2. NF-κB Immunology/Inflammation Neuronal Signaling Membrane Transporter/Ion Channel Metabolic Enzyme/Protease
  3. NF-κB COX Calcium Channel Cytochrome P450 Endogenous Metabolite
  4. Ginsenoside Rd

Ginsenoside Rd  (Synonyms: Gypenoside VIII)

Cat. No.: HY-N0043 Purity: 99.88%
COA Handling Instructions

Molarity Calculator

Ginsenoside Rd inhibits TNFα-induced NF-κB transcriptional activity with an IC50 of 12.05±0.82 μM in HepG2 cells. Ginsenoside Rd inhibits expression of COX-2 and iNOS mRNA. Ginsenoside Rd also inhibits Ca2+ influx. Ginsenoside Rd inhibits CYP2D6, CYP1A2, CYP3A4, and CYP2C9, with IC50s of 58.0±4.5 μM, 78.4±5.3 μM, 81.7±2.6 μM, and 85.1±9.1 μM, respectively.

For research use only. We do not sell to patients.

Ginsenoside Rd Chemical Structure

Ginsenoside Rd Chemical Structure

CAS No. : 52705-93-8

Size Price Stock Quantity
Solid + Solvent (Highly Recommended)
10 mM * 1 mL in DMSO
ready for reconstitution
 USD 165 In-stock
Solution
10 mM * 1 mL in DMSO USD 165 In-stock
Solid
1 mg USD 43 In-stock
5 mg USD 85 In-stock
10 mg USD 130 In-stock
25 mg USD 230 In-stock
50 mg USD 350 In-stock
100 mg USD 530 In-stock
200 mg   Get quote  
500 mg   Get quote  

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Customer Review

Based on 1 publication(s) in Google Scholar

Other Forms of Ginsenoside Rd:

Ginsenoside Rd Related Antibodies

Top Publications Citing Use of Products

1 Publications Citing Use of MCE Ginsenoside Rd

View All NF-κB Isoform Specific Products:

View All Isoforms
NF-κB NF-κB1/p50 RelA/p65 RelB c-Rel

View All COX Isoform Specific Products:

View All Isoforms
COX COX-1 COX-2 COX-3

View All Calcium Channel Isoform Specific Products:

View All Isoforms
N-type calcium channel L-type calcium channel P/Q-type calcium channel T-type calcium channel Calcium Channel

View All Cytochrome P450 Isoform Specific Products:

View All Isoforms
CYP1 CYP2 CYP3 CYP4 CYP11 CYP17 Aromatase/CYP19A1 CYP26 CYP51 CYP1A2 CYP2D6 CYP2C9 CYP2C19 CYP3A4 CYP17A1

  • Biological Activity

  • Protocol

  • Purity & Documentation

  • References

  • Customer Review

Description

Ginsenoside Rd inhibits TNFα-induced NF-κB transcriptional activity with an IC50 of 12.05±0.82 μM in HepG2 cells. Ginsenoside Rd inhibits expression of COX-2 and iNOS mRNA. Ginsenoside Rd also inhibits Ca2+ influx. Ginsenoside Rd inhibits CYP2D6, CYP1A2, CYP3A4, and CYP2C9, with IC50s of 58.0±4.5 μM, 78.4±5.3 μM, 81.7±2.6 μM, and 85.1±9.1 μM, respectively.

IC50 & Target[1][2][4]

NF-κB

12.05 μM (IC50, in HepG2 cells)

COX-2

 

L-type calcium channel

 

CYP2D6

58 μM (IC50)

CYP1A2

78.4 μM (IC50)

CYP3A4

81.7 μM (IC50)

CYP2C9

85.1 μM (IC50)

In Vitro

Ginsenoside Rd is one of the most abundant ingredients of Panax ginseng. Ginsenoside Rd significantly inhibits TNF-α-induced NF-κB transcriptional activity with an IC50 of 12.05±0.82 in HepG2 cells. Ginsenoside Rd also inhibits expression of COX-2 and iNOS mRNA and iNOS promoter activity in a dose-dependent manner. To determine nontoxic concentrations, HepG2 cells are treated with various concentrations (0.1, 1, and 10 μM) of compounds (e.g., Ginsenoside Rd) and cell viability is measured using an MTS assay. No compounds are significantly cytotoxic at up to 10 μM, indicating that NF-κB inhibition is not due to cell toxicity[1]. Ginsenoside Rd is one of the most abundant ingredients of Panax ginseng, protects the heart via multiple mechanisms including the inhibition of Ca2+ influx. Ginsenoside Rd reduces ICa,L peak amplitude in a concentration-dependent manner (IC50=32.4±7.1 μM)[2]. Ginsenoside Rd exhibits an inhibition against the activity of CYP2D6 in human liver microsomes with an IC50 of 58.0±4.5 μM, a weak inhibition against the activity of CYP1A2, CYP3A4, and CYP2C9 in human liver microsomes with IC50s of 78.4±5.3, 81.7±2.6, and 85.1±9.1, respectively, and an even weaker inhibition against the activity of CYP2A6 in human liver microsomes with an IC50 value of more than 100 μM[4].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

Ginsenoside Rd Related Antibodies
In Vivo

Ginsenosides Rd is a major compound isolated from Gynostemma pentaphyllum that holistically improves gut microenvironment and induces anti-polyposis in ApcMin/+ mice. Six-weeks-old mice are subjected to Ginsenoside Rd treatment, before the appearance of the intestinal polyps. All the mice are monitored for food intake, water consumption, and weight changes. Throughout the experiment, no Rb3/ Ginsenoside Rd-associated weight loss in mice is observed. In addition, none of the treated mice show variations in food and water consumption. Whereas, the number and size of the polyps are effectively reduced by Ginsenoside Rd treatments[3].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
Molecular Weight

947.15

Formula

C48H82O18
CAS No.
Appearance

Solid

Color

White to off-white

SMILES

C[C@](CC/C=C(C)/C)([C@]1([H])[C@]([C@H](O)C[C@@]2([H])[C@@]3(C)CC[C@]4([H])[C@]2(C)CC[C@H](O[C@]5([H])O[C@H](CO)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H]5O[C@]6([H])O[C@H](CO)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H]6O)C4(C)C)([H])[C@@]3(C)CC1)O[C@@H]7O[C@H](CO)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H]7O
Structure Classification
Initial Source
Shipping

Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.
Storage
Powder -20°C 3 years
4°C 2 years
In solvent -80°C 2 years
-20°C 1 year
Solvent & Solubility
In Vitro: 

DMSO : 100 mg/mL (105.58 mM; Need ultrasonic; Hygroscopic DMSO has a significant impact on the solubility of product, please use newly opened DMSO)

Preparing
Stock Solutions
Concentration Solvent Mass 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg
1 mM 1.0558 mL 5.2790 mL 10.5580 mL
5 mM 0.2112 mL 1.0558 mL 2.1116 mL
View the Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

* Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 2 years; -20°C, 1 year. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 2 years. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 year.

  • Molarity Calculator

  • Dilution Calculator

Mass (g) = Concentration (mol/L) × Volume (L) × Molecular Weight (g/mol)

Mass
=
Concentration
×
Volume
×
Molecular Weight *

Concentration (start) × Volume (start) = Concentration (final) × Volume (final)

This equation is commonly abbreviated as: C1V1 = C2V2

Concentration (start)

C1

×
Volume (start)

V1

=
Concentration (final)

C2

×
Volume (final)

V2

In Vivo:

Select the appropriate dissolution method based on your experimental animal and administration route.

For the following dissolution methods, please ensure to first prepare a clear stock solution using an In Vitro approach and then sequentially add co-solvents:
To ensure reliable experimental results, the clarified stock solution can be appropriately stored based on storage conditions. As for the working solution for in vivo experiments, it is recommended to prepare freshly and use it on the same day.
The percentages shown for the solvents indicate their volumetric ratio in the final prepared solution. If precipitation or phase separation occurs during preparation, heat and/or sonication can be used to aid dissolution.

  • Protocol 1

    Add each solvent one by one:  10% DMSO    40% PEG300    5% Tween-80    45% Saline

    Solubility: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (2.64 mM); Clear solution

    This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (saturation unknown).

    Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (25.0 mg/mL) to 400 μL PEG300, and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 and mix evenly; then add 450 μL Saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL.

    Preparation of Saline: Dissolve 0.9 g sodium chloride in ddH₂O and dilute to 100 mL to obtain a clear Saline solution.
  • Protocol 2

    Add each solvent one by one:  10% DMSO    90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline)

    Solubility: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (2.64 mM); Clear solution

    This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (saturation unknown).

    Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (25.0 mg/mL) to 900 μL 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline, and mix evenly.

    Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C, storage for one week): 2 g SBE-β-CD powder is dissolved in 10 mL Saline, completely dissolve until clear.
In Vivo Dissolution Calculator
Please enter the basic information of animal experiments:

Dosage

mg/kg

Animal weight
(per animal)

g

Dosing volume
(per animal)

μL

Number of animals

Recommended: Prepare an additional quantity of animals to account for potential losses during experiments.
Please enter your animal formula composition:
%
DMSO +
% 
+
%
Tween-80 +
%
Saline
Recommended: Keep the proportion of DMSO in working solution below 2% if your animal is weak.
The co-solvents required include: DMSO, . All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE). , Tween 80. All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE).
Calculation results:
Working solution concentration: mg/mL
Method for preparing stock solution: mg drug dissolved in μL  DMSO (Stock solution concentration: mg/mL).
The concentration of the stock solution you require exceeds the measured solubility. The following solution is for reference only. If necessary, please contact MedChemExpress (MCE).
Method for preparing in vivo working solution for animal experiments: Take μL DMSO stock solution, add μL . μL , mix evenly, next add μL Tween 80, mix evenly, then add μL Saline.
 If the continuous dosing period exceeds half a month, please choose this protocol carefully.
Please ensure that the stock solution in the first step is dissolved to a clear state, and add co-solvents in sequence. You can use ultrasonic heating (ultrasonic cleaner, recommended frequency 20-40 kHz), vortexing, etc. to assist dissolution.
Purity & Documentation

Purity: 99.88%

COA (261 KB) RP-HPLC (244 KB)

Handling Instructions (2659 KB)
References
Cell Assay
[1]

An MTS assay is used to analyze the effects of the compounds on cell viability. HepG2 cells are cultured overnight in a 96-well plate (1×104 cells/well). Cell viability is assessed after adding the compounds (e.g., Ginsenoside Rd; 0.1, 1, and 10 μM) for 24 h. The number of viable cells is determined by the A490nm of the dissolved formazan product, after addition of MTS for 30 min[1].

MCE has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
Animal Administration
[3]

Mice[3]
Heterozygous male ApcMin/+ (C57BL/6J-ApcMin/+) mice are used. Total 32 male ApcMin/+ mice (aged 6 weeks) are divided into three groups; 10 mice in the control group and 22 mice equally divided for Rb3 and Rd treatments. The mice are daily gavage with a single dose of Ginsenoside Rb3 or Ginsenoside Rd at 20 mg/kg, or solvent control. The treatments are carried out for 8 consecutive weeks.

MCE has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
References

Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

* Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 2 years; -20°C, 1 year. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 2 years. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 year.

Optional Solvent Concentration Solvent Mass 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg 25 mg
DMSO 1 mM 1.0558 mL 5.2790 mL 10.5580 mL 26.3950 mL
5 mM 0.2112 mL 1.0558 mL 2.1116 mL 5.2790 mL
10 mM 0.1056 mL 0.5279 mL 1.0558 mL 2.6395 mL
15 mM 0.0704 mL 0.3519 mL 0.7039 mL 1.7597 mL
20 mM 0.0528 mL 0.2639 mL 0.5279 mL 1.3197 mL
25 mM 0.0422 mL 0.2112 mL 0.4223 mL 1.0558 mL
30 mM 0.0352 mL 0.1760 mL 0.3519 mL 0.8798 mL
40 mM 0.0264 mL 0.1320 mL 0.2639 mL 0.6599 mL
50 mM 0.0211 mL 0.1056 mL 0.2112 mL 0.5279 mL
60 mM 0.0176 mL 0.0880 mL 0.1760 mL 0.4399 mL
80 mM 0.0132 mL 0.0660 mL 0.1320 mL 0.3299 mL
100 mM 0.0106 mL 0.0528 mL 0.1056 mL 0.2639 mL
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Ginsenoside Rd Related Classifications

Help & FAQs
  • Do most proteins show cross-species activity?

    Species cross-reactivity must be investigated individually for each product. Many human cytokines will produce a nice response in mouse cell lines, and many mouse proteins will show activity on human cells. Other proteins may have a lower specific activity when used in the opposite species.

Keywords:

Ginsenoside Rd52705-93-8Gypenoside VIIINF-κBCOXCalcium ChannelCytochrome P450Endogenous MetaboliteNuclear factor-κBNuclear factor-kappaBCyclooxygenaseCa2+ channelsCa channelsCYPsInhibitorinhibitorinhibit

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