2. NF-κB Anti-infection Autophagy
  3. NF-κB SARS-CoV Influenza Virus Autophagy Parasite
  4. Andrographolide

Andrographolide  (Synonyms: Andrographis)

Cat. No.: HY-N0191 Purity: 99.89%
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Andrographolide is a NF-κB inhibitor, which inhibits NF-κB activation through covalent modification of a cysteine residue on p50 in endothelial cells without affecting IκBα degradation or p50/p65 nuclear translocation. Andrographolide has antiviral effects.

For research use only. We do not sell to patients.

Andrographolide Chemical Structure

Andrographolide Chemical Structure

CAS No. : 5508-58-7

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10 mM * 1 mL in DMSO
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Based on 20 publication(s) in Google Scholar

Other Forms of Andrographolide:

Andrographolide Related Antibodies

Top Publications Citing Use of Products

    Andrographolide purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Front Microbiol. 2018 Oct 8;9:2407.  [Abstract]

    Immunofluorescence of VP1 expression at 10 h post-infection. There is an observable reduction in EV-D68 VP1 protein expression in ADO-treated cells compared to vehicle-treated cells on immunofluorescence assays

    Andrographolide purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Front Microbiol. 2018 Oct 8;9:2407.  [Abstract]

    Fluorescence intensity peaked at around 2 h post-infection and is quickly quenched by 3 h post-infection in vehicle-treated RD cells. ADO-treated cells exhibit limited fluorescence.

    Andrographolide purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Front Microbiol. 2018 Oct 8;9:2407.  [Abstract]

    RD cells are pretreated with andrographolide or DMSO vehicle overnight and subsequently infected with EV-D68. Immunoblotting of VP1 expression at 2, 4, 8, 12 h post-infection. There is an observable reduction in EV-D68 VP1 protein expression in ADO-treated cells compared to vehicle-treated cells on immunoblotting.

    View All NF-κB Isoform Specific Products:

    View All Isoforms
    NF-κB NF-κB1/p50 RelA/p65 RelB c-Rel

    View All Parasite Isoform Specific Products:

    View All Isoforms
    Amebae Coccidia Leishmania Mite Plasmodium Toxoplasma Trypanosoma Schistosome

    • Biological Activity

    • Protocol

    • Purity & Documentation

    • References

    • Customer Review

    Description

    Andrographolide is a NF-κB inhibitor, which inhibits NF-κB activation through covalent modification of a cysteine residue on p50 in endothelial cells without affecting IκBα degradation or p50/p65 nuclear translocation. Andrographolide has antiviral effects.

    IC50 & Target[1]

    p50

     

    In Vitro

    Andrographolide (AP) concentration-dependently suppresses receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa B ligand (RANKL)-mediated osteoclast differentiation and bone resorption in vitro and reduces the expression of osteoclast-specific markers. Andrographolide attenuates inflammation by inhibition of TNFα-induced NF-κB activation through covalent modification of reduced Cys62 of p50, without affecting IκBα degradation or p50/p65 nuclear translocation. Andrographolide also inhibits the ERK/MAPK signalling pathway without affecting p38 or JNK signalling. Andrographolide inhibits osteoclast differentiation of RAW 264.7 cells in a concentration-dependent manner. Andrographolide suppresses osteoclast formation in a concentration-dependent manner without any obvious cytotoxic effects, in both BMMs and RAW 264.7 cells. Andrographolide treatment substantially reduces the area of bone resorption. Only approximately 30% of the bone resorption observed in the control group is achieved after treatment with 2.5 μM Andrographolide. Osteoclastic bone resorption is almost completely inhibited after treatment with 10 μM Andrographolide[1].

    MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

    Andrographolide Related Antibodies
    In Vivo

    Treatment with Andrographolide (5 or 30 mg/kg) reduces the extent of bone loss induced by LPS. Moreover, Andrographolide slightly increases the BMD and cortex thickness compared to LPS treatment. Histological examination confirms the protective effects of Andrographolide on LPS-induced bone loss. LPS injection leads to inflammatory bone erosion and increased numbers of TRAP-positive osteoclasts[1].

    MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
    Clinical Trial
    Molecular Weight

    350.45

    Formula

    C20H30O5
    CAS No.
    Appearance

    Solid

    Color

    White to off-white

    SMILES

    O=C1OC[C@@H](O)/C1=C\C[C@@H]2C(CC[C@]3([H])[C@](C)(CO)[C@H](O)CC[C@@]23C)=C
    Structure Classification
    Initial Source
    Shipping

    Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.
    Storage
    Powder -20°C 3 years
    4°C 2 years
    In solvent -80°C 1 year
    -20°C 6 months
    Solvent & Solubility
    In Vitro: 

    DMSO : 100 mg/mL (285.35 mM; Need ultrasonic; Hygroscopic DMSO has a significant impact on the solubility of product, please use newly opened DMSO)

    H2O : 0.1 mg/mL (0.29 mM; Need ultrasonic)

    Preparing
    Stock Solutions
    Concentration Solvent Mass 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg
    1 mM 2.8535 mL 14.2674 mL 28.5347 mL
    5 mM 0.5707 mL 2.8535 mL 5.7069 mL
    View the Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

    * Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
    Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 1 year; -20°C, 6 months. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 1 year. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 6 months.

    * Note: If you choose water as the stock solution, please dilute it to the working solution, then filter and sterilize it with a 0.22 μm filter before use.

    • Molarity Calculator

    • Dilution Calculator

    Mass (g) = Concentration (mol/L) × Volume (L) × Molecular Weight (g/mol)

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    Concentration (start) × Volume (start) = Concentration (final) × Volume (final)

    This equation is commonly abbreviated as: C1V1 = C2V2

    Concentration (start)

    C1

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    Volume (start)

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    In Vivo:

    Select the appropriate dissolution method based on your experimental animal and administration route.

    For the following dissolution methods, please ensure to first prepare a clear stock solution using an In Vitro approach and then sequentially add co-solvents:
    To ensure reliable experimental results, the clarified stock solution can be appropriately stored based on storage conditions. As for the working solution for in vivo experiments, it is recommended to prepare freshly and use it on the same day.
    The percentages shown for the solvents indicate their volumetric ratio in the final prepared solution. If precipitation or phase separation occurs during preparation, heat and/or sonication can be used to aid dissolution.

    • Protocol 1

      Add each solvent one by one:  10% DMSO    40% PEG300    5% Tween-80    45% Saline

      Solubility: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (7.13 mM); Clear solution

      This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (saturation unknown).

      Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (25.0 mg/mL) to 400 μL PEG300, and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 and mix evenly; then add 450 μL Saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL.

      Preparation of Saline: Dissolve 0.9 g sodium chloride in ddH₂O and dilute to 100 mL to obtain a clear Saline solution.
    • Protocol 2

      Add each solvent one by one:  10% DMSO    90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline)

      Solubility: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (7.13 mM); Clear solution

      This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (saturation unknown).

      Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (25.0 mg/mL) to 900 μL 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline, and mix evenly.

      Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C, storage for one week): 2 g SBE-β-CD powder is dissolved in 10 mL Saline, completely dissolve until clear.
    In Vivo Dissolution Calculator
    Please enter the basic information of animal experiments:

    Dosage

    mg/kg

    Animal weight
    (per animal)

    g

    Dosing volume
    (per animal)

    μL

    Number of animals

    Recommended: Prepare an additional quantity of animals to account for potential losses during experiments.
    Please enter your animal formula composition:
    %
    DMSO +
    % 
    +
    %
    Tween-80 +
    %
    Saline
    Recommended: Keep the proportion of DMSO in working solution below 2% if your animal is weak.
    The co-solvents required include: DMSO, . All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE). , Tween 80. All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE).
    Calculation results:
    Working solution concentration: mg/mL
    Method for preparing stock solution: mg drug dissolved in μL  DMSO (Stock solution concentration: mg/mL).
    The concentration of the stock solution you require exceeds the measured solubility. The following solution is for reference only. If necessary, please contact MedChemExpress (MCE).
    Method for preparing in vivo working solution for animal experiments: Take μL DMSO stock solution, add μL . μL , mix evenly, next add μL Tween 80, mix evenly, then add μL Saline.
     If the continuous dosing period exceeds half a month, please choose this protocol carefully.
    Please ensure that the stock solution in the first step is dissolved to a clear state, and add co-solvents in sequence. You can use ultrasonic heating (ultrasonic cleaner, recommended frequency 20-40 kHz), vortexing, etc. to assist dissolution.
    Purity & Documentation

    Purity: 99.89%

    COA (254 KB) LCMS (265 KB)

    Handling Instructions (2659 KB)
    References
    Kinase Assay
    [1]

    In vitro osteoclastogenesis assays are preformed to examine the effects of Andrographolide on osteoclast differentiation. Bone marrow macrophages (BMM) cells are prepared. Briefly, cells extracted from the femur and tibiae of a 6-week-old C57/BL6 mouse are incubated in complete cell culture media and 30 ng/mL M-CSF in a T-75 cm2 flask for proliferation. When changing the medium, the cells are washed in order to deplete residual stromal cells. After reaching 90% confluence, cells are washed with PBS three times and trypsinized for 30 min to harvest BMMs. Cells adhering to the bottom of the dish are classified as BMMs; these BMMs are plated in 96-well plates at a density of 8×103 cells per well in triplicate and incubated in a humidified incubator containing 5% CO2 at 37°C for 24 h. The cells are then treated with various concentrations of Andrographolide (0, 2.5, 5, or 10 μM) plus M-CSF (30 ng/mL) and RANKL (50 ng/mL). After 5 days, cells are fixed and stained for tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) activity. TRAP-positive multinucleated cells with more than five nuclei are counted as osteoclasts[1].

    MCE has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
    Cell Assay
    [1]

    Effects of Andrographolide on cell proliferation are determined with a CCK-8. BMMs are plated in 96-well plates at a density of 3×103 cells per well in triplicate. Twenty-four hours later, the cells are treated with increasing concentrations of Andrographolide (0, 2.5, 5, 10 or 20 μM) for 2 days. Next, 10 μL CCK-8 is added to each well, and the plates are then incubated at 37°C for an additional 2 h. The optical density (OD) is then measured with an ELX800 absorbance microplate reader at a wavelength of 450 nm (650 nm reference). The cell viability is calculated[1].

    MCE has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
    Animal Administration
    [1]

    Mice[1]
    C57BL/6 mice (8 weeks old) are divided into four groups of seven mice each. Mice are injected i.p. with Andrographolide (5 or 30 mg/kg body weight) or PBS as a control 1 day before injection of LPS (5 μg/g body weight). Andrographolide or PBS is injected intraperitoneally every other day for 8 days. LPS is injected intraperitoneally on days one and four. All mice are killed 8 days after the initial LPS injection, and the left femurs of all animals are scanned with a high-resolution micro-CT at a resolution of 9 μm.

    MCE has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
    References

    Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

    * Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
    Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 1 year; -20°C, 6 months. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 1 year. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 6 months.

    Optional Solvent Concentration Solvent Mass 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg 25 mg
    DMSO 1 mM 2.8535 mL 14.2674 mL 28.5347 mL 71.3369 mL
    5 mM 0.5707 mL 2.8535 mL 5.7069 mL 14.2674 mL
    10 mM 0.2853 mL 1.4267 mL 2.8535 mL 7.1337 mL
    15 mM 0.1902 mL 0.9512 mL 1.9023 mL 4.7558 mL
    20 mM 0.1427 mL 0.7134 mL 1.4267 mL 3.5668 mL
    25 mM 0.1141 mL 0.5707 mL 1.1414 mL 2.8535 mL
    30 mM 0.0951 mL 0.4756 mL 0.9512 mL 2.3779 mL
    40 mM 0.0713 mL 0.3567 mL 0.7134 mL 1.7834 mL
    50 mM 0.0571 mL 0.2853 mL 0.5707 mL 1.4267 mL
    60 mM 0.0476 mL 0.2378 mL 0.4756 mL 1.1889 mL
    80 mM 0.0357 mL 0.1783 mL 0.3567 mL 0.8917 mL
    100 mM 0.0285 mL 0.1427 mL 0.2853 mL 0.7134 mL

    * Note: If you choose water as the stock solution, please dilute it to the working solution, then filter and sterilize it with a 0.22 μm filter before use.

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    Andrographolide Related Classifications

    Help & FAQs
    • Do most proteins show cross-species activity?

      Species cross-reactivity must be investigated individually for each product. Many human cytokines will produce a nice response in mouse cell lines, and many mouse proteins will show activity on human cells. Other proteins may have a lower specific activity when used in the opposite species.

    Keywords:

    Andrographolide5508-58-7AndrographisNF-κBSARS-CoVInfluenza VirusAutophagyParasiteNuclear factor-κBNuclear factor-kappaBSARS coronavirusInhibitorinhibitorinhibit

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