.
Please ensure that the stock solution in the first step is dissolved to a clear state, and add co-solvents in sequence. You can use ultrasonic heating (ultrasonic cleaner, recommended frequency 20-40 kHz), vortexing, etc. to assist dissolution.
Purity & Documentation

Purity: 99.94%

COA (248 KB) LCMS (102 KB)

Handling Instructions (2659 KB)
References

Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

* Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (protect from light, stored under nitrogen). When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.

Optional Solvent Concentration Solvent Mass 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg 25 mg
DMSO 1 mM 2.7305 mL 13.6523 mL 27.3045 mL 68.2613 mL
5 mM 0.5461 mL 2.7305 mL 5.4609 mL 13.6523 mL
10 mM 0.2730 mL 1.3652 mL 2.7305 mL 6.8261 mL
15 mM 0.1820 mL 0.9102 mL 1.8203 mL 4.5508 mL
20 mM 0.1365 mL 0.6826 mL 1.3652 mL 3.4131 mL
25 mM 0.1092 mL 0.5461 mL 1.0922 mL 2.7305 mL
30 mM 0.0910 mL 0.4551 mL 0.9102 mL 2.2754 mL
40 mM 0.0683 mL 0.3413 mL 0.6826 mL 1.7065 mL
50 mM 0.0546 mL 0.2730 mL 0.5461 mL 1.3652 mL
60 mM 0.0455 mL 0.2275 mL 0.4551 mL 1.1377 mL
80 mM 0.0341 mL 0.1707 mL 0.3413 mL 0.8533 mL
100 mM 0.0273 mL 0.1365 mL 0.2730 mL 0.6826 mL
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Atpenin A5 Related Classifications

Help & FAQs
  • Do most proteins show cross-species activity?

    Species cross-reactivity must be investigated individually for each product. Many human cytokines will produce a nice response in mouse cell lines, and many mouse proteins will show activity on human cells. Other proteins may have a lower specific activity when used in the opposite species.

Keywords:

Atpenin A5119509-24-9Atpenin A 5Atpenin A-5Potassium ChannelKcsAcomplex IImKATPchannelcardioprotectivepreconditioningischemiareperfusionmitochondrialATPsensitivepotassiumInhibitorinhibitorinhibit

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