1. NF-κB Apoptosis Autophagy Metabolic Enzyme/Protease
  2. Keap1-Nrf2 Apoptosis Autophagy Endogenous Metabolite
  3. Luteolin

Luteolin  (Synonyms: Luteoline; Luteolol; Digitoflavone)

Cat. No.: HY-N0162 Purity: 99.51%
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Luteolin (Luteoline), a flavanoid compound, is a potent Nrf2 inhibitor. Luteolin has anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer properties, including the induction of apoptosis and cell cycle arrest, and the inhibition of metastasis and angiogenesis, in several cancer cell lines, including human non-small lung cancer cells.

For research use only. We do not sell to patients.

Luteolin Chemical Structure

Luteolin Chemical Structure

CAS No. : 491-70-3

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Customer Review

Based on 41 publication(s) in Google Scholar

Other Forms of Luteolin:

Top Publications Citing Use of Products

40 Publications Citing Use of MCE Luteolin

WB

    Luteolin purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Front Pharmacol. 2018 Jun 13;9:620.  [Abstract]

    Effects of Luteolin on the level of CTSD and p-CDK2 in HK-2 cells. The western blotting results of CTSD and p-CDK2 in the NaOx-stimulated HK-2 cells treated by Luteolin.
    • Biological Activity

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    Description

    Luteolin (Luteoline), a flavanoid compound, is a potent Nrf2 inhibitor. Luteolin has anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer properties, including the induction of apoptosis and cell cycle arrest, and the inhibition of metastasis and angiogenesis, in several cancer cell lines, including human non-small lung cancer cells[1][2][3].

    Cellular Effect
    Cell Line Type Value Description References
    A549 IC50
    10.23 μg/mL
    Compound: Luteolin
    Cytotoxicity against human A549 cells by MTT assay
    Cytotoxicity against human A549 cells by MTT assay
    [PMID: 21106454]
    A549 IC50
    12.9 mg/mL
    Compound: 17
    Cytotoxicity against human A549 cells after 3 days by SRB assay
    Cytotoxicity against human A549 cells after 3 days by SRB assay
    [PMID: 15568778]
    B16-4A5 IC50
    > 100 μM
    Compound: 15
    Toxicity in mouse B16-4A5 cells assessed as inhibition of cell proliferation in presence of 1 mM theophylline after 72 hrs by WST8 dye reduction assay
    Toxicity in mouse B16-4A5 cells assessed as inhibition of cell proliferation in presence of 1 mM theophylline after 72 hrs by WST8 dye reduction assay
    [PMID: 20189399]
    B16-4A5 IC50
    14 μM
    Compound: 2
    Inhibition of melanogenesis in theophylline-stimulated mouse B16-4A5 cells after 72 hrs by microplate reader analysis
    Inhibition of melanogenesis in theophylline-stimulated mouse B16-4A5 cells after 72 hrs by microplate reader analysis
    [PMID: 25987378]
    B16-4A5 IC50
    14 μM
    Compound: 15
    Inhibition of theophylline-stimulated melanogenesis in mouse B16-4A5 cells after 72 hrs
    Inhibition of theophylline-stimulated melanogenesis in mouse B16-4A5 cells after 72 hrs
    [PMID: 20189399]
    BXPC-3 GI50
    > 10 μg/mL
    Compound: 4
    Cytotoxicity against human BxPC3 cells after 48 hrs by SRB assay
    Cytotoxicity against human BxPC3 cells after 48 hrs by SRB assay
    [PMID: 12608861]
    C8166 CC50
    17.9 μg/mL
    Compound: 3
    Cytotoxicity against human C8166 cells assessed as inhibition of cell proliferation after 72 hrs by MTT assay
    Cytotoxicity against human C8166 cells assessed as inhibition of cell proliferation after 72 hrs by MTT assay
    [PMID: 24794743]
    C8166 EC50
    2.48 μg/mL
    Compound: 3
    Antiviral activity against HIV-1 3B infected in human C8166 cells assessed as inhibition of virus-induced cytopathogenicity by measuring syncytial cell number after 3 days by inverted microscopic analysis
    Antiviral activity against HIV-1 3B infected in human C8166 cells assessed as inhibition of virus-induced cytopathogenicity by measuring syncytial cell number after 3 days by inverted microscopic analysis
    [PMID: 24794743]
    Ca9-22 IC50
    8.55 μg/mL
    Compound: Luteolin
    Cytotoxicity against human Ca9-22 cells by MTT assay
    Cytotoxicity against human Ca9-22 cells by MTT assay
    [PMID: 21106454]
    CCRF-CEM IC50
    > 10 μg/mL
    Compound: 9
    Cytotoxicity against human CEM cells after 3 days by MTT assay
    Cytotoxicity against human CEM cells after 3 days by MTT assay
    [PMID: 11421746]
    DU-145 GI50
    4.4 μg/mL
    Compound: 4
    Cytotoxicity against human DU145 cells after 48 hrs by SRB assay
    Cytotoxicity against human DU145 cells after 48 hrs by SRB assay
    [PMID: 12608861]
    Erythrocyte EC50
    107.28 μg/mL
    Compound: Luteolin
    Hemolysis of human erythrocytes after 30 mins by spectrophotometry
    Hemolysis of human erythrocytes after 30 mins by spectrophotometry
    [PMID: 23811092]
    H9 EC50
    10 μM
    Compound: 3
    Antiviral activity against HIV1 3B infected in human H9 cells assessed as inhibition of viral replication after 3 days by p24 antigen capture assay
    Antiviral activity against HIV1 3B infected in human H9 cells assessed as inhibition of viral replication after 3 days by p24 antigen capture assay
    [PMID: 8158164]
    H9 IC50
    16 μM
    Compound: 3
    Cytotoxicity against human H9 cells after 3 days
    Cytotoxicity against human H9 cells after 3 days
    [PMID: 8158164]
    H9c2 EC50
    5.53 μM
    Compound: 16
    Cytoprotective activity against doxorubicin-induced cytotoxicity in rat H9c2 cells assessed as cell viability after 24 hrs by MTT assay
    Cytoprotective activity against doxorubicin-induced cytotoxicity in rat H9c2 cells assessed as cell viability after 24 hrs by MTT assay
    [PMID: 20932762]
    HCT-116 EC50
    26.7 μM
    Compound: Luteolin
    Cytotoxicity against human HCT116 cells assessed as cell viability after 72 hrs by MTT assay
    Cytotoxicity against human HCT116 cells assessed as cell viability after 72 hrs by MTT assay
    [PMID: 26529431]
    HEK293 IC50
    > 10 μM
    Compound: 25
    Inhibition of human TRPC5 expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as reduction in gadolinium-induced calcium entry after 30 mins by fluo-4 dye based fluorescence assay
    Inhibition of human TRPC5 expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as reduction in gadolinium-induced calcium entry after 30 mins by fluo-4 dye based fluorescence assay
    [PMID: 30943030]
    HEK293 IC50
    0.85 μM
    Compound: 7e
    Inhibition of NOX4 expressed in HEK293 FS cells assessed as H2O2 production by H2O2/Tyr/LPO assay
    Inhibition of NOX4 expressed in HEK293 FS cells assessed as H2O2 production by H2O2/Tyr/LPO assay
    [PMID: 20731357]
    HEK293 EC50
    2.3 μM
    Compound: 16
    Agonist activity at mouse PPARgamma expressed in HEK293 cells co-expressing with Gal4 reporter vector after 24 hrs by dual-luciferase reporter assay
    Agonist activity at mouse PPARgamma expressed in HEK293 cells co-expressing with Gal4 reporter vector after 24 hrs by dual-luciferase reporter assay
    [PMID: 24955889]
    Hep 3B2 IC50
    8.03 μg/mL
    Compound: Luteolin
    Cytotoxicity against human Hep3B cells by MTT assay
    Cytotoxicity against human Hep3B cells by MTT assay
    [PMID: 21106454]
    HepG2 IC50
    34.7 μM
    Compound: Luteolin
    Antiproliferative activity against human HepG2 cells after 48 hrs by MTT assay
    Antiproliferative activity against human HepG2 cells after 48 hrs by MTT assay
    [PMID: 26896708]
    HepG2 IC50
    47.3 μM
    Compound: 16
    Cytotoxicity against human HepG2 cells assessed as growth inhibition after 72 hrs by neutral red assay
    Cytotoxicity against human HepG2 cells assessed as growth inhibition after 72 hrs by neutral red assay
    [PMID: 28318944]
    HepG2 IC50
    7.36 μg/mL
    Compound: Luteolin
    Cytotoxicity against human HepG2 cells by MTT assay
    Cytotoxicity against human HepG2 cells by MTT assay
    [PMID: 21106454]
    HepG2 IC50
    71.2 μM
    Compound: 31
    Cytotoxicity against human HepG2 cells by MTT assay
    Cytotoxicity against human HepG2 cells by MTT assay
    [PMID: 21726077]
    HepG2 IC50
    80.8 μM
    Compound: 8
    Anticancer activity against human HepG2 cells assessed as cell viability after 24 hrs by MTT assay
    Anticancer activity against human HepG2 cells assessed as cell viability after 24 hrs by MTT assay
    [PMID: 24974349]
    HL-60 IC50
    > 10 μg/mL
    Compound: 9
    Cytotoxicity against human HL60 cells after 3 days by MTT assay
    Cytotoxicity against human HL60 cells after 3 days by MTT assay
    [PMID: 11421746]
    HL-60 IC50
    > 100 μM
    Compound: Luteolin
    Cytotoxicity against human HL60 cells assessed as reduction in cell viability after 72 hrs by MTT assay
    Cytotoxicity against human HL60 cells assessed as reduction in cell viability after 72 hrs by MTT assay
    [PMID: 27353532]
    HT-29 IC50
    18.6 μM
    Compound: Luteolin
    Desensitization of GPR35 receptor in human HT-29 cells assessed as inhibition of zaprinast-induced dynamic mass redistribution after 10 mins
    Desensitization of GPR35 receptor in human HT-29 cells assessed as inhibition of zaprinast-induced dynamic mass redistribution after 10 mins
    [PMID: 24900447]
    HT-29 IC50
    45 μM
    Compound: 40
    Cytotoxicity against human HT-29 cells assessed as reduction in cell viability after 24 hrs by MTS assay
    Cytotoxicity against human HT-29 cells assessed as reduction in cell viability after 24 hrs by MTS assay
    [PMID: 31324564]
    HT-29 EC50
    7.24 μM
    Compound: Luteolin
    Agonist activity at GPR35 receptor in human HT-29 cells after 10 mins by dynamic mass redistribution assay
    Agonist activity at GPR35 receptor in human HT-29 cells after 10 mins by dynamic mass redistribution assay
    [PMID: 24900447]
    Huh-7 CC50
    > 50 μM
    Compound: 22
    Cytotoxicity against human Huh7.5.1 cells by MTT assay
    Cytotoxicity against human Huh7.5.1 cells by MTT assay
    [PMID: 22445328]
    Huh-7 EC50
    4.7 μM
    Compound: 22
    Antiviral activity against HCV JFH-1 J399EM infected in Human Huh7.5.1 cells assessed as suppression of viral replication after 72 hrs by EGFP assay
    Antiviral activity against HCV JFH-1 J399EM infected in Human Huh7.5.1 cells assessed as suppression of viral replication after 72 hrs by EGFP assay
    [PMID: 22445328]
    Huh-7 EC50
    6.6 μM
    Compound: 22
    Antiviral activity against HCV genotype 2a J399LM in Human Huh7.5.1 replicon cells assessed as suppression of viral replication after 72 hrs by luciferase reporter gene assay
    Antiviral activity against HCV genotype 2a J399LM in Human Huh7.5.1 replicon cells assessed as suppression of viral replication after 72 hrs by luciferase reporter gene assay
    [PMID: 22445328]
    Jurkat IC50
    1.3 μM
    Compound: Luteolin
    Inhibition of chymotrypsin-like activity of human 26S proteasome in human Jurkat cells assessed as decrease in AMC hydrolysis using Z-Gly-Gly-Leu-AMC as substrate after 24 hrs by fluorescence based method
    Inhibition of chymotrypsin-like activity of human 26S proteasome in human Jurkat cells assessed as decrease in AMC hydrolysis using Z-Gly-Gly-Leu-AMC as substrate after 24 hrs by fluorescence based method
    [PMID: 30776692]
    Jurkat IC50
    1.5 μM
    Compound: Luteolin
    Inhibition of chymotrypsin-like activity of purified human 20S proteasome expressed in human Jurkat cells assessed as decrease in AMC hydrolysis using Suc-Leu-Leu-Val-Tyr-AMC as substrate incubated for 2 hrs by fluorescence based method
    Inhibition of chymotrypsin-like activity of purified human 20S proteasome expressed in human Jurkat cells assessed as decrease in AMC hydrolysis using Suc-Leu-Leu-Val-Tyr-AMC as substrate incubated for 2 hrs by fluorescence based method
    [PMID: 30776692]
    K562 IC50
    14.65 μM
    Compound: 2, luteolin
    Growth inhibition of K562 cells by XTT assay after 5 days
    Growth inhibition of K562 cells by XTT assay after 5 days
    [PMID: 17411092]
    KB IC50
    45.3 μM
    Compound: 16
    Cytotoxicity against human KB cells assessed as growth inhibition after 72 hrs by neutral red assay
    Cytotoxicity against human KB cells assessed as growth inhibition after 72 hrs by neutral red assay
    [PMID: 28318944]
    KM-20L2 GI50
    > 10 μg/mL
    Compound: 4
    Cytotoxicity against human KM20L2 cells after 48 hrs by SRB assay
    Cytotoxicity against human KM20L2 cells after 48 hrs by SRB assay
    [PMID: 12608861]
    L02 IC50
    > 100 μM
    Compound: Luteolin
    Cytotoxicity against human LO2 cells after 48 hrs by MTT assay
    Cytotoxicity against human LO2 cells after 48 hrs by MTT assay
    [PMID: 26896708]
    L6 IC50
    21.4 μg/mL
    Compound: 21
    Antitrypanosomal activity against trypomastigote forms of Trypanosoma cruzi Tulahuen C2C4 infected in rat L6 cells after 96 hrs by photometric method
    Antitrypanosomal activity against trypomastigote forms of Trypanosoma cruzi Tulahuen C2C4 infected in rat L6 cells after 96 hrs by photometric method
    10.1039/C5MD00481K
    L6 IC50
    9.4 μg/mL
    Compound: 21
    Cytotoxicity against rat L6 cells after 72 hrs by alamar blue staining based fluorescence analysis
    Cytotoxicity against rat L6 cells after 72 hrs by alamar blue staining based fluorescence analysis
    10.1039/C5MD00481K
    L929 EC50
    > 250 μM
    Compound: luteolin
    Inhibition of recombinant human TNF-alpha-induced cytotoxicity of mouse L929 cells assessed as survivality preincubated for 15 mins before TNFalpha addition measured after 24 hrs by crystal violet staining
    Inhibition of recombinant human TNF-alpha-induced cytotoxicity of mouse L929 cells assessed as survivality preincubated for 15 mins before TNFalpha addition measured after 24 hrs by crystal violet staining
    [PMID: 9287415]
    L929 EC50
    > 250 μM
    Compound: luteolin
    Inhibition of recombinant human TNF-alpha-induced cytotoxicity of mouse L929 cells assessed as survivality preincubated for 15 mins before TNFalpha addition measured after 24 hrs by [methyl-3H]thymidine incorporation assay
    Inhibition of recombinant human TNF-alpha-induced cytotoxicity of mouse L929 cells assessed as survivality preincubated for 15 mins before TNFalpha addition measured after 24 hrs by [methyl-3H]thymidine incorporation assay
    [PMID: 9287415]
    Lu1 IC50
    40.8 μM
    Compound: 16
    Cytotoxicity against human Lu1 cells assessed as growth inhibition after 72 hrs by neutral red assay
    Cytotoxicity against human Lu1 cells assessed as growth inhibition after 72 hrs by neutral red assay
    [PMID: 28318944]
    MCF7 IC50
    14.3 mg/mL
    Compound: 17
    Cytotoxicity against human MCF7 cells after 3 days by SRB assay
    Cytotoxicity against human MCF7 cells after 3 days by SRB assay
    [PMID: 15568778]
    MCF7 IC50
    44.4 μM
    Compound: 16
    Cytotoxicity against human MCF7 cells assessed as growth inhibition after 72 hrs by neutral red assay
    Cytotoxicity against human MCF7 cells assessed as growth inhibition after 72 hrs by neutral red assay
    [PMID: 28318944]
    MCF7 IC50
    5 μM
    Compound: Luteolin
    Antiproliferative activity against human MCF7 cells assessed as inhibition of cell growth incubated for 6 days by SRB assay
    Antiproliferative activity against human MCF7 cells assessed as inhibition of cell growth incubated for 6 days by SRB assay
    [PMID: 33257172]
    MCF7 GI50
    9.4 μg/mL
    Compound: 4
    Cytotoxicity against human MCF7 cells after 48 hrs by SRB assay
    Cytotoxicity against human MCF7 cells after 48 hrs by SRB assay
    [PMID: 12608861]
    MCF7 IC50
    9.5 μg/mL
    Compound: Luteolin
    Cytotoxicity against human MCF7 cells by MTT assay
    Cytotoxicity against human MCF7 cells by MTT assay
    [PMID: 21106454]
    MDA-MB-231 IC50
    7.29 μM
    Compound: Luteolin
    Antiproliferative activity against human MDA-MB-231 cells assessed as cell growth inhibition measured after 72 hrs by MTT assay
    Antiproliferative activity against human MDA-MB-231 cells assessed as cell growth inhibition measured after 72 hrs by MTT assay
    [PMID: 34971873]
    MDA-MB-231 IC50
    9.65 μg/mL
    Compound: Luteolin
    Cytotoxicity against human MDA-MB-231 cells by MTT assay
    Cytotoxicity against human MDA-MB-231 cells by MTT assay
    [PMID: 21106454]
    MDCK CC50
    12.44 μM
    Compound: 2
    Cytotoxicity against MDCK cells by MTT assay
    Cytotoxicity against MDCK cells by MTT assay
    [PMID: 18640042]
    MDCK CC50
    164.9 μM
    Compound: 2
    Cytotoxicity against MDCK cells after 48 hrs by MTT assay
    Cytotoxicity against MDCK cells after 48 hrs by MTT assay
    [PMID: 19729316]
    MOLM-13 IC50
    4.5 μM
    Compound: 25
    Cytotoxicity against human MOLM-13 cells assessed as reduction in cell viability after 72 hrs by MTT assay
    Cytotoxicity against human MOLM-13 cells assessed as reduction in cell viability after 72 hrs by MTT assay
    [PMID: 33026809]
    Monocyte IC50
    1.5 μM
    Compound: luteolin
    Inhibition of procoagulant activity in monocyte from human blood assessed as counteraction of IL1-induced tissue factor expression after 18 hrs
    Inhibition of procoagulant activity in monocyte from human blood assessed as counteraction of IL1-induced tissue factor expression after 18 hrs
    [PMID: 8882428]
    MV4-11 GI50
    1.76 μM
    Compound: 3
    Cytotoxicity against human MV4-11 cells harboring FLT3 mutation after 72 hrs by tetrazolium based Ez CyTox cell viability assay
    Cytotoxicity against human MV4-11 cells harboring FLT3 mutation after 72 hrs by tetrazolium based Ez CyTox cell viability assay
    [PMID: 23411073]
    MV4-11 IC50
    3.1 μM
    Compound: 25
    Cytotoxicity against human MV4-11 cells assessed as reduction in cell viability after 72 hrs by MTT assay
    Cytotoxicity against human MV4-11 cells assessed as reduction in cell viability after 72 hrs by MTT assay
    [PMID: 33026809]
    NCI-H460 GI50
    3.8 μg/mL
    Compound: 4
    Cytotoxicity against human NCI-H460 cells after 48 hrs by SRB assay
    Cytotoxicity against human NCI-H460 cells after 48 hrs by SRB assay
    [PMID: 12608861]
    NCI-H460 IC50
    8.9 μM
    Compound: 11
    Inhibition of ABCG2 expressed in human NCI-H460 cells assessed as inhibition of PhA accumulation after 2 to 20 hrs relative to fumitremorgin C
    Inhibition of ABCG2 expressed in human NCI-H460 cells assessed as inhibition of PhA accumulation after 2 to 20 hrs relative to fumitremorgin C
    [PMID: 21275386]
    Neutrophil IC50
    0.9 μM
    Compound: 4e
    Inhibition of oxidative burst in PMA-stimulated human neutrophils assessed as inhibition of HOCl-induced oxidation of APF after 6 mins by fluorescence assay
    Inhibition of oxidative burst in PMA-stimulated human neutrophils assessed as inhibition of HOCl-induced oxidation of APF after 6 mins by fluorescence assay
    [PMID: 23871908]
    Neutrophil IC50
    1.7 μM
    Compound: 6
    Inhibition of PMA-induced oxidative burst in human neutrophils by amplex red assay
    Inhibition of PMA-induced oxidative burst in human neutrophils by amplex red assay
    [PMID: 25151578]
    Neutrophil IC50
    2.2 μM
    Compound: 6
    Inhibition of PMA-induced oxidative burst in human neutrophils by APF assay
    Inhibition of PMA-induced oxidative burst in human neutrophils by APF assay
    [PMID: 25151578]
    Neutrophil IC50
    4 μM
    Compound: 4e
    Inhibition of oxidative burst in PMA-stimulated human neutrophils assessed as inhibition of H2O2-induced oxidation of amplex red incubated for 5 mins prior to PMA challenge by fluorescence assay
    Inhibition of oxidative burst in PMA-stimulated human neutrophils assessed as inhibition of H2O2-induced oxidation of amplex red incubated for 5 mins prior to PMA challenge by fluorescence assay
    [PMID: 23871908]
    Neutrophil IC50
    5.2 μM
    Compound: 6
    Inhibition of PMA-induced oxidative burst in human neutrophils by chemiluminescence assay
    Inhibition of PMA-induced oxidative burst in human neutrophils by chemiluminescence assay
    [PMID: 25151578]
    Neutrophil IC50
    9.3 μM
    Compound: 4e
    Inhibition of oxidative burst in PMA-stimulated human neutrophils assessed as inhibition of ROS-induced luminol oxidation incubated for 5 mins prior to PMA challenge by chemiluminescence assay
    Inhibition of oxidative burst in PMA-stimulated human neutrophils assessed as inhibition of ROS-induced luminol oxidation incubated for 5 mins prior to PMA challenge by chemiluminescence assay
    [PMID: 23871908]
    Neutrophil IC50
    9.5 μM
    Compound: 4e
    Inhibition of oxidative burst in PMA-stimulated human neutrophils assessed as inhibition of superoxide anion radical-induced lucigenin oxidation incubated for 5 mins prior to PMA challenge by chemiluminescence assay
    Inhibition of oxidative burst in PMA-stimulated human neutrophils assessed as inhibition of superoxide anion radical-induced lucigenin oxidation incubated for 5 mins prior to PMA challenge by chemiluminescence assay
    [PMID: 23871908]
    P388 GI50
    > 10 μg/mL
    Compound: 4
    Cytotoxicity against mouse P388 cells after 48 hrs by SRB assay
    Cytotoxicity against mouse P388 cells after 48 hrs by SRB assay
    [PMID: 12608861]
    Peritoneal macrophage IC50
    20 μM
    Compound: kp17
    Inhibition of LPS-stimulated nitric oxide production in ddy mouse peritoneal macrophages measured after 20 hrs by Greiss method
    Inhibition of LPS-stimulated nitric oxide production in ddy mouse peritoneal macrophages measured after 20 hrs by Greiss method
    [PMID: 27955927]
    Peritoneal macrophage cell IC50
    77.7 μM
    Compound: luteolin
    Cytotoxicity against mouse Peritoneal macrophages cells after 72 hrs by MTS assay
    Cytotoxicity against mouse Peritoneal macrophages cells after 72 hrs by MTS assay
    [PMID: 22989363]
    Platelet IC50
    > 50 μg/mL
    Compound: Luteolin
    Antiaggregatory activity in human platelets assessed as inhibition of thrombin-induced platelet aggregation by aggregometry
    Antiaggregatory activity in human platelets assessed as inhibition of thrombin-induced platelet aggregation by aggregometry
    [PMID: 21106454]
    Platelet IC50
    2.56 μg/mL
    Compound: Luteolin
    Antiaggregatory activity in human platelets assessed as inhibition of collagen-induced platelet aggregation by aggregometry
    Antiaggregatory activity in human platelets assessed as inhibition of collagen-induced platelet aggregation by aggregometry
    [PMID: 21106454]
    Platelet IC50
    43.5 μM
    Compound: 6
    Inhibition of arachidonic acid-induced platelet aggregation in rabbit plasma preincubated 3 mins before addition of thrombin by turbidimetric method
    Inhibition of arachidonic acid-induced platelet aggregation in rabbit plasma preincubated 3 mins before addition of thrombin by turbidimetric method
    [PMID: 9287421]
    RAW264.7 IC50
    > 40 μM
    Compound: Lut.
    Cytotoxicity against mouse RAW264.7 cells assessed as reduction in cell viability measured after 24 hrs by MTT assay
    Cytotoxicity against mouse RAW264.7 cells assessed as reduction in cell viability measured after 24 hrs by MTT assay
    [PMID: 32208222]
    RAW264.7 IC50
    > 50 μM
    Compound: Luteolin
    Cytotoxicity against mouse RAW264.7 cells assessed as reduction in cell viability by MTT assay
    Cytotoxicity against mouse RAW264.7 cells assessed as reduction in cell viability by MTT assay
    [PMID: 29655613]
    RAW264.7 IC50
    0.21 μM
    Compound: 8
    Inhibition of NO production in LPS-stimulated mouse RAW264.7 cells pre-incubated for 2 hrs before LPS stimulation for 24 hrs by Griess assay method
    Inhibition of NO production in LPS-stimulated mouse RAW264.7 cells pre-incubated for 2 hrs before LPS stimulation for 24 hrs by Griess assay method
    [PMID: 25176187]
    RAW264.7 IC50
    10.4 μM
    Compound: Luteolin
    Antiinflammatory activity in LPS-stimulated mouse RAW264.7 cells assessed as inhibition of nitric oxide production after 24 hrs by Griess reagent
    Antiinflammatory activity in LPS-stimulated mouse RAW264.7 cells assessed as inhibition of nitric oxide production after 24 hrs by Griess reagent
    [PMID: 20363145]
    RAW264.7 IC50
    14.4 μM
    Compound: Luteolin
    Antiinflammatory activity in mouse RAW264.7 cells assessed as inhibition of LPS-induced nitric oxide production after 24 hrs by Griess method
    Antiinflammatory activity in mouse RAW264.7 cells assessed as inhibition of LPS-induced nitric oxide production after 24 hrs by Griess method
    [PMID: 29655613]
    RAW264.7 IC50
    18.95 μM
    Compound: Luteolin
    Cytotoxicity against mouse RAW264.7 cells by MTT assay
    Cytotoxicity against mouse RAW264.7 cells by MTT assay
    [PMID: 28408221]
    RAW264.7 IC50
    2.87 μM
    Compound: Luteolin
    Antiinflammatory activity in mouse RAW264.7 cells assessed as inhibition of LPS-stimulated PGE2 production by ELISA
    Antiinflammatory activity in mouse RAW264.7 cells assessed as inhibition of LPS-stimulated PGE2 production by ELISA
    [PMID: 28408221]
    RAW264.7 IC50
    43.2 μM
    Compound: luteolin
    Cytotoxicity against mouse RAW264.7 cells after 72 hrs by MTS assay
    Cytotoxicity against mouse RAW264.7 cells after 72 hrs by MTS assay
    [PMID: 22989363]
    RAW264.7 IC50
    5.06 μM
    Compound: Luteolin
    Antiinflammatory activity in mouse RAW264.7 cells assessed as inhibition of LPS-stimulated NO production by ELISA
    Antiinflammatory activity in mouse RAW264.7 cells assessed as inhibition of LPS-stimulated NO production by ELISA
    [PMID: 28408221]
    RAW264.7 IC50
    5.6 μM
    Compound: Luteolin
    Anti-inflammatory activity in mouse RAW264.7 cells assessed as reduction in LPS-induced NO production preincubated for 30 mins followed by LPS stimulation measured after 24 hrs by Griess assay
    Anti-inflammatory activity in mouse RAW264.7 cells assessed as reduction in LPS-induced NO production preincubated for 30 mins followed by LPS stimulation measured after 24 hrs by Griess assay
    [PMID: 28960981]
    RAW264.7 IC50
    5.8 μM
    Compound: Luteolin
    Anti-inflammatory activity in mouse RAW264.7 cells assessed as inhibition of LPS-induced nitric oxide production preincubated for 2 hrs followed by LPS stimulation and measured after 24 hrs by by Griess assay
    Anti-inflammatory activity in mouse RAW264.7 cells assessed as inhibition of LPS-induced nitric oxide production preincubated for 2 hrs followed by LPS stimulation and measured after 24 hrs by by Griess assay
    [PMID: 31419126]
    RAW264.7 IC50
    7.2 μM
    Compound: 12
    Anti-inflammatory activity in mouse RAW264.7 cells assessed as inhibition of LPS-induced nitric oxide production by Griess reaction based method
    Anti-inflammatory activity in mouse RAW264.7 cells assessed as inhibition of LPS-induced nitric oxide production by Griess reaction based method
    [PMID: 25637363]
    RAW264.7 IC50
    7.5 μM
    Compound: 6
    Antiinflammatory activity against mouse RAW264.7 cells assessed as inhibition of LPS-induced nitrite accumulation after 24 hrs by Griess reagent method
    Antiinflammatory activity against mouse RAW264.7 cells assessed as inhibition of LPS-induced nitrite accumulation after 24 hrs by Griess reagent method
    [PMID: 19778086]
    RAW264.7 IC50
    8.1 μM
    Compound: 13
    Antiinflammatory activity against LPS-stimulated mouse RAW264.7 cells assessed as decrease in PGE2 production preincubated for 1 hr followed by LPS stimulation and measured after 24 hrs by ELISA
    Antiinflammatory activity against LPS-stimulated mouse RAW264.7 cells assessed as decrease in PGE2 production preincubated for 1 hr followed by LPS stimulation and measured after 24 hrs by ELISA
    [PMID: 31747281]
    RAW264.7 IC50
    9.2 μM
    Compound: Lut.
    Inhibition of LPS-induced nitric oxide production in mouse RAW264.7 cells measured after 24 hrs by Griess reagent based assay
    Inhibition of LPS-induced nitric oxide production in mouse RAW264.7 cells measured after 24 hrs by Griess reagent based assay
    [PMID: 32208222]
    RBL-2H3 IC50
    58.2 μM
    Compound: 6
    Antihistaminic activity in rat RBL2H3 cells assessed as inhibition of DNP-BSA-induced beta-hexosaminidase release preincubated for 10 mins before DNP-BSA challenge
    Antihistaminic activity in rat RBL2H3 cells assessed as inhibition of DNP-BSA-induced beta-hexosaminidase release preincubated for 10 mins before DNP-BSA challenge
    [PMID: 14510616]
    RBL-2H3 IC50
    82 μM
    Compound: Luteolin
    Inhibition of rat RBL2H3 cell degranulation assessed as inhibition of beta-hexosamidase release after 10 mins by microplate reader assay
    Inhibition of rat RBL2H3 cell degranulation assessed as inhibition of beta-hexosamidase release after 10 mins by microplate reader assay
    [PMID: 12398545]
    RS4-11 GI50
    7.25 μM
    Compound: 3
    Cytotoxicity against human RS4:11 cells harboring wild type FLT3 after 72 hrs by tetrazolium based Ez CyTox cell viability assay
    Cytotoxicity against human RS4:11 cells harboring wild type FLT3 after 72 hrs by tetrazolium based Ez CyTox cell viability assay
    [PMID: 23411073]
    SF-268 GI50
    9 μg/mL
    Compound: 4
    Cytotoxicity against human SF268 cells after 48 hrs by SRB assay
    Cytotoxicity against human SF268 cells after 48 hrs by SRB assay
    [PMID: 12608861]
    SW1573 IC50
    > 10 μg/mL
    Compound: 9
    Cytotoxicity against human SW1573 cells after 3 days by MTT assay
    Cytotoxicity against human SW1573 cells after 3 days by MTT assay
    [PMID: 11421746]
    THP-1 IC50
    70 μM
    Compound: Luteolin
    Cytotoxicity against human THP1 cells after 24 hrs by MTS assay
    Cytotoxicity against human THP1 cells after 24 hrs by MTS assay
    [PMID: 19879672]
    U2OS EC50
    3.2 μM
    Compound: Luteolin
    Agonist activity at GPR35 receptor in human U2OS cells coexpressing Gal4-VP16-TEV assessed as beta arrestin translocation after 5 hrs by beta lactamase reporter gene assay
    Agonist activity at GPR35 receptor in human U2OS cells coexpressing Gal4-VP16-TEV assessed as beta arrestin translocation after 5 hrs by beta lactamase reporter gene assay
    [PMID: 24900447]
    U-937 IC50
    20 μM
    Compound: 29, luteolin
    Antiproliferative activity against human U937 cells after 72 hrs by WST-8 assay
    Antiproliferative activity against human U937 cells after 72 hrs by WST-8 assay
    [PMID: 17158054]
    U-937 IC50
    28 μM
    Compound: 29, luteolin
    Antiproliferative activity against human U937 cells after 48 hrs by WST-8 assay
    Antiproliferative activity against human U937 cells after 48 hrs by WST-8 assay
    [PMID: 17158054]
    U-937 IC50
    36 μM
    Compound: 29, luteolin
    Antiproliferative activity against human U937 cells after 24 hrs by WST-8 assay
    Antiproliferative activity against human U937 cells after 24 hrs by WST-8 assay
    [PMID: 17158054]
    Vero CC50
    0.155 mM
    Compound: 13
    Cytotoxicity against african green monkey Vero cells incubated for 3 days
    Cytotoxicity against african green monkey Vero cells incubated for 3 days
    [PMID: 32539378]
    Vero C1008 CC50
    0.155 μM
    Compound: 40
    Cytotoxicity against African green monkey Vero E6 cells by MTT assay
    Cytotoxicity against African green monkey Vero E6 cells by MTT assay
    [PMID: 33486200]
    In Vitro

    Luteolin (0-160 μM; 24 hours; NCI-H460 cells) treatment inhibits the viability of NCI-H460 cells in a concentration-dependent manner[1].
    Luteolin (20-80 μM; 24 hours; NCI-H460 cells) treatment causes an accumulation of cells in the S phase[1].
    Luteolin (320-580 μM; 48 hours; NCI-H460 cells) treatment induces apoptosis[1].
    Luteolin (20-80 μM; 24 hours; NCI-H460 cells) treatment increases the protein expression levels of apoptotic regulatory proteins, including the Bax/Bcl-2 ratio, in a concentration-dependent manner, however, only 80 μM Luteolin inhibits the expression of Bad. Luteolin also decreases the expression of Sirt1 in the NCI-H460 cell line in a concentration-dependent manner[1].

    MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

    Cell Viability Assay[1]

    Cell Line: NCI-H460 cells
    Concentration: 0 µM, 20 µM, 40 µM, 80 µM and 160 µM
    Incubation Time: 24 hours
    Result: Inhibited the viability of NCI-H460 cells in a concentration-dependent manner.

    Cell Cycle Analysis[1]

    Cell Line: NCI-H460 cells
    Concentration: 20 µM, 40 µM, 80 µM
    Incubation Time: 24 hours
    Result: Induced cell cycle arrest in the S phase.

    Apoptosis Analysis[1]

    Cell Line: NCI-H460 cells
    Concentration: 320 µM, 440 µM, 580 µM
    Incubation Time: 48 hours
    Result: Apoptotic fraction was markedly increased.

    Western Blot Analysis[1]

    Cell Line: NCI-H460 cells
    Concentration: 20 µM, 40 µM, 80 µM
    Incubation Time: 24 hours
    Result: Increased the protein expression levels of apoptotic regulatory proteins and decreased the expression of Sirt1 in the NCI-H460 cell line in a concentration-dependent manner.
    In Vivo

    Luteolin (10-100?mg/kg; oral gavage; daily; for 12 weeks; adult male Wistar rats) has an antioxidant effect and can also protect against non-alcoholic steatohepatitis through targeting the pro-inflammatory IL-1 and Il-18 pathways in rats with a high carbohydrate/high fat diet[2].

    MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

    Animal Model: Adult male Wistar rats (200-220 g)[2]
    Dosage: 10 mg/kg, 25 mg/kg, 50 mg/kg or 100 mg/kg
    Administration: Oral gavage; daily; for 12 weeks
    Result: Significantly reduced ALT and AST activity and reduced levels of bilirubin, hyaluronic acid and malondialdehyde. Shows an antioxidant activity such as a significant increase in reduced glutathione. IFN-γ, TNF-α, IL-1α and IL-18 levels decreased significantly.
    Clinical Trial
    Molecular Weight

    286.24

    Formula

    C15H10O6

    CAS No.
    Appearance

    Solid

    Color

    Light yellow to yellow

    SMILES

    O=C1C=C(C2=CC=C(O)C(O)=C2)OC3=CC(O)=CC(O)=C13

    Structure Classification
    Initial Source
    Shipping

    Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.

    Storage
    Powder -20°C 3 years
    4°C 2 years
    In solvent -80°C 6 months
    -20°C 1 month
    Solvent & Solubility
    In Vitro: 

    DMSO : ≥ 100 mg/mL (349.36 mM; Hygroscopic DMSO has a significant impact on the solubility of product, please use newly opened DMSO)

    *"≥" means soluble, but saturation unknown.

    Preparing
    Stock Solutions
    Concentration Solvent Mass 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg
    1 mM 3.4936 mL 17.4679 mL 34.9357 mL
    5 mM 0.6987 mL 3.4936 mL 6.9871 mL
    View the Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

    * Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
    Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.

    • Molarity Calculator

    • Dilution Calculator

    Mass (g) = Concentration (mol/L) × Volume (L) × Molecular Weight (g/mol)

    Mass
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    ×
    Volume
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    Molecular Weight *

    Concentration (start) × Volume (start) = Concentration (final) × Volume (final)

    This equation is commonly abbreviated as: C1V1 = C2V2

    Concentration (start)

    C1

    ×
    Volume (start)

    V1

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    Concentration (final)

    C2

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    Volume (final)

    V2

    In Vivo:

    Select the appropriate dissolution method based on your experimental animal and administration route.

    For the following dissolution methods, please ensure to first prepare a clear stock solution using an In Vitro approach and then sequentially add co-solvents:
    To ensure reliable experimental results, the clarified stock solution can be appropriately stored based on storage conditions. As for the working solution for in vivo experiments, it is recommended to prepare freshly and use it on the same day.
    The percentages shown for the solvents indicate their volumetric ratio in the final prepared solution. If precipitation or phase separation occurs during preparation, heat and/or sonication can be used to aid dissolution.

    • Protocol 1

      Add each solvent one by one:  10% DMSO    90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline)

      Solubility: ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (7.27 mM); Clear solution

      This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (saturation unknown).

      Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (20.8 mg/mL) to 900 μL 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline, and mix evenly.

      Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C, storage for one week): 2 g SBE-β-CD powder is dissolved in 10 mL Saline, completely dissolve until clear.

    For the following dissolution methods, please prepare the working solution directly. It is recommended to prepare fresh solutions and use them promptly within a short period of time.
    The percentages shown for the solvents indicate their volumetric ratio in the final prepared solution. If precipitation or phase separation occurs during preparation, heat and/or sonication can be used to aid dissolution.

    • Protocol 1

      Add each solvent one by one:  50% PEG300    50% Saline

      Solubility: 20 mg/mL (69.87 mM); Clear solution; Need ultrasonic

    In Vivo Dissolution Calculator
    Please enter the basic information of animal experiments:

    Dosage

    mg/kg

    Animal weight
    (per animal)

    g

    Dosing volume
    (per animal)

    μL

    Number of animals

    Recommended: Prepare an additional quantity of animals to account for potential losses during experiments.
    Please enter your animal formula composition:
    %
    DMSO +
    +
    %
    Tween-80 +
    %
    Saline
    Recommended: Keep the proportion of DMSO in working solution below 2% if your animal is weak.
    The co-solvents required include: DMSO, . All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE). , Tween 80. All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE).
    Calculation results:
    Working solution concentration: mg/mL
    Method for preparing stock solution: mg drug dissolved in μL  DMSO (Stock solution concentration: mg/mL).
    The concentration of the stock solution you require exceeds the measured solubility. The following solution is for reference only. If necessary, please contact MedChemExpress (MCE).
    Method for preparing in vivo working solution for animal experiments: Take μL DMSO stock solution, add μL . μL , mix evenly, next add μL Tween 80, mix evenly, then add μL Saline.
     If the continuous dosing period exceeds half a month, please choose this protocol carefully.
    Please ensure that the stock solution in the first step is dissolved to a clear state, and add co-solvents in sequence. You can use ultrasonic heating (ultrasonic cleaner, recommended frequency 20-40 kHz), vortexing, etc. to assist dissolution.
    Purity & Documentation

    Purity: 99.51%

    References

    Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

    * Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
    Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.

    Optional Solvent Concentration Solvent Mass 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg 25 mg
    DMSO 1 mM 3.4936 mL 17.4679 mL 34.9357 mL 87.3393 mL
    5 mM 0.6987 mL 3.4936 mL 6.9871 mL 17.4679 mL
    10 mM 0.3494 mL 1.7468 mL 3.4936 mL 8.7339 mL
    15 mM 0.2329 mL 1.1645 mL 2.3290 mL 5.8226 mL
    20 mM 0.1747 mL 0.8734 mL 1.7468 mL 4.3670 mL
    25 mM 0.1397 mL 0.6987 mL 1.3974 mL 3.4936 mL
    30 mM 0.1165 mL 0.5823 mL 1.1645 mL 2.9113 mL
    40 mM 0.0873 mL 0.4367 mL 0.8734 mL 2.1835 mL
    50 mM 0.0699 mL 0.3494 mL 0.6987 mL 1.7468 mL
    60 mM 0.0582 mL 0.2911 mL 0.5823 mL 1.4557 mL
    80 mM 0.0437 mL 0.2183 mL 0.4367 mL 1.0917 mL
    100 mM 0.0349 mL 0.1747 mL 0.3494 mL 0.8734 mL
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    Help & FAQs
    • Do most proteins show cross-species activity?

      Species cross-reactivity must be investigated individually for each product. Many human cytokines will produce a nice response in mouse cell lines, and many mouse proteins will show activity on human cells. Other proteins may have a lower specific activity when used in the opposite species.

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