Kojic acid

Name: Kojic acid
Brand: MedChemExpress
SKU: HY-W050154
Rating: 4.5 (1 reviews)

Cat. No.: HY-W050154 Purity: 99.99%: FAQs
Data Sheet SDS COA Handling Instructions

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Kojic acid is a substance produced by Aspergillus oryzae that is orally effective and can also be absorbed transdermally. Kojic acid exhibits various biological activities, including anti-aging, anti-nematode, antimicrobial, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory effects. Kojic acid is a Tyrosinase inhibitor with an Mushroom Tyrosinase IC₅₀ of 182.7 μM. Kojic acid prevents melanin production by capturing copper ions that bind to the tyrosinase active site, thus inhibiting its activation. Kojic acid also suppresses the NF-κB and p21 signaling pathways in human keratinocytes. Kojic acid derivatives have anticancer activity.

For research use only. We do not sell to patients.

Kojic acid Chemical Structure

CAS No. : 501-30-4

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Solid + Solvent (Highly Recommended)
10 mM * 1 mL in DMSO ready for reconstitution	USD 55	In-stock	Estimated Time of Arrival: December 31
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10 mM * 1 mL in DMSO	USD 55	In-stock	Estimated Time of Arrival: December 31
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1 g	USD 30	In-stock	Estimated Time of Arrival: December 31
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Based on 1 publication(s) in Google Scholar

Other Forms of Kojic acid:

Kojic acid-¹³C₆ Get quote
Kojic acid (Standard) Get quote

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Biological Activity
Purity & Documentation
References
Customer Review

Description

Cellular Effect

Cell Line	Type	Value	Description	References
A-375	GI₅₀	> 100 μM Compound: 1; KA	Cytotoxicity against human A-375 cells assessed as reduction in cell viability incubated for 72 hrs by MTT assay Cytotoxicity against human A-375 cells assessed as reduction in cell viability incubated for 72 hrs by MTT assay	[PMID: 35114540]
B16	IC₅₀	> 50 μM Compound: Kojic acid	Inhibition of alpha-MSH-induced melanin production in mouse B16 cells after 48 hrs Inhibition of alpha-MSH-induced melanin production in mouse B16 cells after 48 hrs	[PMID: 20149498]
B16	IC₅₀	> 500 μM Compound: Kojic acid	Inhibition of alpha-MSH-stimulated melanin production in mouse B16 cells after 72 hrs by microplate reader analysis Inhibition of alpha-MSH-stimulated melanin production in mouse B16 cells after 72 hrs by microplate reader analysis	[PMID: 26706112]
B16	IC₅₀	111 μM Compound: Kojic acid	Antimelanogenic activity in mouse B16 cells assessed as inhibition of intracellular melanin accumulation after 2 days Antimelanogenic activity in mouse B16 cells assessed as inhibition of intracellular melanin accumulation after 2 days	[PMID: 19524439]
B16	IC₅₀	15.8 μM Compound: Kojic acid	Inhibition of alpha-MSH -stimulated melanogenesis in mouse B16 cells assessed as melanin release after 72 hrs by spectrometric analysis Inhibition of alpha-MSH -stimulated melanogenesis in mouse B16 cells assessed as melanin release after 72 hrs by spectrometric analysis	[PMID: 21978680]
B16	IC₅₀	39 μM Compound: Kojic acid	Inhibition of melanin production in alpha-MSH stimulated mouse B16 cells after 72 hrs by spectrophotometry Inhibition of melanin production in alpha-MSH stimulated mouse B16 cells after 72 hrs by spectrophotometry	[PMID: 23623417]
B16	IC₅₀	5.5 μg/mL Compound: Kojic acid	Inhibition of alpha-MSH-stimulated melanogenesis in mouse B16 cells assessed as melanin release after 72 hrs Inhibition of alpha-MSH-stimulated melanogenesis in mouse B16 cells assessed as melanin release after 72 hrs	[PMID: 22450129]
B16	IC₅₀	70 μM Compound: Kojic acid	Antimelanogenic activity at alpha-MSH-stimulated mouse melanoma B16 cells after 3 days by spectrophotometry Antimelanogenic activity at alpha-MSH-stimulated mouse melanoma B16 cells after 3 days by spectrophotometry	[PMID: 22217872]
B16	IC₅₀	70 μM Compound: Kojic acid	Inhibition of alpha-MSH-induced melanin production in mouse B16 cells after 3 days Inhibition of alpha-MSH-induced melanin production in mouse B16 cells after 3 days	[PMID: 21601449]
B16	IC₅₀	70 μM Compound: kojic acid	Inhibition of alpha-MSH-induced melanin production in mouse B16 cells after 72 hrs Inhibition of alpha-MSH-induced melanin production in mouse B16 cells after 72 hrs	[PMID: 20097083]
B16	IC₅₀	70 μM Compound: Kojic acid	Inhibition of alpha-MSH-induced melanin production in mouse B16 cells after 72 hrs Inhibition of alpha-MSH-induced melanin production in mouse B16 cells after 72 hrs	[PMID: 20044259]
B16-F10	IC₅₀	144.4 μM Compound: 1a; KA	Cytotoxicity against mouse B16-F10 cells assessed as reduction in cell viability by MTT assay Cytotoxicity against mouse B16-F10 cells assessed as reduction in cell viability by MTT assay	[PMID: 32652434]
B16-F10	IC₅₀	500 μM Compound: Kojic acid	Antimelanogenic activity in mouse B16F10 cells assessed as inhibition of melanin production after 4 days Antimelanogenic activity in mouse B16F10 cells assessed as inhibition of melanin production after 4 days	[PMID: 25597012]
B16-F10	IC₅₀	84.54 μM Compound: Kojic acid	Inhibition of alpha-MSH-induced melanogenesis in mouse B16F10 cells after 3 days by spectrophotometric analysis Inhibition of alpha-MSH-induced melanogenesis in mouse B16F10 cells after 3 days by spectrophotometric analysis	[PMID: 23063404]
BV-2	IC₅₀	> 500 μM Compound: KA	Cytotoxicity against mouse BV-2 cells assessed as reduction in cell viability incubated for 24 hrs by MTT assay Cytotoxicity against mouse BV-2 cells assessed as reduction in cell viability incubated for 24 hrs by MTT assay	[PMID: 36846369]
G-361	IC₅₀	571.17 μM Compound: Kojic acid	Competitive inhibition of tyrosinase in human G-361 cells incubated for 10 mins measured for 2 hrs by MBTH-based spectrophotometry Competitive inhibition of tyrosinase in human G-361 cells incubated for 10 mins measured for 2 hrs by MBTH-based spectrophotometry	[PMID: 25288494]
H9c2	IC₅₀	> 500 μM Compound: KA	Cytotoxicity against rat H9c2 cells assessed as reduction in cell viability incubated for 24 hrs by MTT assay Cytotoxicity against rat H9c2 cells assessed as reduction in cell viability incubated for 24 hrs by MTT assay	[PMID: 36846369]
HEK293	IC₅₀	2 μM Compound: 6a, Kojic acid	Inhibition of human recombinant DAAO expressed in HEK293 cell lysate assessed as D-Serine conversion to H2O2 after 20 mins by spectrophotometric analysis Inhibition of human recombinant DAAO expressed in HEK293 cell lysate assessed as D-Serine conversion to H2O2 after 20 mins by spectrophotometric analysis	[PMID: 23683589]
HFF	IC₅₀	> 150 μM Compound: 1a; KA	Cytotoxicity against human HFF cells assessed as reduction in cell viability by MTT assay Cytotoxicity against human HFF cells assessed as reduction in cell viability by MTT assay	[PMID: 32652434]
HT-22	IC₅₀	> 500 μM Compound: KA	Cytotoxicity against mouse HT-22 cells assessed as reduction in cell viability incubated for 24 hrs by MTT assay Cytotoxicity against mouse HT-22 cells assessed as reduction in cell viability incubated for 24 hrs by MTT assay	[PMID: 36846369]
L02	IC₅₀	> 500 μM Compound: KA	Cytotoxicity against human L02 cells assessed as reduction in cell viability incubated for 24 hrs by MTT assay Cytotoxicity against human L02 cells assessed as reduction in cell viability incubated for 24 hrs by MTT assay	[PMID: 36846369]
Melan-a	IC₅₀	1.6 mM Compound: 1	Depigmentation activity in mouse Melan-a cells assessed as inhibition of melanin formation after 4 days Depigmentation activity in mouse Melan-a cells assessed as inhibition of melanin formation after 4 days	[PMID: 22071299]
Melan-a	IC₅₀	1.64 mM Compound: 1, Kojic acid	Depigmentation activity in mouse Melan-a cells after 4 days by spectrophotometry Depigmentation activity in mouse Melan-a cells after 4 days by spectrophotometry	[PMID: 22579419]
Melan-a	IC₅₀	3.5 mM Compound: 1	Cytotoxicity against mouse Melan-a cells by modified crystal voilet assay Cytotoxicity against mouse Melan-a cells by modified crystal voilet assay	[PMID: 22071299]
Melan-a	IC₅₀	3.53 mM Compound: 1, Kojic acid	Cytotoxicity against mouse Melan-a cells after 4 days by crystal voilet method Cytotoxicity against mouse Melan-a cells after 4 days by crystal voilet method	[PMID: 22579419]
RAW264.7	IC₅₀	> 100 μM Compound: 1	Cytotoxicity against mouse RAW264.7 cells after 24 hrs by MTT assay Cytotoxicity against mouse RAW264.7 cells after 24 hrs by MTT assay	[PMID: 20934336]
RAW264.7	IC₅₀	89.41 μM Compound: 1	Antiinflammatory activity in mouse RAW264.7 cells assessed as inhibition of LPS-induced nitric oxide production treated for 30 mins before LPS challenge measured after 24 hrs by Griess reagent method Antiinflammatory activity in mouse RAW264.7 cells assessed as inhibition of LPS-induced nitric oxide production treated for 30 mins before LPS challenge measured after 24 hrs by Griess reagent method	[PMID: 20934336]
SH-SY5Y	IC₅₀	> 500 μM Compound: KA	Cytotoxicity against human SH-SY5Y cells assessed as reduction in cell viability incubated for 24 hrs by MTT assay Cytotoxicity against human SH-SY5Y cells assessed as reduction in cell viability incubated for 24 hrs by MTT assay	[PMID: 36846369]

In Vitro

Kojic acid (1000 μM, 7 days) enhances the cell migration ability of HCEC cells and exhibits anti-aging activity^[1].
Kojic acid (1000 μM, 7 days) may alleviate the angiogenesis of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC), induced by senescent supernatant of HCEC cells, through NF-κB and p21 signaling pathways^[1].
Kojic acid (1.4-1000 μg/mL, 3 days) exhibits dose-dependent mortality and hatch inhibition rates against Meloidogyne incognita, with EC50 values of 195.2 μg/mL and 238.3 μg/mL, respectively^[4].
Kojic acid (500 or 1000 µM, 72 h) reduces tyrosinase expression in B16-4A5 and HMV-II cells, indicating that kojic acid inhibits melanogenesis by suppressing tyrosinase activity^[6].
Kojic acid (10-2500 μM, 7 days) does not significantly affect the viability of HCEC cells^[1].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

Cell Viability Assay^[1]

Cell Line:	HCEC-B4G12 cells (human corneal endothelial cell line)
Concentration:	10, 100 , 1000, 2500, 5000 μM
Incubation Time:	7 days
Result:	Did not influence the cell viability of HCEC after 7 days' treatment at 10-2500 μM but decreased the cell viability a little bit at 5000 μM.

Cell Migration Assay ^[1]

Cell Line:	HCEC-B4G12 cells (human corneal endothelial cell line)
Concentration:	1000 μM
Incubation Time:	7 days
Result:	Delayed the reduction in cell migration ability caused by aging in HCEC cells.

Western Blot Analysis^[1]

Cell Line:	HCEC-B4G12 cells (human corneal endothelial cell line)
Concentration:	1000 μM
Incubation Time:	7 days
Result:	Inhibited the abnormal high expression of galectin 8, laminin α1, laminin α2, laminin γ1, and p21 in senescent HCEC, as well as the significant decrease in p-NF-κB protein expression.

In Vivo

Kojic acid (50 mg/kg, p.o., once daily for 3 weeks) exhibits antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities in a mouse model of Alzheimer's disease induced by β-Amyloid (1-42), human (HY-P1363A) ^[8].
Kojic acid (4, 6.4, 10, 16 g/kg, p.o., single dose) does not exhibit significant toxicity in acute oral studies in JCL-Wistar rats^[2].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

Animal Model:	β-Amyloid (1-42), human (HY-P1363A)-Induced Mouse Model of Alzheimer's Disease^[8]
Dosage:	50 mg/kg
Administration:	Oral gavage, once daily for 3 weeks
Result:	Ameliorated β-Amyloid (1-42), human (HY-P1363A)-induced glial cell activation and reduced inflammatory markers in the hippocampus. Reduced ROS and lipid peroxidase levels in Alzheimer's Disease mice model

Animal Model:	JCL-Wistar rats^[2]
Dosage:	4, 6.4, 10, 16 g/kg
Administration:	Oral gavage (p.o.),single dose
Result:	Had an oral LD50 in rats greater than 2 g/kg in acute toxicity studies^[2].

Molecular Weight

142.11

Formula

C₆H₆O₄

CAS No.

501-30-4

Appearance

Solid

Color

Off-white to light yellow

SMILES

O=C1C=C(CO)OC=C1O

Structure Classification

Ketones, Aldehydes, Acids

Initial Source

Microorganisms

Aspergillus, Penicillium or Acetobacter spp

Shipping

Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.

Storage

Powder	-20°C	3 years
	4°C	2 years
In solvent	-80°C	6 months
	-20°C	1 month

Solvent & Solubility

In Vitro:

DMSO : ≥ 100 mg/mL (703.68 mM; Hygroscopic DMSO has a significant impact on the solubility of product, please use newly opened DMSO)

H₂O : 50 mg/mL (351.84 mM; Need ultrasonic)

*"≥" means soluble, but saturation unknown.

Preparing
Stock Solutions

Concentration Solvent Mass	1 mg	5 mg	10 mg

1 mM	7.0368 mL	35.1840 mL	70.3680 mL
5 mM	1.4074 mL	7.0368 mL	14.0736 mL
10 mM	0.7037 mL	3.5184 mL	7.0368 mL

View the Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

* Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.

* Note: If you choose water as the stock solution, please dilute it to the working solution, then filter and sterilize it with a 0.22 μm filter before use.

Molarity Calculator
Dilution Calculator

Mass (g) = Concentration (mol/L) × Volume (L) × Molecular Weight (g/mol)

Concentration _(start) × Volume _(start) = Concentration _(final) × Volume _(final)

This equation is commonly abbreviated as: C₁V₁ = C₂V₂

Concentration _(start)

Volume _(start)

Concentration _(final)

Volume _(final)

In Vivo:

Select the appropriate dissolution method based on your experimental animal and administration route.

For the following dissolution methods, please ensure to first prepare a clear stock solution using an In Vitro approach and then sequentially add co-solvents:
To ensure reliable experimental results, the clarified stock solution can be appropriately stored based on storage conditions. As for the working solution for in vivo experiments, it is recommended to prepare freshly and use it on the same day.
The percentages shown for the solvents indicate their volumetric ratio in the final prepared solution. If precipitation or phase separation occurs during preparation, heat and/or sonication can be used to aid dissolution.

Protocol 1

Add each solvent one by one: 10% DMSO 40% PEG300 5% Tween-80 45% Saline
Solubility: 5 mg/mL (35.18 mM); Suspended solution; Need ultrasonic

This protocol yields a suspended solution of 5 mg/mL. Suspended solution can be used for oral and intraperitoneal injection.
Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (50.0 mg/mL) to 400 μL PEG300, and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 and mix evenly; then add 450 μL Saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL.
Preparation of Saline: Dissolve 0.9 g sodium chloride in ddH₂O and dilute to 100 mL to obtain a clear Saline solution.
Protocol 2

Add each solvent one by one: 10% DMSO 90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline)
Solubility: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (17.59 mM); Clear solution

This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (saturation unknown).
Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (25.0 mg/mL) to 900 μL 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline, and mix evenly.
Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C, storage for one week): 2 g SBE-β-CD powder is dissolved in 10 mL Saline, completely dissolve until clear.
Protocol 3

Add each solvent one by one: 10% DMSO 90% Corn Oil
Solubility: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (17.59 mM); Clear solution

This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (saturation unknown). If the continuous dosing period exceeds half a month, please choose this protocol carefully.
Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (25.0 mg/mL) to 900 μL Corn oil, and mix evenly.

For the following dissolution methods, please prepare the working solution directly. It is recommended to prepare fresh solutions and use them promptly within a short period of time.
The percentages shown for the solvents indicate their volumetric ratio in the final prepared solution. If precipitation or phase separation occurs during preparation, heat and/or sonication can be used to aid dissolution.

Protocol 1

Add each solvent one by one: PBS
Solubility: 14.29 mg/mL (100.56 mM); Clear solution; Need ultrasonic and warming and heat to 60°C

In Vivo Dissolution Calculator

Please enter the basic information of animal experiments:

Dosage

mg/kg

Animal weight
(per animal)

Dosing volume
(per animal)

μL

Number of animals

Recommended: Prepare an additional quantity of animals to account for potential losses during experiments.

Calculation results:

Working solution concentration: mg/mL

This product has good water solubility, please refer to the measured solubility data in water/PBS/Saline for details.

The concentration of the stock solution you require exceeds the measured solubility. The following solution is for reference only.If necessary, please contact MedChemExpress (MCE).

Purity & Documentation

Purity: 99.99%

Select Batch:

Data Sheet (281 KB) SDS (556 KB)

COA (247 KB)

Handling Instructions (2659 KB)

References

[1]. Wei X, et al. Kojic acid inhibits senescence of human corneal endothelial cells via NF-κB and p21 signaling pathways. Exp Eye Res. 2018 Dec 28;180:174-183. [Content Brief]

[2]. Burnett C L, et al. Final report of the safety assessment of kojic acid as used in cosmetics[J]. International journal of toxicology, 2010, 29(6_suppl): 244S-273S. [Content Brief]

[3]. Saeedi M, et al. Kojic acid applications in cosmetic and pharmaceutical preparations. Biomed Pharmacother. 2019 Feb;110:582-593. doi: 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.12.006. [Content Brief]

[4]. Kim T Y, et al. Nematicidal activity of kojic acid produced by Aspergillus oryzae against Meloidogyne incognita[J]. Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology, 2016, 26(8): 1383-1391. [Content Brief]

[5]. Zilles J C, et al. Biological activities and safety data of kojic acid and its derivatives: A review[J]. Experimental dermatology, 2022, 31(10): 1500-1521. [Content Brief]

[6]. Kai H, et al. Assessment of the effect of arbutin isomers and kojic acid on melanin production, tyrosinase activity, and tyrosinase expression in B16-4A5 and HMV-II melanoma cells[J]. Planta Medica Letters, 2015, 2(01): e39-e41.

[7]. Karakaya G, et al. Synthesis and cytotoxic evaluation of kojic acid derivatives with inhibitory activity on melanogenesis in human melanoma cells[J]. Anti-Cancer Agents in Medicinal Chemistry (Formerly Current Medicinal Chemistry-Anti-Cancer Agents), 2018, 18(15): 2137-2148. [Content Brief]

[8]. Khan A, et al. Antioxidative and Anti-inflammatory Effects of Kojic Acid in Aβ-Induced Mouse Model of Alzheimer's Disease. Mol Neurobiol. 2021 Oct;58(10):5127-5140. [Content Brief]

Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

Optional Solvent	Concentration Solvent Mass	1 mg	5 mg	10 mg	25 mg

H₂O / DMSO	1 mM	7.0368 mL	35.1840 mL	70.3680 mL	175.9201 mL
	5 mM	1.4074 mL	7.0368 mL	14.0736 mL	35.1840 mL
	10 mM	0.7037 mL	3.5184 mL	7.0368 mL	17.5920 mL
	15 mM	0.4691 mL	2.3456 mL	4.6912 mL	11.7280 mL
	20 mM	0.3518 mL	1.7592 mL	3.5184 mL	8.7960 mL
	25 mM	0.2815 mL	1.4074 mL	2.8147 mL	7.0368 mL
	30 mM	0.2346 mL	1.1728 mL	2.3456 mL	5.8640 mL
	40 mM	0.1759 mL	0.8796 mL	1.7592 mL	4.3980 mL
	50 mM	0.1407 mL	0.7037 mL	1.4074 mL	3.5184 mL
	60 mM	0.1173 mL	0.5864 mL	1.1728 mL	2.9320 mL
	80 mM	0.0880 mL	0.4398 mL	0.8796 mL	2.1990 mL
	100 mM	0.0704 mL	0.3518 mL	0.7037 mL	1.7592 mL

* Note: If you choose water as the stock solution, please dilute it to the working solution, then filter and sterilize it with a 0.22 μm filter before use.

Kojic acid Related Classifications

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Kojic acid

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Kojic acid

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