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TGF-β1/Smad3-IN-1 (Compound 5aa) is an inhibitor of the TGF-β1/Smad3 signaling pathway(IC50=1.07 μM). TGF-β1/Smad3-IN-1 possesses antifibrotic activity and oral potency [1].
TGFβ1-IN-1 (compound 42) is a potent, orally active TGF-β1 inhibitor. TGFβ1-IN-1 inhibits the upregulation of TGF-β1-induced fibrosis markers (α-SMA and fibronectin) and can be used in liver fibrosis disease studies [1].
pm26TGF-β1 TFA peptide is a peptide that mimics a portion of the human TGF-β1 molecule. pm26TGF-β1 peptide TFA shows high affinity for the TGF-β1 receptor. pm26TGF-β1 peptide TFA displays potent anti-inflammatory properties and does not exhibit neutrophils’ chemoattraction [1] .
Livmoniplimab (ABBV-151) is a monoclonal antibody against GARP/TGF-β1 that can inhibit the release of active TGF-β1. Livmoniplimab has anti-tumor activity in colon cancer mice. Livmoniplimab can be used for the study of locally advanced or metastatic solid tumors [1] .
TGFβ1-IN-3 is a diarylacylhydrazones derivative that effectively suppresses the activation and proliferation of fibroblasts. TGFβ1-IN-3 can be used for idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) research [1].
TGFβ1-IN-2 is a diarylacylhydrazones derivative that effectively suppresses the activation and proliferation of fibroblasts. TGFβ1-IN-2 can be used for idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) research [1].
pm26TGF-β1 peptide is a peptide that mimics a portion of the human TGF-β1 molecule. pm26TGF-β1 peptide shows high affinity for the TGF-β1 receptor. pm26TGF-β1 peptide displays potent anti-inflammatory properties and does not exhibit neutrophils’ chemoattraction [1] .
H-Leu-Ser-Lys-Leu-OH (LSYL) is a latency-associated peptide at the amino terminus of LAP, with inhibitory effect on TGF-β1 activation. H-Leu-Ser-Lys-Leu-OH, binding with KRFK (HY-P3970), can block the signal transduction of TGF-β1, and prevent the progression of hepatic damage and fibrosis [1].
Bexotegrast (PLN-74809) is an orally active, potent dual αvβ6/αvβ1 integrin inhibitor with Kd of 5.7 nM and 3.4 nM, respectively. Bexotegrast inhibits αvβ6- and αvβ1-induced TGF-β activation with IC50 values of 29.8 nM and 19.2 nM, respectively. Bexotegrast has antifibrogenic effects and block multiple avenues of TGF-β activation in the fibrotic lung [1] .
Bexotegrast hydrochloride (PLN-74809 hydrochloride) is a small molecule dual selective inhibitor with activity targeting αVβ1 and αVβ6. Bexotegrast hydrochloride is used for idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) and primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC). Bexotegrast hydrochloride inhibits the activation of TGF-β1 by blocking the function of these integrins, thereby preventing the growth of fibrous tissue in the lungs and bile ducts [1].
(E)-SIS3 is a potent and selective inhibitor of Smad3 with an IC50 of 3 μM for Smad3 phosphorylation. (E)-SIS3 inhibits the myofibroblast differentiation of fibroblasts by TGF-β1[1].
Mongersen sodium is a specific and orally active SMAD7 antisense oligonucleotide. Mongersen sodium restores TGF-β1 activity leading to inhibition of inflammatory signals. Mongersen sodium can attenuate Crohn's disease-like experimental colitis in mice [1] .
LSKL, Inhibitor of Thrombospondin (TSP-1) TFA is a latency-associated protein (LAP)-TGFβ derived tetrapeptide and a competitive TGF-β1 antagonist. LSKL, Inhibitor of Thrombospondin (TSP-1) TFA inhibits the binding of TSP-1 to LAP and alleviates renal interstitial fibrosis and hepatic fibrosis. LSKL, Inhibitor of Thrombospondin (TSP-1) TFA suppresses subarachnoid fibrosis via inhibition of TSP-1-mediated TGF-β1 activity, prevents the development of chronic hydrocephalus and improves long-term neurocognitive defects following subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). LSKL, Inhibitor of Thrombospondin (TSP-1) TFA can readily crosse the blood-brain barrier [1] .
LSKL, Inhibitor of Thrombospondin (TSP-1) is a latency-associated protein (LAP)-TGFβ derived tetrapeptide and a competitive TGF-β1 antagonist. LSKL, Inhibitor of Thrombospondin (TSP-1) inhibits the binding of TSP-1 to LAP and alleviates renal interstitial fibrosis and hepatic fibrosis. LSKL, Inhibitor of Thrombospondin (TSP-1) suppresses subarachnoid fibrosis via inhibition of TSP-1-mediated TGF-β1 activity, prevents the development of chronic hydrocephalus and improves long-term neurocognitive defects following subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). LSKL, Inhibitor of Thrombospondin (TSP-1) can readily crosse the blood-brain barrier [1] .
Disitertide (P144) is a peptidic transforming growth factor-beta 1(TGF-β1) inhibitor specifically designed to block the interaction with its receptor. Disitertide (P144) is also a PI3K inhibitor and an apoptosis inducer [1] .
Disitertide (P144) TFA is a peptidic transforming growth factor-beta 1(TGF-β1) inhibitor specifically designed to block the interaction with its receptor. Disitertide TFA is also a PI3K inhibitor and an apoptosis inducer [1] .
Disitertide (P144) diammonium is a peptidic transforming growth factor-beta 1(TGF-β1) inhibitor specifically designed to block the interaction with its receptor. Disitertide diammonium is also a PI3K inhibitor and an apoptosis inducer [1] .
Tiger17 is an effective wound healing agent. Tiger17 is able to induce the secretion of TGF-β1 and acts through the Smad signaling pathway, specifically promoting wound healing by increasing the phosphorylation of Smad2 and Smad3 [1].
SIS3 free base is a potent and selective inhibitor of Smad3 phosphorylation. SIS3 free base inhibits the myofibroblast differentiation of fibroblasts by TGF-β1. SIS3 free base does not affect the phosphorylation of Smad2 [1].
3,7-DMF is an orally active inhibitor of TGF-β1-induced activation of HSCs. 3,7-DMF induces antioxidant genes and quenches ROS away, which can be used to study liver fibrosis [1].
Mongersen (GED-0301) is a specific and orally active SMAD7 antisense oligonucleotide. Mongersen restores TGF-β1 activity leading to inhibition of inflammatory signals. Mongersen can attenuate Crohn's disease-like experimental colitis in mice [1] .
AXL-IN-13 is a potent and orally active AXL inhibitor (IC50: 1.6 nM, Kd: 0.26 nM). AXL-IN-13 reverses TGF-β1-induced epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), and inhibits cancer cell migration and invasion [1].
DT-6 is an effective TGF-β1 inhibitor. DT-6 inhibits M2 macrophage induced epithelial to mesenchymal transition and invasive migration of cancer cells. DT-6 can be used for cancer diseases research [1].
Isoviolanthin, a flavonoid glycoside, could markedly inhibit TGF-β1-mediated migration and invasion by deactivating epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) via the TGF-β/Smad and PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathways in HCC cells. Isoviolanthin exhibits no cytotoxic effects on normal liver LO2 cells [1].
ALK5-IN-83 (compound 13b) is a ALK5 inhibitor with the IC50 of 0.13 μM. ALK5-IN-83 inhibits TGF-β1-induced Smad2 phosphorylation and cell motility in A549 cells [1].
Methacycline hydrochloride is a tetracycline antibiotic and can inhibits bacterial protein synthesis. Methacycline hydrochloride is a potent epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) inhibitor. Methacycline hydrochloride blocks EMT in vitro and fibrogenesis in vivo without directly affecting TGF-β1 Smad signaling. Methacycline hydrochloride is an antimicrobial and has the potential for pulmonary fibrosis [1].
EW-7195 is a potent and selective ALK5 (TGFβR1) inhibitor with an IC50 of 4.83 nM. EW-7195 has >300-fold selectivity for ALK5 over p38α. EW-7195 efficiently inhibits TGF-β1-induced Smad signaling, epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and breast tumour metastasis to the lung [1].
VDR agonist 2 (compound 16i) is a VDR (vitamin D receptor) agonist that can effectively inhibit TGF-β1-induced activation of hepatic stellate cells (HSC). VDR agonist 2 has significant anti-hepatic fibrosis effects both in vitro and in vivo [1].
Sudubrilimab (HS636) is an Ig G1-kappa monoclonal antibody against PDL1. Sudubrilimab is fused at the C terminus of the heavy chain to a TGF-β1 receptor Ⅱ ectodomain (TGFBR2-ECD), and which can sequester the PD-1/PD-L1 pathway and TGF-β bioactivity in the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment [1].
Methacycline is a tetracycline antibiotic that inhibits bacterial protein synthesis. Methacycline is a potent inhibitor of epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT). Methacycline blocks EMT in vitro and inhibits fibrogenesis in vivo without directly affecting TGF-β1 Smad signaling. Methacycline is an antimicrobial agent with potential for use in pulmonary fibrosis research [1].
Isoviolanthin (Standard) is the analytical standard of Isoviolanthin. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Isoviolanthin, a flavonoid glycoside, could markedly inhibit TGF-β1-mediated migration and invasion by deactivating epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) via the TGF-β/Smad and PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathways in HCC cells. Isoviolanthin exhibits no cytotoxic effects on normal liver LO2 cells [1].
RU-301 is a pan TAM inhibitor that blocks Gas6-induced TAM activation and tumorigenicity. RU-301 significantly reduces nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) fibrosis, along with attenuates ERK activation and TGFβ1 expression. RU-301 can be used in studies of cancer and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis [1] .
ALK5-IN-79 (compound 57) is an ALK inhibitor with anticancer activity, by blocking TGF-β1/SMAD signaling pathway. ALK5-IN-79 attenuates the production of extracellular matrix (ECM) and deposition of collagen. ALK5-IN-79 exhibits adequate pharmacokinetic (PK) properties and good in vivo tolerance.
Quin C1 is a highly specific and potent agonist for formyl peptide receptor 2 (FPR2/ALX). Quin-C1 significantly reduces the neutrophil and lymphocyte counts in BALF, diminishes expression of TNF-α, IL-1β, KC, and TGF-β1, and decreases collagen deposition in lung tissue. Quin C1 has the potential for the research of lung injury [1].
ML347 (LDN193719) is a highly selective ALK1/ALK2 inhibitor. ML347 has IC50 values of 46 and 32 nM against ALK1 and ALK2, respectively, >300-fold selective over ALK3. ML347 block the phosphorylation of Smad1/5 by TGF-β1[1] .
STAT3-IN-15 is a potent and orally active STAT3 inhibitor against idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). STAT3-IN-15 inhibits STAT3 phosphorylation. STAT3-IN-15 also inhibits the migration and deformation of epithelial cells induced by TGF-β1 and inhibit epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) [1].
BT173 is a potent homeodomain interacting protein kinase 2 (HIPK2) inhibitor. BT173 binds to HIPK2 does not inhibit HIPK2 kinase activity but rather, interfered allosterically with the ability of HIPK2 to associate with Smad3. BT173 attenuates renal fibrosis through suppression of the TGF-β1/Smad3 pathway [1].
Methacycline (hydrochloride) (Standard) is the analytical standard of Methacycline (hydrochloride). This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Methacycline hydrochloride is a tetracycline antibiotic and can inhibits bacterial protein synthesis. Methacycline hydrochloride is a potent epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) inhibitor. Methacycline hydrochloride blocks EMT in vitro and fibrogenesis in vivo without directly affecting TGF-β1 Smad signaling. Methacycline hydrochloride is an antimicrobial and has the potential for pulmonary fibrosis [1].
IMM-H007 (WS070117) is an orally active and potent AMPK (AMP-activated protein kinase) activator and TGFβ1 (transforming growth factor β1) antagonist. IMM-H007 has protective effects in cardiovascular diseases via activation of AMPK. IMM-H007 negatively regulates endothelium inflammation through inactivating NF-κB and JNK/AP1 signaling. IMM-H007 inhibits ABCA1 degradation. IMM-H007 resolves hepatic steatosis in HFD-fed hamsters by the regulation of lipid metabolism. IMM-H007 can be used for the research of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and inflammatory atherosclerosis [1] .
ENMD-1068 hydrochloride is a selective protease-activated receptor 2 (PAR2) antagonist. ENMD-1068 hydrochloride reduces hepatic stellate cell activation and collagen expression by inhibiting TGF-β1/Smad signaling. ENMD-1068 hydrochloride also inhibits the proliferation of endometrial cells and induces apoptosis of epithelial cells in the lesion. ENMD-1068 hydrochloride can be used in the study of endometriosis and liver fibrosis [1] .
ENMD-1068 is a selective protease-activated receptor 2 (PAR2) antagonist. ENMD-1068 reduces hepatic stellate cell activation and collagen expression by inhibiting TGF-β1/Smad signaling. ENMD-1068 also inhibits the proliferation of endometrial cells and induces apoptosis of epithelial cells in the lesion. ENMD-1068 can be used in the study of endometriosis and liver fibrosis [1] .
KY-05009 is an ATP-competitive Traf2- and Nck-interacting kinase (TNIK) inhibitor with a Ki of 100 nM. KY-05009 pharmacologically inhibits TGF-β1-induced epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in human lung adenocarcinoma cells. KY-05009 inhibits the protein expression of TNIK and transcriptional activity of Wnt target genes and induces apoptosis in cancer cells. KY-05009 exerts anti-cancer activity [1].
TP0427736 hydrochloride is a potent inhibitor of ALK5 kinase activity with an IC50 of 2.72 nM and this effect is 300-fold higher than the inhibitory effect on ALK3 (IC50=836 nM). TP0427736 hydrochloride also inhibits Smad2/3 phosphorylation in A549 cells induced by TGF-β1 with an IC50 value of 8.68 nM. TP0427736 hydrochloride can be used for the research of androgenic alopecia (AGA) [1].
3,3-Dimethyl-1-butanol (DMB) is an orally active inhibitor of trimethylamine (TMA) and trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO). 3,3-Dimethyl-1-butanol inhibits the signaling pathway of p65 NF-κB and TGF-β1/Smad3. 3,3-Dimethyl-1-butanol has potential applications in cardiovascular disease (CVD) [1] .
Nur77 modulator 3 (9e) can bind to Nur77 and inhibit TGF-β1-induced α-SMA and COLA1 expression in a Nur77-dependent manner. Nur77 modulator 3 induces Nur77 expression and enhances autophagic flux by inhibiting the mTORC1 signaling pathway in vitro and in vivo. Nur77 modulator 3 blocks the progression of hepatic fibrosis [1].
1-Oleoyl lysophosphatidic acid sodium (GMP) is a GMP-grade 1-Oleoyl lysophosphatidic acid sodium that can be used as an auxiliary reagent in cell therapy. 1-Oleoyl lysophosphatidic acid sodium can stimulate neuronal differentiation in neural progenitor cells from mice or rats, and it also promotes the differentiation of human adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells into myofibroblast-like cells in vitro by activating the autocrine TGF-β1-Smad signaling pathway [1] .
GK444 (Compound 15a) is a HDAC1/2 inhibitor (IC50: 100 and 92 nM for HDAC1/2 respectively). GK444 inhibits Caco-2 cells with IC50 of 4.1 μM. GK444 also reduces TGF-β1 induced COL1A1 mRNA levels in primary normal human lung fibroblasts. GK444 inhibits Bleomycin (HY-108345)-induced lung fibrosis in mice [1].
MORF-627 is a selective, orally active inhibitor for integrin αvβ6 with an IC50 of 9.2 nM measuring by human serum ligand binding assay. MORF-627 inhibits αvβ6-mediated TGF-β1 activation with an IC50 of 2.63 nM, inhibits SMAD2/3 phosphorylation with an IC50 of 8.3 nM. MORF-627 ameliorates the Bleomycin (HY-108345)-induced mouse lung fibrosis [1].
p-nitro-Pifithrin-α, a cell-permeable analog of pifithrin-α, is a potent p53 inhibitor. p-nitro-Pifithrin-α suppresses p53-mediated TGF-β1 expression in HK-2 cells. p-nitro-Pifithrin-α inhibits the activation of caspase-3 by Zika virus (ZIKV) strains. p-nitro-Pifithrin-α attenuates steatosis and liver injury in mice fed a high-fat diet [4].
non-alcoholic fatty liver disease [1] .
Levistolide A is an apoptosis inducer and a PEDV virus inhibitor. Levistolide A can induce apoptosis in colon cancer cells and suppress the replication of porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) by promoting ROS generation. Levistolide A activates peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ) in N2a/APP695swe cells and reduces excessive phosphorylation of tau through the GSK3α/β pathway, improving symptoms in Alzheimer’s mice. Levistolide A improves kidney damage in 5/6 nephrectomy (Nx) mice by inhibiting the RAS,TGF-β1/Smad, and MAPK pathways [1] .
PDE1-IN-4 (compound 2g) is a potent and selective PDE1 (phosphodiesterase-1) inhibitor, with IC50 values of 10, 145, and 354 nM for PDE1C, PDE1A, and PDE1B, respectively. PDE1-IN-4 inhibits myofibroblast differentiation of human lung fibroblasts induced by TGF-β1. PDE1-IN-4 shows anti-fibrosis effects through the regulation of cAMP (3′,5′-cyclic adenosine monophosphate) and cGMP (3′,5′-cyclic guanosine monophosphate). PDE1-IN-4 can be used for idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) research [1].
JNK-1-IN-4 (Compound E1) is an inhibitor for JNK, that inhibits JNK-1, JNK-2 and JNK-3 with IC50s of 2.7, 19.0 and 9.0 nM, respectively. JNK-1-IN-4 inhibits the phosphorylation of c-Jun, and reduces the expression of TGF-β1-induced EMT marker proteins, such as fibronectin and α-SMA. JNK-1-IN-4 exhibits good pharmacokinetic characteristics with a bioavailability of 69%. JNK-1-IN-4 exhibits anti-fibrotic effect in Bleomycin (HY-17565)-induced mice idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis models [1].
Micheliolide is a sesquiterpene lactone with anti-cancer and anti-inflammatory effects, which is derived from Michelia compressa and Michelia champaca. Micheliolide can attenuate high glucose-stimulated NF-κB activation, IκBα degradation, and the expression of MCP-1, TGF-β1, and FN in mouse mesangial cells. Micheliolide inhibits LPS (HY-D1056)-induced activation of NF-κB and PI3K/Akt/p70S6K pathways to play an anti-inflammatory role. Micheliolide inhibits dextran sodium sulphate (DSS) (HY-116282)-induced inflammatory intestinal disease, colitis-associated cancer and rheumatic arthritis [1] .
Anti-Mouse/Human/Rat/Monkey/Hamster/Canine/Bovine TGF-β Antibody (1D11.16.8) is an anti-mouse/human/rat/monkey/hamster/canine/bovine IgG antibody inhibitor of TGF-β . The recommend isotype control of Anti-Mouse/Human/Rat/Monkey/Hamster/Canine/Bovine TGF-β Antibody (1D11.16.8): Mouse IgG1 kappa, Isotype Control (HY-P99977).
BMS453 (BMS-189453), a synthetic retinoid, is a RARβ agonist and a RARα/RARγ antagonist. BMS453 inhibits breast cell growth predominantly through the induction of active TGFβ .
KQFK TFA is the TFA salt form of KQFK (HY-P3970C). KQFK TFA is an inactive control of KRFK (HY-P3970). KRFK is a peptide derived from TSP-1 that can activate TGF-β .
Pentachloropseudilin (Antibiotic A 15104 Y; PClP) is a reversible and allosteric potent inhibitor of Myo1s (class 1 myosins) with IC50s range from 1 to 5 μM for mammalian class-1 myosins and greater than 90 μM for class-2 and class-5 myosins. Pentachloropseudilin is a potent inhibitor of transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β)-stimulated signaling, with an IC50 of 0.1 to 0.2 μM for TGF-β .
EMT inhibitor-2 (Compound 1) inhibits epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) induced by substances such as IL-1β and TGF-β released from the immunocytes. EMT inhibitor-2 inhibits CYP3A4 testosteron and CYP2C9 with IC50s of 49.72 and 5.54 μM, respectively [1].
Santamarine (Santamarin), a sesquiterpene lactone, increases HO-1 expression through Nrf2 translocation and suppresses NO, PGE2, TNF-α, and IL-1β production through inhibition of NF-κB translocation in LPS-induced macrophages. Santamarine shows anti-photoaging properties via inhibition of MAPK/AP-1 and stimulation of TGF-β/Smad signaling in UVA-irradiated human dermal fibroblasts (HDFs). Antioxidant activities [1] .
Cilengitide (EMD 121974) is a potent integrins antagonist with IC50s of 0.61 nM (ανβ3), 8.4 nM (ανβ5) and 14.9 nM (α5β1), respectively. Cilengitide inhibits the binding of ανβ3 and ανβ5 to Vitronectin with IC50s of 4 nM and 79 nM, respectively. Cilengitide inhibits TGF-β/Smad signaling, mediates PD-L1 expression. Cilengitide also induces apoptosis, shows antiangiogenic effect in the research against glioblastoma and other cancers [1] .
4-Methoxylonchocarpin is an orally active anti-inflammatory agent. 4-methoxylonchocarpin inhibits the binding of LPS to Toll-like Receptor (TLR)TLR4 to inhibit NF-κB activation and TNF Receptor and IL-6 expression. 4-Methoxylonchocarpin also inhibits the phosphorylation of TGF-beta activated kinase 1 and TNBS-induced expression of IL-1β, IL-17A, and TNF. 4-methoxylonchocarpin can improve 2,4, 6-trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid (TNBS)-induced colitis mouse model [1].
PD1-PDL1-IN 2 (ZE132) is a potent and selective PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitor, which has robust anti-tumour activity in vivo. PD1-PDL1-IN 2 promotes cytotoxic T-cell tumour infiltration and induces IL-2 expression. In addition, PD1-PDL1-IN 2 elicits strong inhibitory effects on the mRNA expression of TGF-β .
1-Oleoyl lysophosphatidic acid sodium (GMP) is a GMP-grade 1-Oleoyl lysophosphatidic acid sodium that can be used as an auxiliary reagent in cell therapy. 1-Oleoyl lysophosphatidic acid sodium can stimulate neuronal differentiation in neural progenitor cells from mice or rats, and it also promotes the differentiation of human adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells into myofibroblast-like cells in vitro by activating the autocrine TGF-β1-Smad signaling pathway [1] .
1-Oleoyl lysophosphatidic acid sodium (GMP) is a GMP-grade 1-Oleoyl lysophosphatidic acid sodium that can be used as an auxiliary reagent in cell therapy. 1-Oleoyl lysophosphatidic acid sodium can stimulate neuronal differentiation in neural progenitor cells from mice or rats, and it also promotes the differentiation of human adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells into myofibroblast-like cells in vitro by activating the autocrine TGF-β1-Smad signaling pathway [1] .
pm26TGF-β1 TFA peptide is a peptide that mimics a portion of the human TGF-β1 molecule. pm26TGF-β1 peptide TFA shows high affinity for the TGF-β1 receptor. pm26TGF-β1 peptide TFA displays potent anti-inflammatory properties and does not exhibit neutrophils’ chemoattraction [1] .
LSKL, Inhibitor of Thrombospondin (TSP-1) TFA is a latency-associated protein (LAP)-TGFβ derived tetrapeptide and a competitive TGF-β1 antagonist. LSKL, Inhibitor of Thrombospondin (TSP-1) TFA inhibits the binding of TSP-1 to LAP and alleviates renal interstitial fibrosis and hepatic fibrosis. LSKL, Inhibitor of Thrombospondin (TSP-1) TFA suppresses subarachnoid fibrosis via inhibition of TSP-1-mediated TGF-β1 activity, prevents the development of chronic hydrocephalus and improves long-term neurocognitive defects following subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). LSKL, Inhibitor of Thrombospondin (TSP-1) TFA can readily crosse the blood-brain barrier [1] .
LSKL, Inhibitor of Thrombospondin (TSP-1) is a latency-associated protein (LAP)-TGFβ derived tetrapeptide and a competitive TGF-β1 antagonist. LSKL, Inhibitor of Thrombospondin (TSP-1) inhibits the binding of TSP-1 to LAP and alleviates renal interstitial fibrosis and hepatic fibrosis. LSKL, Inhibitor of Thrombospondin (TSP-1) suppresses subarachnoid fibrosis via inhibition of TSP-1-mediated TGF-β1 activity, prevents the development of chronic hydrocephalus and improves long-term neurocognitive defects following subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). LSKL, Inhibitor of Thrombospondin (TSP-1) can readily crosse the blood-brain barrier [1] .
Disitertide (P144) diammonium is a peptidic transforming growth factor-beta 1(TGF-β1) inhibitor specifically designed to block the interaction with its receptor. Disitertide diammonium is also a PI3K inhibitor and an apoptosis inducer [1] .
pm26TGF-β1 peptide is a peptide that mimics a portion of the human TGF-β1 molecule. pm26TGF-β1 peptide shows high affinity for the TGF-β1 receptor. pm26TGF-β1 peptide displays potent anti-inflammatory properties and does not exhibit neutrophils’ chemoattraction [1] .
H-Leu-Ser-Lys-Leu-OH (LSYL) is a latency-associated peptide at the amino terminus of LAP, with inhibitory effect on TGF-β1 activation. H-Leu-Ser-Lys-Leu-OH, binding with KRFK (HY-P3970), can block the signal transduction of TGF-β1, and prevent the progression of hepatic damage and fibrosis [1].
Disitertide (P144) is a peptidic transforming growth factor-beta 1(TGF-β1) inhibitor specifically designed to block the interaction with its receptor. Disitertide (P144) is also a PI3K inhibitor and an apoptosis inducer [1] .
Disitertide (P144) TFA is a peptidic transforming growth factor-beta 1(TGF-β1) inhibitor specifically designed to block the interaction with its receptor. Disitertide TFA is also a PI3K inhibitor and an apoptosis inducer [1] .
Tiger17 is an effective wound healing agent. Tiger17 is able to induce the secretion of TGF-β1 and acts through the Smad signaling pathway, specifically promoting wound healing by increasing the phosphorylation of Smad2 and Smad3 [1].
KQFK TFA is the TFA salt form of KQFK (HY-P3970C). KQFK TFA is an inactive control of KRFK (HY-P3970). KRFK is a peptide derived from TSP-1 that can activate TGF-β .
Livmoniplimab (ABBV-151) is a monoclonal antibody against GARP/TGF-β1 that can inhibit the release of active TGF-β1. Livmoniplimab has anti-tumor activity in colon cancer mice. Livmoniplimab can be used for the study of locally advanced or metastatic solid tumors [1] .
Linavonkibart (SRK 181) is a high-affinity, fully human antibody that selectively binds to latent TGFβ1 and inhibits its activation. Linavonkibart plays an important role in cancer [1].
Anti-Mouse/Human/Rat/Monkey/Hamster/Canine/Bovine TGF-β Antibody (1D11.16.8) is an anti-mouse/human/rat/monkey/hamster/canine/bovine IgG antibody inhibitor of TGF-β . The recommend isotype control of Anti-Mouse/Human/Rat/Monkey/Hamster/Canine/Bovine TGF-β Antibody (1D11.16.8): Mouse IgG1 kappa, Isotype Control (HY-P99977).
Sudubrilimab (HS636) is an Ig G1-kappa monoclonal antibody against PDL1. Sudubrilimab is fused at the C terminus of the heavy chain to a TGF-β1 receptor Ⅱ ectodomain (TGFBR2-ECD), and which can sequester the PD-1/PD-L1 pathway and TGF-β bioactivity in the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment [1].
Isoviolanthin, a flavonoid glycoside, could markedly inhibit TGF-β1-mediated migration and invasion by deactivating epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) via the TGF-β/Smad and PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathways in HCC cells. Isoviolanthin exhibits no cytotoxic effects on normal liver LO2 cells [1].
3,3-Dimethyl-1-butanol (DMB) is an orally active inhibitor of trimethylamine (TMA) and trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO). 3,3-Dimethyl-1-butanol inhibits the signaling pathway of p65 NF-κB and TGF-β1/Smad3. 3,3-Dimethyl-1-butanol has potential applications in cardiovascular disease (CVD) [1] .
Levistolide A is an apoptosis inducer and a PEDV virus inhibitor. Levistolide A can induce apoptosis in colon cancer cells and suppress the replication of porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) by promoting ROS generation. Levistolide A activates peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ) in N2a/APP695swe cells and reduces excessive phosphorylation of tau through the GSK3α/β pathway, improving symptoms in Alzheimer’s mice. Levistolide A improves kidney damage in 5/6 nephrectomy (Nx) mice by inhibiting the RAS,TGF-β1/Smad, and MAPK pathways [1] .
Micheliolide is a sesquiterpene lactone with anti-cancer and anti-inflammatory effects, which is derived from Michelia compressa and Michelia champaca. Micheliolide can attenuate high glucose-stimulated NF-κB activation, IκBα degradation, and the expression of MCP-1, TGF-β1, and FN in mouse mesangial cells. Micheliolide inhibits LPS (HY-D1056)-induced activation of NF-κB and PI3K/Akt/p70S6K pathways to play an anti-inflammatory role. Micheliolide inhibits dextran sodium sulphate (DSS) (HY-116282)-induced inflammatory intestinal disease, colitis-associated cancer and rheumatic arthritis [1] .
Isoviolanthin (Standard) is the analytical standard of Isoviolanthin. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Isoviolanthin, a flavonoid glycoside, could markedly inhibit TGF-β1-mediated migration and invasion by deactivating epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) via the TGF-β/Smad and PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathways in HCC cells. Isoviolanthin exhibits no cytotoxic effects on normal liver LO2 cells [1].
Santamarine (Santamarin), a sesquiterpene lactone, increases HO-1 expression through Nrf2 translocation and suppresses NO, PGE2, TNF-α, and IL-1β production through inhibition of NF-κB translocation in LPS-induced macrophages. Santamarine shows anti-photoaging properties via inhibition of MAPK/AP-1 and stimulation of TGF-β/Smad signaling in UVA-irradiated human dermal fibroblasts (HDFs). Antioxidant activities [1] .
4-Methoxylonchocarpin is an orally active anti-inflammatory agent. 4-methoxylonchocarpin inhibits the binding of LPS to Toll-like Receptor (TLR)TLR4 to inhibit NF-κB activation and TNF Receptor and IL-6 expression. 4-Methoxylonchocarpin also inhibits the phosphorylation of TGF-beta activated kinase 1 and TNBS-induced expression of IL-1β, IL-17A, and TNF. 4-methoxylonchocarpin can improve 2,4, 6-trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid (TNBS)-induced colitis mouse model [1].
Transforming growth factor beta-1 proprotein is the precursor of the Latency-associated peptide (LAP) and Transforming growth factor beta-1 (TGF-beta-1) chains. TGF beta 1/TGFB1 Protein, Mouse (HEK293, His) is a recombinant protein (L30-S390) produced by HEK293 cells with His tag.
TGF beta 1/TGFB1 is a polypeptide member of the transforming growth factor beta superfamily of cytokines. TGF beta 1 is a secreted protein that performs many cellular functions, including the control of cell growth, cell proliferation, cell differentiation, apoptosis, and can regulate the expression and activation of other growth factors, including interferon gamma and tumor necrosis factor alpha. Mature TGF beta 1/TGFB1 Protein, Human (Biotinylated, HEK293, Avi) is the recombinant human-derived Mature TGF beta 1/TGFB1 protein, expressed by HEK293 , with C-Avi labeled tag. The total length of Mature TGF beta 1/TGFB1 Protein, Human (Biotinylated, HEK293, Avi) is 112 a.a., with molecular weight of 15-18 kDa.
The latency-associated peptide (LAP) of the transforming growth factor β-1 (TGF-β-1) proprotein is an important precursor that forms a complex with TGF-β-1. LAP maintains the latent state of TGF-β-1 during storage in the extracellular matrix, ensuring controlled activation. Interactions with “environmental molecules” such as LTBP1, LRRC32/GARP, and LRRC33/NRROS intricately regulate TGF-β-1 activation. LRRC33/NRROS influences the activation of macrophages and microglia, while LRRC32/GARP controls the activation of activated regulatory T cells. Interactions with integrins induce conformational changes in LAP, releasing active TGF-β-1. LAP orchestrates controlled TGF-β-1 activation in different physiological contexts. Recombinant human TGF beta 1/TGFB1 LAP (biotinylated, expressed in HEK293 cells, Avi-tagged) is a biotinylated, Avi-tagged LAP protein expressed in HEK293 cells.
Latent TGF beta 1/TGFB1 Protein is a large extracellular matrix protein and an associated ligand of fibrillinmicrofibrils. Latent TGF beta 1/TGFB1 Protein, Human (Biotinylated, HEK293, His-Avi) is a recombinant Biotinylated protein (L30-S390, C33S) produced by HEK293 cells with His-Avi tag.
TGF beta 1/TGFB1 Protein is initially identified as a growth factor that induces the growth of rodent fibroblasts. TGF beta 1/TGFB1 Protein inhibits the cell cycle in the G1 phase. TGF beta 1/TGFB1 is an endogenous factor controlling apoptosis in normal and pathological tissues. TGF beta 1/TGFB1 Protein, Human is a recombinant protein (A279-S390) produced by CHO cells.
TGF beta 1/TGFB1 Protein is initially identified as a growth factor that induces the growth of rodent fibroblasts. TGF beta 1/TGFB1 Protein inhibits the cell cycle in the G1 phase. TGF beta 1/TGFB1 is an endogenous factor controlling apoptosis in normal and pathological tissues. GMP TGF beta 1/TGFB1 Protein, Human (HEK293) is a GMP-grade recombinant protein (A279-S390) produced by CHO cells.
TGF beta 1/TGFB1 Protein is initially identified as a growth factor that induces the growth of rodent fibroblasts. TGF beta 1/TGFB1 Protein inhibits the cell cycle in the G1 phase. TGF beta 1/TGFB1 is an endogenous factor controlling apoptosis in normal and pathological tissues. TGF beta 1/TGFB1 Protein, Human (HEK293) is a recombinant protein (A279-S390) produced by HEK293 cells.
TGF beta 1/TGFB1 Protein, Mouse/Rat (HEK293), is a recombinant cytokine produced in HEK293 cells, is implicated as a key regulator of the development and cyclic remodelling characteristic of reproductive tissues.
TGF beta 1/TGFB1 is a polypeptide member of the transforming growth factor beta superfamily of cytokines. TGF beta 1 is a secreted protein that performs many cellular functions, including the control of cell growth, cell proliferation, cell differentiation, apoptosis, and can regulate the expression and activation of other growth factors, including interferon gamma and tumor necrosis factor alpha. Animal-Free TGF beta 1/TGFB1 Protein, Human (His) is the recombinant human-derived animal-FreeTGF beta 1/TGFB1 protein, expressed by E. coli , with C-His labeled tag. The total length of Animal-Free TGF beta 1/TGFB1 Protein, Human (His) is 112 a.a., with molecular weight of ~13.7 kDa.
GARP is a transmembrane protein that acts as a docking receptor for potential transforming growth factor (LTGF-β) and plays a key role in the production and release of active transforming growth factor β (TGF-β). The presence of GARP affects immune-mediated diseases such as cancer, allergies, and autoimmunity. GARP&Latent TGF Beta 1 Complex Protein, Human (Biotinylated, HEK293, His-Avi) is a recombinant protein dimer complex containing rat-derived GARP&Latent TGF Beta 1 Complex protein, expressed by HEK293 , with C-Avi, C-His labeled tag. GARP&Latent TGF Beta 1 Complex Protein, Human (Biotinylated, HEK293, His-Avi), has molecular weight of 70-80 kDa (GARP) & 42-48 kDa & 13 kDa (L, respectively.
GARP is a transmembrane protein that acts as a docking receptor for potential transforming growth factor (LTGF-β) and plays a key role in the production and release of active transforming growth factor β (TGF-β). The presence of GARP affects immune-mediated diseases such as cancer, allergies, and autoimmunity. GARP&Latent TGF Beta 1 Complex Protein, Human (HEK293, His-Avi) is a recombinant protein dimer complex containing rat-derived GARP&Latent TGF Beta 1 Complex protein, expressed by HEK293 , with C-Avi, C-His labeled tag. GARP&Latent TGF Beta 1 Complex Protein, Human (HEK293, His-Avi), has molecular weight of 70-80 kDa (GARP) & 42-48 kDa & 13 kDa (L, respectively.
Latent TGF beta 1/TGFB1 Protein is a large extracellular matrix protein and an associated ligand of fibrillinmicrofibrils. Latent TGF beta 1/TGFB1 Protein, Cynomolgus (C33S, HEK293, His) is a recombinant protein (L30-S390, C33S) produced by HEK293 cells with His tag.
Transforming growth factor beta-1 (TGF-beta-1) proprotein, comprising Latency-associated peptide (LAP) and active TGF-beta-1 chains, forms a homodimer with disulfide linkages. Upon activation, proteolytic processing releases mature TGF-beta-1, enabling its regulatory functions in cell growth, differentiation, and immune responses. The dimeric structure emphasizes LAP and TGF-beta-1's intricate interplay in orchestrating multifaceted activities within biological systems. TGF beta 1/TGFB1 Protein, Rhesus Macaque (HEK293, His) is the recombinant Rhesus Macaque-derived TGF beta 1/TGFB1 protein, expressed by HEK293 , with N-His labeled tag and C33S mutation. The total length of TGF beta 1/TGFB1 Protein, Rhesus Macaque (HEK293, His) is 361 a.a., with molecular weight of 40-50/14-15 kDa.
GARP/latent TGF-b1 complexes are potent inducers of Th17 differentiation in the presence of exogenous IL-6 and inducers of Treg in the presence of IL-2. GARP&Latent TGF beta Complex Protein, Mouse (HEK293, His) is a biotinylated recombinant protein (GARP (I18-N628)&TGF-b1 (L30-S390)) produced by HEK293 cells with His tag.
TGF beta-1/TGFB1 proprotein is the precursor of latency-associated peptide (LAP) and active transforming growth factor Beta-1 (TGF-beta-1) chain, which maintains TGF-beta-1 latency in the extracellular matrix. It interacts with "environmental molecules" (LTBP1, LRRC32/GARP, LRRC33/NRROS) and plays a crucial regulatory role in the activation of TGF-β-1. TGF beta 1/TGFB1 Protein, Oncorhynchus mykiss (P. pastoris, His) is the recombinant TGF beta 1/TGFB1 protein, expressed by P. pastoris , with N-6*His labeled tag. The total length of TGF beta 1/TGFB1 Protein, Oncorhynchus mykiss (P. pastoris, His) is 112 a.a., with molecular weight of 15 kDa.
TGFB1 proprotein is the precursor of latency-associated peptide (LAP) and active transforming growth factor Beta-1 (TGF-β-1) chain, which maintains TGF-β-1 latency in the extracellular matrix. Through non-covalent binding, TGFB1 critically regulates TGF-β-1 activation by interacting with “environmental molecules” (LTBP1, LRRC32/GARP, LRRC33/NRROS) that collectively control TGF-β-1 activation. TGF beta 1/TGFB1 Protein, Xenopus laevis (P. pastoris, His) is the recombinant Xenopus laevis-derived TGF beta 1/TGFB1 protein, expressed by P. pastoris , with N-6*His labeled tag. The total length of TGF beta 1/TGFB1 Protein, Xenopus laevis (P. pastoris, His) is 112 a.a., with molecular weight of 14.6 kDa.
LRRC32 is a key regulator of TGF-β activation and maintains TGFB1, TGFB2, and TGFB3 in the latent state during extracellular storage by binding to latency-associated peptide (LAP). LRRC32 competes with LTBP1 for LAP binding and effectively regulates integrin-dependent TGF-β activation. GARP&Latent TGF Beta Complex Protein, Human (HEK293, His-Avi) is a recombinant protein dimer complex containing human-derived GARP&Latent TGF Beta Complex protein, expressed by HEK293 , with C-Avi, C-His labeled tag. GARP&Latent TGF Beta Complex Protein, Human (HEK293, His-Avi), has molecular weight of 72-80 kDa.
LRRC32, a key regulator of TGF-beta activation, maintains TGFB1, TGFB2, and TGFB3 in a latent state during extracellular storage by binding to Latency-associated peptide (LAP). Competing with LTBP1 for LAP binding, LRRC32 effectively modulates integrin-dependent TGF-beta activation. Its significance spans the regulation of TGF-beta-1 (TGFB1) on activated Tregs' surface and the control of TGF-beta-3 (TGFB3) during palate development, emphasizing LRRC32's intricate role in fine-tuning TGF-beta signaling. Interactions with TGFB1, TGFB2, TGFB3, and LAPTM4B contribute to its regulatory functions. GARP&Latent TGF beta Complex Protein, Human (Biotinylated, HEK293, His-Avi) is a recombinant protein dimer complex containing human-derived GARP&Latent TGF beta Complex protein, expressed by HEK293, with C-Avi, C-His labeled tag. GARP&Latent TGF beta Complex Protein, Human (Biotinylated, HEK293, His-Avi), has molecular weight of (73-78) kDa (GARP) & 13 kDa & (42-45) kDa (Latent TGF beta 1), respectively.
GARP/latent TGF-b1 complexes are potent inducers of Th17 differentiation in the presence of exogenous IL-6 and inducers of Treg in the presence of IL-2. GARP&Latent TGF beta Complex Protein, Mouse (Biotinylated, HEK293, His-Avi) is a biotinylated recombinant protein (GARP (I18-N628)&TGF-b1 (L30-S390)) produced by HEK293 cells with His-Avi tag.
LRRC32 is a key regulator of TGF-β activation and maintains TGFB1, TGFB2, and TGFB3 in the latent state during extracellular storage by binding to latency-associated peptide (LAP). LRRC32 competes with LTBP1 for LAP binding and effectively regulates integrin-dependent TGF-β activation. GARP (Mutated) &Latent TGF Beta Complex Protein, Human (HEK293, His-Avi) is a recombinant protein dimer complex containing human-derived GARP, expressed by HEK293 , with C-Avi, C-His labeled tag. GARP (Mutated) &Latent TGF Beta Complex Protein, Human (HEK293, His-Avi), has molecular weight of 75-80 kDa.
TGF beta 1/TGFB1 Protein is initially identified as a growth factor that induces the growth of rodent fibroblasts. TGF beta 1/TGFB1 Protein inhibits the cell cycle in the G1 phase. TGF beta 1/TGFB1 is an endogenous factor controlling apoptosis in normal and pathological tissues. TGF beta 1/TGFB1 Protein, Mouse (HEK293) is a recombinant protein (A279-S390) produced by HEK293 cells.
In its proprotein form, the TGF beta-1/TGFB1 protein serves as a precursor to latency-associated peptide (LAP) and active transforming growth factor beta-1 (TGF-beta-1) chains.Critical to maintaining the latent state of TGF-β-1 within the extracellular matrix, preprotein interacts with “environmental molecules” such as LTBP1, LRRC32/GARP, and LRRC33/NRROS to regulate TGF-β-1 activation.Animal-Free TGF beta 1/TGFB1 Protein, Mouse (His) is the recombinant mouse-derived animal-FreeTGF beta 1/TGFB1 protein, expressed by E.coli , with C-His labeled tag.
TGF beta 1 is a secreted ligand of the TGF-beta superfamily that binds to receptors and activates SMAD transcription factors. Preproprotein is proteolytically processed to produce latency-associated peptide (LAP) and mature peptide. TGF beta 1/TGFB1 LAP Protein, Human (HEK293, N-His) is the recombinant human-derived TGF beta 1/TGFB1 Latency-associated peptide protein, expressed by HEK293 , with N-6*His labeled tag and C33S mutation.
LRRC32 is a key regulator of TGF-β activation and maintains TGFB1, TGFB2, and TGFB3 in the latent state during extracellular storage by binding to latency-associated peptide (LAP). LRRC32 competes with LTBP1 for LAP binding and effectively regulates integrin-dependent TGF-β activation. GARP (Y137H) &Latent TGF Beta Complex Protein, Human (HEK293, His-Avi) is a recombinant protein dimer complex containing human-derived GARP, expressed by HEK293 , with C-Avi, C-His labeled tag. GARP (Y137H) &Latent TGF Beta Complex Protein, Human (HEK293, His-Avi), has molecular weight of 71-75 kDa.
LRRC32 is a key regulator of TGF-β activation and maintains TGFB1, TGFB2, and TGFB3 in the latent state during extracellular storage by binding to latency-associated peptide (LAP). LRRC32 competes with LTBP1 for LAP binding and effectively regulates integrin-dependent TGF-β activation. GARP (S138G) &Latent TGF Beta Complex Protein, Human (HEK293, His-Avi) is a recombinant protein dimer complex containing human-derived GARP, expressed by HEK293 , with C-His, C-Avi labeled tag. GARP (S138G) &Latent TGF Beta Complex Protein, Human (HEK293, His-Avi), has molecular weight of 75-80 kDa.
LRRC32 is a key regulator of TGF-β activation and maintains TGFB1, TGFB2, and TGFB3 in the latent state during extracellular storage by binding to latency-associated peptide (LAP). LRRC32 competes with LTBP1 for LAP binding and effectively regulates integrin-dependent TGF-β activation. GARP (G139N) &Latent TGF Beta Complex Protein, Human (HEK293, His-Avi) is a recombinant protein dimer complex containing human-derived GARP, expressed by HEK293 , with C-Avi, C-His labeled tag. GARP (G139N) &Latent TGF Beta Complex Protein, Human (HEK293, His-Avi), has molecular weight of 75-80 kDa.
TGFB1 proprotein is the precursor of latency-associated peptide (LAP) and active transforming growth factor Beta-1 (TGF-β-1) chain, which maintains TGF-β-1 latency in the extracellular matrix. TGFB1 binds non-covalently to TGF-β-1 and interacts with “environmental molecules” (LTBP1, LRRC32/GARP, LRRC33/NRROS) to regulate TGF-β-1 activation. TGF beta 1/TGFB1 Protein, Canine (HEK293, His) is the recombinant canine-derived TGF beta 1/TGFB1 protein, expressed by HEK293 , with C-His labeled tag. The total length of TGF beta 1/TGFB1 Protein, Canine (HEK293, His) is 361 a.a..
TGF beta 1/TGFB1 is a polypeptide member of the transforming growth factor beta superfamily of cytokines. TGF beta 1 is a secreted protein that performs many cellular functions, including the control of cell growth, cell proliferation, cell differentiation, apoptosis, and can regulate the expression and activation of other growth factors, including interferon gamma and tumor necrosis factor alpha. Latent TGF beta 1/TGFB1 Protein, Human (HEK293, His) is the recombinant human-derived Latent TGF beta 1/TGFB1 protein, expressed by HEK293 , with C-His labeled tag.
Latent TGF beta 1 (latent TGFB1) is the inactive form of TGF-B1. Latent TGF beta 1 associates with the extracellular matrix (ECM) via LTBP. LTBPs are components of the ECM, so that the proteolytic cleavage of LTBP can lead to the release of latent TGF-beta 1 from the matrix. Besides, the proteolytic cleavage and liberation of active TGFB1 is performed by BMP-1, by a variety of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs). Latent TGF beta 1/TGFB1 Protein, Rat (HEK293, His) is the recombinant rat-derived Latent TGF beta 1/TGFB1 protein, expressed by HEK293 , with C-His labeled tag. The total length of Latent TGF beta 1/TGFB1 Protein, Rat (HEK293, His) is 361 a.a., with molecular weight of ~55 & 38 & 16 kDa, respectively.
TGF beta 1/TGFB1 is a polypeptide member of the transforming growth factor beta superfamily of cytokines. TGF beta 1 is a secreted protein that performs many cellular functions, including the control of cell growth, cell proliferation, cell differentiation, apoptosis, and can regulate the expression and activation of other growth factors, including interferon gamma and tumor necrosis factor alpha. TGF beta 1/TGFB1 LAP Protein, Human (HEK293, His) is the recombinant human-derived TGF beta 1/TGFB1 Latency-associated peptide protein, expressed by HEK293 , with C-10*His labeled tag and C33S mutation.
Latent TGF beta 1 (latent TGFB1) is the inactive form of TGF-B1. Latent TGF beta 1 associates with the extracellular matrix (ECM) via LTBP. LTBPs are components of the ECM, so that the proteolytic cleavage of LTBP can lead to the release of latent TGF-beta 1 from the matrix. Besides, the proteolytic cleavage and liberation of active TGFB1 is performed by BMP-1, by a variety of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs). Latent TGF beta 1/TGFB1 Protein, Rat (HEK293, C-His) is the recombinant rat-derived Latent TGF beta 1/TGFB1 protein, expressed by HEK293 , with C-6*His labeled tag. The total length of Latent TGF beta 1/TGFB1 Protein, Rat (HEK293, C-His) is 361 a.a., with molecular weight of ~55 & 40 & 16 kDa, respectively.
LRRC32, a key regulator of TGF-beta activation, maintains TGFB1, TGFB2, and TGFB3 in a latent state during extracellular storage by binding to Latency-associated peptide (LAP). Competing with LTBP1 for LAP binding, LRRC32 effectively modulates integrin-dependent TGF-beta activation. Its significance spans the regulation of TGF-beta-1 (TGFB1) on activated Tregs' surface and the control of TGF-beta-3 (TGFB3) during palate development, emphasizing LRRC32's intricate role in fine-tuning TGF-beta signaling. Interactions with TGFB1, TGFB2, TGFB3, and LAPTM4B contribute to its regulatory functions. GARP&Latent TGF Beta-1 Complex Protein, Human (HEK293, His, Strep) is a recombinant protein dimer complex containing human-derived GARP&Latent TGF Beta-1 Complex protein, expressed by HEK293, with N-6*His, C-3*Strep labeled tag. GARP&Latent TGF Beta-1 Complex Protein, Human (HEK293, His, Strep), has molecular weight of 10-14 & 35-50 & 85-95 kDa, respectively.
TGF beta 1/TGFB1 is a polypeptide member of the transforming growth factor beta superfamily of cytokines. TGF beta 1 is a secreted protein that performs many cellular functions, including the control of cell growth, cell proliferation, cell differentiation, apoptosis, and can regulate the expression and activation of other growth factors, including interferon gamma and tumor necrosis factor alpha. TGF beta 1/TGFB1 LAP Protein, Human (HEK293) is the recombinant human-derived TGF beta 1/TGFB1 LAP protein, expressed by HEK293 , with tag free. and C33S mutation.
Latent TGF beta 1/TGFB1 Protein is a large extracellular matrix protein and an associated ligand of fibrillinmicrofibrils. Latent TGF beta 1/TGFB1 Protein, Human (C33S, HEK293, His) is a recombinant Biotinylated protein (L30-S390) produced by HEK293 cells with His tag.
TGF beta 1/TGFB1 Protein is initially identified as a growth factor that induces the growth of rodent fibroblasts. TGF beta 1/TGFB1 Protein inhibits the cell cycle in the G1 phase. TGF beta 1/TGFB1 is an endogenous factor controlling apoptosis in normal and pathological tissues. TGF beta 1/TGFB1 Protein, Human (Biotinylated, HEK293, N-Avi) is a recombinant protein (A279-S390) produced by HEK293 cells with Avi tag.
TGFB1 proprotein is the precursor of latency-associated peptide (LAP) and active transforming growth factor Beta-1 (TGF-β-1) chain, which maintains TGF-β-1 latency in the extracellular matrix. TGFB1 binds non-covalently to TGF-β-1 and regulates its activation through interactions with “environmental molecules” (LTBP1, LRRC32/GARP, LRRC33/NRROS). Animal-Free TGF beta 1/TGFB1 Protein, Pig (His) is the recombinant pig-derived animal-FreeTGF beta 1/TGFB1 protein, expressed by E. coli , with C-His labeled tag. The total length of Animal-Free TGF beta 1/TGFB1 Protein, Pig (His) is 112 a.a., with molecular weight of ~13.7 kDa.
TGF beta 1 Antibody is a non-conjugated and Rabbit origined monoclonal antibody about 44 kDa, targeting to TGF beta 1. It can be used for WB,IHC-P assays with tag free, in the background of Human, Mouse, Rat.
Mongersen sodium is a specific and orally active SMAD7 antisense oligonucleotide. Mongersen sodium restores TGF-β1 activity leading to inhibition of inflammatory signals. Mongersen sodium can attenuate Crohn's disease-like experimental colitis in mice [1] .
Mongersen (GED-0301) is a specific and orally active SMAD7 antisense oligonucleotide. Mongersen restores TGF-β1 activity leading to inhibition of inflammatory signals. Mongersen can attenuate Crohn's disease-like experimental colitis in mice [1] .
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