Search Result

Pathways Recommended:	Autophagy

Results for "

mitochondrial autophagy

" in MedChemExpress (MCE) Product Catalog:

By Targets:	Atg8/LC3 (4) AUTACs (2) Autophagy (45) Mitochondrial Metabolism (8) Mitophagy (15) Adiponectin Receptor (1) Adrenergic Receptor (4) Akt (1) AMPK (8) Amyloid-β (1) Androgen Receptor (1) Antibiotic (3) Apoptosis (26) Bacterial (7) Bcl-2 Family (5) Beclin1 (2) Caspase (2) CFTR (4) Deubiquitinase (3) E1/E2/E3 Enzyme (1) ERK (2) Ferroptosis (3) Fungal (4) HIF/HIF Prolyl-Hydroxylase (2) HIV (7) HSP (1) Imidazoline Receptor (4) Isotope-Labeled Compounds (4) Keap1-Nrf2 (1) Ligands for Target Protein for PROTAC (1) MDM-2/p53 (1) mTOR (2) Necroptosis (2) NO Synthase (2) NOD-like Receptor (NLR) (4) Nucleoside Antimetabolite/Analog (4) Oxidative Phosphorylation (1) P-glycoprotein (5) P2X Receptor (1) p38 MAPK (1) p62 (5) Paraptosis (1) Parasite (2) PARP (2) Phosphatase (1) PI3K (2) PKC (1) Potassium Channel (4) RABV (1) RAD51 (2) Reactive Oxygen Species (6) Reverse Transcriptase (4) Sirtuin (1) STING (1) TNF Receptor (2) ULK (1) Wnt (1) β-catenin (1)
By Research Areas:	Cancer (34) Cardiovascular Disease (16) Endocrinology (1) Infection (17) Inflammation/Immunology (8) Metabolic Disease (19) Neurological Disease (13)

By Targets:

Atg8/LC3 (4)

AUTACs (2)

Autophagy (45)

Mitochondrial Metabolism (8)

Mitophagy (15)

Adiponectin Receptor (1)

Adrenergic Receptor (4)

Akt (1)

AMPK (8)

Amyloid-β (1)

Androgen Receptor (1)

Antibiotic (3)

Apoptosis (26)

Bacterial (7)

Bcl-2 Family (5)

Beclin1 (2)

Caspase (2)

CFTR (4)

Deubiquitinase (3)

E1/E2/E3 Enzyme (1)

ERK (2)

Ferroptosis (3)

Fungal (4)

HIF/HIF Prolyl-Hydroxylase (2)

HIV (7)

HSP (1)

Imidazoline Receptor (4)

Isotope-Labeled Compounds (4)

Keap1-Nrf2 (1)

Ligands for Target Protein for PROTAC (1)

MDM-2/p53 (1)

mTOR (2)

Necroptosis (2)

NO Synthase (2)

NOD-like Receptor (NLR) (4)

Nucleoside Antimetabolite/Analog (4)

Oxidative Phosphorylation (1)

P-glycoprotein (5)

P2X Receptor (1)

p38 MAPK (1)

p62 (5)

Paraptosis (1)

Parasite (2)

PARP (2)

Phosphatase (1)

PI3K (2)

PKC (1)

Potassium Channel (4)

RABV (1)

RAD51 (2)

Reactive Oxygen Species (6)

Reverse Transcriptase (4)

Sirtuin (1)

STING (1)

TNF Receptor (2)

ULK (1)

Wnt (1)

β-catenin (1)

By Research Areas:

Cancer (34)

Cardiovascular Disease (16)

Endocrinology (1)

Infection (17)

Inflammation/Immunology (8)

Metabolic Disease (19)

Neurological Disease (13)

Inhibitors & Agonists

Screening Libraries

Peptides

Natural
Products

Isotope-Labeled Compounds

Targets Recommended: Autophagy Mitochondrial Metabolism Mitophagy AUTOTACs AUTACs Atg4 Atg8/LC3

Cat. No.	Product Name	Target	Research Areas	Chemical Structure

HY-N1487

Oleanonic acid 1 Publications Verification 3-Oxooleanolic acid	HIV Autophagy Ferroptosis Amyloid-β	Infection Neurological Disease Inflammation/Immunology Cancer
Oleanonic acid (3-Oxooleanolic acid) is an orally available triterpene that has anti-inflammatory and insecticidal properties. In vitro, oleanonic acid can improve oxidative stress, *autophagy* defects, ferroptosis, mitochondrial damage, and endoplasmic reticulum stress induced by Amyloid-β, and in vivo, it can alleviate myocardial hypertrophy in rats .

HY-147108

Mitochondria degrader-1	Mitochondrial Metabolism	Neurological Disease Metabolic Disease Inflammation/Immunology Cancer
Mitochondria degrader-1 (example 5) is a potent *mitochondria* degrader. Mitochondria degrader-1 induces the degradation of the injured mitochondria by the autophagy mechanism. Mitochondria degrader-1 can be used for the research of neurodegenerative disease, cancer, inflammatory disease, age-related disease, metabolic disease, mitochondrial disease or Down's disease .

HY-15206

Glibenclamide 15+ Cited Publications Glyburide	Potassium Channel Mitochondrial Metabolism Autophagy CFTR P-glycoprotein	Metabolic Disease
Glibenclamide (Glyburide) is an orally active ATP-sensitive K ⁺ channel (K_ATP) inhibitor and can be used for the research of diabetes and obesity . Glibenclamide inhibits P-glycoprotein. Glibenclamide directly binds and blocks the SUR1 subunits of K_ATP and inhibits the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator protein (CFTR) . Glibenclamide interferes with mitochondrial bioenergetics by inducing changes on membrane ion permeability . Glibenclamide can induce *autophagy* .

HY-151412

T-271	Mitophagy	Neurological Disease
T-271 is a selective inducer of mitochondrial autophagy .

HY-110228

Metformin-d6 hydrochloride 1,1-Dimethylbiguanide-d₆ hydrochloride	AMPK Autophagy Mitophagy	Cardiovascular Disease Metabolic Disease
Metformin-d₆ (hydrochloride)e is a deuterium labeled Metformin hydrochloride. Metformin hydrochloride inhibits the mitochondrial respiratory chain in the liver, leading to activation of AMPK, enhancing insulin sensitivity for type 2 diabetes research. Metformin hydrochloride triggers autophagy[1].

HY-124726

Aumitin	Autophagy	Neurological Disease Cancer
Aumitin is a diaminopyrimidine-based *autophagy* inhibitor which inhibits mitochondrial respiration by targeting complex I. Aumitin inhibits starvation- and rapamycin induced autophagy dose dependently with IC₅₀s of 0.12 μM and 0.24 μM, respectively .

HY-134640

AUTAC4 2 Publications Verification	AUTACs Mitophagy	Neurological Disease Cancer
AUTAC4 is a mitochondria-targeting autophagy-targeting chimera (AUTAC). AUTAC4 downregulates cytosolic proteins and promotes targeted mitochondrial turnover via mitophagy .

HY-15206R

Glibenclamide (Standard) Glyburide (Standard)	Mitochondrial Metabolism Autophagy CFTR P-glycoprotein Potassium Channel	Metabolic Disease
Glibenclamide (Standard) is the analytical standard of Glibenclamide. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Glibenclamide (Glyburide) is an orally active ATP-sensitive K ⁺ channel (K_ATP) inhibitor and can be used for the research of diabetes and obesity . Glibenclamide inhibits P-glycoprotein. Glibenclamide directly binds and blocks the SUR1 subunits of K_ATP and inhibits the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator protein (CFTR) . Glibenclamide interferes with mitochondrial bioenergetics by inducing changes on membrane ion permeability . Glibenclamide can induce *autophagy* .

HY-156187

Anticancer agent 161	Others	Cancer
Anticancer agent 161 (Compound 3b) is a bioactive alkynol with anti-cancer potential. Anticancer agent 161 can trigger autophagy and mitochondrial membrane potential depletion .

HY-138978

MF-095	Mitophagy Deubiquitinase	Neurological Disease
MF-095 is a USP30 inhibitor. MF-095 promotes mitochondrial autophagy. MF-095 can be used in neurological disease-related research .

HY-150407

TSPO ligand-1	Ligands for Target Protein for PROTAC Autophagy	Others Neurological Disease Cancer
TSPO ligand-1 is the ligand of AUTAC4 (HY-134640) that can be used in the synthesis of PROTACs. TSPO ligand-1 is a mitochondrial outer membrane transmembrane structural domain protein can bind to AUTAC4 and regulate mitochondrial *autophagy* to promote targeted mitochondrial renewal. TSPO ligand-1 is also involved in the transport of cholesterol from the outer to inner mitochondrial membrane and serves as a sensitive biomarker of brain injury and neurodegeneration .

HY-17471A

Metformin hydrochloride Maximum Cited Publications 121 Publications Verification 1,1-Dimethylbiguanide hydrochloride	AMPK Autophagy Mitophagy	Cardiovascular Disease Metabolic Disease Cancer
Metformin hydrochloride (1,1-Dimethylbiguanide hydrochloride) inhibits the mitochondrial respiratory chain in the liver, leading to activation of AMPK, enhancing insulin sensitivity for type 2 diabetes research. Metformin hydrochloride triggers *autophagy* .

HY-147225

TSPO Ligand-Linker Conjugates 1	AUTACs Mitophagy	Neurological Disease Metabolic Disease Cancer
TSPO Ligand-Linker Conjugates 1 contains a ligand for translocator protein (TSPO) and a linker, which is used for the synthesis of mitochondria-targeting autophagy-targeting chimera (AUTAC). AUTAC can bind the TSPO on the outer mitochondrial membrane (OMM) of mitochondria and degrades impaired mitochondria and proteins via mitophagy, and improves mitochondrial activity. TSPO Ligand-Linker Conjugates 1 can be used in mitochondrial dysfunction related research, including neurodegenerative diseases, cancer, and diabetes .

HY-B0627A

Metformin (glycinate) 1,1-Dimethylbiguanide (glycinate)	AMPK Autophagy Mitophagy	Cardiovascular Disease Metabolic Disease Cancer
Metformin glycinate inhibits the mitochondrial respiratory chain in the liver, leading to activation of AMPK, enhancing insulin sensitivity for type 2 diabetes research. Metformin glycinate can cross the blood-brain barrier and triggers *autophagy* .

HY-B0627

Metformin Maximum Cited Publications 121 Publications Verification 1,1-Dimethylbiguanide	AMPK Autophagy Mitophagy	Cardiovascular Disease Metabolic Disease Cancer
Metformin (1,1-Dimethylbiguanide) inhibits the mitochondrial respiratory chain in the liver, leading to activation of AMPK, enhancing insulin sensitivity for type 2 diabetes research. Metformin can cross the blood-brain barrier and triggers *autophagy* .

HY-161909

USP30-I-1	Deubiquitinase	Cardiovascular Disease Neurological Disease
USP30-I-1 is a selective inhibitor of USP30 with an IC₅₀ value of 94 nM. USP30-I-1 can be used in the research of diseases with impaired mitophagy by targeting USP30 .

HY-N6626

Pyraclostrobin	Fungal Bacterial Bcl-2 Family Autophagy Beclin1 AMPK mTOR	Infection Metabolic Disease
Pyraclostrobin is a highly effective and broad-spectrum strobilurin fungicide. Pyraclostrobin can induce oxidative DNA damage, mitochondrial dysfunction and *autophagy* through the activation of AMPK/mTOR signaling. Pyraclostrobin can be used to control crop diseases .

HY-N6779

Patulin 3 Publications Verification Terinin	Bacterial Apoptosis Autophagy Antibiotic	Infection
Patulin (Terinin) is a mycotoxin produced by fungi including the Aspergillus, Penicillium, and Byssochlamys species, causes chromosome breakage, mutation, teratogenic and cytotoxic. Patulin induces autophagy-dependent apoptosis through lysosomal-mitochondrial axis, and causes DNA damage .

HY-12406

VLX600	Oxidative Phosphorylation Mitochondrial Metabolism Autophagy	Cancer
VLX600 is an iron-chelating inhibitor of oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS). VLX600 causes mitochondrial dysfunction and induces a strong shift to glycolysis. VLX600 displays selective cytotoxic activity against malignant cell and induces *autophagy*. Anticancer activity .

HY-17471AR

Metformin hydrochloride (Standard) 1,1-Dimethylbiguanide hydrochloride (Standard)	AMPK Autophagy Mitophagy	Cardiovascular Disease Metabolic Disease Cancer
Metformin (hydrochloride) (Standard) is the analytical standard of Metformin (hydrochloride). This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Metformin hydrochloride (1,1-Dimethylbiguanide hydrochloride) inhibits the mitochondrial respiratory chain in the liver, leading to activation of AMPK, enhancing insulin sensitivity for type 2 diabetes research. Metformin hydrochloride triggers *autophagy* .

HY-162084

BKN-1	Autophagy Apoptosis	Cancer
BKN-1 is a bifunctional ligand that can not only track the formation of mtG4s (G-quadruplexes, four-stranded DNA structures containing Hoogsteen bonds) through far-red emission, but can also induce mitochondrial dysfunction. BKN-1 has anti-tumor activity and may cause mtDNA loss, damage mitochondrial integrity, reduce ATP levels, and trigger ROS imbalance, leading to apoptosis and autophagy .

HY-134656

BC1618 1 Publications Verification	AMPK Mitophagy E1/E2/E3 Enzyme	Metabolic Disease Inflammation/Immunology
BC1618, an orally active Fbxo48 inhibitory compound, stimulates Ampk-dependent signaling (via preventing activated pAmpkα from Fbxo48-mediated degradation). BC1618 promotes mitochondrial fission, facilitates autophagy and improves hepatic insulin sensitivity .

HY-15206S

Glyburide-d11	Isotope-Labeled Compounds Potassium Channel Mitochondrial Metabolism Autophagy CFTR P-glycoprotein	Metabolic Disease
Glyburide-d₁₁ is the deuterium labeled Glibenclamide. Glibenclamide (Glyburide) is an orally active ATP-sensitive K+ channel (KATP) inhibitor and can be used for the research of diabetes and obesity[1]. Glibenclamide inhibits P-glycoprotein. Glibenclamide directly binds and blocks the SUR1 subunits of KATP and inhibits the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator protein (CFTR)[3]. Glibenclamide interferes with mitochondrial bioenergetics by inducing changes on membrane ion permeability[4]. Glibenclamide can induce autophagy[5].

HY-15206S1

Glyburide-d3 Glyburide-d₃	Potassium Channel Mitochondrial Metabolism Autophagy CFTR P-glycoprotein	Metabolic Disease
Glyburide-d₃ is the deuterium labeled Glibenclamide. Glibenclamide (Glyburide) is an orally active ATP-sensitive K+ channel (KATP) inhibitor and can be used for the research of diabetes and obesity[1]. Glibenclamide inhibits P-glycoprotein. Glibenclamide directly binds and blocks the SUR1 subunits of KATP and inhibits the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator protein (CFTR)[3]. Glibenclamide interferes with mitochondrial bioenergetics by inducing changes on membrane ion permeability[4]. Glibenclamide can induce autophagy[5].

HY-N6626R

Pyraclostrobin (Standard)	Fungal Bacterial Bcl-2 Family Autophagy Beclin1 AMPK mTOR	Infection Metabolic Disease
Pyraclostrobin (Standard) is the analytical standard of Pyraclostrobin. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Pyraclostrobin is a highly effective and broad-spectrum strobilurin fungicide. Pyraclostrobin can induce oxidative DNA damage, mitochondrial dysfunction and *autophagy* through the activation of AMPK/mTOR signaling. Pyraclostrobin can be used to control crop diseases .

HY-N2673

5-Heptadecylresorcinol 5-n-Heptadecylresorcinol; AR-C17	Sirtuin	Cardiovascular Disease Metabolic Disease
5-Heptadecylresorcinol (AR-C17), a phenolic lipid component, is also an orally active mitochondrial protector. 5-Heptadecylresorcinol improves mitochondrial function via sirtuin3 signaling pathway, thus alleviates endothelial cell damage and apoptosis. 5-Heptadecylresorcinol induces sirtuin3-mediated *autophagy*. 5-Heptadecylresorcinol reduces the atherosclerotic plaques in the aortic root region of mice heart. 5-Heptadecylresorcinol can be used for research of atherosclerosis prevention and obesity .

HY-N6779R

Patulin (Standard)	Bacterial Apoptosis Autophagy Antibiotic	Infection
Patulin (Standard) is the analytical standard of Patulin. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Patulin (Terinin) is a mycotoxin produced by fungi including the Aspergillus, Penicillium, and Byssochlamys species, causes chromosome breakage, mutation, teratogenic and cytotoxic. Patulin induces autophagy-dependent apoptosis through lysosomal-mitochondrial axis, and causes DNA damage .

HY-B0116

Stavudine 3 Publications Verification d4T	Reverse Transcriptase HIV Nucleoside Antimetabolite/Analog NOD-like Receptor (NLR) Autophagy Apoptosis	Infection
Stavudine (d4T) is an orally active nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NRTI). Stavudine has activity against HIV-1 and HIV-2. Stavudine also inhibits the replication of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA). Stavudine reduces NLRP3 inflammasome activation and modulates Amyloid-β autophagy. Stavudine induces apoptosis .

HY-B0116A

Stavudine sodium d4T sodium	Reverse Transcriptase HIV Nucleoside Antimetabolite/Analog NOD-like Receptor (NLR) Autophagy Apoptosis	Infection
Stavudine (d4T) sodium is an orally active nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NRTI). Stavudine sodium has activity against HIV-1 and HIV-2. Stavudine sodium also inhibits the replication of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA). Stavudine sodium reduces NLRP3 inflammasome activation and modulates Amyloid-β autophagy. Stavudine sodium induces apoptosis .

HY-N10443

Mammea A/BA	Parasite Apoptosis Autophagy Reactive Oxygen Species	Infection
Mammea A/BA has potent activity against Trypanosoma cruzi (T. cruzi). Mammea A/BA induces mitochondrial dysfunction, reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and DNA fragmentation, and increases number of acidic vacuoles. Mammea A/BA can induce apoptosis, *autophagy* and necrosis. Mammea A/BA can be used for researching chagas disease .

HY-115576

P62-mediated mitophagy inducer 4 Publications Verification PMI	p62 Mitophagy Autophagy	Neurological Disease Cancer
P62-mediated mitophagy inducer (PMI) is a P62-mediated mitophagy activator. P62-mediated mitophagy inducer activates mitochondrial *autophagy* without recruitment of Parkin or collapse of the mitochondrial membrane potential and remains active in cells lacking a fully functional PINK1/Parkin pathway. P62-mediated mitophagy inducer serves as a pharmacological tool to study the molecular mechanisms of mitosis, avoiding toxicity and some of the non-specific effects associated with the sudden dissipation of mitochondria lacking membrane potential .

HY-P10416

Q14 Q14 peptide	Deubiquitinase Mitophagy	Others Neurological Disease
Q14 is a polypeptide derived from the USP30 (ubiquitin specific peptidase 30) transmembrane (TM) domain with the ability to inhibit the deubiquitination activity of USP30 (IC₅₀=57.2 nM). Q14 reduces USP30 activity by inhibiting the interaction between the USP30 transmembrane domain and its catalytic domain. Q14 peptide contains the LC3 interaction region (LIR) motif, which enables it to bind to the LC3 and accelerate the formation of autophagosomes, thereby promoting mitophagy. Q14 can be used in the study of neurodegenerative diseases as well as mitochondrial quality control and cell metabolism .

HY-N6779S

Patulin-13C7 Terinin-¹³C₇	Isotope-Labeled Compounds	Infection
Patulin- ¹³C₇ (Terinin- ¹³C₇) is the ¹³C labeled Patulin (HY-N6779) . Patulin (Terinin) is a mycotoxin produced by fungi including the Aspergillus, Penicillium, and Byssochlamys species, is suspected to be clastogenic, mutagenic, teratogenic and cytotoxic. Patulin induces autophagy-dependent apoptosis through lysosomal-mitochondrial axis, and causes DNA damage .

HY-149127

Rosolutamide ASC-JM17; ALZ-003	Keap1-Nrf2 Androgen Receptor HSP Mitophagy	Metabolic Disease
Rosolutamide (ASC-JM17), a curcumin analog, is an orally active, potent Nrf1 and Nrf2 activator. Rosolutamide activates Nrf1, Nrf2 and heat shock factor 1 (Hsf1), thereby the expression of proteasome subunits, antioxidant enzymes and molecular chaperones. Rosolutamide degrades the polyglutamine (polyQ) androgen receptor (AR) via the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway and improves motor function in mouse models of spinal and bulbar muscular atrophy (SBMA). Rosolutamide improves mitochondrial function and promotes *autophagy, decreases mutant protein aggregates, and attenuates intracellular/mitochondrial* reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels .

HY-B0116S

Stavudine-d4	Isotope-Labeled Compounds Reverse Transcriptase HIV Nucleoside Antimetabolite/Analog NOD-like Receptor (NLR) Autophagy Apoptosis	Infection
Stavudine-d₄ is the deuterium labeled Stavudine. Stavudine (d4T) is an orally active nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NRTI). Stavudine has activity against HIV-1 and HIV-2. Stavudine also inhibits the replication of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA). Stavudine reduces NLRP3 inflammasome activation and modulates Amyloid-β autophagy. Stavudine induces apoptosis[1][2][3][4].

HY-161647

Antitumor agent-156	Reactive Oxygen Species Apoptosis Autophagy Ferroptosis	Cancer
Antitumor agent-156 (Compound 20) causes DNA damage and mitochondrial dysfunction, promotes reactive oxygen species generation, activates endoplasmic reticulum stress, and induce apoptosis, *autophagy* and ferroptosis. Antitumor agent-156 shows superior antitumor activity against cancer cells including Cisplatin (HY-17394) resistance cells. Antitumor agent-156 displayS good liver-targeting ability .

HY-100490

Rilmenidine	Imidazoline Receptor Adrenergic Receptor Apoptosis Autophagy	Cardiovascular Disease Cancer
Rilmenidine, an innovative antihypertensive agent, is an orally active, selective I1 imidazoline receptor agonist. Rilmenidine is an alpha 2-adrenoceptor agonist. Rilmenidine induces *autophagy. Rilmenidine acts both centrally by reducing sympathetic overactivity and in the kidney by inhibiting the Na ⁺/H ⁺ antiport. Rilmenidine modulates proliferation and stimulates the proapoptotic protein Bax thus inducing the perturbation of the mitochondrial* pathway and apoptosis in human leukemic K562 cells .

HY-100490B

Rilmenidine phosphate	Imidazoline Receptor Adrenergic Receptor Apoptosis Autophagy	Cardiovascular Disease Cancer
Rilmenidine phosphate, an innovative antihypertensive agent, is an orally active, selective I1 imidazoline receptor agonist. Rilmenidine phosphate is an alpha 2-adrenoceptor agonist. Rilmenidine phosphate induces *autophagy. Rilmenidine phosphate acts both centrally by reducing sympathetic overactivity and in the kidney by inhibiting the Na ⁺/H ⁺ antiport. Rilmenidine phosphate modulates proliferation and stimulates the proapoptotic protein Bax thus inducing the perturbation of the mitochondrial* pathway and apoptosis in human leukemic K562 cells .

HY-W016409

Ethyl 3,4-dihydroxybenzoate 1 Publications Verification Protocatechuic acid ethyl ester	HIF/HIF Prolyl-Hydroxylase Reactive Oxygen Species NO Synthase Autophagy Apoptosis	Metabolic Disease Cancer
Ethyl 3,4-dihydroxybenzoate (Ethyl protocatechuate), an antioxidant, is a prolyl-hydroxylase inhibitor found in the testa of peanut seeds. Ethyl 3,4-dihydroxybenzoate protects myocardium by activating NO synthase and generating mitochondrial ROS. Ethyl 3,4-dihydroxybenzoate induces cell *autophagy* and apoptosis in ESCC cells. Ethyl 3,4-dihydroxybenzoate is a collagen synthesis inhibitor and has a bone protecting-effect .

HY-N0867

13-Oxyingenol-13-dodecanoate	HIV ULK Bcl-2 Family	Infection Cancer
13-Oxyingenol-dodecanoate (13OD) is a tumor suppressor agent. 13-Oxyingenol-dodecanoate has anti-HIV-1 activity with EC₅₀ value of 33.7 nM .13-Oxyingenol-dodecanoate can induce the expression of ULK1 to effect mitochondrial dysfunction and cellular autophagy. 13-Oxyingenol-dodecanoate also increases the expression of BAX and suppresses the expression of BCL-2 to effect apoptosis .

HY-B0116R

Stavudine (Standard)	Reverse Transcriptase HIV Nucleoside Antimetabolite/Analog NOD-like Receptor (NLR) Autophagy Apoptosis	Infection
Stavudine (Standard) is the analytical standard of Stavudine. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Stavudine (d4T) is an orally active nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NRTI). Stavudine has activity against HIV-1 and HIV-2. Stavudine also inhibits the replication of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA). Stavudine reduces NLRP3 inflammasome activation and modulates Amyloid-β autophagy. Stavudine induces apoptosis .

HY-N3980

Guaiol Champacol; Guaiac alcohol	Autophagy RAD51	Infection Cardiovascular Disease Inflammation/Immunology Cancer
Guaiol is a sesquiterpenoid alcohol with oral activity found in various traditional Chinese medicines, exhibiting biological activities such as anti-proliferative, autophagy-promoting, insecticidal, anti-anxiety, anti-inflammatory, diuretic, and blood pressure-lowering effects. Guaiol induces apoptosis in non-small cell lung cancer cells by regulating the stability of RAD51 through autophagy modulation. Guaiol can also act directly on parasites, inhibiting their growth by affecting the kinetoplast, mitochondrial matrix and plasma membrane of the promastigotes. Guaiol kills amastigotes at an IC₅₀ of 0.01 µg/mL. Guaiol can be used in research related to cancer, infections, cardiovascular diseases, and inflammatory conditions ^[4]

HY-101180

C2 Ceramide 1 Publications Verification Ceramide 2	Phosphatase Mitochondrial Metabolism Apoptosis Autophagy	Metabolic Disease Endocrinology
C2 Ceramide (Ceramide 2) is the main lipid of the stratum corneum and a protein phosphatase 1 (PP1) activator. C2 Ceramide activates PP2A and ceramide-activated protein phosphatase (CAPP). C2 Ceramide induces cells differentiation, *autophagy* and apoptosis, inhibits mitochondrial respiratory chain complex III. C2 Ceramide is also a skin conditioning agent that protects the epidermal barrier from water loss .

HY-100490A

Rilmenidine hemifumarate	Imidazoline Receptor Adrenergic Receptor Apoptosis Autophagy	Cardiovascular Disease Cancer
Rilmenidine hemifumarate, an innovative antihypertensive agent, is an orally active, selective I1 imidazoline receptor agonist. Rilmenidine hemifumarate is an alpha 2-adrenoceptor agonist. Rilmenidine hemifumarate induces autophagy. Rilmenidine hemifumarate acts both centrally by reducing sympathetic overactivity and in the kidney by inhibiting the Na ⁺/H ⁺ antiport. Rilmenidine hemifumarate modulates proliferation and stimulates the proapoptotic protein Bax thus inducing the perturbation of the mitochondrial pathway and apoptosis in human leukemic K562 cells .

HY-N3980R

Guaiol (Standard)	Autophagy RAD51	Infection Cardiovascular Disease Inflammation/Immunology Cancer
Guaiol (Standard) is the analytical standard of Guaiol. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Guaiol is a sesquiterpenoid alcohol with oral activity found in various traditional Chinese medicines, exhibiting biological activities such as anti-proliferative, autophagy-promoting, insecticidal, anti-anxiety, anti-inflammatory, diuretic, and blood pressure-lowering effects. Guaiol induces apoptosis in non-small cell lung cancer cells by regulating the stability of RAD51 through autophagy modulation. Guaiol can also act directly on parasites, inhibiting their growth by affecting the kinetoplast, mitochondrial matrix and plasma membrane of the promastigotes. Guaiol kills amastigotes at an IC50 of 0.01 µg/mL. Guaiol can be used in research related to cancer, infections, cardiovascular diseases, and inflammatory conditions [4]

HY-100490S

Rilmenidine-d4	Isotope-Labeled Compounds Imidazoline Receptor Adrenergic Receptor Apoptosis Autophagy	Cardiovascular Disease Cancer
Rilmenidine-d₄ is the deuterium labeled Rilmenidine. Rilmenidine, an innovative antihypertensive agent, is an orally active, selective I1 imidazoline receptor agonist. Rilmenidine is an alpha 2-adrenoceptor agonist. Rilmenidine induces autophagy. Rilmenidine acts both centrally by reducing sympathetic overactivity and in the kidney by inhibiting the Na+/H+ antiport. Rilmenidine modulates proliferation and stimulates the proapoptotic protein Bax thus inducing the perturbation of the mitochondrial pathway and apoptosis in human leukemic K562 cells[1][2][3].

HY-I0501

2'-Aminoacetophenone o-aminoacetophenone	Bacterial Apoptosis Atg8/LC3 p62 Autophagy	Infection Inflammation/Immunology
2'-Aminoacetophenone is an orally active inducer of apoptosis and respiratory biomarker. 2'-Aminoacetophenone can be used to detect Pseudomonas aeruginosa infections in the lungs of cystic fibrosis patients. 2'-Aminoacetophenone can inhibit the protein levels of LC3BII and p62 in macrophages infected with pqsA or mvfR and regulate *autophagy. 2'-Aminoacetophenone can disrupt mitochondrial* function by inducing oxidative stress and apoptosis signaling, leading to dysfunction in mouse skeletal muscle .

HY-N9182

Zeaxanthin dipalmitate Physalien	Adiponectin Receptor P2X Receptor Autophagy	Inflammation/Immunology
Zeaxanthin dipalmitate (Physalien) is a wolfberry-derived carotenoid, has anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative stress effects. Zeaxanthin dipalmitate directly interact with p2X7 receptor (K_d=81.2 nM) and adiponectin receptor 1 (AdipoR1; K_d=533 nM) in a positive dose-dependent manner. Zeaxanthin dipalmitate restores mitochondrial *autophagy* functions suppressed by ethanol intoxication. Zeaxanthin dipalmitate can be used in the research of alcoholic fatty liver disease (AFLD) and retinitis pigmentosa (RP) .

HY-162944

NA-Ir	Ferroptosis Mitochondrial Metabolism STING Autophagy	Cancer
NA-Ir is a Ferroptosis inducer. NA-Ir targets mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) and activates the cGAS-STING pathway to induce ferritinophagy (Autophagy), while also generating reactive oxygen species (ROS) through photodynamic therapy (PDT), depleting glutathione (GSH), and downregulating glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4), thereby triggering lipid peroxidation and Ferroptosis. NA-Ir exhibits higher anticancer activity under light exposure and selectively inhibits cancer cells with high H₂S levels .

HY-15597

Salinomycin 30+ Cited Publications Procoxacin	Bacterial Wnt β-catenin Mitophagy Autophagy Apoptosis Antibiotic Parasite	Cancer
Salinomycin (Procoxacin), a polyether potassium ionophore antibiotic, selectively inhibits the growth of gram-positive bacteria. Salinomycin is a potent inhibitor of Wnt/β-catenin signaling, blocks Wnt-induced LRP6 phosphorylation. Salinomycin (Procoxacin) shows selective activity against human cancer stem cells .

Cat. No.	Product Name

HY-L180

Mitophagy Compound Library

604 compounds

Mitochondrial autophagy refers to the selective encapsulation and degradation of damaged mitochondria by cells through the autophagy mechanism, thereby maintaining mitochondrial and cellular homeostasis. The concept of mitochondrial autophagy has received extensive attention since it was proposed. Current studies have shown that the mechanisms of mitochondrial autophagy can generally be divided into two categories: Ubiquitin-dependent pathways and Ub-independent pathways. In addition, mitochondrial autophagy is a research hotspot related to the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases, cardiovascular diseases, cancer, metabolic diseases and other clinical diseases. Therefore, high-throughput screening based on mitochondrial autophagy can effectively screen out compounds that are closely related to the occurrence of diseases and analyze their mechanisms.

MCE can provide a library of 604 mitophagy compounds, which can be used for drug development and mechanism research in cancer, immunity, infection and other hot research fields.

HY-L155

Mitochondrial Toxicity Compound Library

486 compounds

Mitochondria, as the main place of energy supply in life, is essential to maintain normal life activities. Mitochondrial dysfunction is associated with common diseases, such as cardiovascular diseases, neurodegenerative diseases, diabetes and cancer. The heart, brain and liver rely heavily on mitochondrial function as the main organs for drug metabolism. In addition, mitochondria is also a target of many drugs, some of which induce organotoxicity by inducing mitochondrial toxicity.

MCE contains 486 mitochondrial toxic compounds, which can be used as tool compounds for drug development and disease mechanism research.

Cat. No.	Product Name	Target	Research Area

HY-P10416

Q14 Q14 peptide	Deubiquitinase Mitophagy	Others Neurological Disease
Q14 is a polypeptide derived from the USP30 (ubiquitin specific peptidase 30) transmembrane (TM) domain with the ability to inhibit the deubiquitination activity of USP30 (IC₅₀=57.2 nM). Q14 reduces USP30 activity by inhibiting the interaction between the USP30 transmembrane domain and its catalytic domain. Q14 peptide contains the LC3 interaction region (LIR) motif, which enables it to bind to the LC3 and accelerate the formation of autophagosomes, thereby promoting mitophagy. Q14 can be used in the study of neurodegenerative diseases as well as mitochondrial quality control and cell metabolism .

Cat. No.	Product Name	Category	Target	Chemical Structure

HY-N1487

Oleanonic acid 1 Publications Verification 3-Oxooleanolic acid	Triterpenes Structural Classification other families Classification of Application Fields Terpenoids Source classification Plants Disease Research Fields Cancer	HIV Autophagy Ferroptosis Amyloid-β
Oleanonic acid (3-Oxooleanolic acid) is an orally available triterpene that has anti-inflammatory and insecticidal properties. In vitro, oleanonic acid can improve oxidative stress, *autophagy* defects, ferroptosis, mitochondrial damage, and endoplasmic reticulum stress induced by Amyloid-β, and in vivo, it can alleviate myocardial hypertrophy in rats .

HY-N6779

Patulin 3 Publications Verification Terinin	Infection Structural Classification Natural Products Microorganisms Classification of Application Fields Source classification Disease Research Fields	Bacterial Apoptosis Autophagy Antibiotic
Patulin (Terinin) is a mycotoxin produced by fungi including the Aspergillus, Penicillium, and Byssochlamys species, causes chromosome breakage, mutation, teratogenic and cytotoxic. Patulin induces autophagy-dependent apoptosis through lysosomal-mitochondrial axis, and causes DNA damage .

HY-N2673

5-Heptadecylresorcinol 5-n-Heptadecylresorcinol; AR-C17	Structural Classification Gramineae Source classification Secale cereale Phenols Polyphenols Plants	Sirtuin
5-Heptadecylresorcinol (AR-C17), a phenolic lipid component, is also an orally active mitochondrial protector. 5-Heptadecylresorcinol improves mitochondrial function via sirtuin3 signaling pathway, thus alleviates endothelial cell damage and apoptosis. 5-Heptadecylresorcinol induces sirtuin3-mediated *autophagy*. 5-Heptadecylresorcinol reduces the atherosclerotic plaques in the aortic root region of mice heart. 5-Heptadecylresorcinol can be used for research of atherosclerosis prevention and obesity .

HY-W016409

Ethyl 3,4-dihydroxybenzoate 1 Publications Verification Protocatechuic acid ethyl ester	Structural Classification Arachis hypogaea L. Classification of Application Fields Leguminosae Source classification Phenols Polyphenols Metabolic Disease Plants Disease Research Fields	HIF/HIF Prolyl-Hydroxylase Reactive Oxygen Species NO Synthase Autophagy Apoptosis
Ethyl 3,4-dihydroxybenzoate (Ethyl protocatechuate), an antioxidant, is a prolyl-hydroxylase inhibitor found in the testa of peanut seeds. Ethyl 3,4-dihydroxybenzoate protects myocardium by activating NO synthase and generating mitochondrial ROS. Ethyl 3,4-dihydroxybenzoate induces cell *autophagy* and apoptosis in ESCC cells. Ethyl 3,4-dihydroxybenzoate is a collagen synthesis inhibitor and has a bone protecting-effect .

HY-N3980

Guaiol Champacol; Guaiac alcohol	Infection Structural Classification Natural Products Classification of Application Fields Source classification Distemonanthus benthamianus Baill. Plants Compositae Disease Research Fields	Autophagy RAD51
Guaiol is a sesquiterpenoid alcohol with oral activity found in various traditional Chinese medicines, exhibiting biological activities such as anti-proliferative, autophagy-promoting, insecticidal, anti-anxiety, anti-inflammatory, diuretic, and blood pressure-lowering effects. Guaiol induces apoptosis in non-small cell lung cancer cells by regulating the stability of RAD51 through autophagy modulation. Guaiol can also act directly on parasites, inhibiting their growth by affecting the kinetoplast, mitochondrial matrix and plasma membrane of the promastigotes. Guaiol kills amastigotes at an IC₅₀ of 0.01 µg/mL. Guaiol can be used in research related to cancer, infections, cardiovascular diseases, and inflammatory conditions ^[4]

HY-I0501

2'-Aminoacetophenone o-aminoacetophenone	Structural Classification Microorganisms Classification of Application Fields Ketones, Aldehydes, Acids Source classification Inflammation/Immunology Disease Research Fields	Bacterial Apoptosis Atg8/LC3 p62 Autophagy
2'-Aminoacetophenone is an orally active inducer of apoptosis and respiratory biomarker. 2'-Aminoacetophenone can be used to detect Pseudomonas aeruginosa infections in the lungs of cystic fibrosis patients. 2'-Aminoacetophenone can inhibit the protein levels of LC3BII and p62 in macrophages infected with pqsA or mvfR and regulate *autophagy. 2'-Aminoacetophenone can disrupt mitochondrial* function by inducing oxidative stress and apoptosis signaling, leading to dysfunction in mouse skeletal muscle .

HY-N6779R

Patulin (Standard)	Structural Classification Natural Products Microorganisms Source classification	Bacterial Apoptosis Autophagy Antibiotic
Patulin (Standard) is the analytical standard of Patulin. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Patulin (Terinin) is a mycotoxin produced by fungi including the Aspergillus, Penicillium, and Byssochlamys species, causes chromosome breakage, mutation, teratogenic and cytotoxic. Patulin induces autophagy-dependent apoptosis through lysosomal-mitochondrial axis, and causes DNA damage .

HY-N10443

Mammea A/BA	other families Source classification Coumarins Phenylpropanoids Plants Calophyllum brasiliense auct. non Camb.	Parasite Apoptosis Autophagy Reactive Oxygen Species
Mammea A/BA has potent activity against Trypanosoma cruzi (T. cruzi). Mammea A/BA induces mitochondrial dysfunction, reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and DNA fragmentation, and increases number of acidic vacuoles. Mammea A/BA can induce apoptosis, *autophagy* and necrosis. Mammea A/BA can be used for researching chagas disease .

HY-N0867

13-Oxyingenol-13-dodecanoate	Structural Classification Classification of Application Fields Terpenoids Gramineae Source classification Other Diseases Diterpenoids Leptochloa chinensis (Linn.) Nees Plants Disease Research Fields	HIV ULK Bcl-2 Family
13-Oxyingenol-dodecanoate (13OD) is a tumor suppressor agent. 13-Oxyingenol-dodecanoate has anti-HIV-1 activity with EC₅₀ value of 33.7 nM .13-Oxyingenol-dodecanoate can induce the expression of ULK1 to effect mitochondrial dysfunction and cellular autophagy. 13-Oxyingenol-dodecanoate also increases the expression of BAX and suppresses the expression of BCL-2 to effect apoptosis .

HY-N3980R

Guaiol (Standard)	Structural Classification Natural Products Source classification Distemonanthus benthamianus Baill. Plants Compositae	Autophagy RAD51
Guaiol (Standard) is the analytical standard of Guaiol. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Guaiol is a sesquiterpenoid alcohol with oral activity found in various traditional Chinese medicines, exhibiting biological activities such as anti-proliferative, autophagy-promoting, insecticidal, anti-anxiety, anti-inflammatory, diuretic, and blood pressure-lowering effects. Guaiol induces apoptosis in non-small cell lung cancer cells by regulating the stability of RAD51 through autophagy modulation. Guaiol can also act directly on parasites, inhibiting their growth by affecting the kinetoplast, mitochondrial matrix and plasma membrane of the promastigotes. Guaiol kills amastigotes at an IC50 of 0.01 µg/mL. Guaiol can be used in research related to cancer, infections, cardiovascular diseases, and inflammatory conditions [4]

HY-N9182

Zeaxanthin dipalmitate Physalien	Classification of Application Fields Terpenoids Source classification Diterpenoids Plants Solanaceae Lycium chinense Miller Disease Research Fields Inflammation/Immunology	Adiponectin Receptor P2X Receptor Autophagy
Zeaxanthin dipalmitate (Physalien) is a wolfberry-derived carotenoid, has anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative stress effects. Zeaxanthin dipalmitate directly interact with p2X7 receptor (K_d=81.2 nM) and adiponectin receptor 1 (AdipoR1; K_d=533 nM) in a positive dose-dependent manner. Zeaxanthin dipalmitate restores mitochondrial *autophagy* functions suppressed by ethanol intoxication. Zeaxanthin dipalmitate can be used in the research of alcoholic fatty liver disease (AFLD) and retinitis pigmentosa (RP) .

HY-N0484

Liensinine Maximum Cited Publications 10 Publications Verification	Cardiovascular Disease Alkaloids Structural Classification other families Classification of Application Fields Source classification Phenols Polyphenols Plants Disease Research Fields Alkaloid Dimers	Autophagy Mitophagy Apoptosis
Liensinine is an autophagy/mitophagy inhibitor. Liensinine, a major isoquinoline alkaloid, extracted from the seed embryo of Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn, has a wide range of biological activities, including anti-arrhythmias, anti-hypertension, anti-pulmonary fibrosis, relaxation on vascular smooth muscle, etc .

HY-18980

Rottlerin 5+ Cited Publications Mallotoxin; NSC 56346; NSC 94525	Structural Classification Chalcones Flavonoids Classification of Application Fields Source classification Phenols Polyphenols Euphorbiaceae Plants Disease Research Fields Mallotus philippensis Cancer	PKC Autophagy Apoptosis HIV RABV
Rottlerin, a natural product purified from Mallotus Philippinensis, is a specific PKC inhibitor, with IC₅₀ values for PKCδ of 3-6 μM, PKCα,β,γ of 30-42 μM, PKCε,η,ζ of 80-100 μM. Rottlerin acts as a direct mitochondrial uncoupler, and stimulates autophagy by targeting a signaling cascade upstream of mTORC1. Rottlerin induces apoptosis via caspase 3 activation . Rottlerin inhibits HIV-1 integration and Rabies virus (RABV) infection .

HY-I0501R

2'-Aminoacetophenone (Standard)	Structural Classification Microorganisms Ketones, Aldehydes, Acids Source classification	Bacterial Apoptosis Atg8/LC3 p62 Autophagy
2'-Aminoacetophenone (Standard) is the analytical standard of 2'-Aminoacetophenone. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. 2'-Aminoacetophenone is an orally active inducer of apoptosis and respiratory biomarker. 2'-Aminoacetophenone can be used to detect Pseudomonas aeruginosa infections in the lungs of cystic fibrosis patients. 2'-Aminoacetophenone can inhibit the protein levels of LC3BII and p62 in macrophages infected with pqsA or mvfR and regulate autophagy. 2'-Aminoacetophenone can disrupt mitochondrial function by inducing oxidative stress and apoptosis signaling, leading to dysfunction in mouse skeletal muscle .

HY-W016409R

Ethyl 3,4-dihydroxybenzoate (Standard)	Structural Classification Arachis hypogaea L. Leguminosae Source classification Phenols Polyphenols Plants	HIF/HIF Prolyl-Hydroxylase Reactive Oxygen Species NO Synthase Autophagy Apoptosis
Ethyl 3,4-dihydroxybenzoate (Standard) is the analytical standard of Ethyl 3,4-dihydroxybenzoate. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Ethyl 3,4-dihydroxybenzoate (Ethyl protocatechuate), an antioxidant, is a prolyl-hydroxylase inhibitor found in the testa of peanut seeds. Ethyl 3,4-dihydroxybenzoate protects myocardium by activating NO synthase and generating mitochondrial ROS. Ethyl 3,4-dihydroxybenzoate induces cell autophagy and apoptosis in ESCC cells. Ethyl 3,4-dihydroxybenzoate is a collagen synthesis inhibitor and has a bone protecting-effect [4].

HY-N3584

Paris saponin VII 2 Publications Verification Chonglou Saponin VII	Structural Classification Liliaceae Classification of Application Fields Source classification Trillium tschonoskii Maxim. Plants Disease Research Fields Steroids Cancer	Akt p38 MAPK P-glycoprotein Bcl-2 Family Caspase PARP Autophagy Apoptosis
Paris saponin VII (Chonglou Saponin VII) is a steroidal saponin isolated from the roots and rhizomes of Trillium tschonoskii. Paris saponin VII-induced apoptosis in K562/ADR cells is associated with Akt/MAPK and the inhibition of P-gp. Paris saponin VII attenuates mitochondrial membrane potential, increases the expression of apoptosis-related proteins, such as Bax and cytochrome c, and decreases the protein expression levels of Bcl-2, caspase-9, caspase-3, PARP-1, and p-Akt. Paris saponin VII induces a robust autophagy in K562/ADR cells and provides a biochemical basis in the treatment of leukemia .

HY-W010201

Citronellol 2 Publications Verification (±)-Citronellol; (±)-β-Citronellol	Structural Classification Other Monoterpenes Microorganisms Classification of Application Fields Terpenoids Source classification Plants Geraniaceae Disease Research Fields Cancer	Reactive Oxygen Species ERK PI3K TNF Receptor Atg8/LC3 p62 Apoptosis Necroptosis Autophagy Fungal
Citronellol ((±)-Citronellol) is an orally active inducer of apoptosis. Citronellol can prevent oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, and apoptosis in the SH-SY5Y cell Parkinson's disease model induced by 6-OHDA by regulating the ROS-NO, MAPK/ERK, and PI3K/Akt signaling pathways. Citronellol can induce necroptosis in human lung cancer cells through the TNF-α pathway and accumulation of ROS. Citronellol can reduce the levels of LC-3 and p62 to regulate the *autophagy* pathway, inhibit oxidative stress and neuroinflammation, and thus have neuroprotective effects on Parkinson's rats. Citronellol exhibits anti-fungal activity against Trichophyton rubrum by inhibiting ergosterol synthesis .

HY-W010201R

Citronellol (Standard) (±)-Citronellol (Standard); (±)-β-Citronellol (Standard)	Structural Classification Other Monoterpenes Microorganisms Classification of Application Fields Terpenoids Source classification Plants Geraniaceae Disease Research Fields Cancer	Reactive Oxygen Species ERK PI3K TNF Receptor Atg8/LC3 p62 Apoptosis Necroptosis Autophagy Fungal
Citronellol (Standard) is the analytical standard of Citronellol. Citronellol (Standard) is an orally active inducer of apoptosis. Citronellol (Standard) can prevent oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, and apoptosis in the SH-SY5Y cell Parkinson's disease model induced by 6-OHDA by regulating the ROS-NO, MAPK/ERK, and PI3K/Akt signaling pathways. Citronellol (Standard) can induce necroptosis in human lung cancer cells through the TNF-α pathway and accumulation of ROS. Citronellol (Standard) can reduce the levels of LC-3 and p62 to regulate the *autophagy* pathway, inhibit oxidative stress and neuroinflammation, and thus have neuroprotective effects on Parkinson's rats. Citronellol (Standard) exhibits anti-fungal activity against Trichophyton rubrum by inhibiting ergosterol synthesis .

Cat. No.	Product Name	Chemical Structure

HY-110228

Metformin-d6 hydrochloride
Metformin-d₆ (hydrochloride)e is a deuterium labeled Metformin hydrochloride. Metformin hydrochloride inhibits the mitochondrial respiratory chain in the liver, leading to activation of AMPK, enhancing insulin sensitivity for type 2 diabetes research. Metformin hydrochloride triggers autophagy[1].

HY-15206S1

Glyburide-d3

Glyburide-d₃ is the deuterium labeled Glibenclamide. Glibenclamide (Glyburide) is an orally active ATP-sensitive K+ channel (KATP) inhibitor and can be used for the research of diabetes and obesity[1]. Glibenclamide inhibits P-glycoprotein. Glibenclamide directly binds and blocks the SUR1 subunits of KATP and inhibits the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator protein (CFTR)[3]. Glibenclamide interferes with mitochondrial bioenergetics by inducing changes on membrane ion permeability[4]. Glibenclamide can induce autophagy[5].

HY-15206S

Glyburide-d11

Glyburide-d₁₁ is the deuterium labeled Glibenclamide. Glibenclamide (Glyburide) is an orally active ATP-sensitive K+ channel (KATP) inhibitor and can be used for the research of diabetes and obesity[1]. Glibenclamide inhibits P-glycoprotein. Glibenclamide directly binds and blocks the SUR1 subunits of KATP and inhibits the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator protein (CFTR)[3]. Glibenclamide interferes with mitochondrial bioenergetics by inducing changes on membrane ion permeability[4]. Glibenclamide can induce autophagy[5].

HY-N6779S

Patulin-13C7
Patulin- ¹³C₇ (Terinin- ¹³C₇) is the ¹³C labeled Patulin (HY-N6779) . Patulin (Terinin) is a mycotoxin produced by fungi including the Aspergillus, Penicillium, and Byssochlamys species, is suspected to be clastogenic, mutagenic, teratogenic and cytotoxic. Patulin induces autophagy-dependent apoptosis through lysosomal-mitochondrial axis, and causes DNA damage .

HY-B0116S

Stavudine-d4
Stavudine-d₄ is the deuterium labeled Stavudine. Stavudine (d4T) is an orally active nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NRTI). Stavudine has activity against HIV-1 and HIV-2. Stavudine also inhibits the replication of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA). Stavudine reduces NLRP3 inflammasome activation and modulates Amyloid-β autophagy. Stavudine induces apoptosis[1][2][3][4].

HY-100490S

Rilmenidine-d4

Rilmenidine-d₄ is the deuterium labeled Rilmenidine. Rilmenidine, an innovative antihypertensive agent, is an orally active, selective I1 imidazoline receptor agonist. Rilmenidine is an alpha 2-adrenoceptor agonist. Rilmenidine induces autophagy. Rilmenidine acts both centrally by reducing sympathetic overactivity and in the kidney by inhibiting the Na+/H+ antiport. Rilmenidine modulates proliferation and stimulates the proapoptotic protein Bax thus inducing the perturbation of the mitochondrial pathway and apoptosis in human leukemic K562 cells[1][2][3].

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