2. Epigenetics PI3K/Akt/mTOR Metabolic Enzyme/Protease
  3. AMPK Endogenous Metabolite
  4. Chitosan oligosaccharide

Chitosan oligosaccharide  (Synonyms: COS)

Cat. No.: HY-112108 Purity: ≥91.0%
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Chitosan oligosaccharide (COS) is an oligomer of β-(1→4)-linked D-glucosamine. Chitosan oligosaccharide (COS) activates AMPK and inhibits inflammatory signaling pathways including NF-κB and MAPK pathways.

For research use only. We do not sell to patients.

Chitosan oligosaccharide Chemical Structure

Chitosan oligosaccharide Chemical Structure

CAS No. : 148411-57-8

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Based on 4 publication(s) in Google Scholar

Chitosan oligosaccharide Related Antibodies

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Description

Chitosan oligosaccharide (COS) is an oligomer of β-(1→4)-linked D-glucosamine. Chitosan oligosaccharide (COS) activates AMPK and inhibits inflammatory signaling pathways including NF-κB and MAPK pathways.

IC50 & Target

AMPK[1]
In Vitro

Chitosan oligosaccharide (COS) represents a class of natural polymers that holds therapeutic promise in several diseases due to not only its physiochemical properties including water-solubility and low viscosity but also its favorable pharmacological properties including good pharmacokinetics and safety profiles and diverse beneficial biological activities. Activation of AMPK and inhibition of inflammatory signaling pathways including NF-κB and MAPK pathways are recognized as major mechanisms responsible for several effects of Chitosan oligosaccharide (COS) including anti-inflammation, anti-cancer, and anti-diabetes. COS can interrupt cancer progression at multiple stages by modulating several signaling proteins/pathways including NF-κB, AMPK, mTOR, caspase-3, CD147, MMP-2, MMP-9, and VEGF. In vitro experiments have demonstrated that Chitosan oligosaccharide (COS) induced the death of several cancer cell types including ascites, bladder cancer, prostate cancer, lung cancer, liver cancer, leukemia, cervical cancer and colorectal cancer. The values of IC50 of Chitosan oligosaccharide (COS) in inducing cytotoxicity are 25 μg/mL-50 μg/mL depending on types of cancer cells[1].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

Chitosan oligosaccharide Related Antibodies
In Vivo

The oral administration of Chitosan oligosaccharide (16 mg/kg/day) suppresses the production of the proinflammatory cytokines involved in allergic reactions, i.e., IL-4, IL-13 and TNF-α, in the lung tissues and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid of the mice. Last, an anti-inflammatory effect of Chitosan oligosaccharide (COS) on lymphocyte activation has been documented in a rat model of autoimmune anterior uveitis induced by immunization with bovine melanin-associated antigen[1]. Chitosan oligosaccharide (COS) inhibits UV-induced macroscopic appearance in mice skin. Compared with healthy dorsal skin with smoothness and some shallow wrinkles of hairless mice in normal control group, UV exposure for 10 weeks triggers skin erythema, dry, thickening, sagging and coarse wrinkles, and even leathery appearance and slight flesh-colored lesion in the model mice, the visual score of which is markedly higher than that of the normal control group (p<0.05), indicating that UV induces photoaging in skin surface[2].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
CAS No.
Appearance

Solid

Color

Light yellow to yellow

SMILES

[Chitosan oligosaccharide]
Structure Classification
Initial Source
Shipping

Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.
Storage
Powder -20°C 3 years
4°C 2 years
In solvent -80°C 6 months
-20°C 1 month
Solvent & Solubility
In Vitro: 

DMSO : 50 mg/mL (Need ultrasonic; Hygroscopic DMSO has a significant impact on the solubility of product, please use newly opened DMSO)

H2O : 50 mg/mL (Need ultrasonic)

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Mass (g) = Concentration (mol/L) × Volume (L) × Molecular Weight (g/mol)

Mass
=
Concentration
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Volume
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Molecular Weight *

Concentration (start) × Volume (start) = Concentration (final) × Volume (final)

This equation is commonly abbreviated as: C1V1 = C2V2

Concentration (start)

C1

×
Volume (start)

V1

=
Concentration (final)

C2

×
Volume (final)

V2

In Vivo:

Select the appropriate dissolution method based on your experimental animal and administration route.

For the following dissolution methods, please ensure to first prepare a clear stock solution using an In Vitro approach and then sequentially add co-solvents:
To ensure reliable experimental results, the clarified stock solution can be appropriately stored based on storage conditions. As for the working solution for in vivo experiments, it is recommended to prepare freshly and use it on the same day.
The percentages shown for the solvents indicate their volumetric ratio in the final prepared solution. If precipitation or phase separation occurs during preparation, heat and/or sonication can be used to aid dissolution.

  • Protocol 1

    Add each solvent one by one:  10% DMSO    40% PEG300    5% Tween-80    45% Saline

    Solubility: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL; Clear solution

    This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (saturation unknown).

    Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (25.0 mg/mL) to 400 μL PEG300, and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 and mix evenly; then add 450 μL Saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL.

    Preparation of Saline: Dissolve 0.9 g sodium chloride in ddH₂O and dilute to 100 mL to obtain a clear Saline solution.
  • Protocol 2

    Add each solvent one by one:  10% DMSO    90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline)

    Solubility: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL; Clear solution

    This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (saturation unknown).

    Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (25.0 mg/mL) to 900 μL 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline, and mix evenly.

    Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C, storage for one week): 2 g SBE-β-CD powder is dissolved in 10 mL Saline, completely dissolve until clear.

For the following dissolution methods, please prepare the working solution directly. It is recommended to prepare fresh solutions and use them promptly within a short period of time.
The percentages shown for the solvents indicate their volumetric ratio in the final prepared solution. If precipitation or phase separation occurs during preparation, heat and/or sonication can be used to aid dissolution.

  • Protocol 1

    Add each solvent one by one:  PBS

    Solubility: 100 mg/mL; Clear solution; Need ultrasonic

In Vivo Dissolution Calculator
Please enter the basic information of animal experiments:

Dosage

mg/kg

Animal weight
(per animal)

g

Dosing volume
(per animal)

μL

Number of animals

Recommended: Prepare an additional quantity of animals to account for potential losses during experiments.
Calculation results:
Working solution concentration: mg/mL
This product has good water solubility, please refer to the measured solubility data in water/PBS/Saline for details.
The concentration of the stock solution you require exceeds the measured solubility. The following solution is for reference only.If necessary, please contact MedChemExpress (MCE).
Purity & Documentation

Purity: ≥91.0%

SDS (251 KB)

COA (244 KB)

Handling Instructions (2659 KB)
References
Animal Administration
[2]

Mice[2]
Seven-week-old female hairless BALB/c mice (n=12), weighing approximately 16 g, are used. After a week of acclimation, the hairless mice are randomly divided into five groups of 6 mice per group: Normal control group (without UV irradiation but with double-distilled water treatment); Model group (UV irradiation with double-distilled water treatment); COS-L group, COS-M group and COS-H group (UV irradiation with 50 mg/mL, 100 mg/mL and 200 mg/mL COS treatment, respectively). For mice used for topical application, 100 μL are applied to each mouse dorsal skin every time after UV-radiation. The dorsal treated skin area of mice is carefully wiped with soft absorbent cotton soaked in distilled water, and then wiped with dry cotton before each UV-radiation to remove any remaining Chitosan oligosaccharide (COS)[2].

MCE has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
References
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Chitosan oligosaccharide Related Classifications

Help & FAQs
  • Do most proteins show cross-species activity?

    Species cross-reactivity must be investigated individually for each product. Many human cytokines will produce a nice response in mouse cell lines, and many mouse proteins will show activity on human cells. Other proteins may have a lower specific activity when used in the opposite species.

Keywords:

Chitosan oligosaccharide148411-57-8COSAMPKEndogenous MetaboliteAMP-activated protein kinaseInhibitorinhibitorinhibit

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