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CYM2503 is a putative GalR2-positive allosteric modulator. CYM2503 increases the latency to first electrographic seizure and decreases the total time in seizure. CYM2503 also attenuates electroshock-induced seizures in mice. Galanin receptors type 1 (GalR1) and/or type 2 (GalR2) represent unique pharmacological targets for the research of seizures and epilepsy .
Lamotrigine (BW430C) is a potent and orally active anticonvulsant or antiepileptic agent. Lamotrigine selectively blocks voltage-gated Na + channels, stabilizing presynaptic neuronal membranes and inhibiting glutamate release. Lamotrigine can be used for the research of epilepsy, focal seizure, et al .
CZL80, a brain-penetrable caspase-1 inhibitor with an IC50 of 0.01 μM, could be used in the study of febrile seizures and later enhanced epileptogenic susceptibility .
Sulfonadyn-47 is a GTP-competitive dynamin I (dynI) inhibitor that targets the active site in the GTPase domain of dynamin I, with IC50 values of 3.5 μM against dynI, 27.3 μM in clathrin-mediated endocytosis (CME) assays, and 12.3 μM in synaptic vesicle endocytosis (SVE) assays. Sulfonadyn-47 increases seizure threshold. Sulfonadyn-47 can be used the study for the seizure.
Lamotrigine hydrate is a potent and orally active anticonvulsant or antiepileptic agent. Lamotrigine hydrate selectively blocks voltage-gated Na + channels, stabilizing presynaptic neuronal membranes and inhibiting glutamate release. Lamotrigine hydrate can be used for the research of epilepsy, focal seizure, et al .
5,5-Diphenylbarbituric acid is an organic compound belonging to the derivatives of barbituric acid. 5,5-Diphenylbarbituric acid can be used for seizure study .
Carbamazepine 10,11-epoxide is an orally active metabolite of Carbamazepine (HY-B0246). Carbamazepine has anticonvulsant effect. Carbamazepine can be used for the research of seizures .
Pheneturide (Standard) is the analytical standard of Pheneturide. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Pheneturide (Ethylphenacemide, M 551), a decarboxylation product of Phenobarbital, can be used to prevent psychomotor seizures .
α-Guanidinoglutaric acid is a guanidino compound first found in cobaltinduced epileptogenic focus tissue in the cerebral cortex of cats. α-Guanidinoglutaric acid induces epileptic seizures in rats after intraventricular administration .
CFM-2 (Standard) is the analytical standard of CFM-2. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. CFM-2 is a potent and selective non-competitive AMPAR antagonist . CFM-2 possesses anticonvulsant activity in various models of seizures .
Lamotrigine- 13C2, 15N2,d3 is 15N and deuterated labeled Lamotrigine (HY-B0495). Lamotrigine (BW430C) is a potent and orally active anticonvulsant or antiepileptic agent. Lamotrigine selectively blocks voltage-gated Na + channels, stabilizing presynaptic neuronal membranes and inhibiting glutamate release. Lamotrigine can be used for the research of epilepsy, focal seizure, et al .
Fosphenytoin is a phosphate ester proagent developed as an alternative to intravenous phenytoin for acute intervention of seizures. Fosphenytoin has advantages including more convenient and rapid intravenous administration, availability for intramuscular injection, and low potential for adverse local reactions at injection sites .
Lamotrigine (Standard) is the analytical standard of Lamotrigine. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Lamotrigine (BW430C) is a potent and orally active anticonvulsant or antiepileptic agent. Lamotrigine selectively blocks voltage-gated Na + channels, stabilizing presynaptic neuronal membranes and inhibiting glutamate release. Lamotrigine can be used for the research of epilepsy, focal seizure, et al .
Benzolamide (CL11366) is a potent carbonic anhydrase (CA) inhibitor, with Kis of 15 nM, 9 nM, 94 nM and 78 nM for hCA I, hCA II, EcoCAγ and VchCAγ, respectively. Benzolamide also inhibits CAS3, with a Ki of 54 nM. Benzolamide can be used for the research of glaucoma and seizures .
α,β-Thujone (Standard) is the analytical standard of α,β-Thujone. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. α,β-Thujone is a component of the essential oils of some plants. α,β-Thujone causes cancers in male rats and induces seizures in the highest doses .
Carbamazepine 10,11-epoxide (Standard) is the analytical standard of Carbamazepine 10,11-epoxide. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Carbamazepine 10,11-epoxide is an orally active metabolite of Carbamazepine (HY-B0246). Carbamazepine has anticonvulsant effect. Carbamazepine can be used for the research of seizures .
Phensuximide is an orally active succinimide antiepileptic and anticonvulsant agent. Phensuximide inhibits cyclic AMP and cyclic GMP accumulation in depolarized brain tissue. Phensuximide can be used for the study of seizure and petit mal .
Nafimidone is a stable and brain-penetrant antiepileptic compound Nafimidone shows effective anticonvulsant effects in kindled amygdaloid seizure model. However, The effective window of Nafimidone is narrow, and has obvious epileptogenic effects at high doses. Nafimidone can be used for the study of epilepsy .
Benzolamide (Standard) is the analytical standard of Benzolamide. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Benzolamide (CL11366) is a potent carbonic anhydrase (CA) inhibitor, with Kis of 15 nM, 9 nM, 94 nM and 78 nM for hCA I, hCA II, EcoCAγ and VchCAγ, respectively. Benzolamide also inhibits CAS3, with a Ki of 54 nM. Benzolamide can be used for the research of glaucoma and seizures .
MGAT2-IN-5 (Compound 17b) is a selective inhibitor for mouse GABA transit protection subsidity 2 (mGAT2) with an IC50 of 45 μM. MGAT2-IN-5 exhibits anticonvulsive efficacy in audiogenic seizure (AGS) susceptible frings mouse model with an ED50 of 20.4 mg/kg .
CGS 20625 is a potent, selective and orally active partial agonist for the central benzodiazepine receptor. CGS 20625 inhibits [3H]-flunitrazepam binding to central benzodiazepine receptors with an IC50 of 1.3 nM. CGS 20625 can be used for the research of pentylenetetrazol-induced seizures .
D3017 is the main metabolite of D2624, which has oral bioactivity and anti-convulsant effects. D3017 ED50 value is 1.5 mg/kg in mice, and it can be used for research on severe generalized tonic-clonic seizures (grand mal) and complex partial epilepsy .
Trimethadione (3,5,5,-Trimethyloxazolidine-2,4-dione) is an oxazolidinedione anticonvulsant agent widely used against absences seizures. Trimethadione also is a T-type calcium channel blocker which has antihyperalgesic effects .
AK-IN-1 (compound 4072-2732) is an adenosine kinase (AK) inhibitor that is competitive for adenosine (Ado) but not for ATP. AK-IN-1 inhibits 86%, 87% and 89% of AK activity at concentrations of 2, 4 and 10 µM, respectively. AK-IN-1 has good potential for research in many disease areas, including ischaemia, inflammation and seizures .
Phensuximide (Standard) is the analytical standard of Phensuximide. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Phensuximide is an orally active succinimide antiepileptic and anticonvulsant agent. Phensuximide inhibits cyclic AMP and cyclic GMP accumulation in depolarized brain tissue. Phensuximide can be used for the study of seizure and petit mal .
2-(Isopentylamino)naphthalene-1,4-dione (compound 3d), a Vitamin K (HY-B2172) analogue, shows protection in Pentylenetetrazole (PTZ)-induced seizure model. 2-(Isopentylamino)naphthalene-1,4-dione significantly increases ATP levels in zebrafish as well as HT-22 cells. 2-(Isopentylamino)naphthalene-1,4-dione shows excellent permeability into the brain .
L-803087 is a potent and selective somatostatin sst4 receptor agonist with a Ki of 0.7 nM. L-803087 is >280-fold higher than other somatostatin receptors. L-803087 facilitates AMPA-mediated hippocampal synaptic responses in vitro and increases kainate-induced seizures in mice .
L-803087 TFA is a potent and selective somatostatin sst4 receptor agonist with a Ki of 0.7 nM. L-803087 TFA is >280-fold more selective for sst4 receptor than other somatostatin receptors. L-803087 TFA facilitates AMPA-mediated hippocampal synaptic responses in vitro and increases kainate-induced seizures in mice .
Trimethadione (Standard) is the analytical standard of Trimethadione. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Trimethadione (3,5,5,-Trimethyloxazolidine-2,4-dione) is an oxazolidinedione anticonvulsant agent widely used against absences seizures. Trimethadione also is a T-type calcium channel blocker which has antihyperalgesic effects .
PF-05020182 is an orally active opener for Kv7 channel, that activates human Kv7.2/7.3, Kv7.4 and Kv7.3/7.5 with EC50 of 334, 625 and 588 nM, respectively. PF-05020182 exhibits anticonvulsant activity in rats corneal electric shock-induced tonic seizure (MES) models. PF-05020182 is blood-brain barrier (BBB) penetrable .
Kv7.2/Kv7.3 activator-2 is a BBB-penetrable Kv7.2/7.3 activator (EC50: 0.25 μM). Kv7.2/Kv7.3 activator-2 has good photostability. Kv7.2/Kv7.3 activator-2 has potently antiepileptic effects in maximal electroshock (MES) and sc-pentylenetetrazol (sc-PTZ)-induced acute mice seizure models .
JNJ-26489112, a CNS-active agent, exhibits broad-spectrum anticonvulsant activity in rodents against audiogenic, electrically-induced, and chemically-induced seizures. JNJ-26489112 inhibits voltage-gated Na + channels and N-type Ca 2+ channels, and is effective as a K + channel opener. JNJ-26489112 has very weak inhibition of CA-II (IC50=35 μM) and CA-I (18 μM) .
Carboxyatractyloside dipotassium is a diterpenoid. Carboxyatractyloside dipotassium can be isolated from plants of the genus Xanthium. Carboxyatractyloside dipotassium is an ADP/ATP carrier inhibitor, inhibiting mitochondrial ADP/ATP transport. Carboxyatractyloside dipotassium promotes ROS production, induces Ca 2+ release, and leads to mitochondrial dysfunction. Carboxyatractyloside dipotassium induces lethargy, weakness, and epileptic seizures in rats .
Carboxyatractyloside tripotassium is a diterpenoid. Carboxyatractyloside tripotassium can be isolated from plants of the genus Xanthium. Carboxyatractyloside tripotassium is an ADP/ATP carrier inhibitor, inhibiting mitochondrial ADP/ATP transport. Carboxyatractyloside tripotassium promotes ROS production, induces Ca 2+ release, and leads to mitochondrial dysfunction. Carboxyatractyloside tripotassium induces lethargy, weakness, and epileptic seizures in rats .
VU6007477 is a brain-penetrant, selective M1 positive allosteric modulator (PAM) with an EC50 value of 230 nM. VU6007477 is also a human P-glycoprotein (P-gp) substrate with moderate permeability. VU6007477 displays improved central nervous system (CNS) penetration over the hydroxylated congeners. VU6007477 a pyranyl amide derivative, which is promising for research of robust cholinergic seizure activity .
(S)-4C3HPG ((S)-4-Carboxy-3-hydroxyphenylglycine) is an antagonist of metabotropic glutamate receptor 1a (mGluR 1a) and an agonist of GluR2. (S)-4C3HPG has the anticonvulsant activity and protects against audiogenic seizures in DBA/2 mice .
N6-Cyclopentyladenosine (CPA) is a selective Adenosine A1 receptor agonist, with Ki values of 2.3 nM, 790 nM and 43 nM for human A1, A2A and A3 receptors, respectively. N6-cyclopentyladenosine increases Apoptosis. N6-Cyclopentyladenosine has antitumor activity against leukemia. N6-cyclopentyladenosine improves 5-fluorouracil (HY-90006)-induced hematopoietic damage, regulates sleep, and delays Aminophylline-induced clonic epileptic seizures .
CP 122721 is an orally active NK1 receptor antagonist. CP 122721 attenuates cisplatin-induced vomiting in ferrets (ID50: 0.08 mg/kg). CP 122721 inhibits kainate (KA)-induced seizure activity and CA1 neuronal cell death in rats. CP 122721 is useful in the study of depression, asthma, and irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) .
Tryptophol is an aromatic alcohol and secondary metabolite produced by microorganisms. Tryptophol induces apoptosis and cleavage of caspase-8. Tryptophol inhibits Cunninghamella blakesleeana biofilm. Tryptophol has anti-phage infection, biofilm formation regulation, anti-inflammatory, hemolytic, sleep induction, temperature change, seizure susceptibility and immune regulation activities. Tryptophol is used in the research of African trypanosomiasis, sleep disorders, epilepsy .
D-Leucine is a more potent anti-seizure agent than L-leucine. D-leucine potently terminates seizures even after the onset of seizure activity. D-leucine, but not L-leucine, reduces long-term potentiation but had no effect on basal synaptic transmission in vitro .
Penicillamine (D-(-)-Penicillamine) is a penicillin metabolic degradation product, can be used as a heavy metal chelator. Penicillamine reduces free copper and reduces oxidative stress. Penicillamine has effect of seizures through nitric oxide/NMDA pathways. Penicillamine is a potential immune modulator. Penicillamine can be used for the research of Wilson disease, rheumatoid arthritis, and cystinuria .
(RS)-(Tetrazol-5-yl)glycine (D,L-(tetrazol-5-yl)glycine) is a highly potent and selective N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor agonist . (RS)-(Tetrazol-5-yl)glycine has EC50s of 99 nM, 1.7 μM for GluN1/GluN2D and GluN1/GluN2A, respectively . (RS)-(Tetrazol-5-yl)glycine induces seizure responses and Fos in mice .
Opakalim (BHV-7000) is a selective and orally active Kv7.2/7.3 potassium channels activator. Opakalim shows minimal GABAA receptor activation and exhibits potent anti-seizure efficacy in the maximal electroshock seizure (MES) model. Opakalim can be used for the study of seizures .
Zonisamide (AD 810) sodium is an orally active carbonic anhydrase inhibitor, with Kis of 35.2 and 20.6 nM for hCA II and hCA V, respectively. Zonisamide sodium exerts neuroprotective effects through anti-apoptosis and upregulating MnSOD levels. Zonisamide sodium also increases the expression of Hrd1, thereby improving cardiac function in AAC rats. Zonisamide sodium can be used in studies of seizure, parkinson’s disease and cardiac hypertrophy .
Zonisamide (AD 810) is an orally active carbonic anhydrase inhibitor, with Kis of 35.2 and 20.6 nM for hCA II and hCA V, respectively. Zonisamide exerts neuroprotective effects through anti-apoptosis and upregulating MnSOD levels. Zonisamide also increases the expression of Hrd1, thereby improving cardiac function in AAC rats. Zonisamide can be used in studies of seizure, parkinson’s disease and cardiac hypertrophy .
Carboxyatractyloside (dipotassium) (Standard) is the analytical standard of Carboxyatractyloside dipotassium (HY-N2522). This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Carboxyatractyloside dipotassium is a diterpenoid. Carboxyatractyloside dipotassium can be isolated from plants of the genus Xanthium. Carboxyatractyloside dipotassium is an ADP/ATP carrier inhibitor, inhibiting mitochondrial ADP/ATP transport. Carboxyatractyloside dipotassium promotes ROS production, induces Ca 2+ release, and leads to mitochondrial dysfunction. Carboxyatractyloside dipotassium induces lethargy, weakness, and epileptic seizures in rats .
D-Leucine-d10 is the deuterium labeled D-Leucine. D-Leucine is a more potent anti-seizure agent than L-leucine. D-leucine potently terminates seizures even after the onset of seizure activity. D-leucine, but not L-leucine, reduces long-term potentiation but had no effect on basal synaptic transmission in vitro .
Penicillamine (Standard) is the analytical standard of Penicillamine. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Penicillamine (D-(-)-Penicillamine) is a penicillin metabolic degradation product, can be used as a heavy metal chelator. Penicillamine reduces free copper and reduces oxidative stress. Penicillamine has effect of seizures through nitric oxide/NMDA pathways. Penicillamine is a potential immune modulator. Penicillamine can be used for the research of Wilson disease, rheumatoid arthritis, and cystinuria .
Zonisamide (Standard) is the analytical standard of Zonisamide. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Zonisamide (AD 810) is an orally active carbonic anhydrase inhibitor, with Kis of 35.2 and 20.6 nM for hCA II and hCA V, respectively. Zonisamide exerts neuroprotective effects through anti-apoptosis and upregulating MnSOD levels. Zonisamide also increases the expression of Hrd1, thereby improving cardiac function in AAC rats. Zonisamide can be used in studies of seizure, parkinson’s disease and cardiac hypertrophy .
D-Leucine (Standard) is the analytical standard of D-Leucine. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. D-Leucine is a more potent anti-seizure agent than L-leucine. D-leucine potently terminates seizures even after the onset of seizure activity. D-leucine, but not L-leucine, reduces long-term potentiation but had no effect on basal synaptic transmission in vitro .
L-Methionine-DL-sulfoximine (MSX; MSO), a highly specific and irreversible inhibitor of Glutamine synthetase (GS), is also a potent convulsant which metabolically and morphologically primarily affects astroglia. L-Methionine-DL-sulfoximine has been employed to inhibit the Gln-dependent ammonia-stimulated neuronal toxicity in vitro, potentiating Gln deficit-dependent depression. L-Methionine-DL-sulfoximine tremendously increases the rate of release of fixed nitrogen in cyanobacteria. L-Methionine-DL-sulfoximine is a promising candidate for research in biofertilizers and convulsive seizures (CS) .
LY 201409 is an anticonvulsant compound that is an analog of LY-201116 (HY-114705) with improved metabolic activity. LY 201409 antagonizes maximal electroconvulsive-induced seizures, has mixed effects on seizures induced by multiple chemoconvulsants, and affects behavior and sleep in mice .
5-HT2 agonist-1 (Compound 24) is a 5-HT2A & 5-HT2B & 5-HT2C agonist, with IC50s of 10 nM, 8.3, and 1.6 nM respectively. 5-HT2 agonist-1 free base can be used for research of depression, alcoholism, tobacco and cocaine addiction, inflammation, cluster headache, PTSD, seizure disorders and other CNS disorders .
5-HT2 agonist-1 (Compound 24) free base is a 5-HT2A & 5-HT2B & 5-HT2C agonist, with IC50s of 10 nM, 8.3, and 1.6 nM respectively. 5-HT2 agonist-1 free base can be used for research of depression, alcoholism, tobacco and cocaine addiction, inflammation, cluster headache, PTSD, seizure disorders and other CNS disorders .
5-HT2A&5-HT2C agonist-1 (Example 2) is a 5-HT2A & 5-HT2C agonist, with IC50s of 196 nM and 0.9 nM respectively. 5-HT2A&5-HT2C agonist-1 can be used for research of depression, alcoholism, tobacco and cocaine addiction, inflammation, cluster headache, PTSD, seizure disorders and other CNS disorders .
Chlorothymol (Chlorthymol) is a potent GABAA receptor subunit LGC-37 positive modulator. Chlorothymol is an effective anticonvulsant. Chlorothymol is protective in several mouse seizure assays, including the 6-Hz 44-mA model of pharmacoresistant seizures. Chlorothymol possess GABAergic, membrane-modifying, antioxidant and topical antiseptic properties .
Kainic acid is a potent excitotoxic agent. Kainic acid hydrate also is an agonist for a subtype of ionotropic glutamate receptor. Kainic acid induces seizures .
Kainic acid hydrate is a potent excitotoxic agent. Kainic acid hydrate also is an agonist for a subtype of ionotropic glutamate receptor. Kainic acid hydrate induces seizures .
Eslicarbazepine (Standard) is the analytical standard of Eslicarbazepine. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Eslicarbazepine is an oral anticonvulsant indicated for the adjunctive treatment of partial seizures.
WWL123 analogue-1 is an analogue of WWL123. WWL123 is a potent and selective ABHD6 inhibitor with an IC50 of 430 nM . WWL123 crosses the blood-brain-barrier and inhibits ABHD6 in brain parenchyma. ABHD6 blockade by WWL123 exerts an antiepileptic effect in Pentylenetetrazole (PTZ)-induced epileptiform seizures and spontaneous seizures in R6/2 mice .
α-Androstenol (5α-Androst-16-en-3α-ol) is a steroid pheromone that has been found in boar testes and human male axillary sweat. α-Androstenol is also a positive modulator of GABAA receptors, which enhances GABA-activated currents in primary mouse cerebellar granule cells (EC50=0.4 μM). α-Androstenol decreases immobility time in the forced swim test and increases time spent in the open arms of the elevated plus maze in mice. α-Androstenol protects against seizures induced by Pentylenetetrazole or electroshock with anxiolytic-like activity in mice .
Eslicarbazepine-d4 (BIA 2-194-d4) is deuterium labeled Eslicarbazepine. Eslicarbazepine is an oral anticonvulsant indicated for the adjunctive treatment of partial seizures.
NK 1971 (NK266 orotate) is a derivative of NK266 and shows potential antifungal activity. NK 1971 may result in decreased motor skills and seizures in animals .
N-(2-Chloro-6-methylphenyl)-N'-4-pyridinylurea is an anticonvulsant agent with potential for the treatment of generalized tonic-clonic and partial seizures.
Anticonvulsant agent 7 (Compound 19) is an orally active broad-spectrum anticonvulsant that demonstrates excellent anticonvulsive activity in both the MES (maximal electroshock seizure) and 6 Hz epilepsy modelsmouse .
Eslicarbazepine-d3 (BIA 2-194-d3) is the deuterium labeled Eslicarbazepine (HY-114703). Eslicarbazepine is an oral anticonvulsant indicated for the adjunctive treatment of partial seizures.
DL-Allylglycine (2-Aminopent-4-enoic acid) is a glutamate decarboxylase (GAD) inhibitor. DL-Allylglycine has convulsant activity that can be used in studies to induce epileptic seizures .
(Rac)-Enadoline ((Rac)-CI-977 free base) is a selective K-opioid receptor agonist that stereoselectively antagonizes clonic seizures induced by slow intravenous injection of N-methyl-DL-aspartate in mice .
DL-Laudanosine (Standard) is the analytical standard of DL-Laudanosine. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. DL-Laudanosine, an Atracurium and Cisatracurium metabolite, crosses the blood–brain barrier and may cause excitement and seizure activity .
SB-357134 is a potent, selective, brain penetrant, and orally active 5-HT6 receptor antagonist. SB-357134 enhances memory and learning and increases seizure threshold in rats .
Soretolide is an antiepileptic agent. Soretolide is effective in maximal electroshock-induced seizure (MES) test in rodents. Soretolide inhibits metabolism of Phenytoin (HY-B0448). Soretolide exhibits a good pharmacokinetic character in rats model .
Nirvanol (Ethylphenylhydantoin) is a metabolite of Mephenytoin (HY-B1184) that exerts anticonvulsant effects in the maximal electroshock (M.E.S.) seizure model in mice. Nirvanol shows potential for research in epilepsy-related neurological disorders .
Picamilon is an orally active derivative of γ-aminobutyric acid that has nootropic effect. Picamilon improves the epilepsy model in rats and promotes correction of functional disorders of the pancreas during Alloxan (HY-W017227)-induced diabetes mellitus in rats .
Picamilon sodium is an orally active derivative of γ-aminobutyric acid that has nootropic effect. Picamilon sodium improves the epilepsy model in rats and promotes correction of functional disorders of the pancreas during Alloxan (HY-W017227)-induced diabetes mellitus in rats .
Tesmilifene fumarate (DPPE fumarate), an H1C receptor antagonist, potentiates a wide range of cytotoxics and even to offer some protection of normal cells .
Tesmilifene (fumarate) (Standard) is the analytical standard of Tesmilifene (fumarate). This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Tesmilifene fumarate (DPPE fumarate), an H1C receptor antagonist, potentiates a wide range of cytotoxics and even to offer some protection of normal cells .
Periplanetin is a peptide of the insect lipomotor hormone family (AKH family) that can be isolated from the secretion of the cervical organ of Periplaneta americana L. and Blatta orientalis L. The periplanetin peptide has potential analgesic activity and lowers the threshold of tonic seizures .
(S,S)-Ketone monoester is a (S,S)-enantiomer of Ketone monoester (HY-15344). Ketone monoester elevates the AcAc and acetone levels, thereby produces sustained ketosis and significantly delays central nervous system oxygen toxicity (CNS-OT) seizures .
Boc-D-Leucine monohydrate (Boc-D-Leu-OH hydrate) is an N-Boc-protected form of D-Leucine. D-Leucine is an unnatural isomer of L-Leucine that acts as an auto-inhibitor of lactic streptococci. D-Leucine shows potent anti-seizure effect .
XPC-5462 is a NaV1.6 and NaV1.2 inhibitor with the IC50s of 10.9 nM and 10.3 nM, respectively. XPC-5462 suppresses epileptiform activity in an ex vivo brain slice seizure model .
Epiandrosterone (Standard) is the analytical standard of Epiandrosterone. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Epiandrosterone is a steroid hormone. Epiandrosterone activates BKCa. Epiandrosterone inhibits glucose transport and insulin release. Epiandrosterone has weak androgenic activity .
Levodropropizine (Standard) is the analytical standard of Levodropropizine. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Levodropropizine (DF-526) is an orally active histamine receptor inhibitor, Levodropropizine is an effective and very well tolerated peripheral antitussive agent .
Levodropropizine (DF-526) is an orally active histamine receptor inhibitor, Levodropropizine is an effective and very well tolerated peripheral antitussive agent .
Epiandrosterone is a steroid hormone. Epiandrosterone activates BKCa. Epiandrosterone inhibits glucose transport and insulin release. Epiandrosterone has weak androgenic activity .
Vormatrigine is an orally active sodium channel inhibitor with anti-epileptic activity. Vormatrigine has a specific inhibitory effect on overactive NaV channels in vitro and has a good inhibitory effect in the maximal electroconvulsive seizure (MES) model. Vormatrigine can be used to study human focal and generalized epilepsy .
Carbamazepine 10,11 epoxide-d2 is the deuterium labeled Carbamazepine 10,11 epoxide . Carbamazepine 10,11-epoxide is an orally active metabolite of Carbamazepine (HY-B0246). Carbamazepine has anticonvulsant effect. Carbamazepine can be used for the research of seizures .
Lamotrigine (BW430C) isethionate is a potent and orally active anticonvulsant or antiepileptic agent. Lamotrigine isethionate selectively blocks voltage-gated Na + channels, stabilizing presynaptic neuronal membranes and inhibiting glutamate release. Lamotrigine isethionate can be used for the research of epilepsy, focal seizure, et al .
VU0255035 is a highly selective and competitive M1 mAChR antagonist. VU0255035 blocks M1 mAChR signals to reduce epileptic seizures and regulate neuronal membrane potential. VU0255035 can be used in research related to central nervous system diseases, such as epilepsy, Parkinson's disease, and dystonia .
Bicuculline ((+)-Bicuculline) is A competing neurotransmitter GABAA receptor antagonist (IC50=2 μM). Bicuculline also blocks Ca 2+ activating potassium (SK) channels and subsequently blocks slow post-hyperpolarization (slow AHP). Bicuculline has anticonvulsant activity. Bicuculline can be used to induce seizures in mice .
Zonisamide-d4 is the deuterium labeled Zonisamide. Zonisamide (AD 810) is an inhibitor of zinc enzyme carbonic anhydrase (CA), with Kis of 35.2 nM and 20.6 nM for human mitochondrial isozyme hCA II and hCA V, respectively. Zonisamide has antiepileptic activity. Zonisamide can be used for the rsearch for epilepsy, seizures and Parkinson's disease .
Lamotrigine-d3 is the deuterium labeled Lamotrigine . Lamotrigine (BW430C) is a potent and orally active anticonvulsant or antiepileptic agent. Lamotrigine selectively blocks voltage-gated Na+ channels, stabilizing presynaptic neuronal membranes and inhibiting glutamate release. Lamotrigine can be used for the research of epilepsy, focal seizure, et al .
GR79236 is a highly potent, selective and orally active adenosine A1 receptor agonist with a Kis of 3.1 nM and 1300 nM for A1 and A2 receptors, respectively. GR79236 has anti-nociceptive and anti-inflammatory actions .
Triamterene blocks epithelial Na + channel (ENaC) in a voltage-dependent manner, which used as a mild diuretic. Triamterene is an inhibitor of the TGR5 receptor .
Nirvanol-d5 (Ethylphenylhydantoin-d5) is deuterium labeled Nirvanol (HY-W012481) . Nirvanol (Ethylphenylhydantoin) is a metabolite of Mephenytoin (HY-B1184) that exerts anticonvulsant effects in the maximal electroshock (M.E.S.) seizure model in mice. Nirvanol shows potential for research in epilepsy-related neurological disorders .
Lamotrigine- 13C3 is the 13C-labeled Lamotrigine. Lamotrigine (BW430C) is a potent and orally active anticonvulsant or antiepileptic agent. Lamotrigine selectively blocks voltage-gated Na+ channels, stabilizing presynaptic neuronal membranes and inhibiting glutamate release. Lamotrigine can be used for the research of epilepsy, focal seizure, et al .
Lamotrigine- 13C (LTG- 13C) is 13C labeled Lamotrigine. Lamotrigine (BW430C) is a potent and orally active anticonvulsant or antiepileptic agent. Lamotrigine selectively blocks voltage-gated Na + channels, stabilizing presynaptic neuronal membranes and inhibiting glutamate release. Lamotrigine can be used for the research of epilepsy,?focal seizure, et al .
Talampanel (LY300164) is an orally and selective α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionate (AMPA) receptor antagonis with anti-seizure activity . Talampanel (IVAX) has neuroprotective effects in rodent stroke models . Talampanel attenuates caspase-3 dependent apoptosis in mouse brain .
S107 is an orally available, blood brain barrier-permeable compound, which stabilizes RyR2 channels by enhancing the binding of calstabin 2 to the mutant Ryr2-R2474S channel. S107 inhibits Ca 2+ leakage from the sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) and prevents cardiac arrhythmias and raises the seizure threshold .
Lamotrigine- 13C,d3 is the 13C- and deuterium labeled Lamotrigine. Lamotrigine (BW430C) is a potent and orally active anticonvulsant or antiepileptic agent. Lamotrigine selectively blocks voltage-gated Na+ channels, stabilizing presynaptic neuronal membranes and inhibiting glutamate release. Lamotrigine can be used for the research of epilepsy,?focal seizure, et al .
Lamotrigine- 13C2, 15N is the 13C and 15N labeled Lamotrigine . Lamotrigine (BW430C) is a potent and orally active anticonvulsant or antiepileptic agent. Lamotrigine selectively blocks voltage-gated Na+ channels, stabilizing presynaptic neuronal membranes and inhibiting glutamate release. Lamotrigine can be used for the research of epilepsy, focal seizure, et al .
SOMCL-668 is a selective and potent sigma-1 receptor allosteric modulator. ?SOMCL-668 shows positive modulation of improvement in social deficits and cognitive impairment induced by the selective sigma-1 agonist PRE084.?SOMCL-668 displays anti-seizure activities and can be used for psychotic illness research .
Bicuculline (Standard) is the analytical standard of Bicuculline. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Bicuculline ((+)-Bicuculline) is A competing neurotransmitter GABAA receptor antagonist (IC50=2 μM). Bicuculline also blocks Ca2+ activating potassium (SK) channels and subsequently blocks slow post-hyperpolarization (slow AHP). Bicuculline has anticonvulsant activity. Bicuculline can be used to induce seizures in mice .
(S)-Laudanosine is an alkaloid that can be found in poppies and is the S-enantiomer of Laudanosine. Laudanosine acts on the central nervous system and cardiovascular system, inhibiting low-affinity GABA receptors with an IC50 value of 10 μM, and can cause seizures, hypotension, and bradycardia. Additionally, Laudanosine exerts analgesic effects by competitively binding to the opioid Mu-1 receptor (Ki = 2.7 μM) .
Lamotrigine- 13C3,d3 is the 13C-labeled Lamotrigine. Lamotrigine (BW430C) is a potent and orally active anticonvulsant or antiepileptic agent. Lamotrigine selectively blocks voltage-gated Na+ channels, stabilizing presynaptic neuronal membranes and inhibiting glutamate release. Lamotrigine can be used for the research of epilepsy,?focal seizure, et al .
NNC 05-2090 is aGABA uptake inhibitor and inhibitor of the β-GABA transporter (BGT-1) (IC50 sub>: 10.6 μM). NNC 05-2090 also inhibits mGAT2 with a Ki value of 1.4 μM. NNC 05-2090 has anticonvulsant activity and can be used in the study of epilepsy and neurological diseases .
Cyclothiazide is a positive allosteric modulator of ionotropic AMPA-type glutamate receptors. Cyclothiazide inhibits GABAA receptors. Cyclothiazide is frequently used to produce a fast inhibition of AMPA receptor desensitization and a much slower potentiation of the AMPA current. Cyclothiazide can potentiate responses to kainate in hippocampal neurons. Cyclothiazide has effects on glutamatergic neurotransmission. Cyclothiazide also induces epileptiform EEG activity accompanying behavioral seizures .
Lamotrigine- 13C7, 15N (LTG- 13C7, 15N) is 13C and 15N labeled Lamotrigine. Lamotrigine (BW430C) is a potent and orally active anticonvulsant or antiepileptic agent. Lamotrigine selectively blocks voltage-gated Na + channels, stabilizing presynaptic neuronal membranes and inhibiting glutamate release. Lamotrigine can be used for the research of epilepsy,?focal seizure, et al .
JNJ-61432059 is an oral active and selective negative modulator of AMPAR associated with trans-membrane AMPAR regulatory protein (TARP) γ-8, with a pIC50 of 9.7 for GluA1/γ-8. Exhibits time- and dose-dependent AMPAR/γ-8 receptor occupancy in mouse hippocampus, resulting in robust seizure protection in corneal kindling and pentylenetetrazole (PTZ) anticonvulsant models .
6'-GNTI dihydrochloride, a κ-opioid receptor (KOR) agonist, displays bias toward the activation of G protein-mediated signaling over β-arrestin2 recruitment. 6'-GNTI 6'-GNTI dihydrochloride only activates the Akt pathway in striatal neurons .
Clidinium bromide is a quaternary amine antimuscarinic agent. Clidinium bromide may help symptoms of cramping and abdominal/stomach pain by decreasing stomach acid, and slowing the intestines in vivo .
LY456236 is a selective, non-competitive and orally active mGlu1 receptor antagonist that inhibits phosphoinositide hydrolysis with an IC50 of 0.145 μM. LY456236 also inhibits EGFR with an IC50 of 0.91 μM .
Clidinium (bromide) (Standard) is the analytical standard of Clidinium (bromide). This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Clidinium bromide is a quaternary amine antimuscarinic agent. Clidinium bromide may help symptoms of cramping and abdominal/stomach pain by decreasing stomach acid, and slowing the intestines in vivo .
NRL-1049 (BA-1049) is a ROCK2 selective inhibitor (IC50: 0.59 µM and 26 µM for ROCK2 and ROCK1 respectively). NRL-1049 reduces Lysophosphatidic acid induced ROCK activation in endothelial cells. NRL-1049 reduces lesion volume and hemorrhagic transformation in a mouse model of cavernous angiomas. NRL-1049 also preserves the BBB and suppresses seizures after brain injury, and inhibits hemorrhagic transformation after ischemic stroke in mice .
Carbamazepine 10,11-epoxide- 13C,d2 is the deuterium labeled Carbamazepine 10,11-epoxide-C13. Carbamazepine 10,11-epoxide-C13 is a 13C-labled Carbamazepine 10,11-epoxide. Carbamazepine 10,11-epoxide is an orally active metabolite of Carbamazepine (HY-B0246). Carbamazepine has anticonvulsant effect. Carbamazepine can be used for the research of seizures .
Cyclothiazide (Standard) is the analytical standard of Cyclothiazide. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Cyclothiazide is a positive allosteric modulator of ionotropic AMPA-type glutamate receptors. Cyclothiazide inhibits GABAA receptors. Cyclothiazide is frequently used to produce a fast inhibition of AMPA receptor desensitization and a much slower potentiation of the AMPA current. Cyclothiazide can potentiate responses to kainate in hippocampal neurons. Cyclothiazide has effects on glutamatergic neurotransmission. Cyclothiazide also induces epileptiform EEG activity accompanying behavioral seizures .
SCH-23390 is a dopamine D1-like receptor antagonist (with Ki values of 0.2 nM and 0.3 nM for the D1 and D5 receptor subtypes, respectively). SCH-23390 can shorten the latency period for cocaine-induced lever pressing behavior in rats. SCH-23390 can also eliminate generalized seizures caused by chemical convulsants, such as arecoline (HY-B0726A) and strychnine, and is used in research on neurological disorders related to the dopamine system .
(R)-AS-1 is a selective positive allosteric modulator of the excitatory amino acid transporter 2 (EAAT2), with an EC50 of 11 nM. (R)-AS-1 (at doses of 60 and 90 mg/kg) increases spontaneous locomotor activity in mice. Additionally, it demonstrates anticonvulsant activity in mouse models of seizures induced by maximal electroshock (MES), pentylenetetrazole (PTZ), or electrical stimuli (32 or 44 mA), with ED50s of 66.3, 36.3, 15.6, and 41.6 mg/kg, respectively. (R)-AS-1 can be used in neurological disease research .
EF-1502 is a potent and selective GABA transporter inhibitor with GAT1 and BGT1 inhibitory activity. EF-1502 produces a synergistic anti-epileptic effect when used in combination with Tiagabine (HY-B0696), a compound used to suppress epileptic seizures. The dosing combination of EF-1502 exhibited reduced anti-epileptic efficacy and dyskinesia when used with THIP (HY-10232). The mechanism of EF-1502 differs significantly from Tiagabine, suggesting a unique role in the inhibitory strategy .
Zonisamide- 13C6 (AD 810- 13C6) is 13C labeled Zonisamide. Zonisamide (AD 810) is an orally active carbonic anhydrase inhibitor, with Kis of 35.2 and 20.6 nM for hCA II and hCA V, respectively. Zonisamide exerts neuroprotective effects through anti-apoptosis and upregulating MnSOD levels. Zonisamide also increases the expression of Hrd1, thereby improving cardiac function in AAC rats. Zonisamide can be used in studies of seizure, parkinson’s disease and cardiac hypertrophy .
Lvguidingan is a potent anticonvulsant agent. Lvguidingan also has sedative-hypnotic, tranquilizing, and muscle-relaxing actions. Lvguidingan can be used as antiepileptic agent .
Tryptophol (Standard) (Indole-3-ethanol (Standard)) is an analytical standard of Tryptophol (HY-W010155). This product is intended for use in research and analytical applications.Tryptophol is an aromatic alcohol and secondary metabolite produced by microorganisms. Tryptophol induces Apoptosis and cleavage of caspase-8. Tryptophol inhibits Cunninghamella blakesleeana biofilm. Tryptophol has anti-phage infection, biofilm formation regulation, anti-inflammatory, hemolytic, sleep induction, temperature change, seizure susceptibility and immune regulation activities. Tryptophol is used in the research of African trypanosomiasis, sleep disorders, epilepsy.
DQP-997-74 (compound 2i) is a selective negative allosteric modulator of N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor (NMDAR), specifically targeting GluN2C/D (IC50: 0.069 μM and 0.035 μM), with blood-brain barrier penetrability. Where DQP refers to dihydroquinoline-pyrazoline. DQP-997-74 acts synergistically with the agonist glutamate to exhibit time-dependent enhanced potency in inhibiting hypersynchronous activity driven by high-frequency excitatory synaptic transmission. DQP-997-74 reduces the number of epileptogenesis in a murine model of tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC)-induced epilepsy. DQP-997-74 can be used for research on NMDAR-related neurological diseases .
DQP-26 is a potent NMDAR negative allosteric modulator with IC50 values of 0.77 μM and 0.44 μM for GluN2C and GluN2D, respectively. DQP-26 has the potential for NMDAR-associated neurological disease research .
3-Hydroxy-3-phenylpentanamide is a compound with neuroprotective activity. 3-Hydroxy-3-phenylpentanamide shows protective effects against ischemic brain injury and cerebral hemorrhage. 3-Hydroxy-3-phenylpentanamide is studied in psychiatry as a potential anxiety, depression and addiction suppressant compound. 3-Hydroxy-3-phenylpentanamide shows antitumor activity in oncology, acting by inducing apoptosis and inhibiting tumor growth. 3-Hydroxy-3-phenylpentanamide also has protective effects against epileptic seizures .
Tryptophol-d4 (Indole-3-ethanol-d4) is the deuterium labeled Tryptophol (HY-W010155). Tryptophol is an aromatic alcohol and secondary metabolite produced by microorganisms. Tryptophol induces apoptosis and cleavage of caspase-8. Tryptophol inhibits Cunninghamella blakesleeana biofilm. Tryptophol has anti-phage infection, biofilm formation regulation, anti-inflammatory, hemolytic, sleep induction, temperature change, seizure susceptibility and immune regulation activities. Tryptophol is used in the research of African trypanosomiasis, sleep disorders, epilepsy .
SPD-502 sodium is a novel glutamate antagonist with potential neuroprotective properties, particularly in brain ischemia. It selectively targets the AMPA receptor, showing high affinity (IC50 = 0.043 μM) and competitive inhibition of AMPA-induced effects in rat cortical membranes and cultured mouse cortical neurons. In vivo, SPD-502 sodium effectively blocks AMPA-evoked spike activity in the hippocampus after intravenous administration, significantly increasing the seizure threshold in mice and demonstrating robust protection against ischemia-induced damage to hippocampal neurons in gerbils. These findings suggest SPD-502 sodium may be promising for treating neurodegenerative conditions associated with glutamate excitotoxicity .
SPD-502 is a novel glutamate antagonist with potential neuroprotective properties, particularly in brain ischemia. It selectively targets the AMPA receptor, showing high affinity (IC50 = 0.043 μM) and competitive inhibition of AMPA-induced effects in rat cortical membranes and cultured mouse cortical neurons. In vivo, SPD-502 effectively blocks AMPA-evoked spike activity in the hippocampus after intravenous administration, significantly increasing the seizure threshold in mice and demonstrating robust protection against ischemia-induced damage to hippocampal neurons in gerbils. These findings suggest SPD-502 may be promising for treating neurodegenerative conditions associated with glutamate excitotoxicity .
L-Homocysteic acid (L-HCA) is an endogenous excitatory amino acid that acts as a NMDA receptor agonist (EC50: 14 μM). L-Homocysteic acid is neurotoxic, and can be used in the research of neurological disorders .
AA43279 is an in gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) fast-firing interneurons located activator for Nav1.1 channel (SCN1A) with an EC50 of 9.5 μM. AA43279 enhances specific neuronal firing activity in vitro, and exhibits anticonvulsant activity in rat MEST model .
C-Type Natriuretic Peptide (CNP) (1-22), human (TFA),a 1-22 fragment of CNP, is a natriuretic peptide receptor B (NPR-B) agonist. C-Type Natriuretic Peptide (CNP) (1-22), human (TFA) inhibits cAMP synthesis stimulated by the physiological agonists histamine and 5-HT or directly by Forskolin. CNP is a potent, endothelial-derived relaxant and growthinhibitory factor .
C-Type Natriuretic Peptide (CNP) (1-22), human, a 1-22 fragment of CNP, is a natriuretic peptide receptor B (NPR-B) agonist. C-Type Natriuretic Peptide (CNP) (1-22), human inhibits cAMP synthesis stimulated by the physiological agonists histamine and 5-HT or directly by Forskolin. CNP is a potent, endothelial-derived relaxant and growthinhibitory factor .
Bumetanide sodium, a highly potent loop diuretic, is a Na +-K +-Cl + cotransporter (NKCC) blocker. Bumetanide sodium is a selective NKCC1 inhibitor, and also inhibits NKCC2, with IC50s of 0.68 and 4.0 μM for hNKCC1A and hNKCC2A, respectively .
H-9 Dihydrochloride is a PKA (protein kinase) inhibitor. H-9 Dihydrochloride (10 μM) significantly reduces the excitatory response to 5-HT. H-9 Dihydrochloride also has a direct effect on pharyngeal activity. H-9 Dihydrochloride inhibits signal-transduction and cell growth in EGF (epidermal growth factor)-dependent epithelial cell lines .
Licarbazepine (Standard) is the analytical standard of Licarbazepine. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Licarbazepine (BIA 2-005; GP 47779) is a voltage-gated sodium channel blocker with anticonvulsant and mood-stabilizing effects .
Bumetanide (Ro 10-6338; PF 1593), a highly potent loop diuretic, is a Na +-K +-Cl + cotransporter (NKCC) blocker. Bumetanide is a selective NKCC1 inhibitor, but also inhibits NKCC2, with IC50s of 0.68 μM and 4.0 μM for hNKCC1A and hNKCC2A, respectively .
Zandatrigine (NBI-921352; XEN901) is a selective, orally active, voltage-gated sodium channel NaV1.6/SCN8A inhibitor that can penetrate the blood-brain barrier. Zandatrigine inhibits sodium influx by non-covalently binding to the VSD4 structure of NaV1.6, blocking the persistent and resuscitative currents under pathological conditions. Zandatrigine can reduce neuronal hyperexcitability and reduce epileptic seizures. Zandatrigine is 134-756-fold selective for other isoforms such as NaV1.1 and NaV1.2, and has minimal effect on NaV1.1 expressed by inhibitory interneurons. Zandatrigine can be used to study NaV1.6-mediated neuroexcitability diseases such as SCN8A-related developmental epileptic encephalopathy (SCN8A-DEE) and adult focal epilepsy .
DL-Allylglycine (2-Aminopent-4-enoic acid) is a glutamate decarboxylase (GAD) inhibitor. DL-Allylglycine has convulsant activity that can be used in studies to induce epileptic seizures .
Boc-D-Leucine monohydrate (Boc-D-Leu-OH hydrate) is an N-Boc-protected form of D-Leucine. D-Leucine is an unnatural isomer of L-Leucine that acts as an auto-inhibitor of lactic streptococci. D-Leucine shows potent anti-seizure effect .
L-Homocysteic acid (L-HCA) is an endogenous excitatory amino acid that acts as a NMDA receptor agonist (EC50: 14 μM). L-Homocysteic acid is neurotoxic, and can be used in the research of neurological disorders .
C-Type Natriuretic Peptide (CNP) (1-22), human (TFA),a 1-22 fragment of CNP, is a natriuretic peptide receptor B (NPR-B) agonist. C-Type Natriuretic Peptide (CNP) (1-22), human (TFA) inhibits cAMP synthesis stimulated by the physiological agonists histamine and 5-HT or directly by Forskolin. CNP is a potent, endothelial-derived relaxant and growthinhibitory factor .
C-Type Natriuretic Peptide (CNP) (1-22), human, a 1-22 fragment of CNP, is a natriuretic peptide receptor B (NPR-B) agonist. C-Type Natriuretic Peptide (CNP) (1-22), human inhibits cAMP synthesis stimulated by the physiological agonists histamine and 5-HT or directly by Forskolin. CNP is a potent, endothelial-derived relaxant and growthinhibitory factor .
Carbamazepine 10,11-epoxide is an orally active metabolite of Carbamazepine (HY-B0246). Carbamazepine has anticonvulsant effect. Carbamazepine can be used for the research of seizures .
Carboxyatractyloside dipotassium is a diterpenoid. Carboxyatractyloside dipotassium can be isolated from plants of the genus Xanthium. Carboxyatractyloside dipotassium is an ADP/ATP carrier inhibitor, inhibiting mitochondrial ADP/ATP transport. Carboxyatractyloside dipotassium promotes ROS production, induces Ca 2+ release, and leads to mitochondrial dysfunction. Carboxyatractyloside dipotassium induces lethargy, weakness, and epileptic seizures in rats .
Carboxyatractyloside tripotassium is a diterpenoid. Carboxyatractyloside tripotassium can be isolated from plants of the genus Xanthium. Carboxyatractyloside tripotassium is an ADP/ATP carrier inhibitor, inhibiting mitochondrial ADP/ATP transport. Carboxyatractyloside tripotassium promotes ROS production, induces Ca 2+ release, and leads to mitochondrial dysfunction. Carboxyatractyloside tripotassium induces lethargy, weakness, and epileptic seizures in rats .
Tryptophol is an aromatic alcohol and secondary metabolite produced by microorganisms. Tryptophol induces apoptosis and cleavage of caspase-8. Tryptophol inhibits Cunninghamella blakesleeana biofilm. Tryptophol has anti-phage infection, biofilm formation regulation, anti-inflammatory, hemolytic, sleep induction, temperature change, seizure susceptibility and immune regulation activities. Tryptophol is used in the research of African trypanosomiasis, sleep disorders, epilepsy .
D-Leucine is a more potent anti-seizure agent than L-leucine. D-leucine potently terminates seizures even after the onset of seizure activity. D-leucine, but not L-leucine, reduces long-term potentiation but had no effect on basal synaptic transmission in vitro .
Penicillamine (D-(-)-Penicillamine) is a penicillin metabolic degradation product, can be used as a heavy metal chelator. Penicillamine reduces free copper and reduces oxidative stress. Penicillamine has effect of seizures through nitric oxide/NMDA pathways. Penicillamine is a potential immune modulator. Penicillamine can be used for the research of Wilson disease, rheumatoid arthritis, and cystinuria .
α,β-Thujone (Standard) is the analytical standard of α,β-Thujone. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. α,β-Thujone is a component of the essential oils of some plants. α,β-Thujone causes cancers in male rats and induces seizures in the highest doses .
Carbamazepine 10,11-epoxide (Standard) is the analytical standard of Carbamazepine 10,11-epoxide. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Carbamazepine 10,11-epoxide is an orally active metabolite of Carbamazepine (HY-B0246). Carbamazepine has anticonvulsant effect. Carbamazepine can be used for the research of seizures .
Carboxyatractyloside (dipotassium) (Standard) is the analytical standard of Carboxyatractyloside dipotassium (HY-N2522). This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Carboxyatractyloside dipotassium is a diterpenoid. Carboxyatractyloside dipotassium can be isolated from plants of the genus Xanthium. Carboxyatractyloside dipotassium is an ADP/ATP carrier inhibitor, inhibiting mitochondrial ADP/ATP transport. Carboxyatractyloside dipotassium promotes ROS production, induces Ca 2+ release, and leads to mitochondrial dysfunction. Carboxyatractyloside dipotassium induces lethargy, weakness, and epileptic seizures in rats .
Penicillamine (Standard) is the analytical standard of Penicillamine. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Penicillamine (D-(-)-Penicillamine) is a penicillin metabolic degradation product, can be used as a heavy metal chelator. Penicillamine reduces free copper and reduces oxidative stress. Penicillamine has effect of seizures through nitric oxide/NMDA pathways. Penicillamine is a potential immune modulator. Penicillamine can be used for the research of Wilson disease, rheumatoid arthritis, and cystinuria .
D-Leucine (Standard) is the analytical standard of D-Leucine. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. D-Leucine is a more potent anti-seizure agent than L-leucine. D-leucine potently terminates seizures even after the onset of seizure activity. D-leucine, but not L-leucine, reduces long-term potentiation but had no effect on basal synaptic transmission in vitro .
Kainic acid is a potent excitotoxic agent. Kainic acid hydrate also is an agonist for a subtype of ionotropic glutamate receptor. Kainic acid induces seizures .
DL-Laudanosine (Standard) is the analytical standard of DL-Laudanosine. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. DL-Laudanosine, an Atracurium and Cisatracurium metabolite, crosses the blood–brain barrier and may cause excitement and seizure activity .
Periplanetin is a peptide of the insect lipomotor hormone family (AKH family) that can be isolated from the secretion of the cervical organ of Periplaneta americana L. and Blatta orientalis L. The periplanetin peptide has potential analgesic activity and lowers the threshold of tonic seizures .
Epiandrosterone (Standard) is the analytical standard of Epiandrosterone. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Epiandrosterone is a steroid hormone. Epiandrosterone activates BKCa. Epiandrosterone inhibits glucose transport and insulin release. Epiandrosterone has weak androgenic activity .
Epiandrosterone is a steroid hormone. Epiandrosterone activates BKCa. Epiandrosterone inhibits glucose transport and insulin release. Epiandrosterone has weak androgenic activity .
Bicuculline ((+)-Bicuculline) is A competing neurotransmitter GABAA receptor antagonist (IC50=2 μM). Bicuculline also blocks Ca 2+ activating potassium (SK) channels and subsequently blocks slow post-hyperpolarization (slow AHP). Bicuculline has anticonvulsant activity. Bicuculline can be used to induce seizures in mice .
Bicuculline (Standard) is the analytical standard of Bicuculline. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Bicuculline ((+)-Bicuculline) is A competing neurotransmitter GABAA receptor antagonist (IC50=2 μM). Bicuculline also blocks Ca2+ activating potassium (SK) channels and subsequently blocks slow post-hyperpolarization (slow AHP). Bicuculline has anticonvulsant activity. Bicuculline can be used to induce seizures in mice .
(S)-Laudanosine is an alkaloid that can be found in poppies and is the S-enantiomer of Laudanosine. Laudanosine acts on the central nervous system and cardiovascular system, inhibiting low-affinity GABA receptors with an IC50 value of 10 μM, and can cause seizures, hypotension, and bradycardia. Additionally, Laudanosine exerts analgesic effects by competitively binding to the opioid Mu-1 receptor (Ki = 2.7 μM) .
Tryptophol (Standard) (Indole-3-ethanol (Standard)) is an analytical standard of Tryptophol (HY-W010155). This product is intended for use in research and analytical applications.Tryptophol is an aromatic alcohol and secondary metabolite produced by microorganisms. Tryptophol induces Apoptosis and cleavage of caspase-8. Tryptophol inhibits Cunninghamella blakesleeana biofilm. Tryptophol has anti-phage infection, biofilm formation regulation, anti-inflammatory, hemolytic, sleep induction, temperature change, seizure susceptibility and immune regulation activities. Tryptophol is used in the research of African trypanosomiasis, sleep disorders, epilepsy.
SEZ6L2/BSRP-A, potentially contributing to specialized functions in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) of neurons, hints at a role critical for neuronal homeostasis.Its significance in the intricate molecular processes essential for neuronal function underscores the need for further exploration to unveil specific mechanisms and pathways through which SEZ6L2/BSRP-A participates in specialized ER functions.SEZ6L2/BSRP-A Protein, Human (HEK293, His) is the recombinant human-derived SEZ6L2/BSRP-A protein, expressed by HEK293 , with C-His labeled tag.
D-Leucine-d10 is the deuterium labeled D-Leucine. D-Leucine is a more potent anti-seizure agent than L-leucine. D-leucine potently terminates seizures even after the onset of seizure activity. D-leucine, but not L-leucine, reduces long-term potentiation but had no effect on basal synaptic transmission in vitro .
Zonisamide-d4 is the deuterium labeled Zonisamide. Zonisamide (AD 810) is an inhibitor of zinc enzyme carbonic anhydrase (CA), with Kis of 35.2 nM and 20.6 nM for human mitochondrial isozyme hCA II and hCA V, respectively. Zonisamide has antiepileptic activity. Zonisamide can be used for the rsearch for epilepsy, seizures and Parkinson's disease .
Lamotrigine-d3 is the deuterium labeled Lamotrigine . Lamotrigine (BW430C) is a potent and orally active anticonvulsant or antiepileptic agent. Lamotrigine selectively blocks voltage-gated Na+ channels, stabilizing presynaptic neuronal membranes and inhibiting glutamate release. Lamotrigine can be used for the research of epilepsy, focal seizure, et al .
Lamotrigine- 13C3 is the 13C-labeled Lamotrigine. Lamotrigine (BW430C) is a potent and orally active anticonvulsant or antiepileptic agent. Lamotrigine selectively blocks voltage-gated Na+ channels, stabilizing presynaptic neuronal membranes and inhibiting glutamate release. Lamotrigine can be used for the research of epilepsy, focal seizure, et al .
Lamotrigine- 13C2, 15N2,d3 is 15N and deuterated labeled Lamotrigine (HY-B0495). Lamotrigine (BW430C) is a potent and orally active anticonvulsant or antiepileptic agent. Lamotrigine selectively blocks voltage-gated Na + channels, stabilizing presynaptic neuronal membranes and inhibiting glutamate release. Lamotrigine can be used for the research of epilepsy, focal seizure, et al .
Eslicarbazepine-d4 (BIA 2-194-d4) is deuterium labeled Eslicarbazepine. Eslicarbazepine is an oral anticonvulsant indicated for the adjunctive treatment of partial seizures.
Eslicarbazepine-d3 (BIA 2-194-d3) is the deuterium labeled Eslicarbazepine (HY-114703). Eslicarbazepine is an oral anticonvulsant indicated for the adjunctive treatment of partial seizures.
Carbamazepine 10,11 epoxide-d2 is the deuterium labeled Carbamazepine 10,11 epoxide . Carbamazepine 10,11-epoxide is an orally active metabolite of Carbamazepine (HY-B0246). Carbamazepine has anticonvulsant effect. Carbamazepine can be used for the research of seizures .
Nirvanol-d5 (Ethylphenylhydantoin-d5) is deuterium labeled Nirvanol (HY-W012481) . Nirvanol (Ethylphenylhydantoin) is a metabolite of Mephenytoin (HY-B1184) that exerts anticonvulsant effects in the maximal electroshock (M.E.S.) seizure model in mice. Nirvanol shows potential for research in epilepsy-related neurological disorders .
Lamotrigine- 13C (LTG- 13C) is 13C labeled Lamotrigine. Lamotrigine (BW430C) is a potent and orally active anticonvulsant or antiepileptic agent. Lamotrigine selectively blocks voltage-gated Na + channels, stabilizing presynaptic neuronal membranes and inhibiting glutamate release. Lamotrigine can be used for the research of epilepsy,?focal seizure, et al .
Lamotrigine- 13C,d3 is the 13C- and deuterium labeled Lamotrigine. Lamotrigine (BW430C) is a potent and orally active anticonvulsant or antiepileptic agent. Lamotrigine selectively blocks voltage-gated Na+ channels, stabilizing presynaptic neuronal membranes and inhibiting glutamate release. Lamotrigine can be used for the research of epilepsy,?focal seizure, et al .
Lamotrigine- 13C2, 15N is the 13C and 15N labeled Lamotrigine . Lamotrigine (BW430C) is a potent and orally active anticonvulsant or antiepileptic agent. Lamotrigine selectively blocks voltage-gated Na+ channels, stabilizing presynaptic neuronal membranes and inhibiting glutamate release. Lamotrigine can be used for the research of epilepsy, focal seizure, et al .
Lamotrigine- 13C3,d3 is the 13C-labeled Lamotrigine. Lamotrigine (BW430C) is a potent and orally active anticonvulsant or antiepileptic agent. Lamotrigine selectively blocks voltage-gated Na+ channels, stabilizing presynaptic neuronal membranes and inhibiting glutamate release. Lamotrigine can be used for the research of epilepsy,?focal seizure, et al .
Lamotrigine- 13C7, 15N (LTG- 13C7, 15N) is 13C and 15N labeled Lamotrigine. Lamotrigine (BW430C) is a potent and orally active anticonvulsant or antiepileptic agent. Lamotrigine selectively blocks voltage-gated Na + channels, stabilizing presynaptic neuronal membranes and inhibiting glutamate release. Lamotrigine can be used for the research of epilepsy,?focal seizure, et al .
Carbamazepine 10,11-epoxide- 13C,d2 is the deuterium labeled Carbamazepine 10,11-epoxide-C13. Carbamazepine 10,11-epoxide-C13 is a 13C-labled Carbamazepine 10,11-epoxide. Carbamazepine 10,11-epoxide is an orally active metabolite of Carbamazepine (HY-B0246). Carbamazepine has anticonvulsant effect. Carbamazepine can be used for the research of seizures .
Zonisamide- 13C6 (AD 810- 13C6) is 13C labeled Zonisamide. Zonisamide (AD 810) is an orally active carbonic anhydrase inhibitor, with Kis of 35.2 and 20.6 nM for hCA II and hCA V, respectively. Zonisamide exerts neuroprotective effects through anti-apoptosis and upregulating MnSOD levels. Zonisamide also increases the expression of Hrd1, thereby improving cardiac function in AAC rats. Zonisamide can be used in studies of seizure, parkinson’s disease and cardiac hypertrophy .
Tryptophol-d4 (Indole-3-ethanol-d4) is the deuterium labeled Tryptophol (HY-W010155). Tryptophol is an aromatic alcohol and secondary metabolite produced by microorganisms. Tryptophol induces apoptosis and cleavage of caspase-8. Tryptophol inhibits Cunninghamella blakesleeana biofilm. Tryptophol has anti-phage infection, biofilm formation regulation, anti-inflammatory, hemolytic, sleep induction, temperature change, seizure susceptibility and immune regulation activities. Tryptophol is used in the research of African trypanosomiasis, sleep disorders, epilepsy .
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