2. Cell Cycle/DNA Damage Antibody-drug Conjugate/ADC Related Anti-infection Autophagy Apoptosis
  3. Topoisomerase DNA/RNA Synthesis ADC Cytotoxin Bacterial Autophagy Apoptosis Antibiotic
  4. Daunorubicin hydrochloride

Daunorubicin hydrochloride  (Synonyms: Daunomycin hydrochloride; RP 13057 hydrochloride; Rubidomycin hydrochloride)

Cat. No.: HY-13062 Purity: 99.62%
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Daunorubicin (Daunomycin) hydrochloride is a topoisomerase II inhibitor with potent anti-tumor activity. Daunorubicin hydrochloride inhibits DNA and RNA synthesis. Daunorubicin hydrochloride is a cytotoxin that inhibits cancer cell viability and induces apoptosis and necrosis. Daunorubicin hydrochloride is also an anthracycline antibiotic. Daunorubicin hydrochloride can be used in the research of infection and variety of cancers, including leukemia, non-Hodgkin lymphomas, Ewing's sarcoma, Wilms' tumor.

For research use only. We do not sell to patients.

Daunorubicin hydrochloride Chemical Structure

Daunorubicin hydrochloride Chemical Structure

CAS No. : 23541-50-6

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10 mM * 1 mL in DMSO
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Based on 23 publication(s) in Google Scholar

Other Forms of Daunorubicin hydrochloride:

Daunorubicin hydrochloride Related Antibodies

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Description

Daunorubicin (Daunomycin) hydrochloride is a topoisomerase II inhibitor with potent anti-tumor activity. Daunorubicin hydrochloride inhibits DNA and RNA synthesis. Daunorubicin hydrochloride is a cytotoxin that inhibits cancer cell viability and induces apoptosis and necrosis. Daunorubicin hydrochloride is also an anthracycline antibiotic. Daunorubicin hydrochloride can be used in the research of infection and variety of cancers, including leukemia, non-Hodgkin lymphomas, Ewing's sarcoma, Wilms' tumor[1][2][4][5].

IC50 & Target[1][2]

Topoisomerase II

 

Daunorubicins/Doxorubicins

 

In Vitro

Daunorubicin hydrochloride (0-256 μg/mL, 30 min) inhibits DNA and RNA synthesis in sensitive and resistant Ehrlich ascites tumor cells[2].
Daunorubicin hydrochloride (7 nM-1.9 μM, 72 h) shows chemosensitivity in Molt-4 cells and L3.6 cells[3][4].
Daunorubicin hydrochloride (0.4 μM, 48 h) induces apoptotic and necrosis in L3.6 cells[4].
Daunorubicin hydrochloride (0.4 μM, 120 min) induces ROS generation in L3.6 cells[4].
Daunorubicin hydrochloride (2 μM, 24 h) induces autophagy in K562 cells (myeloid cell line)[6].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

Daunorubicin hydrochloride Related Antibodies

Cell Viability Assay[3][4]

Cell Line: Molt-4 cells (a human T-lymphoblastic leukemia cell line), L3.6 cells (metastatic human pancreatic cell line)
Concentration: 7 nM-1.9 μM
Incubation Time: 72 h
Result: Inhibited cell viability with IC50 values of 40 nM (Molt-4) and 400 nM (L3.6).

Apoptosis Analysis[4]

Cell Line: L3.6 cells
Concentration: 0.4 μM
Incubation Time: 72 h
Result: Induced necrosis without apoptosis at 24 h, induced both an apoptotic and extensive necrotic response at 48 h.

Western Blot Analysis[6]:

Cell Line: K562 cells
Concentration: 2 μM
Incubation Time: 24 h
Result: Enabled the switch of LC3-I into LC3-II, accompanied with a significant increased expression level of LC3.
In Vivo

Daunorubicin hydrochloride (intravenous injection, 3 mg/kg, three times at 48 h intervals.) produces cardiotoxicity and nephrotoxicity in rats[5].
Daunorubicin hydrochloride (intraperitoneal injection, 10 mg/kg) induces sister chromatid exchanges in mice[7].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

Animal Model: Male Sprague-Dawley rats[5]
Dosage: 3 mg/kg
Administration: Intravenous injection, three times at 48 h intervals.
Result: Caused a significant increase in MDA (malondialdehyde) level in renal tissue, accompanied by a significant reduction in total GPx activity.
Increased urinary protein excretion, serum creatinine, and BUN level.
Clinical Trial
Molecular Weight

563.98

Formula

C27H30ClNO10
CAS No.
Appearance

Solid

Color

Pink to red

SMILES

O=C(C(C(OC)=CC=C1)=C1C2=O)C3=C2C(O)=C(C[C@@](O)(C(C)=O)C[C@@H]4O[C@@]5([H])C[C@H](N)[C@H](O)[C@H](C)O5)C4=C3O.[H]Cl
Structure Classification
Initial Source

Streptomyces coeruleorubidus
Shipping

Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.
Storage

4°C, sealed storage, away from moisture and light

*In solvent : -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (sealed storage, away from moisture and light)

Solvent & Solubility
In Vitro: 

DMSO : 50 mg/mL (88.66 mM; Need ultrasonic; Hygroscopic DMSO has a significant impact on the solubility of product, please use newly opened DMSO)

H2O : ≥ 34 mg/mL (60.29 mM)

*"≥" means soluble, but saturation unknown.

Preparing
Stock Solutions
Concentration Solvent Mass 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg
1 mM 1.7731 mL 8.8656 mL 17.7311 mL
5 mM 0.3546 mL 1.7731 mL 3.5462 mL
View the Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

* Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (sealed storage, away from moisture and light). When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.

* Note: If you choose water as the stock solution, please dilute it to the working solution, then filter and sterilize it with a 0.22 μm filter before use.

  • Molarity Calculator

  • Dilution Calculator

Mass (g) = Concentration (mol/L) × Volume (L) × Molecular Weight (g/mol)

Mass
=
Concentration
×
Volume
×
Molecular Weight *

Concentration (start) × Volume (start) = Concentration (final) × Volume (final)

This equation is commonly abbreviated as: C1V1 = C2V2

Concentration (start)

C1

×
Volume (start)

V1

=
Concentration (final)

C2

×
Volume (final)

V2

In Vivo:

Select the appropriate dissolution method based on your experimental animal and administration route.

For the following dissolution methods, please ensure to first prepare a clear stock solution using an In Vitro approach and then sequentially add co-solvents:
To ensure reliable experimental results, the clarified stock solution can be appropriately stored based on storage conditions. As for the working solution for in vivo experiments, it is recommended to prepare freshly and use it on the same day.
The percentages shown for the solvents indicate their volumetric ratio in the final prepared solution. If precipitation or phase separation occurs during preparation, heat and/or sonication can be used to aid dissolution.

  • Protocol 1

    Add each solvent one by one:  10% DMSO    40% PEG300    5% Tween-80    45% Saline

    Solubility: ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (3.69 mM); Clear solution

    This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (saturation unknown).

    Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (20.8 mg/mL) to 400 μL PEG300, and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 and mix evenly; then add 450 μL Saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL.

    Preparation of Saline: Dissolve 0.9 g sodium chloride in ddH₂O and dilute to 100 mL to obtain a clear Saline solution.
  • Protocol 2

    Add each solvent one by one:  10% DMSO    90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline)

    Solubility: ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (3.69 mM); Clear solution

    This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (saturation unknown).

    Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (20.8 mg/mL) to 900 μL 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline, and mix evenly.

    Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C, storage for one week): 2 g SBE-β-CD powder is dissolved in 10 mL Saline, completely dissolve until clear.

For the following dissolution methods, please prepare the working solution directly. It is recommended to prepare fresh solutions and use them promptly within a short period of time.
The percentages shown for the solvents indicate their volumetric ratio in the final prepared solution. If precipitation or phase separation occurs during preparation, heat and/or sonication can be used to aid dissolution.

  • Protocol 1

    Add each solvent one by one:  PBS

    Solubility: 33.33 mg/mL (59.10 mM); Clear solution; Need ultrasonic

In Vivo Dissolution Calculator
Please enter the basic information of animal experiments:

Dosage

mg/kg

Animal weight
(per animal)

g

Dosing volume
(per animal)

μL

Number of animals

Recommended: Prepare an additional quantity of animals to account for potential losses during experiments.
Calculation results:
Working solution concentration: mg/mL
This product has good water solubility, please refer to the measured solubility data in water/PBS/Saline for details.
The concentration of the stock solution you require exceeds the measured solubility. The following solution is for reference only.If necessary, please contact MedChemExpress (MCE).
Purity & Documentation

Purity: 99.62%

COA (258 KB) HNMR (134 KB) LCMS (96 KB)

Handling Instructions (2659 KB)
References

Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

* Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (sealed storage, away from moisture and light). When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.

Optional Solvent Concentration Solvent Mass 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg 25 mg
H2O / DMSO 1 mM 1.7731 mL 8.8656 mL 17.7311 mL 44.3278 mL
5 mM 0.3546 mL 1.7731 mL 3.5462 mL 8.8656 mL
10 mM 0.1773 mL 0.8866 mL 1.7731 mL 4.4328 mL
15 mM 0.1182 mL 0.5910 mL 1.1821 mL 2.9552 mL
20 mM 0.0887 mL 0.4433 mL 0.8866 mL 2.2164 mL
25 mM 0.0709 mL 0.3546 mL 0.7092 mL 1.7731 mL
30 mM 0.0591 mL 0.2955 mL 0.5910 mL 1.4776 mL
40 mM 0.0443 mL 0.2216 mL 0.4433 mL 1.1082 mL
50 mM 0.0355 mL 0.1773 mL 0.3546 mL 0.8866 mL
60 mM 0.0296 mL 0.1478 mL 0.2955 mL 0.7388 mL
DMSO 80 mM 0.0222 mL 0.1108 mL 0.2216 mL 0.5541 mL

* Note: If you choose water as the stock solution, please dilute it to the working solution, then filter and sterilize it with a 0.22 μm filter before use.

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Daunorubicin hydrochloride Related Classifications

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  • Do most proteins show cross-species activity?

    Species cross-reactivity must be investigated individually for each product. Many human cytokines will produce a nice response in mouse cell lines, and many mouse proteins will show activity on human cells. Other proteins may have a lower specific activity when used in the opposite species.

Keywords:

Daunorubicin23541-50-6DaunomycinRP 13057RubidomycinRP13057RP-13057TopoisomeraseDNA/RNA SynthesisADC CytotoxinBacterialAutophagyApoptosisAntibioticADC PayloadAnti-tumorEhrlich ascites tumorpancreatic carcinoma leukemiacytotoxinMolt-4 cellL3.6 cellK562 cellschamomileInhibitorinhibitorinhibit

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