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Results for "

GSH

" in MedChemExpress (MCE) Product Catalog:

By Targets:	Adrenergic Receptor (2) Amino Acid Derivatives (1) AMPK (1) Amyloid-β (1) Anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) (1) Angiotensin-converting Enzyme (ACE) (1) Apoptosis (9) Autophagy (7) Bacterial (4) Bcl-2 Family (1) Bcr-Abl (1) Biochemical Assay Reagents (1) CDK (1) Cholecystokinin Receptor (3) Cholinesterase (ChE) (2) COMT (1) COX (1) Cyclin G-associated Kinase (GAK) (1) Drug Metabolite (1) Endogenous Metabolite (17) ERK (2) Ferroptosis (15) Fluorescent Dye (5) Fungal (1) Glutathione Peroxidase (2) Glutathione S-transferase (4) Glyoxalase (GLO) (2) GnRH Receptor (1) HBV (1) HCV (1) HIV (3) HSP (1) IKK (1) Interleukin Related (2) Isotope-Labeled Compounds (4) JNK (3) Keap1-Nrf2 (6) Liposome (1) MDM-2/p53 (2) Melatonin Receptor (1) Microtubule/Tubulin (1) Mitochondrial Metabolism (1) Mitophagy (1) mTOR (1) Mucin (1) NF-κB (2) NO Synthase (1) P-glycoprotein (1) p38 MAPK (1) Parasite (3) PDGFR (1) Polo-like Kinase (PLK) (1) Prostaglandin Receptor (2) PROTAC Linkers (1) PROTACs (1) Reactive Oxygen Species (26) ROS Kinase (2) STING (1) TNF Receptor (2) Topoisomerase (5)
By Research Areas:	Cancer (44) Cardiovascular Disease (10) Endocrinology (5) Infection (9) Inflammation/Immunology (26) Metabolic Disease (12) Neurological Disease (18)
Oligonucleotides:	Cationic Lipids (1)

Inhibitors & Agonists

Fluorescent Dye

Biochemical Assay Reagents

Peptides

MCE Kits

Inhibitory Antibodies

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Recombinant Proteins

Isotope-Labeled Compounds

Antibodies

Oligonucleotides

Cat. No.	Product Name	Target	Research Areas	Chemical Structure

HY-D0187

L-Glutathione reduced Maximum Cited Publications 29 Publications Verification GSH; γ-L-Glutamyl-L-cysteinyl-glycine	Endogenous Metabolite Reactive Oxygen Species Ferroptosis	Cardiovascular Disease Neurological Disease Inflammation/Immunology Cancer
L-Glutathione reduced (GSH; γ-L-Glutamyl-L-cysteinyl-glycine) is an endogenous antioxidant and is capable of scavenging oxygen-derived free radicals.

HY-P2833

Glutathione Peroxidase GSH-Px; EC 1.11.1.9	Glutathione Peroxidase	Others
Glutathione Peroxidase (GSH-Px; EC 1.11.1.9) belongs to the peroxidase family and is commonly used in biochemical research. Glutathione Peroxidase can catalyze reduced glutathione (GSH) to form a disulfide bridge with another glutathione molecule, convert it into oxidized glutathione (GSSG), and react with hydrogen peroxide or lipid peroxide reaction, reducing it to H₂O. Glutathione Peroxidase is an effective antioxidant against oxidative stress .

HY-126752

Ophthalmic acid	Reactive Oxygen Species	Inflammation/Immunology
Ophthalmic acid, an analogue of GSH, is a marker of oxidative stress and hepatic GSH consumption. Ophthalmic acid is an inhibitor of Glyoxalase I reaction .

HY-113402

Gamma-glutamylcysteine 2 Publications Verification γ-Glu-Cys	Endogenous Metabolite	Inflammation/Immunology
Gamma-glutamylcysteine (γ-Glutamylcysteine), a dipeptide containing cysteine and glutamic acid, is a precursor to glutathione (GSH). Gamma-glutamylcysteine is a cofactor for glutathione peroxidase (GPx) to increase GSH levels .

HY-D0187S6

L-Glutathione reduced-15N GSH-¹⁵N; γ-L-Glutamyl-L-cysteinyl-glycine-¹⁵N	Isotope-Labeled Compounds	Others
L-Glutathione reduced- ¹⁵N (GSH- ¹⁵N; γ-L-Glutamyl-L-cysteinyl-glycine- ¹⁵N) is ¹⁵N-labeled L-Glutathione reduced (HY-D0187). L-Glutathione reduced (GSH; γ-L-Glutamyl-L-cysteinyl-glycine) is an endogenous antioxidant that scavenges oxygen free radicals.

HY-D0187S4

L-Glutathione reduced-13C GSH-¹³C; γ-L-Glutamyl-L-cysteinyl-glycine-¹³C	Isotope-Labeled Compounds	Others
L-Glutathione reduced- ¹³C (GSH- ¹³C; γ-L-Glutamyl-L-cysteinyl-glycine- ¹³C) is ¹³C-labeled L-Glutathione reduced (HY-D0187). L-Glutathione reduced is an endogenous antioxidant and oxygen free radical scavenger.

HY-D0187S5

L-Glutathione reduced-d2 GSH-d₂; γ-L-Glutamyl-L-cysteinyl-glycine-d₂	Isotope-Labeled Compounds	Others
L-Glutathione reduced-d₂ (GSH-d₂; γ-L-Glutamyl-L-cysteinyl-glycine-d₂) is deuterated-labeled L-Glutathione reduced (HY-D0187). L-Glutathione reduced is an endogenous antioxidant and oxygen free radical scavenger.

HY-D0187S

L-Glutathione reduced-13C2,15N GSH-¹³C₂,¹⁵N; γ-L-Glutamyl-L-cysteinyl-glycine-¹³C₂,¹⁵N	Endogenous Metabolite Reactive Oxygen Species Ferroptosis	Cardiovascular Disease Neurological Disease Inflammation/Immunology Cancer
L-Glutathione reduced- ¹³C₂, ¹⁵N is the ¹³C- and ¹⁵N-labeled L-Glutathione reduced. L-Glutathione reduced (GSH) is an endogenous antioxidant and is capable of scavenging oxygen-derived free radicals.

HY-D0187B

L-Glutathione reduced monosodium GSH monosodium; γ-L-Glutamyl-L-cysteinyl-glycine monosodium	Endogenous Metabolite Reactive Oxygen Species Ferroptosis	Cardiovascular Disease Neurological Disease Inflammation/Immunology Cancer
L-Glutathione reduced monosodium is an endogenous antioxidant and is capable of scavenging oxygen-derived free radicals.

HY-148216

HBPC–GSH	Glyoxalase (GLO) Parasite	Infection
HBPC-GSH is a glyoxalase (Glo) inhibitor (cGloI IC₅₀=0.6 μM; cGloII IC₅₀=1.6 μM), a glutathione derivative. HBPC-GSH can be used in antimalarial research .

HY-151940

Mal-Pc	Reactive Oxygen Species	Cancer
Mal-Pc is a versatile molecular photosensitizer designed based phthalocyanine and maleimides. Mal-Pc can react with GSH to deplete GSH and reduce aggregation, thereby improving ROS (Reactive Oxygen Species)-mediated effect of photodynamic therapy (PDT) in cancer cells .

HY-113402R

Gamma-glutamylcysteine (Standard)	Endogenous Metabolite	Inflammation/Immunology
Gamma-glutamylcysteine (Standard) is the analytical standard of Gamma-glutamylcysteine. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Gamma-glutamylcysteine (γ-Glutamylcysteine), a dipeptide containing cysteine and glutamic acid, is a precursor to glutathione (GSH). Gamma-glutamylcysteine is a cofactor for glutathione peroxidase (GPx) to increase GSH levels .

HY-D0097

7-Fluorobenzofurazan-4-sulfonic acid ammonium	Fluorescent Dye	Others
7-Fluorobenzofurazan-4-sulfonic acid ammonium is a fluorescent label. 7-Fluorobenzofurazan-4-sulfonic acid ammonium can be used for detecting dissolved thiol-disulfide (e.g., Cys, GSH) .

HY-W010243

Methylisothiazolinone hydrochloride	Bacterial	Infection
Methylisothiazolinone hydrochloride is the constituent of the biocide Kathon CG. Methylisothiazolinone hydrochloride is an isothiazolone derivative widely used as a preservative. Methylisothiazolinone hydrochloride is also a moderate sensitizer and reacts with GSH .

HY-N7147

Irisquinone	Others	Cancer
Irisquinone, a natural product, is an anticancer agent. Irisquinone is also a radiation sensitizer for cancer. Irisquinone reduces GSH level and inhibits the repair of DNA singular strand breaks .

HY-Y1147

Diethyl maleate Maleic acid diethyl ester	Biochemical Assay Reagents	Others
Diethyl maleate is a maleate ester resulting from the formal condensation of both carboxy groups of maleic acid with ethanol. Diethyl maleate (DEM), a thiol-reactive α,β-unsaturated carbonyl compound, depletes glutathione (GSH) in exposed cells .

HY-D2041

3-HTC	Fluorescent Dye	Cancer
3-HTC is a chemical fluorescent probe. 3-HTC reacts reversibly with thiols and disulfides, and can be used to measure dynamic GSH/GSSH ratios in vitro as well as to monitor the reversible redox status of whole cell lysates (λ_max: 448 nm in its reduced thiolate form, and a λ_max 370-410 nm for the oxidized mixed disulfide) .

HY-131468

Picoplatin AMD473; ZD0473	Others	Cancer
Picoplatin (AMD473) is a platinum-based antineoplastic agent. Picoplatin is specifically to circumvent thiol-mediated drug resistance by sterically hindering its reaction with glutathione (GSH) while still retaining the ability to form cytotoxic lesions with DNA .

HY-118149A

(±)9-HpODE	Bacterial Fungal Parasite	Infection
(±)9-HpODE is a long chain lipid hydroperoxide, is a product of linoleic acid peroxidation. (±)9-HpODE can induce oxidation of intracellular glutathione (GSH). (±)9-HpODE also exhibits antimicrobial activity against various fungal and bacterial pathogens .

HY-W423573

N,S-Diacetylcysteine methyl ester	Amino Acid Derivatives	Others Metabolic Disease
N,S-Diacetylcysteine methyl ester is a cysteine derivative that can increase the levels of intracellular cysteine and glutathione. N,S-Diacetylcysteine methyl ester is hydrolyzed by intracellular esterase to release cysteine, thereby promoting the synthesis of glutathione. Due to its acetylation properties, N,S-Diacetylcysteine methyl ester has better cell membrane permeability and can enter the cell more effectively. N,S-Diacetylcysteine methyl ester can be used to study the intracellular cysteine and glutathione (GSH) transport system .

HY-119594

Melarsoprol	Parasite	Infection
Melarsoprol, a melaminophenylarsine-type trivalent organic arsenical, is an important drug for African trypanosomiasis. Melarsoprol is also active against leukemia cell lines and plasma cells from myeloma patients. Melarsoprol increases the biliary output of GSH in rats .

HY-159702

Eudragit RS 100	Mucin	Others
Eudragit RS 100 is a mucoadhesive, nonbiodegradable positively charged polymer,which can be used for research of developing nanoparticles (NPs) for the ophthalmic and oral administration of Ibuprofen (HY-78131) and Cyclosporins (HY-100731), as well as nano- and micro-fibres used as scaffolds. Eudragit RS 100 NPs interacts efficiently with mucin and promotes glutathione (GSH) transmucosal absorption .

HY-N11085

Isophysalin A	NO Synthase IKK	Inflammation/Immunology
Isophysalin A is a physalin with alpha and beta unsaturated ketone components. Isophysalin A binds to GSH and targets multiple cysteine residues on IKKβ. Isophysalin A also inhibits inducible NO synthase (iNOS) and nitric oxide (NO) production, showing anti-inflammatory activity .

HY-100609

4-P-PDOT 5+ Cited Publications	Melatonin Receptor	Neurological Disease
4-P-PDOT is a potent, selective and affinity Melatonin receptor (MT2) antagonist. 4-P-PDOT is >300-fold more selective for MT2 than MT1. 4-P-PDOT significantly counteracts Melatonin-mediated antioxidant effects (GSH/GSSG ratio, phospho-ERK, Nrf2 nuclear translocation, Nrf2 DNA-binding activity) .

HY-118642

D-Ribose-L-cysteine	Cholinesterase (ChE) Reactive Oxygen Species	Cardiovascular Disease Neurological Disease
D-Ribose-L-cysteine is an orally active cysteine analog. D-Ribose-L-cysteine improves cellular antioxidant capacity by enhancing intracellular glutathione (GSH) biosynthesis. In addition, D-Ribose-L-cysteine has a memory-enhancing effect and can reverse Scopolamine (HY-N0296)-induced memory impairment by inhibiting oxidative stress and acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity. D-Ribose-L-cysteine can be used in the study of neurodegenerative and cardiovascular diseases .

HY-134124

Glutathione ethyl ester	Reactive Oxygen Species	Inflammation/Immunology
Glutathione ethyl ester is a cell-permeable *GSH* donor and provides an efficient supply of GSH to the oocyte. Glutathione ethyl ester shows positive effect on the in vitro production of embryos by enhancement of the antioxidative defense .

HY-W017464

NAPQI	Drug Metabolite Endogenous Metabolite	Metabolic Disease
NAPQI is the toxic metabolite of Acetaminophen (HY-66005). NAPQI is also an inhibitor of enzymes in the vitamin K cycle. NAPQI is rapidly detoxified by glutathione (GSH), but in situations of GSH deficiency, excess NAPQI reacts with cysteine residues in proteins, causing cell death and toxicity in the liver .

HY-146172

Antioxidant agent-3	Reactive Oxygen Species	Inflammation/Immunology Cancer
Antioxidant agent-3 (Compound 14q), an potent antioxidant, displays potent DPPH radicals scavenging activity and ABTS ⁺ scavenging activity with IC₅₀s of 26.58 and 30.31 μM, respectively. Antioxidant agent-3 (Compound 14q) increases reactive oxygen species (ROS), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione (GSH), and reduced lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) in H₂O₂-treated HepG2 cells .

HY-161521

PLK1-IN-10	Polo-like Kinase (PLK)	Cancer
PLK1-IN-10 (Compound 4Bb) is an orally active PLK1 PBD (polo-box domain) inhibitor. PLK1-IN-10 blocks the interaction of PLK1 with the cell division regulator protein 1 (PRC1) and decreases the protein expression of the CDK1-Cyclin B1 complex. PLK1-IN-10 reacts with glutathione (GSH) to increase cellular oxidative stress, ultimately leading to cell death .

HY-101899

Monochlorobimane 5+ Cited Publications Chlorobimane，mBBr	Fluorescent Dye	Others
Monochlorobimane (Chlorobimane) is a fluorescent dye (λ_ex=380 nm, λ_em=470 nm) to measure glutathione (GSH) in cellular assays .

HY-W009177

S-Methylglutathione	Glyoxalase (GLO)	Others
S-Methylglutathione is an S-substitued glutathione and a stronger nucleophile than GSH . S-Methylglutathione has inhibitory effect on glyoxalase 1 .

HY-161750

PROTAC ALK degrader-2	PROTACs Anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK)	Cancer
PROTAC ALK degrader-2 (B1-PEG) is an ALK degrader based on PROTACs, with the DC₅₀ of 45 nM in H3122 EML4-ALK DC50 (GSH+). PROTAC ALK degrader-2, through PEGylation, is engineered to self-organize into micelles in water and releases its active form in response to the tumor-specific high GSH environment .

HY-114688

BITC-SG	Glutathione S-transferase	Others
BITC-SG is the conjugate of phenylisothiocyanate (BITC) and glutathione (GSH). BITC-SG is involved in the irreversible inhibition of GST P1-1 .

HY-W010243S

Methylisothiazolinone-d3 hydrochloride	Isotope-Labeled Compounds Bacterial	Infection
Methylisothiazolinone-d₃ (hydrochloride) is the deuterium labeled Methylisothiazolinone (hydrochloride). Methylisothiazolinone hydrochloride is the constituent of the biocide Kathon CG. Methylisothiazolinone hydrochloride is an isothiazolone derivative widely used as a preservative. Methylisothiazolinone hydrochloride is also a moderate sensitizer and reacts with GSH.

HY-144769

SDOX	Topoisomerase	Cancer
SDOX is the Doxorubicin (DOX) proagent. The loaded DOX proagents (SDOX) which can release the parent agents DOX triggered by excessive GSH in tumor cells, minimize the unexpected side effects on normal tissues without compromising the potency .

HY-N9349

Malvidin-3-O-arabinoside chloride	AMPK Autophagy	Metabolic Disease Inflammation/Immunology
Malvidin-3-O-arabinoside chloride ameliorates ethyl carbamate-induced oxidative damage by stimulating AMPK-mediated autophagy .

HY-D0187R

L-Glutathione reduced (Standard)	Endogenous Metabolite Reactive Oxygen Species Ferroptosis	Cardiovascular Disease Neurological Disease Inflammation/Immunology Cancer
L-Glutathione reduced (Standard) is the analytical standard of L-Glutathione reduced. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. L-Glutathione reduced (GSH; γ-L-Glutamyl-L-cysteinyl-glycine) is an endogenous antioxidant and is capable of scavenging oxygen-derived free radicals.

HY-159711

PPPDA-O16B	Liposome	Cancer
PPPDA-O16B is a lipid containing disulfide bonds used for DNA delivery. PPPDA-O16B can encapsulate DNA plasmid, releasing DNA selectively via lipid degradation catalyzed by GSH .

HY-W278582

Topoisomerase II inhibitor 14	Topoisomerase Apoptosis	Cancer
Topoisomerase II inhibitor 14 (compound 2f) is a potent inhibtor of Topoisomerase II, with anticancer activity. Topoisomerase II inhibitor 14 induces apoptosis, and arrests cell cycle at S phase. Topoisomerase II inhibitor 14 exhibits antioxidant effect and decreases the level of GSH, MDA, and NO .

HY-160874

GST-FH.4	Glutathione S-transferase	Metabolic Disease
GST-FH.4 is a GST-FH compound, a complex that produces frequent false positive hits (FH) in the interaction between glutathione S-transferase (GST) and glutathione (GSH) . GST-FH.4 inhibits glutathione S-transferase (GST) activity with an IC₅₀ of 24.38 μM .

HY-160875

GST-FH.1	Glutathione S-transferase	Metabolic Disease
GST-FH.1 is a GST-FH compound, a complex that produces frequent false positive hits (FH) in the interaction between glutathione S-transferase (GST) and glutathione (GSH) . GST-FH.4 inhibits glutathione S-transferase (GST) activity with an IC₅₀ of 0.32 μM .

HY-N2852

α-Terthienylmethanol	Others	Others
α-Terthienylmethanol is a terthiophene isolated from the n-hexane fraction of E. prostrata. α-Terthienylmethanol has potent cytotoxic activity against human endometrial cancer cells (Hec1A and Ishikawa) (IC₅₀ < 1 μM). α-Terthienylmethanol increases the intracellular level of ROS and decreases that of *GSH* .

HY-17363

Dimethyl fumarate 25+ Cited Publications	Keap1-Nrf2 Reactive Oxygen Species HIV Autophagy Endogenous Metabolite	Infection Neurological Disease Inflammation/Immunology Cancer
Dimethyl fumarate (DMF) is an orally active and brain-penetrant Nrf2 activator and induces upregulation of antioxidant gene expression. Dimethyl fumarate induces necroptosis in colon cancer cells through GSH depletion/ROS increase/MAPKs activation pathway, and also induces cell autophagy. Dimethyl fumarate can be used for multiple sclerosis research .

HY-113149

Argininosuccinic acid	Endogenous Metabolite Reactive Oxygen Species	Inflammation/Immunology
Argininosuccinic acid participates in the fourth step of the urea cycle, with being cleaved to arginine and fumaric acid by argininosuccinic acid lyase (ASL). Argininosuccinic acid reduces reduced glutathione (GSH) level, and increases the production of reactive oxygen species in cerebral cortex and striatum. Argininosuccinic acid causes lipid peroxidation and protein oxidation, and induces oxidative stress in the developing rat brain .

HY-159483

SelB-1	Topoisomerase Autophagy Glutathione Peroxidase	Cancer
SelB-1 serves as a dual inhibitor for Topoisomerase I/II. SelB-1 possesses anticancer activity and can be utilized in the research of prostate cancer and colon cancer. Furthermore, SelB-1 is also capable of inducing autophagy gene expression and lipid peroxidation, while simultaneously reducing the level of *GSH* .

HY-B0655

Zofenopril calcium SQ26991	Angiotensin-converting Enzyme (ACE) Reactive Oxygen Species	Cardiovascular Disease
Zofenopril Calcium (SQ26991) is an orally active angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor with antioxidant activity and cardioprotective effects. Zofenopril Calcium reduces ROS production and GSH consumption and helps inhibit foam cell formation, thus slowing the progression of atherosclerosis. Zofenopril Calcium prevents cardiac damage caused by chronic Doxorubicin (HY-15142A).

HY-113149A

Argininosuccinic acid disodium	Endogenous Metabolite Reactive Oxygen Species	Inflammation/Immunology
Argininosuccinic acid disodium participates in the fourth step of the urea cycle and is cleaved into arginine and fumarate by argininosuccinate lyase (ASL). Argininosuccinic acid disodium reduces reduced glutathione (GSH) concentrations and increases reactive oxygen species production in the cerebral cortex and striatum. Argininosuccinic acid disodium causes lipid peroxidation and protein oxidation and also induces oxidative stress in the developing rat brain .

HY-106376A

L-Buthionine-(S,R)-sulfoximine 5+ Cited Publications L-Buthionine sulfoximine; L-BSO	Ferroptosis	Cancer
L-Buthionine-(S,R)-sulfoximine is a cell-permeable, potent, fast acting and irreversible inhibitor of g-glutamylcysteine synthetase and depletes cellular glutathione levels. The IC₅₀ value of L-Buthionine-(S,R)-sulfoximine on melanoma, breast and ovarian tumor specimens are 1.9 μM, 8.6 μM, and 29 μM, respectively.

HY-15121

L-Theanine 2 Publications Verification L-Glutamic Acid γ-ethyl amide; Nγ-Ethyl-L-glutamine	Apoptosis Endogenous Metabolite Reactive Oxygen Species	Neurological Disease Cancer
L-Theanine (L-Glutamic Acid γ-ethyl amide) is a non-protein amino acid contained in green tea leaves, which blocks the binding of L-glutamic acid to glutamate receptors in the brain, and with neuroprotective, anticancer and anti-oxidative activities. L-Theanine can pass through the blood–brain barrier and is orally active .

HY-136386

N-Acetyl-D-cysteine 2 Publications Verification	Reactive Oxygen Species	Others
N-Acetyl-D-cysteine has antioxidant activities and scavenges ROS through the reaction with its thiol group, but cannot enter the glutathione metabolic pathway .

Cat. No.	Product Name	Category	Target	Chemical Structure

HY-D0187

L-Glutathione reduced Maximum Cited Publications 29 Publications Verification GSH; γ-L-Glutamyl-L-cysteinyl-glycine	Cardiovascular Disease Structural Classification Human Gut Microbiota Metabolites Microorganisms Neurological Disease Classification of Application Fields Ketones, Aldehydes, Acids Source classification Endogenous metabolite Inflammation/Immunology Disease Research Fields	Endogenous Metabolite Reactive Oxygen Species Ferroptosis
L-Glutathione reduced (GSH; γ-L-Glutamyl-L-cysteinyl-glycine) is an endogenous antioxidant and is capable of scavenging oxygen-derived free radicals.

HY-126752

Ophthalmic acid	Structural Classification Ketones, Aldehydes, Acids Source classification Endogenous metabolite	Reactive Oxygen Species
Ophthalmic acid, an analogue of GSH, is a marker of oxidative stress and hepatic GSH consumption. Ophthalmic acid is an inhibitor of Glyoxalase I reaction .

HY-W009203

L-Cystine dihydrochloride 1 Publications Verification	Classification of Application Fields Ketones, Aldehydes, Acids Source classification Other Diseases Endogenous metabolite Disease Research Fields	Others
L-Cystine dihydrochloride can be used as a cell culture component and is a sulfur-containing precursor of glutathione (GSH) synthesis. L-Cystine dihydrochloride homeostasis is also important for GSH functions .

HY-113402

Gamma-glutamylcysteine 2 Publications Verification γ-Glu-Cys	Structural Classification Human Gut Microbiota Metabolites Microorganisms Classification of Application Fields Ketones, Aldehydes, Acids Source classification Endogenous metabolite Inflammation/Immunology Disease Research Fields	Endogenous Metabolite
Gamma-glutamylcysteine (γ-Glutamylcysteine), a dipeptide containing cysteine and glutamic acid, is a precursor to glutathione (GSH). Gamma-glutamylcysteine is a cofactor for glutathione peroxidase (GPx) to increase GSH levels .

HY-W017464

NAPQI	Structural Classification Alkaloids Classification of Application Fields Other Alkaloids Source classification Metabolic Disease Endogenous metabolite Disease Research Fields	Drug Metabolite Endogenous Metabolite
NAPQI is the toxic metabolite of Acetaminophen (HY-66005). NAPQI is also an inhibitor of enzymes in the vitamin K cycle. NAPQI is rapidly detoxified by glutathione (GSH), but in situations of GSH deficiency, excess NAPQI reacts with cysteine residues in proteins, causing cell death and toxicity in the liver .

HY-N9349

Malvidin-3-O-arabinoside chloride	Structural Classification Anthocyans Flavonoids Classification of Application Fields Vaccinium myrtillus Linn. Source classification Phenols Polyphenols Ericaceae Plants Inflammation/Immunology Disease Research Fields	AMPK Autophagy
Malvidin-3-O-arabinoside chloride ameliorates ethyl carbamate-induced oxidative damage by stimulating AMPK-mediated autophagy .

HY-113402R

Gamma-glutamylcysteine (Standard)	Structural Classification Human Gut Microbiota Metabolites Microorganisms Ketones, Aldehydes, Acids Source classification Endogenous metabolite	Endogenous Metabolite
Gamma-glutamylcysteine (Standard) is the analytical standard of Gamma-glutamylcysteine. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Gamma-glutamylcysteine (γ-Glutamylcysteine), a dipeptide containing cysteine and glutamic acid, is a precursor to glutathione (GSH). Gamma-glutamylcysteine is a cofactor for glutathione peroxidase (GPx) to increase GSH levels .

HY-N7147

Irisquinone	Structural Classification Natural Products Iridaceae Source classification Plants Iris latea pallasii	Others
Irisquinone, a natural product, is an anticancer agent. Irisquinone is also a radiation sensitizer for cancer. Irisquinone reduces GSH level and inhibits the repair of DNA singular strand breaks .

HY-118149A

(±)9-HpODE	Infection other families Classification of Application Fields Animals Ketones, Aldehydes, Acids Source classification Plants Disease Research Fields	Bacterial Fungal Parasite
(±)9-HpODE is a long chain lipid hydroperoxide, is a product of linoleic acid peroxidation. (±)9-HpODE can induce oxidation of intracellular glutathione (GSH). (±)9-HpODE also exhibits antimicrobial activity against various fungal and bacterial pathogens .

HY-N11085

Isophysalin A	Structural Classification Natural Products Source classification Plants Solanaceae Alkekengi officinarum Moench	NO Synthase IKK
Isophysalin A is a physalin with alpha and beta unsaturated ketone components. Isophysalin A binds to GSH and targets multiple cysteine residues on IKKβ. Isophysalin A also inhibits inducible NO synthase (iNOS) and nitric oxide (NO) production, showing anti-inflammatory activity .

HY-D0187R

L-Glutathione reduced (Standard)	Structural Classification Human Gut Microbiota Metabolites Microorganisms Ketones, Aldehydes, Acids Source classification Endogenous metabolite	Endogenous Metabolite Reactive Oxygen Species Ferroptosis
L-Glutathione reduced (Standard) is the analytical standard of L-Glutathione reduced. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. L-Glutathione reduced (GSH; γ-L-Glutamyl-L-cysteinyl-glycine) is an endogenous antioxidant and is capable of scavenging oxygen-derived free radicals.

HY-N2852

α-Terthienylmethanol	Structural Classification Natural Products Source classification Alysicarpus ovalifolius (Schumacher) J. Leonard Plants Compositae	Others
α-Terthienylmethanol is a terthiophene isolated from the n-hexane fraction of E. prostrata. α-Terthienylmethanol has potent cytotoxic activity against human endometrial cancer cells (Hec1A and Ishikawa) (IC₅₀ < 1 μM). α-Terthienylmethanol increases the intracellular level of ROS and decreases that of *GSH* .

HY-17363

Dimethyl fumarate 25+ Cited Publications	Infection Structural Classification Natural Products Neurological Disease Classification of Application Fields Source classification Endogenous metabolite Inflammation/Immunology Disease Research Fields	Keap1-Nrf2 Reactive Oxygen Species HIV Autophagy Endogenous Metabolite
Dimethyl fumarate (DMF) is an orally active and brain-penetrant Nrf2 activator and induces upregulation of antioxidant gene expression. Dimethyl fumarate induces necroptosis in colon cancer cells through GSH depletion/ROS increase/MAPKs activation pathway, and also induces cell autophagy. Dimethyl fumarate can be used for multiple sclerosis research .

HY-113149

Argininosuccinic acid	Structural Classification Classification of Application Fields Ketones, Aldehydes, Acids Source classification Endogenous metabolite Inflammation/Immunology Disease Research Fields	Endogenous Metabolite Reactive Oxygen Species
Argininosuccinic acid participates in the fourth step of the urea cycle, with being cleaved to arginine and fumaric acid by argininosuccinic acid lyase (ASL). Argininosuccinic acid reduces reduced glutathione (GSH) level, and increases the production of reactive oxygen species in cerebral cortex and striatum. Argininosuccinic acid causes lipid peroxidation and protein oxidation, and induces oxidative stress in the developing rat brain .

HY-113149A

Argininosuccinic acid disodium	Structural Classification Classification of Application Fields Ketones, Aldehydes, Acids Source classification Endogenous metabolite Inflammation/Immunology Disease Research Fields	Endogenous Metabolite Reactive Oxygen Species
Argininosuccinic acid disodium participates in the fourth step of the urea cycle and is cleaved into arginine and fumarate by argininosuccinate lyase (ASL). Argininosuccinic acid disodium reduces reduced glutathione (GSH) concentrations and increases reactive oxygen species production in the cerebral cortex and striatum. Argininosuccinic acid disodium causes lipid peroxidation and protein oxidation and also induces oxidative stress in the developing rat brain .

HY-15121

L-Theanine 2 Publications Verification L-Glutamic Acid γ-ethyl amide; Nγ-Ethyl-L-glutamine	Structural Classification Microorganisms Neurological Disease Classification of Application Fields Anti-aging Source classification Amino acids Camellia sinensis (L.) O. Ktze. Plants Disease Research Fields Theaceae	Apoptosis Endogenous Metabolite Reactive Oxygen Species
L-Theanine (L-Glutamic Acid γ-ethyl amide) is a non-protein amino acid contained in green tea leaves, which blocks the binding of L-glutamic acid to glutamate receptors in the brain, and with neuroprotective, anticancer and anti-oxidative activities. L-Theanine can pass through the blood–brain barrier and is orally active .

HY-15121R

L-Theanine (Standard)	Structural Classification Microorganisms Source classification Amino acids Camellia sinensis (L.) O. Ktze. Plants Theaceae	Apoptosis Endogenous Metabolite Reactive Oxygen Species
L-Theanine (Standard) is the analytical standard of L-Theanine. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. L-Theanine (L-Glutamic Acid γ-ethyl amide) is a non-protein amino acid contained in green tea leaves, which blocks the binding of L-glutamic acid to glutamate receptors in the brain, and with neuroprotective, anticancer and anti-oxidative activities. L-Theanine can pass through the blood–brain barrier and is orally active .

HY-136386R

N-Acetyl-D-cysteine (Standard)	Microorganisms Source classification	Reactive Oxygen Species
N-Acetyl-D-cysteine (Standard) is the analytical standard of N-Acetyl-D-cysteine. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. N-Acetyl-D-cysteine has antioxidant activities and scavenges ROS through the reaction with its thiol group, but cannot enter the glutathione metabolic pathway .

HY-N0245

Theaflavin-3-gallate	Structural Classification Flavonoids Classification of Application Fields Flavanols Source classification Phenols Polyphenols Camellia sinensis (L.) O. Ktze. Plants Disease Research Fields Theaceae Cancer	Others
Theaflavin-3-gallate, a black tea theaflavin monomer, is regarded as the biologically important active component of black tea and provides health benefits. Theaflavin-3-gallate acts as prooxidants and induces oxidative stress in the carcinoma cells. Theaflavin-3-gallate reacts directly with reduced glutathione (GSH) in a time- and concentration-dependent manner .

HY-W024365

3-tert-Butyl-4-methoxyphenol	Structural Classification Monophenols Source classification Jatropha curcas Linn. Phenols Euphorbiaceae Plants	PROTAC Linkers
3-tert-Butyl-4-methoxyphenol is a PROTAC linker, belongs to alkyl/ether class, with insecticidal activity. 3-tert-Butyl-4-methoxyphenol also induced increased activities of glutathione (GSH) S-transferase and epoxide hydrolase in the liver and forestomach tissues of A/HeJ mice, regulating the carcinogen metabolism system .

HY-17363R

Dimethyl fumarate (Standard)	Structural Classification Natural Products Source classification Endogenous metabolite	Keap1-Nrf2 Reactive Oxygen Species HIV Autophagy Endogenous Metabolite
Dimethyl fumarate (Standard) is the analytical standard of Dimethyl fumarate. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Dimethyl fumarate (DMF) is an orally active and brain-penetrant Nrf2 activator and induces upregulation of antioxidant gene expression. Dimethyl fumarate induces necroptosis in colon cancer cells through GSH depletion/ROS increase/MAPKs activation pathway, and also induces cell autophagy. Dimethyl fumarate can be used for multiple sclerosis research .

HY-113402A

Gamma-glutamylcysteine TFA 2 Publications Verification γ-Glutamylcysteine TFA	Structural Classification Natural Products Classification of Application Fields Source classification Endogenous metabolite Inflammation/Immunology Disease Research Fields	Interleukin Related TNF Receptor Endogenous Metabolite
Gamma-glutamylcysteine (γ-Glutamylcysteine) TFA, an intermediate in glutathione (GSH) synthesis, is a dipeptide served as an essential cofactor for the antioxidant enzyme glutathione peroxidase (GPx). Gamma-glutamylcysteine TFA also upregulates the level of the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 and reduces the levels of the pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-1β). Gamma-glutamylcysteine TFA attenuates the changes in metalloproteinase activity in oligomeric Aβ40-treated astrocytes .

HY-N0244R

Theaflavin-3'-gallate (Standard)	Structural Classification Flavonoids Flavanols Source classification Phenols Polyphenols Camellia sinensis (L.) O. Ktze. Plants Theaceae	Others
Theaflavin-3'-gallate (Standard) is the analytical standard of Theaflavin-3'-gallate. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Theaflavin-3'-gallate, a black tea theaflavin monomer, is regarded as the biologically important active component of black tea and provides health benefits. Theaflavin-3'-gallate acts as prooxidants and induces oxidative stress in the carcinoma cells. Theaflavin-3'-gallate reacts directly with reduced glutathione (GSH) in a time-and concentration-dependent manner .

HY-N0394

L-Cystine 1 Publications Verification	Structural Classification Human Gut Microbiota Metabolites Microorganisms Classification of Application Fields Source classification Other Diseases Amino acids Endogenous metabolite Disease Research Fields	Endogenous Metabolite Ferroptosis ROS Kinase Keap1-Nrf2 Reactive Oxygen Species
L-Cystine is an orally active extracellular form of L-Cysteine (HY-Y0337), occurring in proteins of plants and animals. L-Cystine elevates Nrf2 protein expression and activates Nrf2 transcription factor. L-cystine reduces ROS generation and protects against oxidant- or Doxorubicin (HY-15142A)-induced apoptosis. L-Cystine combined with L-theanine (HY-15121) enhances the production of antigen-specific IgG by increasing glutathione (GSH) levels and T helper 2 (Th2) mediated responses in mice. L-Cystine is promising for research of cystinuria and kidney stones

HY-N0394R

L-Cystine (Standard)	Structural Classification Human Gut Microbiota Metabolites Microorganisms Source classification Amino acids Endogenous metabolite	Endogenous Metabolite Ferroptosis ROS Kinase Keap1-Nrf2
L-Cystine (Standard) is the analytical standard of L-Cystine. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. L-Cystine, the extracellular form of L-Cysteine (HY-Y0337), is a nutritionally dispensable semiessential sulfur-containing amino acid, occurring in proteins of plants and animals. L-Cystine induces Nrf2 protein elevation in a Keap1 (HY-P75897)-dependent manner and activates Nrf2 transcription factor. L-cystine can elicit cytoprotection by reducing ROS generation and protecting against oxidant- or doxorubicin-induced apoptosis. The reduced reabsorption of L-Cystine in renal tubules and its poor solubility in urine are the important causes of cystine precipitation and cystine crystal formation eventually leading to kidney stones. L-Cystine combined with L-theanine (HY-15121) enhances the production of antigen-specific IgG by increasing glutathione (GSH) levels and T helper 2 (Th2) mediated responses in mice. L-Cystine is promising for research of cystinuria and cystinosis

Cat. No.	Product Name	Chemical Structure

HY-17363S1

Dimethyl fumarate-d2

Dimethyl fumarate-d₂ is the deuterium labeled Dimethyl fumarate[1]. Dimethyl fumarate (DMF) is an orally active and brain-penetrant Nrf2 activator and induces upregulation of antioxidant gene expression. Dimethyl fumarate induces necroptosis in colon cancer cells through GSH depletion/ROS increase/MAPKs activation pathway, and also induces cell autophagy. Dimethyl fumarate can be used for multiple sclerosis research[2][3].