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Enokizumab (MEDI-528) is a monoclonal antibody targeting to interleukin (IL)-9. IL-9 regulates the development of airway inflammation, mucus production, airway hyperresponsiveness, and airway fibrosis largely by increasing mast cell numbers and activity in the airways .
Platyconic Acid A is an active component of changkil saponins from platycodon grandiflorum and can be used for the research of reducing airway inflammation .
Methacholine (Acetyl-β-methylcholine) choride is a potent muscarinic-3 (M3) agonist. Methacholine choride acts directly on acetylcholine receptors on smooth muscle causing bronchoconstriction and airway narrowing. Methacholine choride shows a high sensitivity to identify bronchial hyperresponsiveness (BHR). Methacholine choride can be used to measure airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR) as a diagnostic aid in the assessment of individuals with asthma-like symptoms and normal resting expiratory flow rates .
SSR 146977 hydrochloride is a potent and selective antagonist of the tachykinin NK3 receptor. SSR 146977 hydrochloride can be used in the study of psychiatric disorders and airway inflammation .
Methacholine (Acetyl-β-methylcholine) bromide is a potent muscarinic-3 (M3) agonist. Methacholine bromide acts directly on acetylcholine receptors on smooth muscle causing bronchoconstriction and airway narrowing. Methacholine bromide shows a high sensitivity to identify bronchial hyperresponsiveness (BHR). Methacholine bromide can be used to measure airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR) as a diagnostic aid in the assessment of individuals with asthma-like symptoms and normal resting expiratory flow rates .
J 104129 fumarate is a selective and orally active muscarinic M3 antagonist with Ki values of 4.2 nM and 490 nM for M3 and M2, respectively. J 104129 fumarate antagonized ACh-induced bronchoconstriction. J 104129 fumarate has the potential for the research of obstructive airway disease .
Ala-Ala-Pro-Val-chloromethylketone is an irreversible human neutrophil elastase (NE) inhibitor for use in the study of chronic inflammatory airway diseases .
PF-10040 is a quinoline derivative that can inhibit PAF-induced airway hyperresponsiveness. PF-10040 also shows protective effect in experimental NSAID-gastritis .
N-Methyl Leukotriene C4 stimulates contraction of airway smooth muscle in animals, with efficacy varying by tissue and species. For example, it can stimulate the lungs of bullfrogs to contract .
SPL-334 is a potent and selective S-Nitrosoglutathione reductase (GSNOR) inhibitor. SPL-334 causes a significant reduction in the production of Th2 cytokines IL-5 and IL-13 and the levels of the chemokine CCL11 (eotaxin-1) in the airways. SPL-334 can be used in research of allergic airway inflammation .
JT002 is an orally active inhibitor of the NLRP3 inflammasome. JT002 reduces NLRP3-dependent proinflammatory cytokine (such as IL-1β, IL-1α, IL-18) production and pyroptosis. JT002 blocks NLRP3 inflammasome complex formation. JT002 reduces airway hyperresponsiveness and airway neutrophilia in mice .
PI3Kγ inhibitor 4 is a potent, selective and orally active inhibitor of PI3Kγ, with an IC50 of 40 nM. PI3Kγ inhibitor 4 shows ∼7, 43, and 18-fold selectivity for PI3Kγ over the α, β, and δ isoforms, respectively. PI3Kγ inhibitor 4 can be used for the research of airway inflammation .
GDC-0334 is a selective TRPA1 antagonist. GDC-0334 inhibits TRPA1 function on airway smooth muscle and sensory neurons by decreasing cough and allergic airway inflammation in rats and guinea pigs. GDC-0334 can be used for TRPA1-mediated diseases research, such as pain or asthma .
PDE4-IN-11 is an inhibitor of phosphodiesterase isoenzyme 4 (PDE4). PDE4-IN-11 displays highly effective bronchodilatory and anti-inflammatory properties, can be used for obstructive or inflammatory airway diseases research .
YM976 is a phosphodiesterase 4 (PDE4) inhibitor with an IC50 of 2.2 nM. YM976 shows the dissociation of anti-inflammatory activities from emetic effects and inhibits the antigen-induced airway responses .
Telmesteine is an amucolitic agent. Telmesteine has anti-protease activity. Telmesteine inhibits LPS-induced NO production in RAW264.7 cells. Telmesteine can be used for research of inflammation, such as acute and chronic bronchitis and obstructive airways disease .
SAHM1, a peptide mimetic of a dominant negative form of mastermind-like (MAML), inhibits canonical Notch transcription complex formation. SAHM1 can be used for the research of allergic airway inflammation in mice .
FK888 is a potent, selective, and high affinity dipeptide NK1 receptor antagonist. FK888 displaces [3H]-SP binding with a Ki value of 0.69 nM and 0.45 microM. FK888 also inhibits SP-induced airway oedema in guinea-pig after both intravenous and oral administration .
Levofloxacin hydrate (Levofloxacin hemihydrate) is an orally active antibiotic and is active against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. Levofloxacin hydrate inhibits the DNA gyrase and topoisomerase IV. Levofloxacin hydrate can be used for chronic periodontitis, airway inflammation and BK Viremia research. Levofloxacin hydrate shows anti-orthopoxvirus activity .
Levofloxacin ((-)-Ofloxacin) is an orally active antibiotic and is active against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. Levofloxacin inhibits the DNA gyrase and topoisomerase IV. Levofloxacin can be used for chronic periodontitis, airway inflammation and BK Viremia research. Levofloxacin shows anti-orthopoxvirus activity .
Levofloxacin ((-)-Ofloxacin) hydrochloride is an orally active antibiotic and is active against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. Levofloxacin hydrochloride inhibits the DNA gyrase and topoisomerase IV. Levofloxacin hydrochloride can be used for chronic periodontitis, airway inflammation and BK Viremia research. Levofloxacin hydrochloride shows anti-orthopoxvirus activity .
Levofloxacin ((-)-Ofloxacin) sodium is an orally active antibiotic and is active against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. Levofloxacin sodium inhibits the DNA gyrase and topoisomerase IV. Levofloxacin sodium can be used for chronic periodontitis, airway inflammation and BK Viremia research. Levofloxacin sodium shows anti-orthopoxvirus activity .
Elubrixin (SB-656933) is a potent, selective, competitive, reversible and orally active CXCR2 antagonist and an IL-8 receptor antagonist. Elubrixin inhibits neutrophil CD11b upregulation (IC50 of 260.7 nM) and shape change (IC50 of 310.5 nM). Elubrixin has the potential for inflammatory diseases research, such as inflammatory bowel disease and airway inflammation .
Elubrixin tosylate (SB-656933 tosylate) is a potent, selective, competitive, reversible and orally active CXCR2 antagonist and an IL-8 receptor antagonist. Elubrixin tosylate inhibits neutrophil CD11b upregulation (IC50 of 260.7 nM) and shape change (IC50 of 310.5 nM). Elubrixin tosylate has the potential for inflammatory diseases research, such as inflammatory bowel disease and airway inflammation .
Elubrixin (SB-656933) hydrochloride is a potent, selective, competitive, reversible and orally active CXCR2 antagonist and an IL-8 receptor antagonist. Elubrixin hydrochloride inhibits neutrophil CD11b upregulation (IC50 of 260.7 nM) and shape change (IC50 of 310.5 nM). Elubrixin hydrochloride has the potential for inflammatory diseases research, such as inflammatory bowel disease and airway inflammation .
BLT2 antagonist-1 (compound 15b) is a selective BLT2 antagonist that inhibits the chemotaxis of CHO-BLT2 cells with an IC50 of 224 nM. BLT2 antagonist-1 does not inhibits the chemotaxis of CHO-BLT1 cells. BLT2 antagonist-1 also inhibits the binding of LTB4 and BLT2 with a Ki value of 132 nM. BLT2 antagonist-1 can be used for the research of the inflammatory airway diseases such as asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease .
Oglemilast (GRC 3886) is a potent and orally active phosphodiesterase-4 (PDE4) inhibitor with an IC50 of 0.5 nM for PDE4D3. Oglemilast inhibits pulmonary cell infiltration, including eosinophilia and neutrophilia in vitro and in vivo. Oglemilast has the potential for inflammatory airway diseases .
Obtusifolin, isolated from the seeds of Cassia obtusifolia, regulates the gene expression and production of MUC5AC mucin in airway epithelial cells via inhibiting NF-kB pathway . Obtusifolin suppresses phthalate esters-induced breast cancer bone metastasis by targeting parathyroid hormone-related protein .
Sulfuretin inhibits the inflammatory response by suppressing the NF-κB pathway. Sulfuretin can be used for the research of allergic airway inflammation. Sulfuretin reduces oxidative stress, platelet aggregation, and mutagenesis . Sulfuretin is a competitive and potent inhibitor of monophenolase and diphenolase activities with the IC50 of 13.64 μM .
Brevetoxin-3 (PbTx-3) is a potent allosteric voltage-gated Na + channel activator and has multiple active centers (A-ring lactone, C-42 of R side chain) . Brevetoxin-3 (PbTx-3) has a high affinity to site 5 of the voltage-sensitive Na + channels, inhibits the inactivation of Na + channels and prolongs the mean open time of these channels. Brevetoxin-3 (PbTx-3) repeated exposures can lead to prolonged airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR) and lung inflammation .
Ac2-26 ammonium is the N-terminal peptide of annexin 1, and has anti-inflammatory activity. Ac2-26 ammonium induces a decrease in IKKβ protein in lysosomes by chaperone-mediated autophagy (CMA). Ac2-26 ammonium ameliorates lung ischemia-reperfusion injury. Ac2-26 ammonium also inhibits airway inflammation and hyperresponsiveness in an asthma rat model .
Lipoxin B4 (LXB4) is a structurally distinct product of arachidonic acid metabolism. Lipoxin B4 reduces leukocyte infiltration and mucus secretion in the nasal mucosa and decreases mast cell and eosinophil degranulation in the upper airway. Lipoxin B4 decreases airway inflammation, mucus metaplasia and hyper- responsiveness in the lower airway. Lipoxin B4 shows mucosal protective actions and has the potential for the research of allergic inflammation in the upper and lower airways .
GS-6201 (CVT-6883) is a selective adenosine A2B receptor antagonist. GS-6201 displays high affinity and selectivity for the human adenosine A2B receptors (Ki=22 nM) . GS-6201 reduces caspase-1 activity in the heart, and attenuates cardiac remodeling after acute myocardial infarction (AMI) in the mouse . GS-62013 attenuates the airway reactivity induced by NECA, AMP, or allergen in sensitized mice .
Diacerein (Diacerhein), an orally active anthraquinone, reduces production of IL-1 converting enzyme then inhibits the activation of IL-1β by related downstream signaling. Diacerein is an anti-inflammatory and anti-rheumatic drug. Diacerein can relieve bronchospasm and control airway inflammation in asthmatic mice. Diacerein has the potential for slow acting drug in osteoarthritis (SYSADOA) research .
Theophylline (1,3-Dimethylxanthine) sodium glycinate is a potent phosphodiesterase (PDE) inhibitor, adenosine receptor antagonist, and histone deacetylase (HDAC) activator. Theophylline sodium glycinate inhibits PDE3 activity to relax airway smooth muscle. Theophylline sodium glycinate has anti-inflammatory activity by increase IL-10 and inhibit NF-κB into the nucleus. Theophylline sodium glycinate induces apoptosis. Theophylline sodium glycinate can be used for asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) research .
PPADS tetrasodiuma is a non-selective P2X receptor antagonist. PPADS tetrasodiuma blocks recombinant P2X1, -2, -3, -5 with IC50s ranging from 1 to 2.6 μM. PPADS tetrasodiuma blocks native P2Y2-like (IC50~0.9 mM) and recombinant P2Y4 (IC50~15 mM) receptors. PPADS tetrasodiuma is an inhibitor of the reverse mode of the Na/Ca 2+ exchanger in guinea pig airway smooth muscle .
Nesosteine is a bronchitis inhibitor that improves the rheology and production of airway bronchial mucus in rabbits. Nesosteine significantly reduced the viscosity of airway bronchial mucus in animals with sulfuric acid nebulized bronchitis and increased mucus production in healthy animals. Nesosteine is more active than mucus-regulating drugs such as Sobrerol, N-acetylcysteine, bromhexine, ambroxol, S-carboxymethylcysteine, and mercaptoalanine. Nesosteine also reduced the content of total proteins in airway bronchial mucus, such as albumin, α1, α2, β, and γ mucins .
Theophylline (1,3-Dimethylxanthine) is a potent phosphodiesterase (PDE) inhibitor, adenosine receptor antagonist, and histone deacetylase (HDAC) activator. Theophylline (1,3-Dimethylxanthine) inhibits PDE3 activity to relax airway smooth muscle. Theophylline (1,3-Dimethylxanthine) has anti-inflammatory activity by increase IL-10 and inhibit NF-κB into the nucleus. Theophylline (1,3-Dimethylxanthine) induces apoptosis. Theophylline (1,3-Dimethylxanthine) can be used for asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) research .
Theophylline (1,3-Dimethylxanthine) sodium acetate is a potent phosphodiesterase (PDE) inhibitor, adenosine receptor antagonist, and histone deacetylase (HDAC) activator. Theophylline (1,3-Dimethylxanthine) sodium acetate inhibits PDE3 activity to relax airway smooth muscle. Theophylline (1,3-Dimethylxanthine) sodium acetate has anti-inflammatory activity by increase IL-10 and inhibit NF-κB into the nucleus. Theophylline (1,3-Dimethylxanthine) sodium acetate induces apoptosis. Theophylline (1,3-Dimethylxanthine) sodium acetate can be used for asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) research .
Theophylline (1,3-Dimethylxanthine) monohydrate is a potent phosphodiesterase (PDE) inhibitor, adenosine receptor antagonist, and histone deacetylase (HDAC) activator. Theophylline (1,3-Dimethylxanthine) monohydrate inhibits PDE3 activity to relax airway smooth muscle. Theophylline (1,3-Dimethylxanthine) monohydrate has anti-inflammatory activity by increase IL-10 and inhibit NF-κB into the nucleus. Theophylline (1,3-Dimethylxanthine) monohydrate induces apoptosis. Theophylline (1,3-Dimethylxanthine) monohydrate can be used for asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) research .
Pentoxyverine (Carbetapentane) is an orally active sigma-1 receptor agonist, with Kis of 41 nM, 894 nM and 75 nM for σ1, σ2 and guinea-pig brain membran σ1, respectively. Pentoxyverine is a muscarinic antagonist. Pentoxyverine is a potent antitussive, anticonvulsant, and spasmolytic agent. Pentoxyverine can be used for inhibiting bronchial interceptor, weakening of cough reflex, bronchial smooth muscle relaxation and reduction of airway resistance .
Phosphorylcholine chloride (Phosphocholine chloride) is an antigenic cell-surface component found on many commensal and pathogenic bacteria that reside in the upper airway.
Pentoxyverine (Carbetapentane) citrate is an orally active sigma-1 receptor agonist, with Kis of 41 nM, 894 nM and 75 nM for σ1, σ2 and guinea-pig brain membrane σ1, respectively. Pentoxyverine citrate is a muscarinic antagonist. Pentoxyverine citrate is a potent antitussive, anticonvulsant, and spasmolytic agent. Pentoxyverine citrate can be used for inhibiting bronchial interceptor, weakening of cough reflex, bronchial smooth muscle relaxation and reduction of airway resistance .
Theophylline-d3 is deuterated labeled Theophylline (HY-B0809). Theophylline (1,3-Dimethylxanthine) is a potent phosphodiesterase (PDE) inhibitor, adenosine receptor antagonist, and histone deacetylase (HDAC) activator. Theophylline (1,3-Dimethylxanthine) inhibits PDE3 activity to relax airway smooth muscle. Theophylline (1,3-Dimethylxanthine) has anti-inflammatory activity by increase IL-10 and inhibit NF-κB into the nucleus. Theophylline (1,3-Dimethylxanthine) induces apoptosis. Theophylline (1,3-Dimethylxanthine) can be used for asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) research .
Pentoxyverine (Standard) is the analytical standard of Pentoxyverine. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Pentoxyverine (Carbetapentane) is an orally active sigma-1 receptor agonist, with Kis of 41 nM, 894 nM and 75 nM for σ1, σ2 and guinea-pig brain membran σ1, respectively. Pentoxyverine is a muscarinic antagonist. Pentoxyverine is a potent antitussive, anticonvulsant, and spasmolytic agent. Pentoxyverine can be used for inhibiting bronchial interceptor, weakening of cough reflex, bronchial smooth muscle relaxation and reduction of airway resistance .
GGTI-2133 is a direct and selective inhibitor of geran ylgeranyltransferase (GGTase). GGTI-2133 has the potential for eosinophilic airway inflammation such as asthma research .
Butamirate is an orally active cough suppressant that acts centrally through the receptors in the brainstem. Butamirate also reduces the resistance in the airways by inhibiting bronchospasm and anti-inflammatory effect .
Diatrizoic acid (Diatrizoate) is an iodinated radiocontrast agent and has the potential for radiographic imaging of the airways. Diatrizoic acid induces mitochondrial turnover and oxidative stress, and activating apoptosis by dysregulating calcium .
Neurokinin A (Substance K), a peptide neurotransmitter of the tachykinin family, acts via the NK-2 receptor. Neurokinin A acts as a major mediator in human airway and gastrointestinal tissues .
Sodium diatrizoate (Diatrizoic acid sodium salt) is an iodinated radiocontrast agent and has the potential for radiographic imaging of the airways. Sodium diatrizoate induces mitochondrial turnover and oxidative stress, and activating apoptosis by dysregulating calcium .
Sappanone A is a homoisoflavanone which exhibits anti-inflammatory effects via modulation of Nrf2 and NF-κB. Sappanone can attenuate allergic airway inflammation in Ovalbumin-induced asthma .
Etiprednol dicloacetate (BNP 166) is an anti-inflammatory agent. Etiprednol dicloacetate inhibits eosinophil accumulation. Etiprednol dicloacetate can be used in the research of inflammatory airway diseases, such as asthma .
Butamirate citrate is an orally active cough suppressant that acts centrally through the receptors in the brainstem. Butamirate citrate also reduces the resistance in the airways by inhibiting bronchospasm and anti-inflammatory effect .
Neurokinin A TFA (Substance K TFA), a peptide neurotransmitter of the tachykinin family, acts via the NK-2 receptor. Neurokinin A acts as a major mediator in human airway and gastrointestinal tissues .
Moracin M is a phenolic component that can be isolated from Mori Cortex, is a potent phosphodiesterase-4 (PDE4) inhibitor with IC50 values of 2.9, 4.5, >40, and >100 μM for PDE4D2, PDE4B2, PDE5A1, and PDE9A2, respectively. Moracin M has anti-inflammatory activity .
Stepronin (Prostenoglycine) is an orally active expectorant (inhalation administration is preferable to oral administration). Stepronin inhibits airway secretion in vitro by reducing Cl - secretion from epithelial cells and mucus glycoprotein secretion from submucosal glands .
(E/Z)-Ensifentrine is a dual inhibitor of PDE3/4. (E/Z)-Ensifentrine reduces the inflammatory cells into the airways. (E/Z)-Ensifentrine has bronchodilatory and anti-inflammatory activities in vitro and in vivo model .
Rubusoside is a diterpene glycoside that is also a sweetener and solubilizer with anti-angiogenic, anti-cancer, anti-obesity, anti-allergic and anti-asthmatic effects. Rubusoside attenuates airway hyperresponsiveness and reduces inflammatory cells in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF), reducing OVA (HY-W250978)-induced airway inflammation. Rubusoside also prevents palmitic acid-induced lipotoxicity in pancreatic INS-1 cells, reduces the transport of human glucose transporters GLUT-1 and fructose GLUT-5, and inhibits NF-κB and α-amylase (α-amylase) .
Mometasone furoate (Sch32088) is a glucocorticoid receptor agonist with anti-inflammatory and anti-allergic activity. Mometasone furoate acts as a corticosteroid agent and used for topical applications in chronic skin eczema and airway inflammation management of asthma in vivo
Biotin-NeurokininA is a biotinylated NeurokininA (HY-P0197). Neurokinin A (Substance K), a peptide neurotransmitter of the tachykinin family, acts via the NK-2 receptor. Neurokinin A acts as a major mediator in human airway and gastrointestinal tissues .
Diatrizoic acid (Standard) is the analytical standard of Diatrizoic acid. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Diatrizoic acid (Diatrizoate) is an iodinated radiocontrast agent and has the potential for radiographic imaging of the airways. Diatrizoic acid induces mitochondrial turnover and oxidative stress, and activating apoptosis by dysregulating calcium .
Fenoterol (Th-1165), a sympathomimetic agent, is a selective and orally active β2-adrenoceptor agonist. Fenoterol is an effective bronchodilator and can be used for bronchospasm associated with asthma, bronchitis and other obstructive airway diseases research .
Mosedipimod is a monoacetyldiaglyceride that can be isolated from Cervus nippon Temminck. Mosedipimod is an orally active Toll-Like Receptor signaling inhibitor. Mosedipimod attenuates airway infammation by reducing myeloperoxidase expression in lung tissue. Mosedipimod is used in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease research .
Antimycobacterial agent-5 (compound 27) is an imidazopyridine amide targeting mycobacterial electron transport chain (ETC) airway CIII2CIV2 supercomplexes. The IC50 value of Antimycobacterial agent-5 against Mycobacterium smegmatisCIII2CIV2 is 441 nM .
Fenoterol hydrobromide (Th-1165a), a sympathomimetic agent, is a selective and orally active β2-adrenoceptor agonist. Fenoterol hydrobromide is an effective bronchodilator and can be used for bronchospasm associated with asthma, bronchitis and other obstructive airway diseases research .
Stepronin (Standard) is the analytical standard of Stepronin. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Stepronin (Prostenoglycine) is an orally active expectorant (inhalation administration is preferable to oral administration). Stepronin inhibits airway secretion in vitro by reducing Cl - secretion from epithelial cells and mucus glycoprotein secretion from submucosal glands .
Itepekimab (REGN-3500) is an IgG4 monoclonal antibody against IL-33. Itepekimab reduced airway inflammation and related tissue damage in preliminary clinical studies. Itepekimab has potential effects in asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and atopic dermatitis (AD) .
RCM-1 is a forkhead box M1 (FOXM1) inhibitor with an EC50 of 0.72 μM in U2OS cells. RCM-1 blocks the nuclear localization and increased the proteasomal degradation of FOXM1. RCM-1 can be used for asthma and other chronic airway diseases research .
Esculetin is an active ingredient extracted mainly from the bark of Fraxinus rhynchophylla. Esculetin inhibits platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF)-induced airway smooth muscle cells (ASMCs) phenotype switching through inhibition of PI3K/Akt pathway. Esculetin has antioxidant, antiinflammatory, and antitumor activities .
LASSBio-1632 is a new anti-asthmatic lead candidate associated with selective inhibition of PDE4A and PDE4D isoenzymes and blockade of airway hyper-reactivity (AHR) and TNF-α production in the lung tissue. LASSBio-1632 (7j) displays high experimental BBB permeability across BBB through passive diffusion .
Mometasone furoate (Standard) is the analytical standard of Mometasone furoate. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Mometasone furoate (Sch32088) is a?glucocorticoid receptor?agonist with anti-inflammatory and anti-allergic activity. Mometasone furoate acts as a corticosteroid agent and used for topical applications in chronic skin eczema and airway inflammation management of asthma in vivo
Tulobuterol hydrochloride (C-78) is a long-acting β2-adrenoceptor agonist, which reduces the frequency of exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and bronchial asthma. Tulobuterol hydrochloride is also a sympathomimetic agent used as a transdermal patch, increases normal diaphragm muscle strength . Tulobuterol hydrochloride inhibit rhinovirus replication and modulate airway inflammation .
(S)-Coriolic acid (13(S)-HODE), the product of 15-lipoxygenase (15-LOX) metabolism of linoleic acid, functions as the endogenous ligand to activate PPARγ. (S)-Coriolic acid is an important intracellular signal agent and is involved in cell proliferation and differentiation in various biological systems. (S)-Coriolic acid induces mitochondrial dysfunction and airway epithelial injury .
Reslizumab (Sch 55700) is humanized monoclonal antibodies that target interleukin-5 (IL-5) for the treatment of eosinophilic asthma. Reslizumab is effective in neutralizing the function of IL-5. Reslizumab has high binding affinity for human IL-5, with KD values of 109 pM and 4.3 pM in the the Biacore surface plasmon resonance and Kinetic Exclusion Assay, respectively .
Ethacrynic acid has anti-inflammatory and anticancer activity. Ethacrynic acid is an orally active diuretic. Ethacrynic acid is an inhibitor of glutathione S-transferase (GSTs) and Wnt signaling pathways. Ethacrynic acid is a radiosensitizer. Ethacrynic acid can inhibit airway smooth muscle (ASM) contraction in mice. Ethacrynic acid can increase the outflow of aqueous humor from the eye for the study of glaucoma .
FIZZ-1 (32-51) (mouse) is a cysteine-rich secretory protein that is highly expressed by macrophages, bronchial epithelial and type II alveolar epithelial cells (AEC) in allergic airway inflammation. FIZZ1 (32-51) (mouse) also shows an antiapoptotic effect on lung fibroblasts. FIZZ-1 (32-51) (mouse) can be used in the study of allergic pneumonia .
Fenoterol (hydrobromide) (Standard) is the analytical standard of Fenoterol (hydrobromide). This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Fenoterol hydrobromide (Th-1165a), a sympathomimetic agent, is a selective and orally active β2-adrenoceptor agonist. Fenoterol hydrobromide is an effective bronchodilator and can be used for bronchospasm associated with asthma, bronchitis and other obstructive airway diseases research .
Byakangelicol, isolated from Angelica dahurica, inhibits interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta) -induced prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) release in A549 cells mediated by suppression of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) expression and the activity of COX-2 enzyme. Byakangelicol has therapeutic potential as an anti-inflammatory agent on airway inflammation .
Montelukast sodium (MK0476) is a potent, selective and orally active antagonist of cysteinyl leukotriene receptor 1 (CysLT1). Montelukast sodium can be used for the reseach of asthma and liver injury. Montelukast sodium also has an antioxidant effect in intestinal ischemia-reperfusion injury, and could reduce cardiac damage. Montelukast sodium decreases eosinophil infiltration into the asthmatic airways. Montelukast sodium can also be used for COVID-19 research .
Fenoterol-d6 (hydrobromide) (Th-1165a-d6) is the deuterium labeled Fenoterol hydrobromide. Fenoterol hydrobromide (Th-1165a), a sympathomimetic agent, is a selective and orally active β2-adrenoceptor agonist. Fenoterol hydrobromide is an effective bronchodilator and can be used for bronchospasm associated with asthma, bronchitis and other obstructive airway diseases research[1][2].
Ethacrynic acid (Etacrynic acid sodium) sodium is a diuretic. Ethacrynic acid sodium is an inhibitor of glutathione S-transferases (GSTs). Ethacrynic acid sodium is a potent inhibitor of NF-kB-signaling pathway, and also modulates leukotriene formation. Ethacrynic acid sodium also inhibits L-type voltage-dependent and store-operated calcium channel, leading to relaxation of airway smooth muscle (ASM) cells. Ethacrynic acid sodium has anti-inflammatory properties that reduces the retinoid-induced ear edema in mice .
iJak-381 is a JAK1/2 inhibitor with anti-inflammatory activity. iJak-381 blocks IL-13 signaling and also inhibits IL-4 and IL-6 signaling pathways. iJak-381 also reduced p-STAT6 levels and inhibited the influx of inflammatory cells into the lungs of mice. iJak-381 inhibits airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR) .
MK-0873 is a selective phosphodiesterase-4 (PDE4) inhibitor. MK-0873 increases intracellular levels of cyclic adenosine phosphate (cAMP) by inhibiting the activity of the PDE4 enzyme and subsequently activates protein kinase A (PKA). Activated PKA inhibits the activity of inflammatory cells and leads to direct relaxation of airway smooth muscle. MK-0873 can be used in studies of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) .
Reproterol hydrochloride is a dual-acting beta2-adrenoceptor agonist and phosphodiesterase inhibitor. Reproterol hydrochloride is more potent than albuterol and feterol in stimulating cAMP production in human monocytes, demonstrating its potential in enhancing airway function. Furthermore, Reproterol significantly inhibited the production of LTB4, indicating its anti-inflammatory properties. Reproterol hydrochloride may have inhibitory effects in respiratory diseases such as asthma and COPD .
Montelukast (MK0476 free base) is a potent, selective and orally active antagonist of cysteinyl leukotriene receptor 1 (CysLT1). Montelukast can be used for the reseach of asthma and liver injury. Montelukast also has an antioxidant effect in intestinal ischemia-reperfusion injury, and could reduce cardiac damage. Montelukast decreases eosinophil infiltration into the asthmatic airways. Montelukast can also be used for COVID-19 research .
PNRI-299 is a selective AP-1 transcription inhibitor with an IC50 of 20 uM. PNRI-299 is a selective APE/Ref-1 inhibitor. PNRI-299 has no effect on NF-κB transcription or thioredoxin (up to 200 uM). PNRI-299 significantly reduces airway eosinophil infiltration, mucus hypersecretion, edema, and IL-4 levels in a mouse asthma model .
Eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) is converted to epoxyeicosatetraenoic acids (EpETEs) by several cytochrome P450 isoforms. The major product of this epoxygenase pathway, (±)17(18)-EpETE, relaxes vascular and airway smooth muscle by activating large conductance Ca 2+-activated K + (BKCa) channels by directly interacting with BKα channel subunits. (±)8(9)-EpETE is an epoxygenase pathway product produced from EPA by CYP450 both in vitro and in vivo.
APC 366 is a selective inhibitor of mast cell tryptase (Ki=7.1 μM). APC 366 inhibits antigen-induced early asthmatic response (EAR), late asthmatic response (LAR), and bronchial hyperresponsiveness (BHR) in a sheep model of allergic asthma .
Ethacrynic acid D5 is a deuterium labeled Ethacrynic acid. Ethacrynic acid is a diuretic. Ethacrynic acid is an inhibitor of glutathione S-transferases (GSTs). Ethacrynic acid is a potent inhibitor of NF-kB-signaling pathway, and also modulates leukotriene formation. Ethacrynic acid also inhibits L-type voltage-dependent and store-operated calcium channel, leading to relaxation of airway smooth muscle (ASM) cells. Ethacrynic acid has anti-inflammatory properties that reduces the retinoid-induced ear edema in mice .
Montelukast (MK0476) dicyclohexylamine is a potent, selective and orally active antagonist of cysteinyl leukotriene receptor 1 (CysLT1). Montelukast dicyclohexylamine can be used for the reseach of asthma and liver injury. Montelukast dicyclohexylamine also has an antioxidant effect in intestinal ischemia-reperfusion injury, and could reduce cardiac damage. Montelukast dicyclohexylamine decreases eosinophil infiltration into the asthmatic airways. Montelukast dicyclohexylamine can also be used for COVID-19 research .
FR900359 is a depsipeptide selective inhibitor of Gαq/11/14 in mammalia, can inhibits ERK pathway. FR900359 suppresses the proliferation of melanoma cells and decreases of blood pressure. FR900359 also protected against airway hyperreactivity in murine models of allergen sensitization in Ovalbumins(HY-W250978)–induced sensitization model of asthma. FR900359 can be used for cancer and cardiovascular disease research .
Phloretin (NSC 407292; RJC 02792) is a flavonoid extracted from Malus pumila Mill., has anti-inflammatory activities. Phloridzin is a specific, competitive and orally active inhibitor of sodium/glucose cotransporters in the intestine (SGLT1) and kidney (SGLT2). Phloretin inhibits Yeast-made GLUT1 as well as Human erythrocyte GLUT1 with IC50values of 49 μM and 61 μM, respectively .Phloretin has the potential for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and allergic airway inflammation .
BW B70C is a potent, selective and orally activearachidonic acid 5-lipoxygenase inhibitor. BW B70C inhibits both acute and allergic bronchoconstriction and late-phase eosinophil accumulation subsequent to allergen inhalation in guinea-pigs. BW B70C prevents leukotriene C4 synthesis and reduces leucocyte migration to the airways lumen as well as albumin microvascular leakage. BW B70C has the potential for the research of anti-asthma agent .
Ethacrynic acid (Standard) is the analytical standard of Ethacrynic acid. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Ethacrynic acid (Etacrynic acid) is a diuretic. Ethacrynic acid is an inhibitor of glutathione S-transferases (GSTs). Ethacrynic acid is a potent inhibitor of NF-kB-signaling pathway, and also modulates leukotriene formation. Ethacrynic acid also inhibits L-type voltage-dependent and store-operated calcium channel, leading to relaxation of airway smooth muscle (ASM) cells. Ethacrynic acid has anti-inflammatory properties that reduces the retinoid-induced ear edema in mice .
Montelukast (sodium) (Standard) is the analytical standard of Montelukast (sodium). This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Montelukast sodium (MK0476) is a potent, selective and orally active antagonist of cysteinyl leukotriene receptor 1 (CysLT1). Montelukast sodium can be used for the reseach of asthma and liver injury. Montelukast sodium also has an antioxidant effect in intestinal ischemia-reperfusion injury, and could reduce cardiac damage. Montelukast sodium decreases eosinophil infiltration into the asthmatic airways. Montelukast sodium can also be used for COVID-19 research .
PF-03715455 is a potent inhaled p38 MAPK inhibitor. PF-03715455 shows some selectivity for p38α over p38β with respective IC50 values of 0.88 and 23 nM. PF-03715455 potently inhibits LPS-induced TNFα production in human whole blood (IC50=1.7 nM). PF-03715455 has potential for the treatment of COPD (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease) .
Nodakenin is a major coumarin glucoside in the root of Angelica decusiva. Nodakenin inhibits acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity with an IC50 of 84.7 μM .
Levocabastine (R 50547) hydrochloride is a potent and selective histamine H1-receptor antagonist. Levocabastine hydrochloride is also a selective, high affinity neurotensin receptor subtype 2 (NTR2) antagonist, with a Ki of 17 nM for mNTR2. Levocabastine hydrochloride can act as a VLA-4 antagonist, interferes with conjunctival eosinophil infiltration in allergic conjunctivitis (AC) .
(E/Z)-ZL0420 is a racemic compound of (Z)-ZL0420 and (E)-ZL0420 isomers. (E)-ZL0420 is a potent and selective bromodomain-containing protein 4 (BRD4) inhibitor with IC50 values of 27 nM against BRD4 BD1 and 32 nM against BRD4 BD2 .
PF-184 is a potent and selective IKK-2 inhibitor (IC50: 37 nM) over rhIKK-1, IKKi, and more than 30 tyrosine and serine/threonine kinases. PF-184 can be used in the research of inflammation, such as asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease .
Levocabastine (R 50547) is a potent and selective histamine H1-receptor antagonist. Levocabastine hydrochloride is also a selective, high affinity neurotensin receptor subtype 2 (NTR2) antagonist, with a Ki of 17 nM for mNTR2. Levocabastine can act as a VLA-4 antagonist, interferes with conjunctival eosinophil infiltration in allergic conjunctivitis (AC) .
Montelukast (Standard) is the analytical standard of Montelukast. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Montelukast (MK0476 free base) is a potent, selective and orally active antagonist of cysteinyl leukotriene receptor 1 (CysLT1). Montelukast can be used for the reseach of asthma and liver injury. Montelukast also has an antioxidant effect in intestinal ischemia-reperfusion injury, and could reduce cardiac damage. Montelukast decreases eosinophil infiltration into the asthmatic airways. Montelukast can also be used for COVID-19 research .
Eprazinone can enhance lung function and arterial oxygen levels and can be used in the study of chronic bronchitis. Higher doses of eprazinone increased phospholipid levels and decreased neutral lipid content in bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid, but had no effect on protein and cell levels in BAL. Eprazinone dose-dependently reduced short-circuit current (Isc), primarily by reducing chloride secretion at lower concentrations and affecting sodium and chloride transport at higher doses. Eprazinone may exert its anti-inflammatory effects by regulating BAL lipid composition and airway ion transport .
Ayanin is a bioflavonoid isolated from Psychotria serpens. Ayanin is a non-selective phosphodiesterase1-4 inhibitor and can be used for the study of respiratory disease,such as allergic asthma et al .
YM-341619 (AS1617612) is a potent and orally active STAT6 inhibitor with an IC50 of 0.70 nM. YM-341619 inhibits Th2 differentiation in mouse spleen T cells induced by IL-4 (IC50=0.28 nM) without affecting Th1 cell differentiation . YM-341619 is a promising compound for the the research of allergic diseases, such as allergic asthma .
ZL0590 is a potent, orally active BRD4 BD1-selective inhibitor with an IC50 of 90 nM for human BRD4 BD1. ZL0590 exhibits significant anti-inflammatory activities .
Phloretin (Standard) is the analytical standard of Phloretin. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Phloretin (NSC 407292; RJC 02792) is a flavonoid extracted from Malus pumila Mill., has anti-inflammatory activities. Phloridzin is a specific, competitive and orally active inhibitor of sodium/glucose cotransporters in the intestine (SGLT1) and kidney (SGLT2). Phloretin inhibits Yeast-made GLUT1 as well as Human erythrocyte GLUT1 with IC50values of 49 μM and 61 μM, respectively .Phloretin has the potential for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis (RA)?and allergic airway inflammation .
L-97-1 is a A1 adenosine receptor (A1AR) antagonist. L-97-1 is a water-soluble small molecule compound with high affinity and high selectivity against human A1 adenosine receptors. L-97-1 works by blocking A1 adenosine receptors. In patients with asthma, adenosine is an important signaling molecule capable of causing bronchoconstriction by activating A1AR. L-97-1 reduces airway hyperreactivity (BHR) by competitively binding to A1AR, thereby alleviating or blocking adenosine-induced bronchoconstriction and inflammation .
Enoximone is an inotropic vasodilating agent and a selective and orally active phosphodiesterase III (PDE3) inhibitor with an IC50 of 5.9 μM. Enoximone induces vasodilatation and increases intracellular levels of cAMP by inhibiting cGMP-inhibited PDE. Enoximone also exhibits PDE4 inhibitory effect with an IC50 of 21.1 μM for myocardial PDE4A. Enoximone has the potential for congestive heart failure research and has bronchodilatory, antiasthma and anti-inflammatory effects .
GS143 is a selective IκBα ubiquitination inhibitor with an IC50 of 5.2 μM for SCF βTrCP1-mediated IκBα ubiquitylation. GS143 suppresses NF-κB activation and transcription of target genes and does not inhibit proteasome activity. GS143 has anti-asthma effect .
Theophylline (Standard) is the analytical standard of Theophylline. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Theophylline (1,3-Dimethylxanthine) is a potent phosphodiesterase (PDE) inhibitor, adenosine receptor antagonist, and histone deacetylase (HDAC) activator. Theophylline (1,3-Dimethylxanthine) inhibits PDE3 activity to relax airway smooth muscle. Theophylline (1,3-Dimethylxanthine) has anti-inflammatory activity by increase IL-10 and inhibit NF-κB into the nucleus. Theophylline (1,3-Dimethylxanthine) induces apoptosis. Theophylline (1,3-Dimethylxanthine) can be used for asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) research .
T16A(inh)-C01 is an inhibitor of TMEM16A (ANO1). T16A(inh)-C01 blocks chloride channel mediated by ANO1 with an IC50 of 8.4 μM, without interfering with calcium signaling .
Tiron is a non-toxic chelator of a variety of metals. Tiron is cell permeable analog of vitamin E and function as
hydroxyl radical and superoxide scavenger. Tiron is an orally active antioxidant. Tiron can be used to alleviate acute metal overload in animals .
PM-81I is a potent STAT6 inhibitor (targeting the SH2 structural domain) that effectively reduces STAT6 phosphorylation levels. PM-81I can be used in studies of allergic lung disease, allergic rhinitis, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease or cancer [1] sup>.
PM-43I is a potent STAT6 inhibitor and can reduce STAT6 phosphorylation level. PM-43I can be used in allergic lung disease, allergic rhinitis, chronic pulmonary obstructive disease and cancer research [1] sup>.
7,4'-Dihydroxyflavone (7,4'-DHF) is a flavonoid, which can be isolated from Glycyrrhiza uralensis. 7,4'-Dihydroxyflavone is eotaxin/CCL11 inhibitor and CBR1 inhibitor (IC50=0.28 μM). 7,4'-Dihydroxyflavone has the ability to consistently suppress eotaxin production and prevent dexamethasone (Dex)‐paradoxical adverse effects on eotaxin production . 7,4'-Dihydroxyflavone (7,4'-DHF) inhibits MUC5AC gene expression, mucus production and secretion via regulation of NF-κB, STAT6 and HDAC2.7,4'-Dihydroxyflavone (7,4'-DHF) decreases phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) stimulated NCI-H292 human airway epithelial cell MUC5AC gene expression and mucus production with IC50 value of 1.4 µM .
STAT6-IN-1 (compound 19a) is a STAT6 inhibitor with a high affinity for the SH2 domain of STAT6 (IC50=0.028 µM). STAT6-IN-1 can be used in studies of allergic lung disease, allergic rhinitis, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease or cancer .
Phenamil methanesulfonate, an analog of Amiloride (HY-B0285), is a more potent and less reversible epithelial sodium channel (ENaC) blocker with an IC50 of 400 nM . Phenamil methanesulfonate is also a competive inhibitor of TRPP3 and inhibits TRPP3-mediated Ca 2+ transport with an IC50 of 140 nM in a Ca 2+ uptake assay . Phenamil methanesulfonate is an intriguing small molecule to promote bone repair by strongly activating BMP signaling pathway . Phenamil methanesulfonate is used for the research of cystic fibrosis lung disease .
Fluticasone is an inhaled corticosteroid used for respiratory research. Fluticasone is a Smo agonist with an IC50 value of 99 nM. Fluticasone activates Hedgehog signaling and promotes the proliferation of primary neuronal stem or precursor cells .
SAHM1, a peptide mimetic of a dominant negative form of mastermind-like (MAML), inhibits canonical Notch transcription complex formation. SAHM1 can be used for the research of allergic airway inflammation in mice .
Ac2-26 ammonium is the N-terminal peptide of annexin 1, and has anti-inflammatory activity. Ac2-26 ammonium induces a decrease in IKKβ protein in lysosomes by chaperone-mediated autophagy (CMA). Ac2-26 ammonium ameliorates lung ischemia-reperfusion injury. Ac2-26 ammonium also inhibits airway inflammation and hyperresponsiveness in an asthma rat model .
Neurokinin A (Substance K), a peptide neurotransmitter of the tachykinin family, acts via the NK-2 receptor. Neurokinin A acts as a major mediator in human airway and gastrointestinal tissues .
Ala-Ala-Pro-Val-chloromethylketone is an irreversible human neutrophil elastase (NE) inhibitor for use in the study of chronic inflammatory airway diseases .
Neurokinin A TFA (Substance K TFA), a peptide neurotransmitter of the tachykinin family, acts via the NK-2 receptor. Neurokinin A acts as a major mediator in human airway and gastrointestinal tissues .
Biotin-NeurokininA is a biotinylated NeurokininA (HY-P0197). Neurokinin A (Substance K), a peptide neurotransmitter of the tachykinin family, acts via the NK-2 receptor. Neurokinin A acts as a major mediator in human airway and gastrointestinal tissues .
FIZZ-1 (32-51) (mouse) is a cysteine-rich secretory protein that is highly expressed by macrophages, bronchial epithelial and type II alveolar epithelial cells (AEC) in allergic airway inflammation. FIZZ1 (32-51) (mouse) also shows an antiapoptotic effect on lung fibroblasts. FIZZ-1 (32-51) (mouse) can be used in the study of allergic pneumonia .
Enokizumab (MEDI-528) is a monoclonal antibody targeting to interleukin (IL)-9. IL-9 regulates the development of airway inflammation, mucus production, airway hyperresponsiveness, and airway fibrosis largely by increasing mast cell numbers and activity in the airways .
Itepekimab (REGN-3500) is an IgG4 monoclonal antibody against IL-33. Itepekimab reduced airway inflammation and related tissue damage in preliminary clinical studies. Itepekimab has potential effects in asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and atopic dermatitis (AD) .
Reslizumab (Sch 55700) is humanized monoclonal antibodies that target interleukin-5 (IL-5) for the treatment of eosinophilic asthma. Reslizumab is effective in neutralizing the function of IL-5. Reslizumab has high binding affinity for human IL-5, with KD values of 109 pM and 4.3 pM in the the Biacore surface plasmon resonance and Kinetic Exclusion Assay, respectively .
Platyconic Acid A is an active component of changkil saponins from platycodon grandiflorum and can be used for the research of reducing airway inflammation .
Obtusifolin, isolated from the seeds of Cassia obtusifolia, regulates the gene expression and production of MUC5AC mucin in airway epithelial cells via inhibiting NF-kB pathway . Obtusifolin suppresses phthalate esters-induced breast cancer bone metastasis by targeting parathyroid hormone-related protein .
Sulfuretin inhibits the inflammatory response by suppressing the NF-κB pathway. Sulfuretin can be used for the research of allergic airway inflammation. Sulfuretin reduces oxidative stress, platelet aggregation, and mutagenesis . Sulfuretin is a competitive and potent inhibitor of monophenolase and diphenolase activities with the IC50 of 13.64 μM .
Diacerein (Diacerhein), an orally active anthraquinone, reduces production of IL-1 converting enzyme then inhibits the activation of IL-1β by related downstream signaling. Diacerein is an anti-inflammatory and anti-rheumatic drug. Diacerein can relieve bronchospasm and control airway inflammation in asthmatic mice. Diacerein has the potential for slow acting drug in osteoarthritis (SYSADOA) research .
Brevetoxin-3 (PbTx-3) is a potent allosteric voltage-gated Na + channel activator and has multiple active centers (A-ring lactone, C-42 of R side chain) . Brevetoxin-3 (PbTx-3) has a high affinity to site 5 of the voltage-sensitive Na + channels, inhibits the inactivation of Na + channels and prolongs the mean open time of these channels. Brevetoxin-3 (PbTx-3) repeated exposures can lead to prolonged airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR) and lung inflammation .
Theophylline (1,3-Dimethylxanthine) is a potent phosphodiesterase (PDE) inhibitor, adenosine receptor antagonist, and histone deacetylase (HDAC) activator. Theophylline (1,3-Dimethylxanthine) inhibits PDE3 activity to relax airway smooth muscle. Theophylline (1,3-Dimethylxanthine) has anti-inflammatory activity by increase IL-10 and inhibit NF-κB into the nucleus. Theophylline (1,3-Dimethylxanthine) induces apoptosis. Theophylline (1,3-Dimethylxanthine) can be used for asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) research .
Theophylline (1,3-Dimethylxanthine) sodium acetate is a potent phosphodiesterase (PDE) inhibitor, adenosine receptor antagonist, and histone deacetylase (HDAC) activator. Theophylline (1,3-Dimethylxanthine) sodium acetate inhibits PDE3 activity to relax airway smooth muscle. Theophylline (1,3-Dimethylxanthine) sodium acetate has anti-inflammatory activity by increase IL-10 and inhibit NF-κB into the nucleus. Theophylline (1,3-Dimethylxanthine) sodium acetate induces apoptosis. Theophylline (1,3-Dimethylxanthine) sodium acetate can be used for asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) research .
Theophylline (1,3-Dimethylxanthine) monohydrate is a potent phosphodiesterase (PDE) inhibitor, adenosine receptor antagonist, and histone deacetylase (HDAC) activator. Theophylline (1,3-Dimethylxanthine) monohydrate inhibits PDE3 activity to relax airway smooth muscle. Theophylline (1,3-Dimethylxanthine) monohydrate has anti-inflammatory activity by increase IL-10 and inhibit NF-κB into the nucleus. Theophylline (1,3-Dimethylxanthine) monohydrate induces apoptosis. Theophylline (1,3-Dimethylxanthine) monohydrate can be used for asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) research .
Phosphorylcholine chloride (Phosphocholine chloride) is an antigenic cell-surface component found on many commensal and pathogenic bacteria that reside in the upper airway.
Sappanone A is a homoisoflavanone which exhibits anti-inflammatory effects via modulation of Nrf2 and NF-κB. Sappanone can attenuate allergic airway inflammation in Ovalbumin-induced asthma .
Moracin M is a phenolic component that can be isolated from Mori Cortex, is a potent phosphodiesterase-4 (PDE4) inhibitor with IC50 values of 2.9, 4.5, >40, and >100 μM for PDE4D2, PDE4B2, PDE5A1, and PDE9A2, respectively. Moracin M has anti-inflammatory activity .
Rubusoside is a diterpene glycoside that is also a sweetener and solubilizer with anti-angiogenic, anti-cancer, anti-obesity, anti-allergic and anti-asthmatic effects. Rubusoside attenuates airway hyperresponsiveness and reduces inflammatory cells in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF), reducing OVA (HY-W250978)-induced airway inflammation. Rubusoside also prevents palmitic acid-induced lipotoxicity in pancreatic INS-1 cells, reduces the transport of human glucose transporters GLUT-1 and fructose GLUT-5, and inhibits NF-κB and α-amylase (α-amylase) .
Esculetin is an active ingredient extracted mainly from the bark of Fraxinus rhynchophylla. Esculetin inhibits platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF)-induced airway smooth muscle cells (ASMCs) phenotype switching through inhibition of PI3K/Akt pathway. Esculetin has antioxidant, antiinflammatory, and antitumor activities .
(S)-Coriolic acid (13(S)-HODE), the product of 15-lipoxygenase (15-LOX) metabolism of linoleic acid, functions as the endogenous ligand to activate PPARγ. (S)-Coriolic acid is an important intracellular signal agent and is involved in cell proliferation and differentiation in various biological systems. (S)-Coriolic acid induces mitochondrial dysfunction and airway epithelial injury .
Byakangelicol, isolated from Angelica dahurica, inhibits interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta) -induced prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) release in A549 cells mediated by suppression of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) expression and the activity of COX-2 enzyme. Byakangelicol has therapeutic potential as an anti-inflammatory agent on airway inflammation .
FR900359 is a depsipeptide selective inhibitor of Gαq/11/14 in mammalia, can inhibits ERK pathway. FR900359 suppresses the proliferation of melanoma cells and decreases of blood pressure. FR900359 also protected against airway hyperreactivity in murine models of allergen sensitization in Ovalbumins(HY-W250978)–induced sensitization model of asthma. FR900359 can be used for cancer and cardiovascular disease research .
Phloretin (NSC 407292; RJC 02792) is a flavonoid extracted from Malus pumila Mill., has anti-inflammatory activities. Phloridzin is a specific, competitive and orally active inhibitor of sodium/glucose cotransporters in the intestine (SGLT1) and kidney (SGLT2). Phloretin inhibits Yeast-made GLUT1 as well as Human erythrocyte GLUT1 with IC50values of 49 μM and 61 μM, respectively .Phloretin has the potential for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and allergic airway inflammation .
Nodakenin is a major coumarin glucoside in the root of Angelica decusiva. Nodakenin inhibits acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity with an IC50 of 84.7 μM .
Ayanin is a bioflavonoid isolated from Psychotria serpens. Ayanin is a non-selective phosphodiesterase1-4 inhibitor and can be used for the study of respiratory disease,such as allergic asthma et al .
Phloretin (Standard) is the analytical standard of Phloretin. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Phloretin (NSC 407292; RJC 02792) is a flavonoid extracted from Malus pumila Mill., has anti-inflammatory activities. Phloridzin is a specific, competitive and orally active inhibitor of sodium/glucose cotransporters in the intestine (SGLT1) and kidney (SGLT2). Phloretin inhibits Yeast-made GLUT1 as well as Human erythrocyte GLUT1 with IC50values of 49 μM and 61 μM, respectively .Phloretin has the potential for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis (RA)?and allergic airway inflammation .
Theophylline (Standard) is the analytical standard of Theophylline. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Theophylline (1,3-Dimethylxanthine) is a potent phosphodiesterase (PDE) inhibitor, adenosine receptor antagonist, and histone deacetylase (HDAC) activator. Theophylline (1,3-Dimethylxanthine) inhibits PDE3 activity to relax airway smooth muscle. Theophylline (1,3-Dimethylxanthine) has anti-inflammatory activity by increase IL-10 and inhibit NF-κB into the nucleus. Theophylline (1,3-Dimethylxanthine) induces apoptosis. Theophylline (1,3-Dimethylxanthine) can be used for asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) research .
7,4'-Dihydroxyflavone (7,4'-DHF) is a flavonoid, which can be isolated from Glycyrrhiza uralensis. 7,4'-Dihydroxyflavone is eotaxin/CCL11 inhibitor and CBR1 inhibitor (IC50=0.28 μM). 7,4'-Dihydroxyflavone has the ability to consistently suppress eotaxin production and prevent dexamethasone (Dex)‐paradoxical adverse effects on eotaxin production . 7,4'-Dihydroxyflavone (7,4'-DHF) inhibits MUC5AC gene expression, mucus production and secretion via regulation of NF-κB, STAT6 and HDAC2.7,4'-Dihydroxyflavone (7,4'-DHF) decreases phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) stimulated NCI-H292 human airway epithelial cell MUC5AC gene expression and mucus production with IC50 value of 1.4 µM .
The TMPRSS11D protein is associated with host mucosal defense and acts synergistically with substances in the airway mucosa. It critically processes ACE2, activating the human coronavirus 229E spike glycoprotein to achieve virus-cell membrane fusion. TMPRSS11D Protein, Human (HEK293, His) is the recombinant human-derived TMPRSS11D protein, expressed by HEK293 , with N-His labeled tag. The total length of TMPRSS11D Protein, Human (HEK293, His) is 232 a.a., with molecular weight of ~27.6 kDa.
TMPRSS11B, a serine protease, is susceptible to inhibition by aprotinin, leupeptin, benzamidine, SERPINA1, SPINT1, and SPINT2, highlighting its susceptibility to various regulatory mechanisms. TMPRSS11B Protein, Human (HEK293, His) is the recombinant human-derived TMPRSS11B protein, expressed by HEK293 , with C-6*His labeled tag. The total length of TMPRSS11B Protein, Human (HEK293, His) is 378 a.a., with molecular weight of ~61.0 kDa.
Fenoterol-d6 (hydrobromide) (Th-1165a-d6) is the deuterium labeled Fenoterol hydrobromide. Fenoterol hydrobromide (Th-1165a), a sympathomimetic agent, is a selective and orally active β2-adrenoceptor agonist. Fenoterol hydrobromide is an effective bronchodilator and can be used for bronchospasm associated with asthma, bronchitis and other obstructive airway diseases research[1][2].
Theophylline-d3 is deuterated labeled Theophylline (HY-B0809). Theophylline (1,3-Dimethylxanthine) is a potent phosphodiesterase (PDE) inhibitor, adenosine receptor antagonist, and histone deacetylase (HDAC) activator. Theophylline (1,3-Dimethylxanthine) inhibits PDE3 activity to relax airway smooth muscle. Theophylline (1,3-Dimethylxanthine) has anti-inflammatory activity by increase IL-10 and inhibit NF-κB into the nucleus. Theophylline (1,3-Dimethylxanthine) induces apoptosis. Theophylline (1,3-Dimethylxanthine) can be used for asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) research .
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