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Chitosan oligosaccharide (COS) is an oligomer of β-(1→4)-linked D-glucosamine. Chitosan oligosaccharide (COS) activates AMPK and inhibits inflammatory signaling pathways including NF-κB and MAPK pathways.
Endo-β-N-acetylglucosaminidase (Endo S2) is a key enzyme involved in the processing of free oligosaccharides in the cytosol. Endo-β-N-acetylglucosaminidase catalyzes hydrolysis of N-linked oligosaccharides .
N-Acetyllactosamine (LacNAc), a nitrogen-containing disaccharide, is an important component of various oligosaccharides such as glycoproteins and sialyl Lewis X. N-Acetyllactosamine can be used as the starting material for the synthesis of various oligosaccharides. N-Acetyllactosamine has prebiotic effects .
Fructo-oligosaccharide DP10/GF9 belongs to fructooligosaccharides (FOS) with degree of polymerization (DP=10). Fructo-oligosaccharides (FOS) are composed of 9 fructose units linked by (2→1)-β-glycosidic bonds and having a single D-glucosyl unit at the non-reducing end .
Fructo-oligosaccharide DP9/GF8 belongs to fructooligosaccharides (FOS) with degree of polymerization (DP=9). Fructo-oligosaccharides (FOS) are composed of 8 fructose units linked by (2→1)-β-glycosidic bonds and having a single D-glucosyl unit at the non-reducing end .
Fructo-oligosaccharide DP8/GF7 belongs to fructooligosaccharides (FOS) with degree of polymerization (DP=8). Fructo-oligosaccharides (FOS) are composed of 7 fructose units linked by (2→1)-β-glycosidic bonds and having a single D-glucosyl unit at the non-reducing end .
Fructo-oligosaccharide DP7/GF6 belongs to fructooligosaccharides (FOS) with degree of polymerization (DP=7). Fructo-oligosaccharides (FOS) are composed of 6 fructose units linked by (2→1)-β-glycosidic bonds and having a single D-glucosyl unit at the non-reducing end .
Fructo-oligosaccharide DP11/GF10 belongs to fructooligosaccharides (FOS) with degree of polymerization (DP=11). Fructo-oligosaccharides (FOS) are composed of 10 fructose units linked by (2→1)-β-glycosidic bonds and having a single D-glucosyl unit at the non-reducing end .
Fructo-oligosaccharide DP12/GF11 belongs to fructooligosaccharides (FOS) with degree of polymerization (DP=12). Fructo-oligosaccharides (FOS) are composed of 11 fructose units linked by (2→1)-β-glycosidic bonds and having a single D-glucosyl unit at the non-reducing end .
PNGase F, a glycosidase, catalyzes the cleavage of an internal glycoside bond in an oligosaccharide. PNGase F removes nearly all N-linked oligosaccharides from glycoproteins. PNGase F can release N-glycans from glycoproteins in glycoanalytical workflows .
GDP-L-fucose is a nucleotide sugar that is a key substrate for the biosynthesis of fucose oligosaccharides, providing the fucose moiety for the oligosaccharides.The formation of GDP-L-fucose occurs through two pathways, the major ab initio metabolic pathway and the minor remedial metabolic pathway .
GDP-L-fucose disodium is a nucleotide sugar that is a key substrate for the biosynthesis of fucose oligosaccharides. GDP-L-fucose disodium provides the fucose moiety for the oligosaccharides. The formation of GDP-L-fucose disodium occurs through two pathways, the major de novo metabolic pathway and the minor remedial metabolic pathway .
GM1a Ganglioside oligosaccharide is a semisynthetic form of ganglioside GM1. Ganglioside GM1 is the natural receptor for cholera toxin and plays an important role not only in general growth regulation but also in the coupling of hormone-induced responses .
Raffinose (Melitose), a non-digestible short-chain oligosaccharide, is a trisaccharide composed of galactose, glucose, and fructose and can be found in many plants. Raffinose (Melitose) can be hydrolyzed to D-galactose and sucrose by the enzyme α-galactosidase (α-GAL) .
Endo-β-N-acetylglucosaminidase (ENGase) is cytosolic deglycosylating enzyme that hydrolyzes the N-linked oligosaccharides. Endo-β-N-acetylglucosaminidase can be used for glycan analysis on glycoproteins and preparation of precursors for glycosylated compounds, is often used in biochemical studies .
Lacto-N-triose II is a core structural unit of human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs). Lacto-N-triose II owns nutraceutical potentials and can be used in the production of complex HMOs .
NA2 Glycan is NA2 N-linked oligosaccharide. NA2 is the asialo-substructure of A2 glycan. NA2 glycan can be isolated from mammalian serum glycoproteins, such as serum IgG .
Celloheptaose is an oligosaccharide, consisting of seven glucose residues. Celloheptaose is the substrate of Polysaccharide monooxygenases (PMOs), to generate oxidized cellulo-oligosaccharides .
Blood group A pentasaccharide (A-Pentasaccharide), an oligosaccharide in urine, can inhibit the binding of anti-A antibody to blood group A substance .
Recombinant endoglycoceramidase I (rEGCase I) is a glycosidase that catalyzes the hydrolysis of the β-glycosidic linkage between oligosaccharides and ceramides. Recombinant endoglycoceramidase I catalyzes a transglycosylation reaction, which transfers the sugar moiety of glycosphingolipids (GSLs) to the primary hydroxyl group of several 1-alkanols .
beta-1,3-Galactosyltransferase (WbgO) (CgtB) acts on N-glycan substrates. beta-1,3-Galactosyltransferase (WbgO) catalyzes the formation of type 1 chains on oligosaccharide, glycopeptide, and glycoprotein substrates, including itself .
Maltononaose is a linear oligosaccharide consisting of 9 glucose units linked by alpha-1, 4-glucoside bonds. Maltononaose is used as a substrate to study the subsites affinity of glucoamylase. Maltononaose can be used to determine the activity of amylase and to optimize the process of starch hydrolysis .
Mannosyl-oligosaccharide 1,2-α-mannosidase IA (MAN1A1) is a glycosidase that catalyzes the hydrolysis of α-1,2-linked mannose residues in Man(9)GlcNAc(2) to produce Man(9)GlcNAc(2) .
6′-Galactosyllactose is the main oligosaccharide that makes up galactose, a component of human milk. 6′-Galactosyllactose can synthesize human milk oligosaccharides and synthetic galactosyllactose with 3′-Galactosyllactose and 4′-Galactosyllactose, and reduce inflammation in human T84, NCM-460 and H4 cells and intestinal tissues .
3-Fucosyllactose (3-Fucosyl-D-lactose) is one of the major fucosylated oligosaccharides found in human breast milk. 3-Fucosyllactose shows prebiotic, immunomodulator, neonatal brain development, and antimicrobial function .
Isoglobotetraose (Globoisotetraose) is the oligosaccharide moiety of human glycosphingolipids. Synthesis process: globotetraose (GalNAcβ1→3Galα1→4Galβ1→4Glc) and isoglobotetraose (GalNAcβ1→3Galα1→3Galβ1→4Glc) .
Blood group A antigen tetraose type 5 (A-Tetrasaccharide) is a tetrasaccharide and a blood group specific oligosaccharide, inhibits the binding of anti-A antibody to blood group A substance. Blood group A antigen tetraose type 5 can be isolated from polar bear milk samples .
Ac4GalNAlk is a weakly alkyne-labeled reagent for metabolic oligosaccharide engineering (MOE) that can be used to detect protein glycosylation. MOE reagents can be activated by cellular biosynthetic machinery into nucleotide sugars, which can be further traced through the introduction of glycoproteins in bioorthogonal chemistry. Ac4GalNAlk promotes nucleotide-sugar biosynthesis and increases bioorthogonal cell surface markers .
6'-Sialyllactose is a sialylated human milk oligosaccharide that can promote the proliferation of bifidobacteria and shaping the gut microbiota. 6'-Sialyllactose also inhibits toll-like receptor 4 signaling and protects against the development of necrotizing enterocolitis .
β-Cyclodextrin hydrate (Betadex hydrate) is a cyclic oligosaccharide composed of seven glucose units, featuring a hydrophobic central cavity and a hydrophilic outer surface. β-Cyclodextrin hydrate is utilized in an immunoassay method that leverages the complex formed by β-Cyclodextrin hydrate with small molecules to enhance the sensitivity of the immunodetection for these small molecules. β-Cyclodextrin hydrate is applicable for research in biosensing and immunoanalysis .
2'-Fucosyllactose (2'-FL) is an oligosaccharide that could be derived from human milk. 2'-Fucosyllactose regulates the expression of CD14, alleviates colitis and regulates the gut microbiome. 2'-Fucosyllactose stimulates T cells to increase IFN-γ production and decreases IL-6, IL-17, and TNF-α production of cytokines .
M6 glycan (Man6), procainamide labelled (Mannose-6 N-linked oligosaccharide, procainamide labelled) is a N-polysaccharide protein and a multifunctional fluorescent linker. The resulting conjugates exhibit high sensitivity and specificity by mimicking the antennal elements of N-glycans .
Lacto-N-tetraose is the significant core structure of human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs) naturally existing in human milk. Lacto-N-tetraose is consist of galactose, N-acetylglucosamine, and glucose moieties. Lacto-N-tetraose has prebiotic effect, immune regulatory effect, anti-inflammatory effects, intestinal cell responses regulatory effect, antibacterial activity and antiviral activity. Lacto-N-tetraose has been widely added to infant formula .
Endo-β-N-acetylglucosaminidase D (Endo F3) cleaves free or Asparagine-linked triantennary oligosaccharides or α1-6 fucosylated biantennary oligosaccharides, as well as triamnnosyl chitobiose core structures .
β1-3 Galactosidase is a highly specific exoglycosidase that catalyzes the hydrolysis of terminal β1-3-linked galactose from oligosaccharides and glycoprotein substrates, at a much lower rate, β1-6 linked galactose residues from oligosaccharides .
Tenuifoliose H is an oligosaccharide ester compound derived from Polygala tenuifolia, with potential applications in anti-inflammatory and antioxidant research .
Maltopentaose is the shortest chain oligosaccharide that can be classified as maltodextrin and is also used in a study to investigate glycation and phosphorylation of α-lactalbumin.
Chitopentaose pentahydrochloride is a chitosan oligosaccharide with anti-inflammatory effect. Chitopentaose pentahydrochloride is a substrate of gene encoding chitinase B (FjchiB) .
Isomaltotetraose is one of isomalto-oligosaccharide (IMO), the main hydrolysis end products of DexKQ . Isomaltotetraose can induce dextranase synthesis .
Endo-β-N-acetylglucosaminidase (Endo A) is an Endo-β-N-acetylglucosaminidases (ENGases) from Arthrobacter protophormiae. Endo-β-N-acetylglucosaminidase (Endo A) can transfer a high-mannose type oligosaccharide to monosaccharides such as N-acetylglucosamine (GlcNAc) and glucose to form a new oligosaccharide. Endo-β-N-acetylglucosaminidase (Endo A) catalyzes glycopeptide synthesis by using Man3GlcNAc-oxazoline .
Heparinase (Heparinase I) degrades heparin to oligosaccharide or unsaturated disaccharide. Heparinase can be used in the preparation of low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) .
Tenuifoliose B is an oligosaccharide and can be isolated from Polygala tenuifolia. Tenuifoliose B exhibits neuroprotective activity against glutamate and serum deficiency .
Manninotriose is a novel and important player in the RFO(Raffinose family oligosaccharides) metabolism of red dead deadnettle; potential to improve the side effects of MTX for ALL treatment.
Chitohexaose hexahydrochloride is a chitosan oligosaccharide with anti-inflammatory effect. Chitohexaose hexahydrochloride binds to the active sites of TLR4 and inhibits LPS induced inflammation .
Lacto-N-difucohexaose I (LNDFH I), a linker, could be used to combine oligosaccharides containing Lewis b sugar chain to water insoluble polysaccharide .
Azukisaponin VI is an oligosaccharide isolated from Vigna angularis. Azukisaponin VI has the activity of inhibiting the synthesis of lipid peroxides and can be used in the study of hyperlipidemia .
D(+)-Raffinose pentahydrate (D-Raffinose pentahydrate) is a trisaccharide composed of galactose, glucose, and fructose that occurs naturally in a variety of vegetables and grains. D(+)-Raffinose pentahydrate is a functional oligosaccharide.
Chitoheptaose heptahydrochloride is a chitosan oligosaccharide with antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antiapoptotic and cardioprotective activities. Chitoheptaose heptahydrochloride significantly enhances the growth and photosynthesis parameters of wheat seedlings .
Tenuifoliose A is a multi-acylated oligosaccharide compound derived from Polygala tenuifolia with neuroprotective activity. Tenuifoliose A holds promise for research in anti-inflammatory and antioxidant fields .
Isocampneoside I is an acylated phenethyl oligosaccharide that can be isolated from Cistanche deserticola (Orobanchaceae). Isocampneoside I inhibits D-galactose-induced cytotoxicity and protects primary hepatocytes in mice .
Endo-β-N-acetylglucosaminidase F2 (Endo F2), a highly specific endoglycosidase, cleaves within the chitobiose core of asparagine-linked complex biantennary and high mannose oligosaccharides from glycoproteins and glycopeptides. Endo F2 cleaves biantennary glycans at a rate approximately 20 times greater than high mannose glycans. The activity of Endo F2 is identical on biantennary structures with and without core fucosylation. Endo F2 is not active on hybrid or tri- and tetra-antennary oligosaccharides .
Stachyose tetrahydrate, a functional oligosaccharide, acts as a prebiotic. Stachyose tetrahydrate can prevent indirectly colon cancer cell growth by promoting the proliferation of probiotics or producing beneficial materials in the intestine .
β-N-Acetylhexosaminidase (EC 3.2.1.52) is an exoglycosidase that catalyzes the hydrolysis of terminal non-reducing β-N-acetylgalactosamine and glucosamine residues in oligosaccharides for epigenetic applications .
α1-6 Mannosidase, Xanthomonas phaseoli is a highly specific exoglycosidase that removes unbranched α1-6 linked mannose residues from oligosaccharides .
D-Panose (Standard) is the analytical standard of D-Panose. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. D-Panose is a PAN-type oligosaccharide. D-Panose is a food ingredient based on isomaltooligosaccharides (IMOs) .
Uridine diphosphate glucose is the precursor of glucose-containing oligosaccharides, polysaccharides, glycoproteins, and glycolipids in animal tissues and in some microorganisms. Uridine diphosphate glucose is an agonist of the P2Y14 receptor, a neuroimmune system GPCR 1.
Sibiricose A5 (Standard) is the analytical standard of Sibiricose A5. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Sibiricose A5 is an oligosaccharide ester isolated from Polygalae Radix with potent antioxidant activity .
Endoglycoceramidase II (EGCase II) is an endo-β-glucosidase releasing the complete glycan from ceramide in glycosphingolipids. Endoglycoceramidase II Catalyzes the hydrolysis of the β-glycosidic linkage between oligosaccharides and ceramides in various glycosphingolipids .
UDP-xylose is a natural product that could be isolated from Cryptococcus laurentii (NRRL Y-1401). UDP-xylose is a sugar donor for the synthesis of glycoproteins, polysaccharides, various metabolites, and oligosaccharides in plants, vertebrates, and fungi .
α1-2 Fucosidase (EC 3.2.1.51) is a highly specific exoglycosidase that catalyzes the hydrolysis of linear α1-2 linked fucose residues from oligosaccharides .
β1-4 Galactosidase, E. coli is a highly specific exoglycosidase that catalyzes the hydrolysis of terminal, non-reducing β1-4 linked galactose residues from oligosaccharides .
Uridine 5′-diphosphoglucose- 13C (disodium) is the 13C labeled Uridine 5′-diphosphoglucose disodium salt. Uridine 5′-diphosphoglucose disodium salt (UDP-D-Glucose disodium salt) is the precursor of glucose-containing oligosaccharides, polysaccharides, glycop
Cellooctaose is an oligosaccharide, consisting of eight glucose residues. Cellooctaose is a low-cost polysaccharides in fermentation to hold on Lactococcus lactis recombinant strain growth. Cellooctaose is the substrate of beta-glucosidase (E.C. 3.2.1.21) .
UDP-β-D-glucose disodium is a the stereoisomer of UDP-α-D-glucose. UDP-β-D-glucose disodium is an oligosaccharide that can be used to synthesize glycoproteins and glycolipids. UDP-β-D-glucose disodium can be used as a substrate .
Endo H, Streptomyces picatus (Endo-β-N-acetylglucosaminidase H), isolated from Streptomyces plicatus, hydrolyzes the central glycosidic bond of the β1, 4-di-N-acetylchitobiose core in asparagine-linked oligosaccharides .
Recombinant endoglycoceramidase II (rEGCase II) is an endo-β-glucosidase releasing the complete glycan from ceramide in glycosphingolipids. Recombinant endoglycoceramidase II catalyzes the hydrolysis of the β-glycosidic linkage between oligosaccharides and ceramides in various glycosphingolipids .
Aldose 1-epimerase (mutarotases) is a key enzyme of carbohydrate metabolism catalysing the interconversion of the α- and β-anomers of hexose sugars such as glucose and galactose. Aldose 1-epimerase is essential for normal carbohydrate metabolism and the production of complex oligosaccharides .
UDP-xylose disodium is a natural product that could be isolated from Cryptococcus laurentii (N RRL Y-1401). UDP-xylose disodium is a sugar donor for the synthesis of glycoproteins, polysaccharides, various metabolites, and oligosaccharides in plants, vertebrates, and fungi ..
Lipopolysaccharides from P. aeruginosa 10 are lipopolysaccharide endotoxins composed of an O-specific antigen chain, a core oligosaccharide, and lipid A. The lipopolysaccharides from P. aeruginosa 10 have a fatty acid composition that differs from that of typical Enterobacteriaceae, with unusually high levels of phosphorylation (with detected triphosphate residues) and a unique external region of the core oligosaccharide, while the O-specific side chains are often rich in novel amino sugars. The susceptibility of Lipopolysaccharides from P. aeruginosa 10 to viruses is related to the high molecular weight polysaccharide content in its components. The absence of high molecular weight polysaccharides increases its sensitivity to bacteriophages .
β1-3,4 Galactosidase is a highly specific exoglycosidase that catalyzes the hydrolysis of terminal β1-3 and β1-4 linked galactose residues from oligosaccharides .
α1-3,6 Galactosidase, Xanthomonas manihotis is a highly specific exoglycosidase that catalyzes the hydrolysis of α1-3 and α1-6 linked galactose residues from oligosaccharides .
Pullulanase (R-enzyme) is a starch debranching enzyme, is often used in biochemical studies. Pullulanase hydrolyses the α-1,6 glucosidic linkages in starch, amylopectin, pullulan, and related oligosaccharides. Pullulanase converts polysaccharide into small fermentative sugars during saccharification .
Chitosanase is a glycosyl hydrolase that catalyzes the endo hydrolysis of β-1,4-glycosidic bonds of partially acetylated chitosan to release chitosan oligosaccharides (COS). Chitosanases can convert high molecular weight chitosan into functional chitooligosaccharides with low molecular weight .
α1-3,4 Fucosidase, Bifidobacterium bifidum is a broad specificity exoglycosidase that catalyzes the hydrolysis of terminal, non-reducing α1-3 and α1-4 linked fucose residues from oligosaccharides and glycoproteins .
α1-3,4,6 Galactosidase is a broad specificity exoglycosidase that catalyzes the hydrolysis of terminal, non-reducing α1-3, α1-4 and α1-6-linked galactose residues from oligosaccharides .
Endo-1,3-β-glucanase specifically hydrolyzes β-1,3-glycosidic bonds randomly along the β-glucan chain, and the final product is mainly glucan oligosaccharide. Endo-1,3-β-glucanase is produced by a variety of fungi, is often used in biochemical studies .
Sialidase (α2-3-6-8-9) is a broadly specific sialidase that cuts linear and branched non-reducing terminal sialic acid residues from glycoproteins, glycopeptides, and oligosaccharides. Sialidase (α2-3-6-8-9) can be used for in vitro and in vivo polysaccharide analysis and characterization as well as complete glycoprotein remodeling .
Afegostat hydrochloride (D-Isofagomine hydrochloride) is a potent β-galactosidase inhibitor with activity ameliorating GM1-gangliosidosis and Morquio B disease-associated mutations. Afegostat hydrochloride is able to induce the maturation of mutant β-galactosidase in fibroblasts from patients with GM1-gangliosidosis. Afegostat hydrochloride also promotes the reduction of keratin sulfate and oligosaccharide load in patient cells .
Lichenase, Microorganism (endo-1,3:1,4-β-D-Glucanase) is a specific, endo-(1-3),(1-4)-β-D-glucan 4-glucanohydrolase. Lichenase, Microorganism solubilizes β-glucans from cereal grains and gives gluco-oligosaccharides (GOS). Lichenase, Microorganism can be used in the degradation of polysaccharides in the cell walls .
β1-3,4,6 Galactosidase is a broad specificity exoglycosidase that catalyzes the hydrolysis of terminal, non-reducing β1-3 β1-4 and β1-6 linked galactose residues from oligosaccharides, with β1-6 linked galactose residues at a slower rate .
Lipopolysaccharides are lipopolysaccharide endotoxins and TLR-4 activators that activate pathogenicity-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) of the immune system and induce cell secretion of migrasomes. Lipopolysaccharides can be extracted from the outer leaflet of the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria and are composed of an antigenic O-specific chain, a core oligosaccharide, and lipid A. Lipopolysaccharides (LPS), from Salmonella typhosa is a kind of endotoxins derived from Salmonella typhosa .
Lipopolysaccharides are lipopolysaccharide endotoxins and TLR-4 activators that activate pathogenicity-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) of the immune system and induce cell secretion of migrasomes. Lipopolysaccharides can be extracted from the outer leaflet of the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria and are composed of an antigenic O-specific chain, a core oligosaccharide, and lipid A. Lipopolysaccharides, from Proteus vulgaris is a kind of endotoxins derived from Proteus vulgaris .
Lipopolysaccharides are lipopolysaccharide endotoxins and TLR-4 activators that activate pathogenicity-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) of the immune system and induce cell secretion of migrasomes. Lipopolysaccharides can be extracted from the outer leaflet of the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria and are composed of an antigenic O-specific chain, a core oligosaccharide, and lipid A. Lipopolysaccharides, from Proteus mirabilis is a kind of endotoxins derived from Proteus mirabilis .
Lipopolysaccharides are lipopolysaccharide endotoxins and TLR-4 activators that activate pathogenicity-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) of the immune system and induce cell secretion of migrasomes. Lipopolysaccharides can be extracted from the outer leaflet of the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria and are composed of an antigenic O-specific chain, a core oligosaccharide, and lipid A. Lipopolysaccharides, from P. gingivalis is a kind of endotoxins derived from P. gingivalis .
Uridine 5′-diphosphoglucose- 13C6 (disodium) is the 13C labeled Uridine 5′-diphosphoglucose disodium salt[1]. Uridine 5′-diphosphoglucose disodium salt (UDP-D-Glucose disodium salt) is the precursor of glucose-containing oligosaccharides, polysaccharides, glycoproteins, and glycolipids in animal tissues and in some microorganisms. Uridine-5′-diphosphoglucose is an agonist of the P2Y14 receptor, a neuroimmune system GPCR[2].
Chitoheptaose is a chitosan oligosaccharide. Chitoheptaose is capable of extracting exoskeletons from crustaceans, such as the shells of crabs, shrimp and lobsters. Chitoheptaose has antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic activities and can be used in the study of myocarditis. Chitoheptaose has cardioprotective effects and improves cardiac parameters (left ventricular internal size, end-systolic and end-diastolic, ejection fraction and shortening fraction), inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β) in vanishing models .
α1-2,4,6 Fucosidase O (EC 3.2.1.51) is a broad specificity exoglycosidase that catalyzes the hydrolysis of terminal α1-2, α1-4 and α1-6 linked fucose residues from oligosaccharides, with α1-6 fucose residues more efficiently .
Lipopolysaccharides are lipopolysaccharide endotoxins and TLR-4 activators that activate pathogenicity-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) of the immune system and induce cell secretion of migrasomes. Lipopolysaccharides can be extracted from the outer leaflet of the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria and are composed of an antigenic O-specific chain, a core oligosaccharide, and lipid A. Lipopolysaccharides (LPS), from S. enterica serotype abortus equi is a kind of endotoxins derived from S. enterica serotype abortus equi .
Lipopolysaccharides are lipopolysaccharide endotoxins and TLR-4 activators that activate pathogenicity-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) of the immune system and induce cell secretion of migrasomes. Lipopolysaccharides can be extracted from the outer leaflet of the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria and are composed of an antigenic O-specific chain, a core oligosaccharide, and lipid A. Lipopolysaccharides (LPS), from E. coli K-235 is a kind of endotoxins derived from E. coli K-235 .
Thermostable β-Agarase is a hydrolase that can hydrolyze the β-1,4 linkages in agarose to produce neoagaro-oligosaccharides, and it can be used to extract DNA and RNA from gels. Compared to conventional β-Agarase, Thermostable β-Agarase exhibits higher heat resistance and stronger hydrolytic activity. The thermostable properties of Thermostable β-Agarase simplify experimental procedures and make it suitable for the rapid purification of intact large DNA molecules .
Lacto-N-neotetraose (LNnT) is an endogenous metabolite. Lacto-N-neotetraose can inhibit TNF-α induced IL-8 secretion in immature epithelial cells. Lacto-N-neotetraose has anti-inflammatory avtivity, and can improve the wound closure .
Lacto-N-fucopentaose I (LNFPI) is a human milk oligosaccharide (HMO), possessing antiviral and antibacterial activity. Lacto-N-fucopentaose I can reduce capsid protein VP1 to block virus adsorption, promote CDK2 and reduce cyclin E to recover cell cycle S phase block. Lacto-N-fucopentaose I inhibits ROS production and apoptosis in virus-infected cells. Lacto-N-fucopentaose I can also regulate intestinal microbiota to affect immune system development .
Lipopolysaccharides are lipopolysaccharide endotoxins and TLR-4 activators that activate pathogenicity-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) of the immune system and induce cell secretion of migrasomes. Lipopolysaccharides can be extracted from the outer leaflet of the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria and are composed of an antigenic O-specific chain, a core oligosaccharide, and lipid A. Lipopolysaccharides, from E. coli O111:B4 is a kind of endotoxins derived from E. coli .
β-N-Acetylhexosaminidase, Porcine kidney is a glycosidase with transglycosylation activity, used to generate health-beneficial human milk oligosaccharides, and it effectively interacts with low molecular weight sugar alcohols (such as glycerol, erythritol, and xylitol). The enzyme exhibits optimal activity at pH 5 and 40 °C, and shows high thermal stability (up to 55°C) when bound to the cell wall. β-N-Acetylhexosaminidase holds promise for applications in the biotransformation of Chitin (HY-126389) and research in the food health sector .
7-Amino-4-methylcoumarin belongs to the coumarin class, can be isolated from the endophytic fungus Xylaria sp. and has a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity. 7-Amino-4-methylcoumarin is also commonly used as an important laser dye that emits in the blue region, capable of analyzing glycoprotein monosaccharides and N-linked oligosaccharides, and is also utilized in tissue pathology analysis, enzyme activity measurement, and copper ion detection. The excitation wavelength and emission wavelength are 351 nm and 430 nm, respectively.
Uridine 5’-diphosphoglucose (UDP-glucose) disodium salt, secreted by cardiomyocytes during ischemia and reperfu, is a potent agonist of the proinflammatory P2Y14 receptor. It acts an important role in the regulation of inflammation and neutrophil polarization in neutrophils. Uridine 5’-diphosphoglucose disodium salt is also the precursor of glucose-containing oligosaccharides, polysaccharides, glycoproteins, and glycolipids in animal tissues and in some microorganisms. Uridine 5’-diphosphoglucose disodium salt is promising for research in counteracting myocardial infarction/reperfusion (MIR)-induced inflammation in the heart tissue .
Chitinase, Serratia marcescens (EC 3.2.1.14) has partial lysozyme activity and is widely found in bacteria, fungi, animals and some plants. Chitinase belongs to the glycosyl hydrolase family. Chitinase catalyzes chito-oligosaccharide hydrolysis. Chitinases also can serve as prognostic biomarkers of disease progression. Chitinase can be used in the research of pathogenesis of various human fibrotic and inflammatory disorders, particularly those of the lung (idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, sarcoidosis, and asthma) and the gastrointestinal tract (inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs) and colon cancer) .
Lipopolysaccharides, from S. marcescens, are lipopolysaccharide endotoxins that can activate pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMP) in the immune system and induce the secretion of exosomes by cells. Lipopolysaccharides can be extracted from the outer leaflet of the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria and consist of an O-specific antigen chain, a core oligosaccharide, and lipid A. Lipopolysaccharides, from S. marcescens, induce the activation of NF-κB in mouse cells through Toll-like receptor (TLR4)/MD-2. Lipopolysaccharides from S. marcescens can also induce apoptosis in host immune cellsS. marcescens .
Lipopolysaccharides, from E. coli O55:B5 is an endotoxin extracted from E. coli O55:B5, consisting of an antigen-specific chain, A core oligosaccharide, and lipid A. Lipopolysaccharides, from E. coli O55:B5 activates TLR-4 of immune cells. Lipopolysaccharides, from E. coli O55:B5 can induce the change of body temperature in rats with dose and serotype specificity. Lipopolysaccharides, from E. coli O55:B5 caused a heterogeneous and dose-independent increase in body temperature in rats .
Lipopolysaccharides, from Klebsiella, are lipopolysaccharide endotoxins. Lipopolysaccharides, from Klebsiella pneumoniae, consist of three parts: lipid A, core oligosaccharide, and O-specific antigen or O-side chain. In smooth LPS, the core region is divided into two areas: the inner core near the lipid A and the outer core that provides attachment sites for the O-antigen. In the lipopolysaccharide of Klebsiella pneumoniae, the l,d-HeppII at the O-3 position can be replaced by an α-d-galacturonic acid residue (α-d-GalpA). In most studied Enterobacteriaceae, the core LPS contains inner core phosphorylation modifications, but the core LPS of Klebsiella pneumoniae lacks this modification. The unique core structure plays an important role in the outer membrane permeability and pathogenesis of Klebsiella pneumoniae .
7-Amino-4-methylcoumarin (Standard) is the analytical standard of 7-Amino-4-methylcoumarin. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. 7-Amino-4-methylcoumarin belongs to the coumarin class, can be isolated from the endophytic fungus Xylaria sp. and has a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity. 7-Amino-4-methylcoumarin is also commonly used as an important laser dye that emits in the blue region, capable of analyzing glycoprotein monosaccharides and N-linked oligosaccharides, and is also utilized in tissue pathology analysis, enzyme activity measurement, and copper ion detection. The excitation wavelength and emission wavelength are 351 nm and 430 nm, respectively. [4]
Lipopolysaccharides, from S. enterica serotype typhimurium, are a kind of lipid-polysaccharide endotoxin. Smooth Gram-negative bacteria's lipopolysaccharides are made up of three components: lipid A, core oligosaccharide, and O antigen (OAg). The O antigen is a polymer of sugar repeat units (RUs); the Wzz protein regulates the length of the O antigen in lipopolysaccharides, and the number of RUs attached to lipid A is determined by the modal value set by the Wzz protein. S. enterica typhimurium has two Wzz proteins: WzzST (which makes the modal range of the O antigen between 16 and 35 RUs) and WzzfepE (which makes the modal value over 100 RUs). Mutating the genes corresponding to these two proteins causes the formation of short-chain O antigen chains and significantly reduces bacterial pathogenicity .
Lipopolysaccharides (LPS) are specific endotoxins and one of the major components of the cell wall of Gram-negative bacteria. Lipopolysaccharides consist of three parts: lipid A, core oligosaccharide, and O-specific polysaccharide. Lipopolysaccharides are powerful immune stimulants that can activate the host immune system, particularly by binding to Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) on the surface of immune cells, triggering an inflammatory response. The LPS of most Salmonella serotypes has a complex O-antigen (OAg) structure, with the number of OAg units in the core polysaccharide varying between 16 and over 100 repeats. Mutations in OAg-regulating factors that alter the OAg structure can change the interaction between Salmonella and epithelial cells. Strains with long OAg have increased SPI1-T3SS effector protein translocation and invasion. Strains completely lacking OAg exhibit increased invasiveness and higher adhesiveness. This product is derived from Salmonella enterica serotype Minnesota. Lipopolysaccharides, from S. enterica serotype minnesota, can be used to study host immune system activation and its role in inflammation and immune regulation .
Lipopolysaccharides, from E. coli O127:B8 is a lipopolysaccharide endotoxin from E. coli O127:B8 and TLR-4 activator, Activates disease-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) of the immune system and induces cell secretion of migratory bodies. Lipopolysaccharides, from E. coli O127:B8 consists of an antigen-specific O-chain, A core oligosaccharide, and lipid A. Lipopolysaccharides, from E. coli O127:B8 can induce changes in body temperature in rats and is dose and serotype specific. High dose of Lipopolysaccharides, from E. coli O127:B8 can cause a double change of body temperature in rats, that is, hypothermia followed by fever. In addition, Lipopolysaccharides, from E. coli O127:B8 can induce inflammation and inhibit reproduction, and can significantly increase the mitotic activity of mollusks .
7-Amino-4-methylcoumarin belongs to the coumarin class, can be isolated from the endophytic fungus Xylaria sp. and has a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity. 7-Amino-4-methylcoumarin is also commonly used as an important laser dye that emits in the blue region, capable of analyzing glycoprotein monosaccharides and N-linked oligosaccharides, and is also utilized in tissue pathology analysis, enzyme activity measurement, and copper ion detection. The excitation wavelength and emission wavelength are 351 nm and 430 nm, respectively.
7-Amino-4-methylcoumarin (Standard) is the analytical standard of 7-Amino-4-methylcoumarin. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. 7-Amino-4-methylcoumarin belongs to the coumarin class, can be isolated from the endophytic fungus Xylaria sp. and has a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity. 7-Amino-4-methylcoumarin is also commonly used as an important laser dye that emits in the blue region, capable of analyzing glycoprotein monosaccharides and N-linked oligosaccharides, and is also utilized in tissue pathology analysis, enzyme activity measurement, and copper ion detection. The excitation wavelength and emission wavelength are 351 nm and 430 nm, respectively. [4]
GDP-L-fucose disodium is a nucleotide sugar that is a key substrate for the biosynthesis of fucose oligosaccharides. GDP-L-fucose disodium provides the fucose moiety for the oligosaccharides. The formation of GDP-L-fucose disodium occurs through two pathways, the major de novo metabolic pathway and the minor remedial metabolic pathway .
A4 glycan (A4 N-linked oligosaccharide) is a N-polysaccharide protein and a multifunctional fluorescent linker. The resulting conjugates exhibit high sensitivity and specificity by mimicking the antennal elements of N-glycans .
A3 glycan (A3 N-linked oligosaccharide) is a N-polysaccharide protein and a multifunctional fluorescent linker. The resulting conjugates exhibit high sensitivity and specificity by mimicking the antennal elements of N-glycans .
A2 glycan (G0) (A2 N-linked oligosaccharide) is a N-polysaccharide protein and a multifunctional fluorescent linker. The resulting conjugates exhibit high sensitivity and specificity by mimicking the antennal elements of N-glycans .
A4 glycan, procainamide labelled (A4 N-linked oligosaccharide, procainamide labelled) is a N-polysaccharide protein and a multifunctional fluorescent linker. The resulting conjugates exhibit high sensitivity and specificity by mimicking the antennal elements of N-glycans .
A3 glycan, procainamide labelled (A3 N-linked oligosaccharide, procainamide labelled) is a N-polysaccharide protein and a multifunctional fluorescent linker. The resulting conjugates exhibit high sensitivity and specificity by mimicking the antennal elements of N-glycans .
A4G4 glycan (A4G4 N-linked oligosaccharide) is a N-polysaccharide protein and a multifunctional fluorescent linker. The resulting conjugates exhibit high sensitivity and specificity by mimicking the antennal elements of N-glycans .
A2 glycan (G0), procainamide labelled (A2 N-linked oligosaccharide, procainamide labelled) is a N-polysaccharide protein and a multifunctional fluorescent linker. The resulting conjugates exhibit high sensitivity and specificity by mimicking the antennal elements of N-glycans .
A2 glycan (G0), APTS labelled (A2 N-linked oligosaccharide, APTS labelled) is a N-polysaccharide protein and a multifunctional fluorescent linker. The resulting conjugates exhibit high sensitivity and specificity by mimicking the antennal elements of N-glycans .
A3 glycan, 2-AB labelled (A3 N-linked oligosaccharide, 2-AB labelled) is a N-polysaccharide protein and a multifunctional fluorescent linker. The resulting conjugates exhibit high sensitivity and specificity by mimicking the antennal elements of N-glycans .
A3 glycan, 2-AA labelled (A3 N-linked oligosaccharide, 2-AA labelled) is a N-polysaccharide protein and a multifunctional fluorescent linker. The resulting conjugates exhibit high sensitivity and specificity by mimicking the antennal elements of N-glycans .
A4 glycan, 2-AB labelled (A4 N-linked oligosaccharide, 2-AB labelled) is a N-polysaccharide protein and a multifunctional fluorescent linker. The resulting conjugates exhibit high sensitivity and specificity by mimicking the antennal elements of N-glycans .
A4 glycan, 2-AA labelled (A4 N-linked oligosaccharide, 2-AA labelled) is a N-polysaccharide protein and a multifunctional fluorescent linker. The resulting conjugates exhibit high sensitivity and specificity by mimicking the antennal elements of N-glycans .
M3 glycan (Man3) (Mannose-3 N-linked oligosaccharide; Oligomannose 3 glycan) is a N-polysaccharide protein and a multifunctional fluorescent linker. The resulting conjugates exhibit high sensitivity and specificity by mimicking the antennal elements of N-glycans .
M7 glycan (Man7) (Mannose-7 N-linked oligosaccharide; Oligomannose 7 glycan) is a N-polysaccharide protein and a multifunctional fluorescent linker. The resulting conjugates exhibit high sensitivity and specificity by mimicking the antennal elements of N-glycans .
M8 glycan (Man8) (Mannose-8 N-linked oligosaccharide; Oligomannose 8 glycan) is a N-polysaccharide protein and a multifunctional fluorescent linker. The resulting conjugates exhibit high sensitivity and specificity by mimicking the antennal elements of N-glycans .
M5 glycan (Man5) (Mannose-5 N-linked oligosaccharide; Oligomannose 5 glycan) is a N-polysaccharide protein and a multifunctional fluorescent linker. The resulting conjugates exhibit high sensitivity and specificity by mimicking the antennal elements of N-glycans .
M6 glycan (Man6) (Mannose-6 N-linked oligosaccharide; Oligomannose 6 glycan) is a N-polysaccharide protein and a multifunctional fluorescent linker. The resulting conjugates exhibit high sensitivity and specificity by mimicking the antennal elements of N-glycans .
M9 glycan (Man9) (Mannose-9 N-linked oligosaccharide; Oligomannose 9 glycan) is a N-polysaccharide protein and a multifunctional fluorescent linker. The resulting conjugates exhibit high sensitivity and specificity by mimicking the antennal elements of N-glycans .
A3G3S3 glycan (A3G3S3 N-linked oligosaccharide) is an N-glycosylated plasma protein that plays an important role in indicating different stages of type 1 diabetes .
A2 glycan (G0), 2-AB labelled (A2 N-linked oligosaccharide, 2-AB labelled) is a N-polysaccharide protein and a multifunctional fluorescent linker. The resulting conjugates exhibit high sensitivity and specificity by mimicking the antennal elements of N-glycans .
FA2 glycan (G0F) (FA2 N-linked oligosaccharide; F(6)A2 glycan) is a N-polysaccharide protein and a multifunctional fluorescent linker. The resulting conjugates exhibit high sensitivity and specificity by mimicking the antennal elements of N-glycans .
A2G2 glycan (G2), APTS labelled (A2G2 N-linked oligosaccharide, APTS labelled) is a N-polysaccharide protein and a multifunctional fluorescent linker. The resulting conjugates exhibit high sensitivity and specificity by mimicking the antennal elements of N-glycans .
A4G4 glycan, 2-AA labelled (A4G4 N-linked oligosaccharide, 2-AA labelled) is a N-polysaccharide protein and a multifunctional fluorescent linker. The resulting conjugates exhibit high sensitivity and specificity by mimicking the antennal elements of N-glycans .
A4G4 glycan, 2-AB labelled (A4G4 N-linked oligosaccharide, 2-AB labelled) is a N-polysaccharide protein and a multifunctional fluorescent linker. The resulting conjugates exhibit high sensitivity and specificity by mimicking the antennal elements of N-glycans .
M6 glycan (Man6), procainamide labelled (Mannose-6 N-linked oligosaccharide, procainamide labelled) is a N-polysaccharide protein and a multifunctional fluorescent linker. The resulting conjugates exhibit high sensitivity and specificity by mimicking the antennal elements of N-glycans .
A3G3S3 glycan, procainamide labelled (A3G3S3 N-linked oligosaccharide, procainamide labelled) is a N-polysaccharide protein and a multifunctional fluorescent linker. The resulting conjugates exhibit high sensitivity and specificity by mimicking the antennal elements of N-glycans .
A2G2 glycan (G2) (A2G2 N-linked oligosaccharide; A2G(4)2 glycan) is a N-polysaccharide protein and a multifunctional fluorescent linker. The resulting conjugates exhibit high sensitivity and specificity by mimicking the antennal elements of N-glycans .
A3G3 glycan (G3), 2-AB labelled (A3G3 N-linked oligosaccharide, 2-AB labelled) is a N-polysaccharide protein and a multifunctional fluorescent linker. The resulting conjugates exhibit high sensitivity and specificity by mimicking the antennal elements of N-glycans .
A2G2 glycan (G2), 2-AB labelled (A2G2 N-linked oligosaccharide, 2-AB labelled) is a N-polysaccharide protein and a multifunctional fluorescent linker. The resulting conjugates exhibit high sensitivity and specificity by mimicking the antennal elements of N-glycans .
A2G2 glycan (G2), 2-AA labelled (A2G2 N-linked oligosaccharide, 2-AA labelled) is a N-polysaccharide protein and a multifunctional fluorescent linker. The resulting conjugates exhibit high sensitivity and specificity by mimicking the antennal elements of N-glycans .
A3G3 glycan (G3) (A3G3 N-linked oligosaccharide; A3G(4)3 glycan) is a N-polysaccharide protein and a multifunctional fluorescent linker. The resulting conjugates exhibit high sensitivity and specificity by mimicking the antennal elements of N-glycans .
A3G3 glycan (G3), 2-AA labelled (A3G3 N-linked oligosaccharide, 2-AA labelled) is a N-polysaccharide protein and a multifunctional fluorescent linker. The resulting conjugates exhibit high sensitivity and specificity by mimicking the antennal elements of N-glycans .
M5 glycan (Man5), APTS labelled (Mannose-5 N-linked oligosaccharide, APTS labelled; Oligomannose 5 glycan, APTS labelled) is a N-polysaccharide protein and a multifunctional fluorescent linker. The resulting conjugates exhibit high sensitivity and specificity by mimicking the antennal elements of N-glycans .
M7 glycan (Man7), procainamide labelled (Mannose-7 N-linked oligosaccharide, procainamide labelled; Oligomannose 7 glycan, procainamide labelled) is a N-polysaccharide protein and a multifunctional fluorescent linker. The resulting conjugates exhibit high sensitivity and specificity by mimicking the antennal elements of N-glycans .
M5 glycan (Man5), procainamide labelled (Mannose-5 N-linked oligosaccharide, procainamide labelled; Oligomannose 5 glycan, procainamide labelled) is a N-polysaccharide protein and a multifunctional fluorescent linker. The resulting conjugates exhibit high sensitivity and specificity by mimicking the antennal elements of N-glycans .
M8 glycan (Man8), procainamide labelled (Mannose-8 N-linked oligosaccharide, procainamide labelled; Oligomannose 8 glycan, procainamide labelled) is a N-polysaccharide protein and a multifunctional fluorescent linker. The resulting conjugates exhibit high sensitivity and specificity by mimicking the antennal elements of N-glycans .
M9 glycan (Man9), procainamide labelled (Mannose-9 N-linked oligosaccharide, procainamide labelled; Oligomannose 9 glycan, procainamide labelled) is a N-polysaccharide protein and a multifunctional fluorescent linker. The resulting conjugates exhibit high sensitivity and specificity by mimicking the antennal elements of N-glycans .
FA2G2 glycan (G2F) (FA2G2 N-linked oligosaccharide; F(6)A2G2) is a N-polysaccharide protein and a multifunctional fluorescent linker. The resulting conjugates exhibit high sensitivity and specificity by mimicking the antennal elements of N-glycans .
A3G3S3 glycan, 2-AA labelled (A3G3S3 N-linked oligosaccharide, 2-AA labelled) is a N-polysaccharide protein and a multifunctional fluorescent linker. The resulting conjugates exhibit high sensitivity and specificity by mimicking the antennal elements of N-glycans .
A3G3S3 glycan, 2-AB labelled (A3G3S3 N-linked oligosaccharide, 2-AB labelled) is a N-polysaccharide protein and a multifunctional fluorescent linker. The resulting conjugates exhibit high sensitivity and specificity by mimicking the antennal elements of N-glycans .
FA2 glycan (G0F), APTS labelled (FA2 N-linked oligosaccharide, APTS labelled; F(6)A2 glycan, APTS labelled) is a N-polysaccharide protein and a multifunctional fluorescent linker. The resulting conjugates exhibit high sensitivity and specificity by mimicking the antennal elements of N-glycans .
FA2G2S1 glycan (G2FS1), APTS labelled (FA2G2S1 N-linked oligosaccharide, APTS labelled) is a N-polysaccharide protein and a multifunctional fluorescent linker. The resulting conjugates exhibit high sensitivity and specificity by mimicking the antennal elements of N-glycans .
A2G2S1 glycan (G2S1), APTS labelled (A2G2S1 N-linked oligosaccharide, APTS labelled) is a N-polysaccharide protein and a multifunctional fluorescent linker. The resulting conjugates exhibit high sensitivity and specificity by mimicking the antennal elements of N-glycans .
M9 glycan (Man9), 2-AB labelled (Mannose-9 N-linked oligosaccharide, 2-AB labelled; Oligomannose 9 glycan, 2-AB labelled) is a N-polysaccharide protein and a multifunctional fluorescent linker. The resulting conjugates exhibit high sensitivity and specificity by mimicking the antennal elements of N-glycans .
M6 glycan (Man6), 2-AB labelled (Mannose-6 N-linked oligosaccharide, 2-AB labelled; Oligomannose 6 glycan, 2-AB labelled) is a N-polysaccharide protein and a multifunctional fluorescent linker. The resulting conjugates exhibit high sensitivity and specificity by mimicking the antennal elements of N-glycans .
M3 glycan (Man3), 2-AA labelled (Mannose-3 N-linked oligosaccharide, 2-AA labelled; Oligomannose 3 glycan, 2-AA labelled) is a N-polysaccharide protein and a multifunctional fluorescent linker. The resulting conjugates exhibit high sensitivity and specificity by mimicking the antennal elements of N-glycans .
M3 glycan (Man3), 2-AB labelled (Mannose-3 N-linked oligosaccharide, 2-AB labelled; Oligomannose 3 glycan, 2-AB labelled) is a N-polysaccharide protein and a multifunctional fluorescent linker. The resulting conjugates exhibit high sensitivity and specificity by mimicking the antennal elements of N-glycans .
M8 glycan (Man8), 2-AA labelled (Mannose-8 N-linked oligosaccharide, 2-AA labelled; Oligomannose 8 glycan, 2-AA labelled) is a N-polysaccharide protein and a multifunctional fluorescent linker. The resulting conjugates exhibit high sensitivity and specificity by mimicking the antennal elements of N-glycans .
M8 glycan (Man8), 2-AB labelled (Mannose-8 N-linked oligosaccharide, 2-AB labelled; Oligomannose 8 glycan, 2-AB labelled) is a N-polysaccharide protein and a multifunctional fluorescent linker. The resulting conjugates exhibit high sensitivity and specificity by mimicking the antennal elements of N-glycans .
M7 glycan (Man7), 2-AB labelled (Mannose-7 N-linked oligosaccharide, 2-AB labelled; Oligomannose 7 glycan, 2-AB labelled) is a N-polysaccharide protein and a multifunctional fluorescent linker. The resulting conjugates exhibit high sensitivity and specificity by mimicking the antennal elements of N-glycans .
M9 glycan (Man9), 2-AA labelled (Mannose-9 N-linked oligosaccharide, 2-AA labelled; Oligomannose 9 glycan, 2-AA labelled) is a N-polysaccharide protein and a multifunctional fluorescent linker. The resulting conjugates exhibit high sensitivity and specificity by mimicking the antennal elements of N-glycans .
M6 glycan (Man6), 2-AA labelled (Mannose-6 N-linked oligosaccharide, 2-AA labelled; Oligomannose 6 glycan, 2-AA labelled) is a N-polysaccharide protein and a multifunctional fluorescent linker. The resulting conjugates exhibit high sensitivity and specificity by mimicking the antennal elements of N-glycans .
M7 glycan (Man7), 2-AA labelled (Mannose-7 N-linked oligosaccharide, 2-AA labelled; Oligomannose 7 glycan, 2-AA labelled) is a N-polysaccharide protein and a multifunctional fluorescent linker. The resulting conjugates exhibit high sensitivity and specificity by mimicking the antennal elements of N-glycans .
M5 glycan (Man5), 2-AA labelled (Mannose-5 N-linked oligosaccharide, 2-AA labelled; Oligomannose 5 glycan, 2-AA labelled) is a N-polysaccharide protein and a multifunctional fluorescent linker. The resulting conjugates exhibit high sensitivity and specificity by mimicking the antennal elements of N-glycans .
M5 glycan (Man5), 2-AB labelled (Mannose-5 N-linked oligosaccharide, 2-AB labelled; Oligomannose 5 glycan, 2-AB labelled) is a N-polysaccharide protein and a multifunctional fluorescent linker. The resulting conjugates exhibit high sensitivity and specificity by mimicking the antennal elements of N-glycans .
FA2 glycan (G0F), 2-AA labelled (FA2 N-linked oligosaccharide, 2-AA labelled; F(6)A2 glycan, 2-AA labelled) is a N-polysaccharide protein and a multifunctional fluorescent linker. The resulting conjugates exhibit high sensitivity and specificity by mimicking the antennal elements of N-glycans .
FA2 glycan (G0F), 2-AB labelled (FA2 N-linked oligosaccharide, 2-AB labelled; F(6)A2 glycan, 2-AB labelled) is a N-polysaccharide protein and a multifunctional fluorescent linker. The resulting conjugates exhibit high sensitivity and specificity by mimicking the antennal elements of N-glycans .
FA2G2S1 glycan (G2FS1), 2-AB labelled (FA2G2S1 N-linked oligosaccharide, 2-AB labelled) is a N-polysaccharide protein and a multifunctional fluorescent linker. The resulting conjugates exhibit high sensitivity and specificity by mimicking the antennal elements of N-glycans .
FA2G2S1 glycan (G2FS1), 2-AA labelled (FA2G2S1 N-linked oligosaccharide, 2-AA labelled) is a N-polysaccharide protein and a multifunctional fluorescent linker. The resulting conjugates exhibit high sensitivity and specificity by mimicking the antennal elements of N-glycans .
A2G2S1 glycan (G2S1), 2-AB labelled (A2G2S1 N-linked oligosaccharide, 2-AB labelled) is a N-polysaccharide protein and a multifunctional fluorescent linker. The resulting conjugates exhibit high sensitivity and specificity by mimicking the antennal elements of N-glycans .
A3G3 glycan (G3), procainamide labelled (A3G3 N-linked oligosaccharide, procainamide labelled; A3G(4)3 glycan, procainamide labelled) is a N-polysaccharide protein and a multifunctional fluorescent linker. The resulting conjugates exhibit high sensitivity and specificity by mimicking the antennal elements of N-glycans .
A2G2 glycan (G2), procainamide labelled (A2G2 N-linked oligosaccharide, procainamide labelled; A2G(4)2 glycan, procainamide labelled) is a N-polysaccharide protein and a multifunctional fluorescent linker. The resulting conjugates exhibit high sensitivity and specificity by mimicking the antennal elements of N-glycans .
A2G2S1 glycan (G2S1), 2-AA labelled (A2G2S1 N-linked oligosaccharide, 2-AA labelled) is a N-polysaccharide protein and a multifunctional fluorescent linker. The resulting conjugates exhibit high sensitivity and specificity by mimicking the antennal elements of N-glycans .
FA2G2 glycan (G2F), APTS labelled (FA2G2 N-linked oligosaccharide, APTS labelled; F(6)A2G2, APTS labelled) is a N-polysaccharide protein and a multifunctional fluorescent linker. The resulting conjugates exhibit high sensitivity and specificity by mimicking the antennal elements of N-glycans .
FA2B glycan (G0B), 2-AA labelled (FA2B N-linked oligosaccharide, 2-AA labelled; G0F with bisecting GlcNAc, 2-AA labelled) is a N-polysaccharide protein and a multifunctional fluorescent linker. The resulting conjugates exhibit high sensitivity and specificity by mimicking the antennal elements of N-glycans .
FA2B glycan (G0B), 2-AB labelled (FA2B N-linked oligosaccharide, 2-AB labelled; G0F with bisecting GlcNAc, 2-AB labelled) is a N-polysaccharide protein and a multifunctional fluorescent linker. The resulting conjugates exhibit high sensitivity and specificity by mimicking the antennal elements of N-glycans .
A2G2S1 glycan (G2S1) (A2G2S1 N-linked oligosaccharide; A2G(4)2S(6)1 glycan) is a N-polysaccharide protein and a multifunctional fluorescent linker. The resulting conjugates exhibit high sensitivity and specificity by mimicking the antennal elements of N-glycans .
A2G2S2 glycan (G2S2) (A2G2S2 N-linked oligosaccharide; A2G(4)2S(6)2 glycan) is a N-polysaccharide protein and a multifunctional fluorescent linker. The resulting conjugates exhibit high sensitivity and specificity by mimicking the antennal elements of N-glycans .
A2[3]G1 & A2[6]G1 glycan (G1) (A2[3]G1 & A2[6]G1 N-linked oligosaccharide) is a N-polysaccharide protein and a multifunctional fluorescent linker. The resulting conjugates exhibit high sensitivity and specificity by mimicking the antennal elements of N-glycans .
FA2G2 glycan (G2F), 2-AA labelled (FA2G2 N-linked oligosaccharide, 2-AA labelled; F(6)A2G2, 2-AA labelled) is a N-polysaccharide protein and a multifunctional fluorescent linker. The resulting conjugates exhibit high sensitivity and specificity by mimicking the antennal elements of N-glycans .
FA2G2 glycan (G2F), 2-AB labelled (FA2G2 N-linked oligosaccharide, 2-AB labelled; F(6)A2G2, 2-AB labelled) is a N-polysaccharide protein and a multifunctional fluorescent linker. The resulting conjugates exhibit high sensitivity and specificity by mimicking the antennal elements of N-glycans .
FA2[3]G1 & FA2[6]G1 glycan (G1F) (FA2[3]G1 & FA2[6]G1 N-linked oligosaccharide) is a N-polysaccharide protein and a multifunctional fluorescent linker. The resulting conjugates exhibit high sensitivity and specificity by mimicking the antennal elements of N-glycans .
FA2G2S2 glycan (G2FS2) (FA2G2S2 N-linked oligosaccharide; F(6)A2G(4)2S(6)2 glycan) is a N-polysaccharide protein and a multifunctional fluorescent linker. The resulting conjugates exhibit high sensitivity and specificity by mimicking the antennal elements of N-glycans .
A2G2S2 glycan (G2S2), APTS labelled (A2G2S2 N-linked oligosaccharide, APTS labelled; A2G(4)2S(6)2 glycan, APTS labelled) is a N-polysaccharide protein and a multifunctional fluorescent linker. The resulting conjugates exhibit high sensitivity and specificity by mimicking the antennal elements of N-glycans .
FA2[3]G1 & FA2[6]G1 glycan (G1F), procainamide labelled (FA2[3]G1 & FA2[6]G1 N-linked oligosaccharide, procainamide labelled) is a N-polysaccharide protein and a multifunctional fluorescent linker. The resulting conjugates exhibit high sensitivity and specificity by mimicking the antennal elements of N-glycans .
FA2[3]G1 & FA2[6]G1 glycan (G1F), APTS labelled (FA2[3]G1 & FA2[6]G1 N-linked oligosaccharide, APTS labelled) is a N-polysaccharide protein and a multifunctional fluorescent linker. The resulting conjugates exhibit high sensitivity and specificity by mimicking the antennal elements of N-glycans .
A2[3]G1 & A2[6]G1 glycan (G1), 2-AA labelled (A2[3]G1 & A2[6]G1 N-linked oligosaccharide, 2-AA labelled) is a N-polysaccharide protein and a multifunctional fluorescent linker. The resulting conjugates exhibit high sensitivity and specificity by mimicking the antennal elements of N-glycans .
FA2G2S2 glycan (G2FS2), APTS labelled (FA2G2S2 N-linked oligosaccharide, APTS labelled; F(6)A2G(4)2S(6)2 glycan, APTS labelled) is a N-polysaccharide protein and a multifunctional fluorescent linker. The resulting conjugates exhibit high sensitivity and specificity by mimicking the antennal elements of N-glycans .
FA2[3]G1 & FA2[6]G1 glycan (G1F), 2-AA labelled (FA2[3]G1 & FA2[6]G1 N-linked oligosaccharide, 2-AA labelled) is a N-polysaccharide protein and a multifunctional fluorescent linker. The resulting conjugates exhibit high sensitivity and specificity by mimicking the antennal elements of N-glycans .
FA2[3]G1 & FA2[6]G1 glycan (G1F), 2-AB labelled (FA2[3]G1 & FA2[6]G1 N-linked oligosaccharide, 2-AB labelled) is a N-polysaccharide protein and a multifunctional fluorescent linker. The resulting conjugates exhibit high sensitivity and specificity by mimicking the antennal elements of N-glycans .
A2G2S2 glycan (G2S2), 2-AA labelled (A2G2S2 N-linked oligosaccharide, 2-AA labelled; A2G(4)2S(6)2 glycan, 2-AA labelled) is a N-polysaccharide protein and a multifunctional fluorescent linker. The resulting conjugates exhibit high sensitivity and specificity by mimicking the antennal elements of N-glycans .
A2G2S2 glycan (G2S2), 2-AB labelled (A2G2S2 N-linked oligosaccharide, 2-AB labelled; A2G(4)2S(6)2 glycan, 2-AB labelled) is a N-polysaccharide protein and a multifunctional fluorescent linker. The resulting conjugates exhibit high sensitivity and specificity by mimicking the antennal elements of N-glycans .
FA2G2S2 glycan (G2FS2), 2-AB labelled (FA2G2S2 N-linked oligosaccharide, 2-AB labelled; F(6)A2G(4)2S(6)2 glycan, 2-AB labelled) is a N-polysaccharide protein and a multifunctional fluorescent linker. The resulting conjugates exhibit high sensitivity and specificity by mimicking the antennal elements of N-glycans .
FA2G2S2 glycan (G2FS2), 2-AA labelled (FA2G2S2 N-linked oligosaccharide, 2-AA labelled; F(6)A2G(4)2S(6)2 glycan, 2-AA labelled) is a N-polysaccharide protein and a multifunctional fluorescent linker. The resulting conjugates exhibit high sensitivity and specificity by mimicking the antennal elements of N-glycans .
FA2G2S1 glycan (G2FS1) (FA2G2S1 N-linked oligosaccharide; α(2,6)/FA2G2S(6)1 glycan; F(6)A2G(4)2S(6)1 glycan) is a N-polysaccharide protein and a multifunctional fluorescent linker. The resulting conjugates exhibit high sensitivity and specificity by mimicking the antennal elements of N-glycans .
FA2[3]BG1 & FA2[6]BG1 glycan (G1B), 2-AA labelled (FA2[3]BG1 & FA2[6]BG1 glycan N-linked oligosaccharide, 2-AA labelled; G1F with bisecting GlcNAc, 2-AA labelled) is a N-polysaccharide protein and a multifunctional fluorescent linker. The resulting conjugates exhibit high sensitivity and specificity by mimicking the antennal elements of N-glycans .
FA2[3]BG1 & FA2[6]BG1 glycan (G1B), 2-AB labelled (FA2[3]BG1 & FA2[6]BG1 glycan N-linked oligosaccharide, 2-AB labelled; G1F with bisecting GlcNAc, 2-AB labelled) is a N-polysaccharide protein and a multifunctional fluorescent linker. The resulting conjugates exhibit high sensitivity and specificity by mimicking the antennal elements of N-glycans .
Carbohydrate Sulfotransferase 10 (EC:2.8.2.-) can catalyze sulphate transfer to position 3 of terminal glucuronic acid of both protein- and lipid-linked oligosaccharides .
FA2G2S1 glycan (G2FS1), procainamide labelled (FA2G2S1 N-linked oligosaccharide, procainamide labelled; α(2,6)/FA2G2S(6)1 glycan, procainamide labelled; F(6)A2G(4)2S(6)1 glycan, procainamide labelled) is a N-polysaccharide protein and a multifunctional fluorescent linker. The resulting conjugates exhibit high sensitivity and specificity by mimicking the antennal elements of N-glycans .
N-Acetylglucosaminyltransferase III (EC:2.4.1.144 MGAT3) transfers a GlcNAc residue to the beta-linked mannose of the trimannosyl core of N-linked oligosaccharides and produces a bisecting GlcNAc .
Fucosyltransferase 9 (EC:2.4.1.152, FUT9) catalyzes the last step in the biosynthesis of Lewis antigen, the addition of a fucose to precursor polysaccharides. Fucosyltransferase 9 synthesizes the LeX oligosaccharide (CD15) .
β-1,3-N-Acetylglucosaminyltransferase 4 (EC:2.4.1.149, B3GNT4) is involved in the synthesis of poly-N-acetyllactosamine and has activity for type 2 oligosaccharides .
Lipopolysaccharides from P. aeruginosa 10 are lipopolysaccharide endotoxins composed of an O-specific antigen chain, a core oligosaccharide, and lipid A. The lipopolysaccharides from P. aeruginosa 10 have a fatty acid composition that differs from that of typical Enterobacteriaceae, with unusually high levels of phosphorylation (with detected triphosphate residues) and a unique external region of the core oligosaccharide, while the O-specific side chains are often rich in novel amino sugars. The susceptibility of Lipopolysaccharides from P. aeruginosa 10 to viruses is related to the high molecular weight polysaccharide content in its components. The absence of high molecular weight polysaccharides increases its sensitivity to bacteriophages .
ST6 Gal Sialyltransferase 2 (EC:2.4.3.1, ST6GAL2) catalyzes the transfer of sialic acid from CMP to an oligosaccharide substrate. ST6 Gal Sialyltransferase 2 plays an important role in schizophrenic research .
A2[3]G1 & A2[6]G1 glycan (G1), 2-AB labeled Lewis sugar. SLeX is a ligand for the cell adhesion molecule E-selectin (E-selectin), which is specifically expressed at sites of inflammatory lesions. Designing SLeX-polysaccharide conjugates to deliver drugs to inflammatory lesions .
Lipopolysaccharides are lipopolysaccharide endotoxins and TLR-4 activators that activate pathogenicity-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) of the immune system and induce cell secretion of migrasomes. Lipopolysaccharides can be extracted from the outer leaflet of the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria and are composed of an antigenic O-specific chain, a core oligosaccharide, and lipid A. Lipopolysaccharides (LPS), from Salmonella typhosa is a kind of endotoxins derived from Salmonella typhosa .
Lipopolysaccharides are lipopolysaccharide endotoxins and TLR-4 activators that activate pathogenicity-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) of the immune system and induce cell secretion of migrasomes. Lipopolysaccharides can be extracted from the outer leaflet of the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria and are composed of an antigenic O-specific chain, a core oligosaccharide, and lipid A. Lipopolysaccharides, from Proteus vulgaris is a kind of endotoxins derived from Proteus vulgaris .
Lipopolysaccharides are lipopolysaccharide endotoxins and TLR-4 activators that activate pathogenicity-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) of the immune system and induce cell secretion of migrasomes. Lipopolysaccharides can be extracted from the outer leaflet of the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria and are composed of an antigenic O-specific chain, a core oligosaccharide, and lipid A. Lipopolysaccharides, from Proteus mirabilis is a kind of endotoxins derived from Proteus mirabilis .
Lipopolysaccharides are lipopolysaccharide endotoxins and TLR-4 activators that activate pathogenicity-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) of the immune system and induce cell secretion of migrasomes. Lipopolysaccharides can be extracted from the outer leaflet of the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria and are composed of an antigenic O-specific chain, a core oligosaccharide, and lipid A. Lipopolysaccharides, from P. gingivalis is a kind of endotoxins derived from P. gingivalis .
Chitoheptaose is a chitosan oligosaccharide. Chitoheptaose is capable of extracting exoskeletons from crustaceans, such as the shells of crabs, shrimp and lobsters. Chitoheptaose has antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic activities and can be used in the study of myocarditis. Chitoheptaose has cardioprotective effects and improves cardiac parameters (left ventricular internal size, end-systolic and end-diastolic, ejection fraction and shortening fraction), inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β) in vanishing models .
Lipopolysaccharides are lipopolysaccharide endotoxins and TLR-4 activators that activate pathogenicity-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) of the immune system and induce cell secretion of migrasomes. Lipopolysaccharides can be extracted from the outer leaflet of the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria and are composed of an antigenic O-specific chain, a core oligosaccharide, and lipid A. Lipopolysaccharides (LPS), from S. enterica serotype abortus equi is a kind of endotoxins derived from S. enterica serotype abortus equi .
Lipopolysaccharides are lipopolysaccharide endotoxins and TLR-4 activators that activate pathogenicity-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) of the immune system and induce cell secretion of migrasomes. Lipopolysaccharides can be extracted from the outer leaflet of the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria and are composed of an antigenic O-specific chain, a core oligosaccharide, and lipid A. Lipopolysaccharides (LPS), from E. coli K-235 is a kind of endotoxins derived from E. coli K-235 .
Lipopolysaccharides are lipopolysaccharide endotoxins and TLR-4 activators that activate pathogenicity-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) of the immune system and induce cell secretion of migrasomes. Lipopolysaccharides can be extracted from the outer leaflet of the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria and are composed of an antigenic O-specific chain, a core oligosaccharide, and lipid A. Lipopolysaccharides, from E. coli O111:B4 is a kind of endotoxins derived from E. coli .
Lipopolysaccharides, from S. marcescens, are lipopolysaccharide endotoxins that can activate pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMP) in the immune system and induce the secretion of exosomes by cells. Lipopolysaccharides can be extracted from the outer leaflet of the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria and consist of an O-specific antigen chain, a core oligosaccharide, and lipid A. Lipopolysaccharides, from S. marcescens, induce the activation of NF-κB in mouse cells through Toll-like receptor (TLR4)/MD-2. Lipopolysaccharides from S. marcescens can also induce apoptosis in host immune cellsS. marcescens .
Lipopolysaccharides, from E. coli O55:B5 is an endotoxin extracted from E. coli O55:B5, consisting of an antigen-specific chain, A core oligosaccharide, and lipid A. Lipopolysaccharides, from E. coli O55:B5 activates TLR-4 of immune cells. Lipopolysaccharides, from E. coli O55:B5 can induce the change of body temperature in rats with dose and serotype specificity. Lipopolysaccharides, from E. coli O55:B5 caused a heterogeneous and dose-independent increase in body temperature in rats .
Lipopolysaccharides, from Klebsiella, are lipopolysaccharide endotoxins. Lipopolysaccharides, from Klebsiella pneumoniae, consist of three parts: lipid A, core oligosaccharide, and O-specific antigen or O-side chain. In smooth LPS, the core region is divided into two areas: the inner core near the lipid A and the outer core that provides attachment sites for the O-antigen. In the lipopolysaccharide of Klebsiella pneumoniae, the l,d-HeppII at the O-3 position can be replaced by an α-d-galacturonic acid residue (α-d-GalpA). In most studied Enterobacteriaceae, the core LPS contains inner core phosphorylation modifications, but the core LPS of Klebsiella pneumoniae lacks this modification. The unique core structure plays an important role in the outer membrane permeability and pathogenesis of Klebsiella pneumoniae .
Lipopolysaccharides, from S. enterica serotype typhimurium, are a kind of lipid-polysaccharide endotoxin. Smooth Gram-negative bacteria's lipopolysaccharides are made up of three components: lipid A, core oligosaccharide, and O antigen (OAg). The O antigen is a polymer of sugar repeat units (RUs); the Wzz protein regulates the length of the O antigen in lipopolysaccharides, and the number of RUs attached to lipid A is determined by the modal value set by the Wzz protein. S. enterica typhimurium has two Wzz proteins: WzzST (which makes the modal range of the O antigen between 16 and 35 RUs) and WzzfepE (which makes the modal value over 100 RUs). Mutating the genes corresponding to these two proteins causes the formation of short-chain O antigen chains and significantly reduces bacterial pathogenicity .
A2[3]G1 & A2[6]G1 glycan (G1), 2-AB labeled Lewis sugar. SLeX is a ligand for the cell adhesion molecule E-selectin (E-selectin), which is specifically expressed at sites of inflammatory lesions. Designing SLeX-polysaccharide conjugates to deliver drugs to inflammatory lesions .
Lipopolysaccharides (LPS) are specific endotoxins and one of the major components of the cell wall of Gram-negative bacteria. Lipopolysaccharides consist of three parts: lipid A, core oligosaccharide, and O-specific polysaccharide. Lipopolysaccharides are powerful immune stimulants that can activate the host immune system, particularly by binding to Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) on the surface of immune cells, triggering an inflammatory response. The LPS of most Salmonella serotypes has a complex O-antigen (OAg) structure, with the number of OAg units in the core polysaccharide varying between 16 and over 100 repeats. Mutations in OAg-regulating factors that alter the OAg structure can change the interaction between Salmonella and epithelial cells. Strains with long OAg have increased SPI1-T3SS effector protein translocation and invasion. Strains completely lacking OAg exhibit increased invasiveness and higher adhesiveness. This product is derived from Salmonella enterica serotype Minnesota. Lipopolysaccharides, from S. enterica serotype minnesota, can be used to study host immune system activation and its role in inflammation and immune regulation .
Lipopolysaccharides, from E. coli O127:B8 is a lipopolysaccharide endotoxin from E. coli O127:B8 and TLR-4 activator, Activates disease-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) of the immune system and induces cell secretion of migratory bodies. Lipopolysaccharides, from E. coli O127:B8 consists of an antigen-specific O-chain, A core oligosaccharide, and lipid A. Lipopolysaccharides, from E. coli O127:B8 can induce changes in body temperature in rats and is dose and serotype specific. High dose of Lipopolysaccharides, from E. coli O127:B8 can cause a double change of body temperature in rats, that is, hypothermia followed by fever. In addition, Lipopolysaccharides, from E. coli O127:B8 can induce inflammation and inhibit reproduction, and can significantly increase the mitotic activity of mollusks .
Chitosan oligosaccharide (COS) is an oligomer of β-(1→4)-linked D-glucosamine. Chitosan oligosaccharide (COS) activates AMPK and inhibits inflammatory signaling pathways including NF-κB and MAPK pathways.
N-Acetyllactosamine (LacNAc), a nitrogen-containing disaccharide, is an important component of various oligosaccharides such as glycoproteins and sialyl Lewis X. N-Acetyllactosamine can be used as the starting material for the synthesis of various oligosaccharides. N-Acetyllactosamine has prebiotic effects .
Fructo-oligosaccharide DP10/GF9 belongs to fructooligosaccharides (FOS) with degree of polymerization (DP=10). Fructo-oligosaccharides (FOS) are composed of 9 fructose units linked by (2→1)-β-glycosidic bonds and having a single D-glucosyl unit at the non-reducing end .
Fructo-oligosaccharide DP9/GF8 belongs to fructooligosaccharides (FOS) with degree of polymerization (DP=9). Fructo-oligosaccharides (FOS) are composed of 8 fructose units linked by (2→1)-β-glycosidic bonds and having a single D-glucosyl unit at the non-reducing end .
Fructo-oligosaccharide DP8/GF7 belongs to fructooligosaccharides (FOS) with degree of polymerization (DP=8). Fructo-oligosaccharides (FOS) are composed of 7 fructose units linked by (2→1)-β-glycosidic bonds and having a single D-glucosyl unit at the non-reducing end .
Fructo-oligosaccharide DP7/GF6 belongs to fructooligosaccharides (FOS) with degree of polymerization (DP=7). Fructo-oligosaccharides (FOS) are composed of 6 fructose units linked by (2→1)-β-glycosidic bonds and having a single D-glucosyl unit at the non-reducing end .
Fructo-oligosaccharide DP11/GF10 belongs to fructooligosaccharides (FOS) with degree of polymerization (DP=11). Fructo-oligosaccharides (FOS) are composed of 10 fructose units linked by (2→1)-β-glycosidic bonds and having a single D-glucosyl unit at the non-reducing end .
Fructo-oligosaccharide DP12/GF11 belongs to fructooligosaccharides (FOS) with degree of polymerization (DP=12). Fructo-oligosaccharides (FOS) are composed of 11 fructose units linked by (2→1)-β-glycosidic bonds and having a single D-glucosyl unit at the non-reducing end .
GDP-L-fucose is a nucleotide sugar that is a key substrate for the biosynthesis of fucose oligosaccharides, providing the fucose moiety for the oligosaccharides.The formation of GDP-L-fucose occurs through two pathways, the major ab initio metabolic pathway and the minor remedial metabolic pathway .
GDP-L-fucose disodium is a nucleotide sugar that is a key substrate for the biosynthesis of fucose oligosaccharides. GDP-L-fucose disodium provides the fucose moiety for the oligosaccharides. The formation of GDP-L-fucose disodium occurs through two pathways, the major de novo metabolic pathway and the minor remedial metabolic pathway .
GM1a Ganglioside oligosaccharide is a semisynthetic form of ganglioside GM1. Ganglioside GM1 is the natural receptor for cholera toxin and plays an important role not only in general growth regulation but also in the coupling of hormone-induced responses .
Raffinose (Melitose), a non-digestible short-chain oligosaccharide, is a trisaccharide composed of galactose, glucose, and fructose and can be found in many plants. Raffinose (Melitose) can be hydrolyzed to D-galactose and sucrose by the enzyme α-galactosidase (α-GAL) .
Lacto-N-triose II is a core structural unit of human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs). Lacto-N-triose II owns nutraceutical potentials and can be used in the production of complex HMOs .
Celloheptaose is an oligosaccharide, consisting of seven glucose residues. Celloheptaose is the substrate of Polysaccharide monooxygenases (PMOs), to generate oxidized cellulo-oligosaccharides .
Blood group A pentasaccharide (A-Pentasaccharide), an oligosaccharide in urine, can inhibit the binding of anti-A antibody to blood group A substance .
Maltononaose is a linear oligosaccharide consisting of 9 glucose units linked by alpha-1, 4-glucoside bonds. Maltononaose is used as a substrate to study the subsites affinity of glucoamylase. Maltononaose can be used to determine the activity of amylase and to optimize the process of starch hydrolysis .
6′-Galactosyllactose is the main oligosaccharide that makes up galactose, a component of human milk. 6′-Galactosyllactose can synthesize human milk oligosaccharides and synthetic galactosyllactose with 3′-Galactosyllactose and 4′-Galactosyllactose, and reduce inflammation in human T84, NCM-460 and H4 cells and intestinal tissues .
3-Fucosyllactose (3-Fucosyl-D-lactose) is one of the major fucosylated oligosaccharides found in human breast milk. 3-Fucosyllactose shows prebiotic, immunomodulator, neonatal brain development, and antimicrobial function .
Isoglobotetraose (Globoisotetraose) is the oligosaccharide moiety of human glycosphingolipids. Synthesis process: globotetraose (GalNAcβ1→3Galα1→4Galβ1→4Glc) and isoglobotetraose (GalNAcβ1→3Galα1→3Galβ1→4Glc) .
Blood group A antigen tetraose type 5 (A-Tetrasaccharide) is a tetrasaccharide and a blood group specific oligosaccharide, inhibits the binding of anti-A antibody to blood group A substance. Blood group A antigen tetraose type 5 can be isolated from polar bear milk samples .
Ac4GalNAlk is a weakly alkyne-labeled reagent for metabolic oligosaccharide engineering (MOE) that can be used to detect protein glycosylation. MOE reagents can be activated by cellular biosynthetic machinery into nucleotide sugars, which can be further traced through the introduction of glycoproteins in bioorthogonal chemistry. Ac4GalNAlk promotes nucleotide-sugar biosynthesis and increases bioorthogonal cell surface markers .
6'-Sialyllactose is a sialylated human milk oligosaccharide that can promote the proliferation of bifidobacteria and shaping the gut microbiota. 6'-Sialyllactose also inhibits toll-like receptor 4 signaling and protects against the development of necrotizing enterocolitis .
2'-Fucosyllactose (2'-FL) is an oligosaccharide that could be derived from human milk. 2'-Fucosyllactose regulates the expression of CD14, alleviates colitis and regulates the gut microbiome. 2'-Fucosyllactose stimulates T cells to increase IFN-γ production and decreases IL-6, IL-17, and TNF-α production of cytokines .
Lacto-N-tetraose is the significant core structure of human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs) naturally existing in human milk. Lacto-N-tetraose is consist of galactose, N-acetylglucosamine, and glucose moieties. Lacto-N-tetraose has prebiotic effect, immune regulatory effect, anti-inflammatory effects, intestinal cell responses regulatory effect, antibacterial activity and antiviral activity. Lacto-N-tetraose has been widely added to infant formula .
Tenuifoliose H is an oligosaccharide ester compound derived from Polygala tenuifolia, with potential applications in anti-inflammatory and antioxidant research .
Maltopentaose is the shortest chain oligosaccharide that can be classified as maltodextrin and is also used in a study to investigate glycation and phosphorylation of α-lactalbumin.
Chitopentaose pentahydrochloride is a chitosan oligosaccharide with anti-inflammatory effect. Chitopentaose pentahydrochloride is a substrate of gene encoding chitinase B (FjchiB) .
Isomaltotetraose is one of isomalto-oligosaccharide (IMO), the main hydrolysis end products of DexKQ . Isomaltotetraose can induce dextranase synthesis .
Tenuifoliose B is an oligosaccharide and can be isolated from Polygala tenuifolia. Tenuifoliose B exhibits neuroprotective activity against glutamate and serum deficiency .
Manninotriose is a novel and important player in the RFO(Raffinose family oligosaccharides) metabolism of red dead deadnettle; potential to improve the side effects of MTX for ALL treatment.
Chitohexaose hexahydrochloride is a chitosan oligosaccharide with anti-inflammatory effect. Chitohexaose hexahydrochloride binds to the active sites of TLR4 and inhibits LPS induced inflammation .
Lacto-N-difucohexaose I (LNDFH I), a linker, could be used to combine oligosaccharides containing Lewis b sugar chain to water insoluble polysaccharide .
Azukisaponin VI is an oligosaccharide isolated from Vigna angularis. Azukisaponin VI has the activity of inhibiting the synthesis of lipid peroxides and can be used in the study of hyperlipidemia .
D(+)-Raffinose pentahydrate (D-Raffinose pentahydrate) is a trisaccharide composed of galactose, glucose, and fructose that occurs naturally in a variety of vegetables and grains. D(+)-Raffinose pentahydrate is a functional oligosaccharide.
Chitoheptaose heptahydrochloride is a chitosan oligosaccharide with antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antiapoptotic and cardioprotective activities. Chitoheptaose heptahydrochloride significantly enhances the growth and photosynthesis parameters of wheat seedlings .
Tenuifoliose A is a multi-acylated oligosaccharide compound derived from Polygala tenuifolia with neuroprotective activity. Tenuifoliose A holds promise for research in anti-inflammatory and antioxidant fields .
Isocampneoside I is an acylated phenethyl oligosaccharide that can be isolated from Cistanche deserticola (Orobanchaceae). Isocampneoside I inhibits D-galactose-induced cytotoxicity and protects primary hepatocytes in mice .
Stachyose tetrahydrate, a functional oligosaccharide, acts as a prebiotic. Stachyose tetrahydrate can prevent indirectly colon cancer cell growth by promoting the proliferation of probiotics or producing beneficial materials in the intestine .
Uridine diphosphate glucose is the precursor of glucose-containing oligosaccharides, polysaccharides, glycoproteins, and glycolipids in animal tissues and in some microorganisms. Uridine diphosphate glucose is an agonist of the P2Y14 receptor, a neuroimmune system GPCR 1.
Sibiricose A5 (Standard) is the analytical standard of Sibiricose A5. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Sibiricose A5 is an oligosaccharide ester isolated from Polygalae Radix with potent antioxidant activity .
UDP-xylose is a natural product that could be isolated from Cryptococcus laurentii (NRRL Y-1401). UDP-xylose is a sugar donor for the synthesis of glycoproteins, polysaccharides, various metabolites, and oligosaccharides in plants, vertebrates, and fungi .
Cellooctaose is an oligosaccharide, consisting of eight glucose residues. Cellooctaose is a low-cost polysaccharides in fermentation to hold on Lactococcus lactis recombinant strain growth. Cellooctaose is the substrate of beta-glucosidase (E.C. 3.2.1.21) .
Aldose 1-epimerase (mutarotases) is a key enzyme of carbohydrate metabolism catalysing the interconversion of the α- and β-anomers of hexose sugars such as glucose and galactose. Aldose 1-epimerase is essential for normal carbohydrate metabolism and the production of complex oligosaccharides .
UDP-xylose disodium is a natural product that could be isolated from Cryptococcus laurentii (N RRL Y-1401). UDP-xylose disodium is a sugar donor for the synthesis of glycoproteins, polysaccharides, various metabolites, and oligosaccharides in plants, vertebrates, and fungi ..
Lacto-N-neotetraose (LNnT) is an endogenous metabolite. Lacto-N-neotetraose can inhibit TNF-α induced IL-8 secretion in immature epithelial cells. Lacto-N-neotetraose has anti-inflammatory avtivity, and can improve the wound closure .
Lacto-N-fucopentaose I (LNFPI) is a human milk oligosaccharide (HMO), possessing antiviral and antibacterial activity. Lacto-N-fucopentaose I can reduce capsid protein VP1 to block virus adsorption, promote CDK2 and reduce cyclin E to recover cell cycle S phase block. Lacto-N-fucopentaose I inhibits ROS production and apoptosis in virus-infected cells. Lacto-N-fucopentaose I can also regulate intestinal microbiota to affect immune system development .
Uridine 5’-diphosphoglucose (UDP-glucose) disodium salt, secreted by cardiomyocytes during ischemia and reperfu, is a potent agonist of the proinflammatory P2Y14 receptor. It acts an important role in the regulation of inflammation and neutrophil polarization in neutrophils. Uridine 5’-diphosphoglucose disodium salt is also the precursor of glucose-containing oligosaccharides, polysaccharides, glycoproteins, and glycolipids in animal tissues and in some microorganisms. Uridine 5’-diphosphoglucose disodium salt is promising for research in counteracting myocardial infarction/reperfusion (MIR)-induced inflammation in the heart tissue .
Lipopolysaccharides, from E. coli O55:B5 is an endotoxin extracted from E. coli O55:B5, consisting of an antigen-specific chain, A core oligosaccharide, and lipid A. Lipopolysaccharides, from E. coli O55:B5 activates TLR-4 of immune cells. Lipopolysaccharides, from E. coli O55:B5 can induce the change of body temperature in rats with dose and serotype specificity. Lipopolysaccharides, from E. coli O55:B5 caused a heterogeneous and dose-independent increase in body temperature in rats .
The MAN1A2 protein is crucially involved in the maturation of Asn-linked oligosaccharides, which in turn trims α-1,2-linked mannose residues from Man(9)GlcNAc(2) to generate Man(5)GlcNAc(2). During glycosylation, MAN1A2 plays a key role in the progressive trimming of mannose residues that are essential for generating mature glycan structures. MAN1A2 Protein, Human (HEK293, His) is the recombinant human-derived MAN1A2 protein, expressed by HEK293 , with N-His labeled tag. The total length of MAN1A2 Protein, Human (HEK293, His) is 584 a.a., with molecular weight of ~69 KDa.
MAN1B1, integral to glycoprotein quality control, trims a single alpha-1,2-linked mannose from Man(9)GlcNAc(2), producing Man(8)GlcNAc(2). In the ERQC, elevated enzyme concentrations allow further trimming to Man(5-6)GlcNAc(2). This enzymatic function is crucial for glycoprotein processing and quality control in the endoplasmic reticulum, ensuring proper folding and maturation. MAN1B1 Protein, Human (HEK293, His) is the recombinant human-derived MAN1B1 protein, expressed by HEK293 , with C-6*His labeled tag. The total length of MAN1B1 Protein, Human (HEK293, His) is 594 a.a., with molecular weight of 58-80 kDa.
OBFC1 Protein, Human (His) is the recombinant human-derived OBFC1 protein, expressed by E. coli , with N-6*His labeled tag. The total length of OBFC1 Protein, Human (His) is 368 a.a., with molecular weight of ~44.0 kDa.
The MGAT2 protein plays an important role in protein N-glycosylation, catalyzing the transfer of GlcNAc to the free terminal mannose in nascent N-linked glycan chains. This forms a second branch of the complex glycan and is critical for glycoprotein maturation and functional diversity. MGAT2 Protein, Human (HEK293, His) is the recombinant human-derived MGAT2 protein, expressed by HEK293 , with C-6*His labeled tag. The total length of MGAT2 Protein, Human (HEK293, His) is 418 a.a., with molecular weight of ~50.0 kDa.
Uridine 5′-diphosphoglucose- 13C6 (disodium) is the 13C labeled Uridine 5′-diphosphoglucose disodium salt[1]. Uridine 5′-diphosphoglucose disodium salt (UDP-D-Glucose disodium salt) is the precursor of glucose-containing oligosaccharides, polysaccharides, glycoproteins, and glycolipids in animal tissues and in some microorganisms. Uridine-5′-diphosphoglucose is an agonist of the P2Y14 receptor, a neuroimmune system GPCR[2].
Uridine 5′-diphosphoglucose- 13C (disodium) is the 13C labeled Uridine 5′-diphosphoglucose disodium salt. Uridine 5′-diphosphoglucose disodium salt (UDP-D-Glucose disodium salt) is the precursor of glucose-containing oligosaccharides, polysaccharides, glycop
Ac4GalNAlk is a weakly alkyne-labeled reagent for metabolic oligosaccharide engineering (MOE) that can be used to detect protein glycosylation. MOE reagents can be activated by cellular biosynthetic machinery into nucleotide sugars, which can be further traced through the introduction of glycoproteins in bioorthogonal chemistry. Ac4GalNAlk promotes nucleotide-sugar biosynthesis and increases bioorthogonal cell surface markers .
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