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Z16078526 induces endogenous Ucp1 expression, promotes p38 MAPK phosphorylation and lipolysis in primary mouse brown adipocytes. Z16078526 activates thermogenic gene expression and mitochondrial activity (uncoupled respiration) in mouse brown adipocytes. Z16078526 also stimulates thermogenesis in the mouse .
Kudinoside D is a main natural component of triterpenoid saponin derived from Ilex kudingcha. Kudinoside D suppresses adipogenesis through modulation of the AMPK pathway in 3T3-L1 adipocytes .
Sinigrin is a major glucosinolate present in plants of the Brassicaceae family. Sinigrin inhibits early-stage adipogenesis of 3T3-L1 adipocytes through the AMPK and MAPK signaling pathways. Sinigrin has potent anti-oxidant, anti-tumor and anti-inflammatory effects .
Tagitinin A is a sesquiterpene with anti-hyperglycemic activity. Tagitinin A significantly inhibits glucose uptake in differentiated 3T3-L1 adipocytes .
Ac-SVVVRT-NH2 is a PGC-1α modulator that modulates the activity of the human PGC-1α promoter (114%). Ac-SVVVRT-NH2 increases PGC-1α mRNA (125%) and accumulation of intracellular lipids (128%) in subcutaneous human adipocytes. Ac-SVVVRT-NH2 can be used in the research of diseases which is modulated by PGC-1α .
22:6 Coenzyme A (Docosahexaenoyl coenzyme A triammonium) is a coenzyme that contains 22 carbon atoms and 6 unsaturated bonds. 22:6 Coenzyme A can serve as an acyl substrate and is used in research on the effects of lysophospholipid acyltransferase activities in adipocyte differentiation .
IQZ23 inhibits adipocyte differentiation via AMPK pathway activation. IQZ23 exerts a high efficacy in decreasing the triglyceride level (EC50=0.033 μM) in 3T3-L1 adipocytes. IQZ23 could be used for the research of obesity and related metabolic disorders .
Deacetylforskolin is a deacetylated derivative of forskolin (HY-15371) that can be extracted from C. forskohlii. Deacetylforskolin activates rat adipocyte adenylyl cyclase (IC50 = 20 µM), inhibits glucose transport in rat adipocyte plasma membranes and exhibits antihypertensive activity .
Sinigrin (Standard) is the analytical standard of Sinigrin. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Sinigrin is a major glucosinolate present in plants of the Brassicaceae family. Sinigrin inhibits early-stage adipogenesis of 3T3-L1 adipocytes through the AMPK and MAPK signaling pathways. Sinigrin has potent anti-oxidant, anti-tumor and anti-inflammatory effects .
Kihadanin B is a citrus limonoid that can be purified from the peels of immature Citrus unshiu. Kihadanin B suppresses adipogenesis through repression of the Akt-FOXO1-PPARγ axis in 3T3-L1 adipocytes .
Ganoapplanoid F, a highly oxygenated lanostane triterpenoid from Ganoderma applanatum, inhibits lipid accumulation in adipocytes. Ganoapplanoid F can be used for the research of obesity .
4β-Hydroxywithanolide E, isolated from Physalis peruviana L., inhibits adipocyte differentiation of 3T3-L1 cells through modulation of mitotic clonal expansion. 4β-Hydroxywithanolide E is an adipogenesis inhibitor and inhibits PPARγ, C/EBPα, and the adipocyte-specific molecule aP2 mRNA expression .
γ-Glutamylvaline is an activator of CaSR with anti-inflammatory activity. γ-Glutamylvaline inhibits TNF-α-induced proinflammatory cytokine production and increases Wnt5a expression. γ-Glutamylvaline activates calcium-sensing receptor pathways in adipocytes of 3T3-L1 mice and prevents low-grade chronic inflammation .
CL316243 free acid is a highly potent selective β3-adrenoceptor agonist with a EC50 of 3 nM, but is an extremely poor to β1/2- receptors. CL316243 free acid is a effective stimulant of adipocyte lipolysis and increases brown adipose tissue thermogenesis and metabolic rate. CL316243 free acid has the potential for the treatment obesity, diabetes and urge urinary incontinence .
Chemerin-9, mouse (Chemerin148-156, mouse) is a C-terminal nonapeptide of chemerin. Chemerin-9, mouse is a ligand for ChemR23 (EC50 = 42 nM). Chemerin-9, mouse reduces basal lipolysis in primary mouse white adipocytes(IC50 = 3.3 nM). Chemerin-9, mouse enhances memory and relieves Aβ1-42-induced memory impairment in AD mice. Chemerin-9, mouse also inhibits atherogenesis .
C16 1-Deoxyceramide (m18:1/16:0) (C16:0 1-Deoxyceramide) is a lipid molecule, which is composed of a long-chain fatty acid (16:0) and a 1-deoxysphingoid backbone. Deoxyceramide accumulates under the conditions of obesity and type 2 diabetes (T2D). Deoxyceramide is unable to be further metabolized to more complex sphingolipid, and is toxic when accumulates in the body. Deoxyceramide increases in differentiated adipocytes in vitro .
AST 7062601 (AST070) is a Ucp1 inducer that strongly induces endogenous Ucp1 expression in primary mouse brown adipocytes. Ucp1 refers to uncoupling protein, found in brown and beige fat cells. In mammals, UCP1 oxidizes fatty acids and uncouples ATP production in mitochondria to promote energy dissipation as heat. AST 7062601 can be used to study thermogenic, uncoupled respiration .
C24:1 Dihydro 1-deoxyceramide (m18:0/24:1) (C24:1 Deoxy dihydroceramide) is a lipid molecule, which is composed of a long-chain fatty acid (24:1) and a 1-deoxysphingoid backbone. Deoxyceramide accumulates under the conditions of obesity and type 2 diabetes (T2D). Deoxyceramide is unable to be further metabolized to more complex sphingolipid, and is toxic when accumulates in the body. Deoxyceramide increases in differentiated adipocytes in vitro .
C24:1 1-Deoxyceramide (m18:1/24:1(15Z)) (C24:1(15Z) 1-Deoxyceramide) is a lipid molecule, which is composed of a long-chain fatty acid (24:1) and a 1-deoxysphingoid backbone. Deoxyceramide accumulates under the conditions of obesity and type 2 diabetes (T2D). Deoxyceramide is unable to be further metabolized to more complex sphingolipid, and is toxic when accumulates in the body. Deoxyceramide increases in differentiated adipocytes in vitro .
GPR81 agonist 1 is a potent and highly selective GPR81 agonist, with EC50s of 58 nM and 50 nM for human and mouse GPR81, respectively. GPR81 agonist 1 inhibits lipolysis in differentiated 3T3-L1 adipocytes. GPR81 agonist 1 suppresses lipolysis in mice without cutaneous flushing. GPR81 agonist 1 displays remarkable selectivity for GPR81 over GPR109a .
FK614 is an orally active, non-thiazolidinedione (TZD) type, and selective PPARγ modulator (SPPARM). FK614 functions as a PPARγ agonist with potent anti-diabetic activity in vivo. FK614 has different effects on the activation of PPARγ at each stage of adipocyte differentiation. FK614 can be used for the research of hyperglycemia, hypertriglyceridemia, glucose intolerance and type 2 diabetes .
L-748328 is a potent and selective human β3-adrenergic receptor antagonist. L-748328 has a Ki of 3.7 nM against human cloned β3-AR expressed in Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells. In addition, L-748328 inhibits the lipolytic response induced by the β3-AR agonist L-742791 in isolated non-human primate adipocytes .
Vitisin A has antioxidative, anticancer, antiapoptotic, neuroprotective and anti-inflammatory effects. Vitisin A inhibits LPS-induced NO and iNOS production via down-regulation of ERK1/2 and p38 and the NF-κB signal pathway. Vitisin A also inhibits adipocyte differentiation. Vitisin A is a resveratrol tetramer that can be isolated from Vitis vinifera roots .
(E)-Naringenin chalcone is an orally active anti-allergic agent. (E)-Naringenin chalcone also has antioxidant, anti-inflammatory activities. (E)-Naringenin chalcone can improve adipocyte functions. (E)-Naringenin chalcone inhibits histamine release from rat peritoneal mast cell .
GS-9667 (CVT 3619), a novel N 6-5'-substituted adenosine analog, is a selective, partial agonist of the A1 adenosine receptor (A1AdoR). GS-9667 binds to adipocyte membranes with high (KH=14 nM) and low (KL=5.4 μM) affinities. GS-9667 reduces cyclic AMP content and release of nonesterified fatty acids from epididymal adipocytes with IC50 values of 6 nM and 44 nM, respectively. GS-9667 inhibits lipolysis and has the potential for Type 2 diabetes (T2DM) and dyslipidemia via lowering of free fatty acids (FFA) .
Galegine hydrochloride, a guanidine derivative, contributes to weight loss in mice. Guanidine hydrochloride is the compound derived from G. officinalis, which gave rise to the biguanides, metformin and phenformin. Galegine hydrochloride activates AMPK in 3T3-L1 adipocytes and L6 myotubes, as well as in the H4IIE rat hepatoma and HEK293 human kidney cell lines. Galegine hydrochloride has antibacterial activity, with minimum inhibitory concentration of 4 mg/L against Staphylococcus aureus strains .
SSAO/VAP-1 inhibitor 1 is a potent inhibitor of SSAO/VAP-1. SSAO/VAP-1 promotes the transfer of Glucose transport 4 (GLUT 4) from adipocytes to the cell membrane, thereby regulating glucose transport. In endothelial cells, SSAO/VAP-1 can mediate the adhesion and exudation of leukocytes and endothelial cells, and participate in inflammatory responses. SSAO/VAP-1 inhibitor 1 has the potential for the research of inflammation and/or inflammation-related disease or diabetes and/or diabetes-related disease (extracted from patent WO2021102774A1, compound E3) .
AZ1729 is a potent free fatty acid 2 receptor (FFA2) activator, acting as a direct allosteric agonist and as a positive allosteric modulator. AZ1729 increases the activity of the endogenously produced short chain fatty acid propionate in Gi-mediated pathways, but not at those transduced by Gq/G11. AZ1729 induces inhibition of isoproterenol-induced lipolysis in mouse adipocytes. AZ1729 also can Induce migration of human neutrophils. AZ1729 can be used for researching the signaling pathways of the physiological roles of FFA2 .
Chemerin-9 (149-157) is a potent agonist of chemokine-like receptor 1 (CMKLR1) . Chemerin-9 (149-157) has anti-inflammatory activity. Chemerin-9 (149-157) stimulates phosphorylation of Akt and ERK as well as ROS production. Chemerin-9 (149-157) ameliorates Aβ1-42-induced memory impairmen. Chemerin-9 (149-157) regulates immune responses, adipocyte differentiation, and glucose metabolism .
SMCy5.5 is an SMCy dye used for lipid droplet labeling with a very high two-photon absorption cross-section. SMCy, unlike the well-known lipid droplet marker Nile Red, has narrow absorption and emission bands in visible light, allowing for multicolor imaging. SMCy is shown to be compatible with fixation, producing high-quality 3D images of lipid droplets in cells and tissues. The high brightness of SMCy5.5 enables efficient tracking and imaging of lipid droplet exchange between adipocytes .
Taurine-d4 is the deuterium labeled Taurine. Taurine, a sulphur-containing amino acid and an organic osmolyte involved in cell volume regulation, provides a substrate for the formation of bile salts, and plays a role in the modulation of intracellular free calcium concentration. Taurine has the ability to activate autophagy in adipocytes[1][2][3].
Taurine- 13C2 is the 13C-labeled Taurine. Taurine, a sulphur-containing amino acid and an organic osmolyte involved in cell volume regulation, provides a substrate for the formation of bile salts, and plays a role in the modulation of intracellular free calcium concentration. Taurine has the ability to activate autophagy in adipocytes[1][2][3].
Taurine- 13C2, 15N is the 13C- and 15N- labeled Taurine. Taurine, a sulphur-containing amino acid and an organic osmolyte involved in cell volume regulation, provides a substrate for the formation of bile salts, and plays a role in the modulation of intracellular free calcium concentration. Taurine has the ability to activate autophagy in adipocytes[1][2][3].
Metadoxine blocks adipocyte differentiation in association with inhibition of the protein kinase A-cAMP response element binding protein (PKA-CREB) pathway.
Periplogenin is a naturally occurring furanocoumarin found in Angelica dahurica roots, with potent anti-psoriatic effects. Periplogenin induces adipocyte differentiation .
Sulfosuccinimidyl myristate sodium is an inhibitor of fatty acid transport. Sulfosuccinimidyl myristate sodium effectively inhibits [14C]stearate uptake in isolated rat adipocytes .
(p-Hydroxybenzyl)malonic acid is a hydroxyphenyl derivative capable of inhibiting insulin-induced lipogenesis in rat adipocytes with an IC50 value of 3.8 μM .
RB394 is a potent dual sEH/PPARγ modulator isoform that promotes adipocyte browning and exhibits cardioprotective activity, and can be used to suppress metabolic syndrome.
WWL229 is a selective inhibitor of carboxylesterase 3 (Ces3) with an IC50 of 1.94 µM. WWL229 promotes lipid storage in cultured adipocytes and prevents basal lipolysis .
18:2 (n6) Coenzyme A triammonium is a Coenzyme A. 18:2 (n6) Coenzyme A triammonium can be used to determine the effects of lysophospholipid acyltransferase activities in adipocyte differentiation .
BML-260 is a potent inhibitor of dual-specific phosphatases JSP-1 and DUSP22. BML-260 can activate UCP1 and thermogenesis in adipocytes in a JSP-1-independent manner. The effect of BML-260 on adipocytes is partially achieved through the activation of CREB, STAT3, and PPAR signaling pathways. BML-260 can be used in the research of inflammatory and proliferative disorders associated with JNK signaling dysfunction as well as obesity .
Beloranib is a fumagillin-class methionine aminopetidase-2 (MetAP2) inhibitor. Beloranib decreases food intake, body weight, fat mass, and the size of adipocytes .
L-165041 is a cell permeable PPARδ agonist, with Kis of 6 nM and appr 730 nM for PPARδ and PPARγ, respectively, and induces adipocyte differentiation in NIH-PPARδ cells.
4'-Methoxychalcone regulates adipocyte differentiation through PPARγ activation. 4'-Methoxychalcone modulates the expression and secretion of various adipokines in adipose tissue that are involved in insulin sensitivity .
Oleic acid triethanolamine (9-cis-Octadecenoic acid triethanolamine) is the most common monounsaturated fatty acid found in human adipocytes and other tissues. Oleic acid triethanolamine is a Na +/K + ATPase activator .
N-Oleoyl glycine is a lipoamino acid, which stimulates adipogenesis associated with activation of CB1 receptor and Akt signaling pathway in 3T3-L1 adipocyte.
Broussonin B is a phenolic compound isolated from the stem barks of Broussonetia kanzinoki (Moraceae). Broussonin B inhibits adipocyte differentiation in 3T3-L1 cells .
Apo-12'-lycopenal is a Lycopene (HY-N0287) metabolite. Apo-12'-lycopenal promotes adipocyte differentiation and adiponectin secretion via PPAR-γ activation .
Soyasaponin Ab is a soyasaponin that exerts an anti-obesity effect in 3T3-L1 adipocytes through downregulation of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ) .
Soyasaponin Aa is a soyasaponin that exerts an anti-obesity effect in 3T3-L1 adipocytes through downregulation of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ) .
S32826 is a potent autotaxin inhibitor, with an IC50 of 8.8 nM. S32826 shows similar inhibitory effects at various autotaxin isoforms (α, β and γ). S32826 inhibits LPA release from adipocytes .
Adenosine N1-oxide is an oral active anti-inflammatory agent, and can be isolated from royal jelly. Adenosine N1-oxide promotes osteogenic and adipocyte differentiation .
YM440 is an orally active oxadiazolidinedione analog. YM440 ameliorates hyperglycemia without changing PPARy activity, adipocyte differentiation, or fat weight. YM440 is used in the study for non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) .
4-Cumylphenol is a polycarbonate chain terminator. 4-Cumylphenol is widely used as a material for polycarbonate plastics, surfactants, fungicides and preservatives. 4-Cumylphenol also induces lipid accumulation in mouse adipocytes .
a-FABP-IN-1 (Compound 5g) is a potent and selective human adipocyte fatty acid-binding protein (a-FABP) inhibitor with a Ki below 1.0 nM. a-FABP-IN-1 inhibits the pro-inflammatory cytokine production .
Taurine, a sulphur-containing amino acid and an organic osmolyte involved in cell volume regulation, provides a substrate for the formation of bile salts, and plays a role in the modulation of intracellular free calcium concentration. Taurine has the ability to activate autophagy in adipocytes .
S32826 disodium is a potent autotaxin inhibitor, with an IC50 of 8.8 nM. S32826 disodium shows similar inhibitory effects at various autotaxin isoforms (α, β and γ). S32826 disodium inhibits LPA release from adipocytes .
3-Dehydrotrametenolic acid, isolated from the sclerotium of Poria cocos, is a lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) inhibitor. 3-Dehydrotrametenolic acid promotes adipocyte differentiation in vitro and acts as an insulin sensitizer in vivo. 3-Dehydrotrametenolic acid induces apoptosis and has anticancer activity .
Vitamin U (S-Methylmethionine sulfonium) chloride is an orally active anti-ulcer agent with antioxidant activity. Vitamin U inhibits adipocyte differentiation. Vitamin U promotes skin wound healing.Vitamin U can be used in the research of gastrointestinal ulceration .
BpV(pic) potassium hydrate is a PTEN inhibitor with IC50 31 nM. BpV(pic) potassium hydrate is also an insulin simulator that activates insulin receptor kinase in cultured liver cancer cells, stimulates adipogenesis in adipocytes, and inhibits the dephosphorylation of autophosphorylated insulin receptors and epidermal growth factor receptors in rat hepatosomes .
Soyasaponin Aa (Standard) is the analytical standard of Soyasaponin Aa. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Soyasaponin Aa is a soyasaponin that exerts an anti-obesity effect in 3T3-L1 adipocytes through downregulation of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ) .
Soyasaponin Aa (Standard) is the analytical standard of Soyasaponin Aa. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Soyasaponin Aa is a soyasaponin that exerts an anti-obesity effect in 3T3-L1 adipocytes through downregulation of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ) .
Pyruvate carboxylase is a biotin-containing enzyme that catalyzes the HCO3 − and MgATP dependent carboxylation of pyruvate to form oxaloacetate. Pyruvate carboxylase plays an essential role in controlling whole-body energetics through regulation of gluconeogenesis in the liver, synthesis of fatty acids in adipocytes, and insulin secretion in pancreatic β cells .
(S)-AZD6482 ((S)-KIN-193) is a highly effective and selective ATP-competitive inhibitor of PI3Kβ, exhibiting an IC(50) of 0.01 μM, and it can reduce insulin-induced glucose uptake by human adipocytes in vitro with an IC(50) of 4.4 μM.
Taurine (Standard) is the analytical standard of Taurine. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Taurine, a sulphur-containing amino acid and an organic osmolyte involved in cell volume regulation, provides a substrate for the formation of bile salts, and plays a role in the modulation of intracellular free calcium concentration. Taurine has the ability to activate autophagy in adipocytes .
Taurine (Standard) is the analytical standard of Taurine. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Taurine, a sulphur-containing amino acid and an organic osmolyte involved in cell volume regulation, provides a substrate for the formation of bile salts, and plays a role in the modulation of intracellular free calcium concentration. Taurine has the ability to activate autophagy in adipocytes .
TPH1-IN-1 (compound 40) is a xanthine derivative and an inhibitor of tryptophan hydroxylase TPH1 (IC50: 110.1 nM). TPH1-IN-1 has good in vitro activity and liver microsome stability, and effectively inhibits adipocyte differentiation of T3-L1 cells .
Zaluzanin C is a sesquiterpene lactone. Zaluzanin C has anti-inflammatory activity and can inhibit the production of mtROS, block the NF-κB signaling pathway, and reduce the production of TNF-α. In addition, Zaluzanin C can inhibit the differentiation of 3T3-L1 preadipocytes into mature adipocytes .
COH-SR4 is an AMPK activator. COH-SR4 shows potent anti-proliferative activities against leukemia, melanoma, breast and lung cancers. COH-SR4 inhibits adipocyte differentiation via AMPK activation. COH-SR4 can be used for the research of obesity and related metabolic disorders .
Beloranib (ZGN-440; ZGN-433) hemioxalate is a fumagillin-class methionine aminopetidase-2 (MetAP2) inhibitor. Beloranib hemioxalate decreases food intake, body weight, fat mass, and the size of adipocytes. Beloranib hemioxalate plays an important role in anti-obesity activity or obesity research .
Bisindolylmaleimide I (GF109203X) hydrochloride is a cell-permeable and reversible PKC inhibitor (IC50 of 20 nM, 17 nM, 16 nM, and 20 nM for PKCα, PKCβI, PKCβII, and PKCγ. Bisindolylmaleimide I hydrochloride is also a GSK-3 inhibitor .
Pyropheophorbide-a (Ppa) is a photosensitizer used in photodynamic therapy (PDT) for tumors. Pyropheophorbide-a exhibits phototoxic effects on tumor cells, such as cervical cancer cells, and also has anti-lipogenesis activity. Pyropheophorbide-a shows potential for research in the fields of cancer and age-related macular degeneration (AMD). Pyropheophorbide-a derivatives also demonstrate inhibitory activity against tumor cells .
Bisindolylmaleimide I (GF109203X) is a cell-permeable and reversible PKC inhibitor (IC50 of 20 nM, 17 nM, 16 nM, and 20 nM for PKCα, PKCβI, PKCβII, and PKCγ. Bisindolylmaleimide I is also a GSK-3 inhibitor .
(E)-Methyl 3,4,5-trimethoxycinnamate is a bioactive natural phenylpropanoid. (E)-Methyl 3,4,5-trimethoxycinnamate suppresses inflammation in RAW264.7 macrophages and blocks macrophage-adipocyte interaction. (E)-Methyl 3,4,5-trimethoxycinnamate also has antiarrhythmic effect, leads to suppression of triggered activities in rabbit myocytes .
Tafluprost (AFP-168) is an anti-glaucoma prostaglandin (PG) analog. Tafluprost can inhibit the apoptosis of retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) and rat RGCs cells. Tafluprost promotes axon regeneration by regulating Zn 2+-mTORpathway, inhibits intracellular lipid accumulation in human preorbital adipocytes. Tafluprost can be used in the study of optic nerve injury in glaucoma .
Corylin is an orally active flavonoid anti-inflammatory and osteogenic agent that inhibits IL-6-induced STAT3 promoter activity and STAT3 phosphorylation. Corylin also has anticancer, antiatherosclerotic, and ameliorating activity in hyperlipidemia and insulin resistance, inducing adipocyte browning and lipolysis through SIRT1 or β3-AR-dependent pathways .
Sanggenon F is a flavonoid compound derived from Morus alba var. multicaulis. It inhibits the differentiation of 3T3-L1 adipocytes and the production of nitric oxide (NO) in RAW264.7 cells induced by lipopolysaccharides (HY-D1056) and IFN-γ (IC50 of 19 nM). Sanggenon F has potential application value in the fields of anti-inflammatory and metabolic diseases .
Lipoamide ((±)-α-Lipoamide) is a monocarboxylic acid derivative of a neutral amide, formed by the condensation of the carboxyl group of lipoic acid and ammonia. Lipoamide protects against oxidative stress-mediated neuronal cell damage and also acts as a coenzyme to transfer acetyl groups and hydrogen during pyruvate deacylation. Lipoamide also stimulates mitochondrial biogenesis in adipocytes through the endothelial NO synthase-cGMP-protein kinase G signaling pathway .
CL316243 is a highly potent selective β3-adrenoceptor agonist with a EC50 of 3 nM, but is an extremely poor to β1/2- receptors .CL316243 is a effective stimulant of adipocyte lipolysis and increases brown adipose tissue thermogenesis and metabolic rate . CL316243 has the potential for the treatment obesity, diabetes and urge urinary incontinence .
Myricetin-3-O-β-D-xylopyranosyl-(1→2)-β-D-glucopyranoside is a natural product that can be obtained from sphaerophysa salsula. Myricetin-3-O-β-D-xylopyranosyl-(1→2)-β-D-glucopyranoside inhibits triglyceride (TG) accumulation in 3T3-L1 adipocytes .
(10E,12Z)-Octadeca-10,12-dienoic acidactivates PPAR α and inhibits adipocyte differentiation . (10E,12Z)-Octadeca-10,12-dienoic acid and its downstream metabolites have various antioxidant and antitumor activities. (10E,12Z)-Octadeca-10,12-dienoic acid is effective orally .
CXM102 is an autophagy activator. CXM102 can induce autophagy in aged BMSCs, leading to the rejuvenation of BMSCs and preferential differentiation into osteoblasts. CXM102 promotes the nuclear translocation of transcription factor EB (TFEB) and the formation of osteoblasts. CXM102 can stimulate bone synthesis metabolism in middle-aged male mice, reduce bone marrow adipocytes, delay bone loss, lower serum inflammation levels, decrease organ fibrosis, and extend the lifespan of the mice .
Wnt/β-catenin activator 1 (Compound 5m) is the orally active activator for Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway, that arrests cell cycle at G1 phase, inhibits early proliferation of adipocytes, and inhibits adipogenesis in cell 3T3-L1 with an IC50 of 330 nM. Wnt/β-catenin activator 1 exhibits anti-adipogenic and anti-dyslipidemic activities in high-fat diet fed Syrian golden hamster model .
SR-4995 (CID 16016685) is a highly effective and selective ligand for α-β-hydrolase domain-containing 5 (ABHD5), facilitating the activation of adipose triglyceride lipase (ATGL) by displacing ABHD5 from its inhibitory regulators, perilipin-1 (PLIN1) and PLIN5. It directly interacts with ABHD5, inhibiting its association with PLIN1, and promotes lipolysis in adipocytes and muscle tissues while circumventing PKA-dependent signaling pathways.
JTT-654 is an orally active, potent and selective11β-Hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1 (11β-HSD1) inhibitor. The IC50 of JTT-654 for 11β-HSD1 is 4.65, 0.97, and 0.74 nM in human, rat, and mouse recombinant enzymes, respectively. JTT-654 showed competitive inhibition against human recombinant enzyme. The IC50 value for human 11β-HSD2 is > 30 μM (human 11β-HSD2 is responsible for the reverse reaction against human 11β-HSD1). JTT-654 ameliorates insulin resistance and non-obese type 2 diabetes by inhibiting adipose tissue and liver 11β-HSD1 .
Equisetin is an N-methylserine-derived acyl tetramic acid, quorum sensing inhibitor (QSI), herbicides and antibiotics. Equisetin specifically inhibits the anionic carriers of substrates in the inner mitochondrial membrane. Equisetin inhibits the activity of HIV-1 integrase, 11β-HSD1, and 2,4-dinitrophenol (Dnp)-stimulated ATPase (IC50 = ~8 nmol per mg of protein). Equisetin exhibits growth inhibition of bacteria, anti-inflammatory, amelioration of lipid-associated disorders, and cytotoxic effects .
Rhamnose (L-Rhamnose) is an orally active deoxysugar that is widely found in plants and bacteria. Rhamnose can inhibit levels of pro-inflammatory interleukin and matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) in skin aging models, showing anti-aging effects. Rhamnose can promote the phosphorylation levels of PKA substrates and HSL in SVF-derived adipocytes, stimulating PKA signaling. Rhamnose can act against obesity in mice by stimulating fat dopamine receptors and inducing thermogenesis. Rhamnose is also used in cancer research .
Tafluprost (Standard) is the analytical standard of Tafluprost. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Tafluprost (AFP-168) is an anti-glaucoma prostaglandin (PG) analog. Tafluprost can inhibit the apoptosis of retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) and rat RGCs cells. Tafluprost promotes axon regeneration by regulating Zn2+-mTORpathway, inhibits intracellular lipid accumulation in human preorbital adipocytes. Tafluprost can be used in the study of optic nerve injury in glaucoma [4] .
BMS-309403 sodium is a potent, orally active, and selective adipocyte fatty acid binding protein (also known as FABP4, aP2) inhibitor, with Kis of <2, 250, and 350 nM for FABP4, FABP3, and FABP5, respectively. BMS-309403 sodium interacts with the fatty-acid-binding pocket within the interior of the protein and competitively inhibits the binding of endogenous fatty acids. BMS-309403 sodium improves endothelial function in apolipoprotein E-deficient mice and in cultured human endothelial cells .
BMS-309403 is a potent, orally active and selective adipocyte fatty acid binding protein (also known as FABP4, aP2) inhibitor with Kis of <2, 250, and 350 nM for FABP4, FABP3, and FABP5, respectively. BMS-309403 interacts with the fatty-acid-binding pocket within the interior of the protein and competitively inhibits the binding of endogenous fatty acids. BMS-309403 improves endothelial function in apolipoprotein E-deficient mice and in cultured human endothelial cells .
3-Aminoisobutyric acid (β-Aminoisobutyric acid) sodium salt has anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects. 3-Aminoisobutyric acid sodium salt increases the expression of brown adipocyte-specific genes in white adipose tissue and fatty acid β-oxidation in hepatocytes. 3-Aminoisobutyric acid sodium salt attenuates insulin resistance and inflammation induced by palmitate or a high fat diet via an AMPK–PPARδ-dependent pathway in mice. 3-Aminoisobutyric acid sodium salt is a catabolic metabolite of thymine and valine in skeletal muscle .
3-Aminoisobutyric acid (β-Aminoisobutyric acid) has anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects. 3-Aminoisobutyric acid increases the expression of brown adipocyte-specific genes in white adipose tissue and fatty acid β-oxidation in hepatocytes. 3-Aminoisobutyric acid attenuates insulin resistance and inflammation induced by palmitate or a high fat diet via an AMPK–PPARδ-dependent pathway in mice. 3-Aminoisobutyric acid is a catabolic metabolite of thymine and valine in skeletal muscle .
Corylin (Standard) is the analytical standard of Corylin. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Corylin is an orally active flavonoid anti-inflammatory and osteogenic agent that inhibits IL-6-induced STAT3 promoter activity and STAT3 phosphorylation. Corylin also has anticancer, antiatherosclerotic, and ameliorating activity in hyperlipidemia and insulin resistance, inducing adipocyte browning and lipolysis through SIRT1 or β3-AR-dependent pathways .
Spexin TFA is a potent galanin receptor 2/3 (GAL2/GAL3) agonist (EC50 values are 45.7 and 112.2 nM, respectively). Spexin TFA exhibits no significant activity at galanin receptor 1. Spexin TFA is an endogenous satiety-inducing peptide; Spexin TFA inhibits long chain fatty acid uptake by adipocytes and decreases food consumption in diet-induced obese mice and rats. Spexin TFA attenuates LH secretion in goldfish. Spexin TFA exhibits anxiolytic effects in vivo.
Kazinol B, a prenylated flavan with a dimethyl pyrane ring, is an inhibitor of nitric oxide (NO) production. Kazinol B improves insulin sensitivity by enhancing glucose uptake via the insulin-Akt signaling pathway and AMPK activation. Kazinol B has the potential for diabetes mellitus research .
Tafluprost acid (AFP-172), an active metabolic form of Tafluprost, is a selective prostanoid FP receptor agonist. Tafluprost acid shows a high affinity for human prostanoid FP receptor with Ki and EC50 values of 0.4 nM and 0.53 nM, respectively. Tafluprost acid has 126 times weaker binding affinity for prostanoid EP3 receptor (IC50=67 nM) than for the prostanoid FP receptor. Tafluprost acid can be used in the research of glaucoma .
BVT 2733 is a potent, selective, and orally active non-steroidal 11β-hydroxydehydrogenase 1 (11β-HSD1) inhibitor. BVT 2733 is potently against the mouse enzyme (IC50=96 nM) over the human enzyme (IC50=3341 nM). BVT 2733 has the potential for the study of arthritis and obesity related disease .
Tectoquinone (Standard) is the analytical standard of Tectoquinone. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Tectoquinone (2-Methylanthraquinone) is a SARSCoV-2 main protease inhibitor against COVID-19. Tectoquinone exhibits strong mosquito larvicidal activity with the LC50 values of 3.3 and 5.4 μg/ml against A. aegypti and A. albopictus in 24 h, respectively .
Agrimol B, a polyphenol, is an orally active and potent SIRT1 activator. Agrimol B shows anti-adipogenic and anticancer activity. Agrimol B shows antibacterial activity against plant pathogens. Agrimol B dramatically inhibits 3T3-L1 adipocyte differentiation by reducing PPARγ, C/EBPα, FAS, UCP-1, and apoE expression. The action of Agrimol B on the cancer cells is likely derived from its effect on c-MYC, SKP2 and p27 .
Tibesaikosaponin V (TKV) is a triterpene diglycoside, which can be isolated from the methanol extract of the roots of Bupleurum chinense DC.. Tibesaikosaponin V inhibits lipid accumulation and triacylglycerol content occurred without cytotoxicity to adipocytes. Tibesaikosaponin V suppresses the mRNA expression of nuclear transcription factors, such as peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ) and CCAAT/enhancer binding protein α (C/EBPα). Tibesaikosaponin V inhibits 3T3-L1 preadipocyte differentiation. Tibesaikosaponin V can be used fro research of obesity and its associated metabolic disorders .
L-764406 is a non-thiazolidinedione (TZD)-type PPARg nuclear receptor ligand with high affinity. L-764406 has significant binding ability to PPARg (IC50=70 nM). L-764406 exhibited partial agonist activity and induced expression of the adipocyte-specific gene aP2 in chimeric receptors expressing the PPARg LBD and the corresponding reporter gene, as well as in 3T3-L1 cells. In contrast, L-764406 showed no activity in cells transfected with chimeric receptors containing PPARa or PPARd LBDs .
(±)-Catechin (Standard) is the analytical standard of (±)-Catechin. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. (±)-Catechin (rel-Cianidanol) is the racemate of the green tea polyphenol Catechin. Catechin has anticancer activity and induces apoptosis. (±)-Catechin has two forms, (+)-Catechin and its enantiomer (-)-Catechin. (+)-Catechin inhibits cyclooxygenase-1 (COX-1) with an IC50 of 1.4 μM. (-)-Catechin can effectively promote hBM-MSC adipocyte differentiation and increase adiponectin and PPARγ levels. (±)-Catechin has anti-tumor, anti-obesity, anti-diabetic, anti-cardiovascular, anti-infectious, hepatoprotective and neuroprotective effects .
23-epi-26-Deoxyactein (Standard) is the analytical standard of 23-epi-26-Deoxyactein. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. 23-epi-26-Deoxyactein is a natural and orally active anti-obesity and anti-cancer compound .
3-Hydroxyoctanoic acid is a hydroxylated fatty acid that has been found in the LPS of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and in methyl-branched poly(3-hydroxyalkanoate) (PHA) polymers produced by Pseudomonas oleophores. It is an agonist of the orphan receptor GPR109B, increasing intracellular calcium in human neutrophils endogenously expressing GPR109B. 3-Hydroxycaprylic acid prevents lipolysis in human adipocytes and is upregulated in human plasma in response to a ketogenic diet. Plasma levels of 3-hydroxyoctanoic acid were also increased 3.41-fold in human male runners exhausted on a treadmill and in a mouse model of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) fed a high-glycemic diet.
15-Deoxy-Δ-12,14-prostaglandin J2 (15d-PGJ2) is a cyclopentenone prostaglandin and a metabolite of PGD2. 15-Deoxy-Δ-12,14-prostaglandin J2 is a selective PPARγ (EC50 of 2 µM) and a covalent PPARδ agonist. 15-Deoxy-Δ-12,14-prostaglandin J2 promotes efficient differentiation of C3H10T1/2 fibroblasts to adipocytes with an EC50 of 7 μM .
TC-E 5003 is a selective protein arginine methyltransferase 1 (PRMT1) inhibitor with an IC50 of 1.5 µM against hPRMT1. TC-E 5003 modulates the lipopolysaccharide (LPS) (HY-D1056)-induced AP-1 and NF-κB signaling pathways with anti-inflammatory properties. TC-E 5003 also upregulates the expression of Ucp1 and Fgf21, activates protein kinase A signaling and lipolysis in primary subcutaneous adipocytes from both mouse and humans. TC-E 5003 is promising for research of obesity and associated metabolic disorders, oxidative stress, inflammation and cancers .
Fucoxanthin (Standard) is the analytical standard of Fucoxanthin. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Fucoxanthin (all-trans-Fucoxanthin) is a marine carotenoid and shows anti-obesity, anti-diabetic, anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory and anticancer activities .
Fucoxanthin (all-trans-Fucoxanthin) is a marine carotenoid and shows anti-obesity, anti-diabetic, anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory and anticancer activities .
AMP-579 is an adenosine receptor agonist that primarily targets adenosine A1 and A2A receptors (with Ki values of 1.7 and 4.5 nM for the A1 receptor in rat brain and adipocytes, and a Ki value of 56 nM for the A2A receptor in rat brain). AMP-579 inhibits lipolysis, restores insulin-dependent glucose transport, and reduces heart rate through the activation of A1 receptors, while it induces vasodilation, particularly in coronary arteries, through the activation of A2A receptors (with an IC50 of 0.3 μM in porcine coronary arterial rings). AMP 579 shows potential for application in cardioprotection and the treatment of acute myocardial infarction .
Monosialoganglioside GM3 (bovine) is a monosialoganglioside and an inhibitor of VEGFR2 and Akt. At a concentration of 20 μM, Monosialoganglioside GM3 inhibits angiogenesis and reduces the proliferation and migration of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) by inhibiting VEGFR2 and Akt phosphorylation. Ganglioside GM3 also inhibits ferroptosis, providing protective effects during the formation of abdominal aortic aneurysms. Additionally, Monosialoganglioside GM3 (bovine) acts as an inhibitor of insulin signaling, inducing the dissociation of the insulin receptor (IR)-Caveolin-1 complex from lipid microdomains and causing insulin resistance in adipocytes. Monosialoganglioside GM3 (bovine) can be used in cancer and metabolic disease research .
Ketoprofen (RP-19583) is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agent. Ketoprofen can inhibits the activity of cyclooxygenase with IC50 values of 2 nM (COX-1) and 26 nM (COX-2). which is potential in the research of inflammation, immunology, and metabolic disease such as obesity .
Ketoprofen (lysinate) (Standard) is the analytical standard of Ketoprofen (lysinate). This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Ketoprofen (RP-19583) lysinate is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agent. Ketoprofen lysinate can inhibit the activity of cyclooxygenase with IC50 values of 2 nM (COX-1) and 26 nM (COX-2). which is potential in the research of inflammation, immunology, and metabolic disease such as obesity .
Vasonatrin Peptide (VNP) is a chimera of atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) and C-type natriuretic peptide (CNP). Vasonatrin peptide possesses the venodilating actions of CNP, the natriuretic actions of ANP, and unique arterial vasodilating actions not associated with either ANP or CNP. Vasonatrin Peptide protects the diabetic heart against ischemia-reperfusion injury by inhibiting ER stress via the cGMP-PKG signaling pathway .
Mifobate (Standard) is the analytical standard of Mifobate. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Mifobate (SR-202) is a potent and specific PPARγ antagonist. Mifobate (SR-202) selectively inhibits Thiazolidinedione (TZD)-induced PPARγ transcriptional activity (IC50=140 μM). Mifobate (SR-202) does not affect basal or ligand-stimulated transcriptional activity of PPARα, PPARβ, or the farnesoid X receptor (FXR). Mifobate (SR-202) shows antiobesity and antidiabetic effects .
Ketoprofen (RP-19583) lysinate is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agent. Ketoprofen lysinate can inhibit the activity of cyclooxygenase with IC50 values of 2 nM (COX-1) and 26 nM (COX-2). which is potential in the research of inflammation, immunology, and metabolic disease such as obesity .
Vasonatrin Peptide (VNP) TFA is a chimera of atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) and C-type natriuretic peptide (CNP). Vasonatrin peptide TFA possesses the venodilating actions of CNP, the natriuretic actions of ANP, and unique arterial vasodilating actions not associated with either ANP or CNP. Vasonatrin Peptide TFA protects the diabetic heart against ischemia-reperfusion injury by inhibiting ER stress via the cGMP-PKG signaling pathway .
Mifobate (SR-202) is a potent and specific PPARγ antagonist. Mifobate (SR-202) selectively inhibits Thiazolidinedione (TZD)-induced PPARγ transcriptional activity (IC50=140 μM). Mifobate (SR-202) does not affect basal or ligand-stimulated transcriptional activity of PPARα, PPARβ, or the farnesoid X receptor (FXR). Mifobate (SR-202) shows antiobesity and antidiabetic effects .
(10E,12Z)-Octadeca-10,12-dienoic acid (Standard) is the analytical standard of (10E,12Z)-Octadeca-10,12-dienoic acid. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. (10E,12Z)-Octadeca-10,12-dienoic acidactivates PPAR α and inhibits adipocyte differentiation . (10E,12Z)-Octadeca-10,12-dienoic acid and its downstream metabolites have various antioxidant and antitumor activities. (10E,12Z)-Octadeca-10,12-dienoic acid is effective orally .
Glibenclamide (Standard) is the analytical standard of Glibenclamide. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Glibenclamide (Glyburide) is an orally active ATP-sensitive K + channel (KATP) inhibitor and can be used for the research of diabetes and obesity . Glibenclamide inhibits P-glycoprotein. Glibenclamide directly binds and blocks the SUR1 subunits of KATP and inhibits the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator protein (CFTR) . Glibenclamide interferes with mitochondrial bioenergetics by inducing changes on membrane ion permeability . Glibenclamide can induce autophagy .
Glibenclamide (Glyburide) is an orally active ATP-sensitive K + channel (KATP) inhibitor and can be used for the research of diabetes and obesity . Glibenclamide inhibits P-glycoprotein. Glibenclamide directly binds and blocks the SUR1 subunits of KATP and inhibits the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator protein (CFTR) . Glibenclamide interferes with mitochondrial bioenergetics by inducing changes on membrane ion permeability . Glibenclamide can induce autophagy .
4-Hydroxyisoleucine (Standard) is the analytical standard of 4-Hydroxyisoleucine. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. 4-Hydroxyisoleucine is an orally active amino acid that can be isolated from fenugreek seeds. 4-Hydroxyisoleucine displays insulinotropic and antidiabetic properties .
4-Hydroxyisoleucine is an orally active amino acid that can be isolated from fenugreek seeds. 4-Hydroxyisoleucine displays insulinotropic and antidiabetic properties .
15-Deoxy-Δ-12,14-prostaglandin J2-d4 is the deuterium labeled 15-Deoxy-Δ-12,14-prostaglandin J2. 15-Deoxy-Δ-12,14-prostaglandin J2 (15d-PGJ2) is a cyclopentenone prostaglandin and a metabolite of PGD2. 15-Deoxy-Δ-12,14-prostaglandin J2 is a selective PPARγ (EC50 of 2 µM) and a covalent PPARδ agonist. 15-Deoxy-Δ-12,14-prostaglandin J2 promotes efficient differentiation of C3H10T1/2 fibroblasts to adipocytes with an EC50 of 7 μM[1][2].
15-Deoxy-Δ-12,14-prostaglandin J2 (Standard) is the analytical standard of 15-Deoxy-Δ-12,14-prostaglandin J2. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. 15-Deoxy-Δ-12,14-prostaglandin J2 (15d-PGJ2) is a cyclopentenone prostaglandin and a metabolite of PGD2. 15-Deoxy-Δ-12,14-prostaglandin J2 is a selective PPARγ (EC50 of 2 μM) and a covalent PPARδ agonist. 15-Deoxy-Δ-12,14-prostaglandin J2 promotes efficient differentiation of C3H10T1/2 fibroblasts to adipocytes with an EC50 of 7 μM .
Avicularin is an orally active flavonoid. Avicularin inhibits NF-κB (p65), COX-2 and PPAR-γ activities. Avicularin has anti-inflammatory, anti-infectious anti-allergic, anti-oxidant, hepatoprotective, and anti-tumor activities .
2,4,6-Trihydroxybenzaldehyde is an orally active NF-?B inhibitor. 2,4,6-Trihydroxybenzaldehyde shows anti-tumor activity, anti-cancer cell proliferative activity and anti-obesity activity .
AMG7703 is a selective and allosteric agonists of FFA2 (GPR43), the receptor for short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), acetate, and propionate. AMG7703 can be used to research for in inflammatory and metabolic .
SMCy5.5 is an SMCy dye used for lipid droplet labeling with a very high two-photon absorption cross-section. SMCy, unlike the well-known lipid droplet marker Nile Red, has narrow absorption and emission bands in visible light, allowing for multicolor imaging. SMCy is shown to be compatible with fixation, producing high-quality 3D images of lipid droplets in cells and tissues. The high brightness of SMCy5.5 enables efficient tracking and imaging of lipid droplet exchange between adipocytes .
3-Hydroxyoctanoic acid is a hydroxylated fatty acid that has been found in the LPS of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and in methyl-branched poly(3-hydroxyalkanoate) (PHA) polymers produced by Pseudomonas oleophores. It is an agonist of the orphan receptor GPR109B, increasing intracellular calcium in human neutrophils endogenously expressing GPR109B. 3-Hydroxycaprylic acid prevents lipolysis in human adipocytes and is upregulated in human plasma in response to a ketogenic diet. Plasma levels of 3-hydroxyoctanoic acid were also increased 3.41-fold in human male runners exhausted on a treadmill and in a mouse model of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) fed a high-glycemic diet.
Taurine (Standard) is the analytical standard of Taurine. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Taurine, a sulphur-containing amino acid and an organic osmolyte involved in cell volume regulation, provides a substrate for the formation of bile salts, and plays a role in the modulation of intracellular free calcium concentration. Taurine has the ability to activate autophagy in adipocytes .
Leptin (93-105), human, is the amino acids 93 to 105 fragment of human leptin. Leptin is a 167-residue peptide hormone mainly produced by adipocytes and acts in the central nervous system to primarily coordinate the metabolic adaptations to fasting .
Ac-SVVVRT-NH2 is a PGC-1α modulator that modulates the activity of the human PGC-1α promoter (114%). Ac-SVVVRT-NH2 increases PGC-1α mRNA (125%) and accumulation of intracellular lipids (128%) in subcutaneous human adipocytes. Ac-SVVVRT-NH2 can be used in the research of diseases which is modulated by PGC-1α .
γ-Glutamylvaline is an activator of CaSR with anti-inflammatory activity. γ-Glutamylvaline inhibits TNF-α-induced proinflammatory cytokine production and increases Wnt5a expression. γ-Glutamylvaline activates calcium-sensing receptor pathways in adipocytes of 3T3-L1 mice and prevents low-grade chronic inflammation .
Chemerin-9, mouse (Chemerin148-156, mouse) is a C-terminal nonapeptide of chemerin. Chemerin-9, mouse is a ligand for ChemR23 (EC50 = 42 nM). Chemerin-9, mouse reduces basal lipolysis in primary mouse white adipocytes(IC50 = 3.3 nM). Chemerin-9, mouse enhances memory and relieves Aβ1-42-induced memory impairment in AD mice. Chemerin-9, mouse also inhibits atherogenesis .
Chemerin-9 (149-157) is a potent agonist of chemokine-like receptor 1 (CMKLR1) . Chemerin-9 (149-157) has anti-inflammatory activity. Chemerin-9 (149-157) stimulates phosphorylation of Akt and ERK as well as ROS production. Chemerin-9 (149-157) ameliorates Aβ1-42-induced memory impairmen. Chemerin-9 (149-157) regulates immune responses, adipocyte differentiation, and glucose metabolism .
H-Gly-Leu-Phe-OH (GLF), an immunostimulatory tripeptide derived from α-lactalbumin, inhibits anticancer agent Etoposide-induced alopecia, epidermal thickening, and thinning of the adipocyte layer .
Ternatin (compound 2) is a cyclic heptapeptides that can be isolated from mushroom Coliorus versicolor. Ternatin inhibits fat-accumulation with an IC50 of 0.027 μM in 3T3-L1adipocytes .
Spexin TFA is a potent galanin receptor 2/3 (GAL2/GAL3) agonist (EC50 values are 45.7 and 112.2 nM, respectively). Spexin TFA exhibits no significant activity at galanin receptor 1. Spexin TFA is an endogenous satiety-inducing peptide; Spexin TFA inhibits long chain fatty acid uptake by adipocytes and decreases food consumption in diet-induced obese mice and rats. Spexin TFA attenuates LH secretion in goldfish. Spexin TFA exhibits anxiolytic effects in vivo.
Vasonatrin Peptide (VNP) is a chimera of atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) and C-type natriuretic peptide (CNP). Vasonatrin peptide possesses the venodilating actions of CNP, the natriuretic actions of ANP, and unique arterial vasodilating actions not associated with either ANP or CNP. Vasonatrin Peptide protects the diabetic heart against ischemia-reperfusion injury by inhibiting ER stress via the cGMP-PKG signaling pathway .
Vasonatrin Peptide (VNP) TFA is a chimera of atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) and C-type natriuretic peptide (CNP). Vasonatrin peptide TFA possesses the venodilating actions of CNP, the natriuretic actions of ANP, and unique arterial vasodilating actions not associated with either ANP or CNP. Vasonatrin Peptide TFA protects the diabetic heart against ischemia-reperfusion injury by inhibiting ER stress via the cGMP-PKG signaling pathway .
Kudinoside D is a main natural component of triterpenoid saponin derived from Ilex kudingcha. Kudinoside D suppresses adipogenesis through modulation of the AMPK pathway in 3T3-L1 adipocytes .
Sinigrin is a major glucosinolate present in plants of the Brassicaceae family. Sinigrin inhibits early-stage adipogenesis of 3T3-L1 adipocytes through the AMPK and MAPK signaling pathways. Sinigrin has potent anti-oxidant, anti-tumor and anti-inflammatory effects .
Tagitinin A is a sesquiterpene with anti-hyperglycemic activity. Tagitinin A significantly inhibits glucose uptake in differentiated 3T3-L1 adipocytes .
Deacetylforskolin is a deacetylated derivative of forskolin (HY-15371) that can be extracted from C. forskohlii. Deacetylforskolin activates rat adipocyte adenylyl cyclase (IC50 = 20 µM), inhibits glucose transport in rat adipocyte plasma membranes and exhibits antihypertensive activity .
Sinigrin (Standard) is the analytical standard of Sinigrin. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Sinigrin is a major glucosinolate present in plants of the Brassicaceae family. Sinigrin inhibits early-stage adipogenesis of 3T3-L1 adipocytes through the AMPK and MAPK signaling pathways. Sinigrin has potent anti-oxidant, anti-tumor and anti-inflammatory effects .
Kihadanin B is a citrus limonoid that can be purified from the peels of immature Citrus unshiu. Kihadanin B suppresses adipogenesis through repression of the Akt-FOXO1-PPARγ axis in 3T3-L1 adipocytes .
Ganoapplanoid F, a highly oxygenated lanostane triterpenoid from Ganoderma applanatum, inhibits lipid accumulation in adipocytes. Ganoapplanoid F can be used for the research of obesity .
4β-Hydroxywithanolide E, isolated from Physalis peruviana L., inhibits adipocyte differentiation of 3T3-L1 cells through modulation of mitotic clonal expansion. 4β-Hydroxywithanolide E is an adipogenesis inhibitor and inhibits PPARγ, C/EBPα, and the adipocyte-specific molecule aP2 mRNA expression .
Vitisin A has antioxidative, anticancer, antiapoptotic, neuroprotective and anti-inflammatory effects. Vitisin A inhibits LPS-induced NO and iNOS production via down-regulation of ERK1/2 and p38 and the NF-κB signal pathway. Vitisin A also inhibits adipocyte differentiation. Vitisin A is a resveratrol tetramer that can be isolated from Vitis vinifera roots .
(E)-Naringenin chalcone is an orally active anti-allergic agent. (E)-Naringenin chalcone also has antioxidant, anti-inflammatory activities. (E)-Naringenin chalcone can improve adipocyte functions. (E)-Naringenin chalcone inhibits histamine release from rat peritoneal mast cell .
Galegine hydrochloride, a guanidine derivative, contributes to weight loss in mice. Guanidine hydrochloride is the compound derived from G. officinalis, which gave rise to the biguanides, metformin and phenformin. Galegine hydrochloride activates AMPK in 3T3-L1 adipocytes and L6 myotubes, as well as in the H4IIE rat hepatoma and HEK293 human kidney cell lines. Galegine hydrochloride has antibacterial activity, with minimum inhibitory concentration of 4 mg/L against Staphylococcus aureus strains .
Periplogenin is a naturally occurring furanocoumarin found in Angelica dahurica roots, with potent anti-psoriatic effects. Periplogenin induces adipocyte differentiation .
4'-Methoxychalcone regulates adipocyte differentiation through PPARγ activation. 4'-Methoxychalcone modulates the expression and secretion of various adipokines in adipose tissue that are involved in insulin sensitivity .
N-Oleoyl glycine is a lipoamino acid, which stimulates adipogenesis associated with activation of CB1 receptor and Akt signaling pathway in 3T3-L1 adipocyte.
Broussonin B is a phenolic compound isolated from the stem barks of Broussonetia kanzinoki (Moraceae). Broussonin B inhibits adipocyte differentiation in 3T3-L1 cells .
Soyasaponin Ab is a soyasaponin that exerts an anti-obesity effect in 3T3-L1 adipocytes through downregulation of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ) .
Soyasaponin Aa is a soyasaponin that exerts an anti-obesity effect in 3T3-L1 adipocytes through downregulation of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ) .
Adenosine N1-oxide is an oral active anti-inflammatory agent, and can be isolated from royal jelly. Adenosine N1-oxide promotes osteogenic and adipocyte differentiation .
Taurine, a sulphur-containing amino acid and an organic osmolyte involved in cell volume regulation, provides a substrate for the formation of bile salts, and plays a role in the modulation of intracellular free calcium concentration. Taurine has the ability to activate autophagy in adipocytes .
3-Dehydrotrametenolic acid, isolated from the sclerotium of Poria cocos, is a lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) inhibitor. 3-Dehydrotrametenolic acid promotes adipocyte differentiation in vitro and acts as an insulin sensitizer in vivo. 3-Dehydrotrametenolic acid induces apoptosis and has anticancer activity .
Vitamin U (S-Methylmethionine sulfonium) chloride is an orally active anti-ulcer agent with antioxidant activity. Vitamin U inhibits adipocyte differentiation. Vitamin U promotes skin wound healing.Vitamin U can be used in the research of gastrointestinal ulceration .
Soyasaponin Aa (Standard) is the analytical standard of Soyasaponin Aa. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Soyasaponin Aa is a soyasaponin that exerts an anti-obesity effect in 3T3-L1 adipocytes through downregulation of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ) .
Soyasaponin Aa (Standard) is the analytical standard of Soyasaponin Aa. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Soyasaponin Aa is a soyasaponin that exerts an anti-obesity effect in 3T3-L1 adipocytes through downregulation of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ) .
Taurine (Standard) is the analytical standard of Taurine. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Taurine, a sulphur-containing amino acid and an organic osmolyte involved in cell volume regulation, provides a substrate for the formation of bile salts, and plays a role in the modulation of intracellular free calcium concentration. Taurine has the ability to activate autophagy in adipocytes .
Zaluzanin C is a sesquiterpene lactone. Zaluzanin C has anti-inflammatory activity and can inhibit the production of mtROS, block the NF-κB signaling pathway, and reduce the production of TNF-α. In addition, Zaluzanin C can inhibit the differentiation of 3T3-L1 preadipocytes into mature adipocytes .
(E)-Methyl 3,4,5-trimethoxycinnamate is a bioactive natural phenylpropanoid. (E)-Methyl 3,4,5-trimethoxycinnamate suppresses inflammation in RAW264.7 macrophages and blocks macrophage-adipocyte interaction. (E)-Methyl 3,4,5-trimethoxycinnamate also has antiarrhythmic effect, leads to suppression of triggered activities in rabbit myocytes .
Corylin is an orally active flavonoid anti-inflammatory and osteogenic agent that inhibits IL-6-induced STAT3 promoter activity and STAT3 phosphorylation. Corylin also has anticancer, antiatherosclerotic, and ameliorating activity in hyperlipidemia and insulin resistance, inducing adipocyte browning and lipolysis through SIRT1 or β3-AR-dependent pathways .
Sanggenon F is a flavonoid compound derived from Morus alba var. multicaulis. It inhibits the differentiation of 3T3-L1 adipocytes and the production of nitric oxide (NO) in RAW264.7 cells induced by lipopolysaccharides (HY-D1056) and IFN-γ (IC50 of 19 nM). Sanggenon F has potential application value in the fields of anti-inflammatory and metabolic diseases .
Lipoamide ((±)-α-Lipoamide) is a monocarboxylic acid derivative of a neutral amide, formed by the condensation of the carboxyl group of lipoic acid and ammonia. Lipoamide protects against oxidative stress-mediated neuronal cell damage and also acts as a coenzyme to transfer acetyl groups and hydrogen during pyruvate deacylation. Lipoamide also stimulates mitochondrial biogenesis in adipocytes through the endothelial NO synthase-cGMP-protein kinase G signaling pathway .
Myricetin-3-O-β-D-xylopyranosyl-(1→2)-β-D-glucopyranoside is a natural product that can be obtained from sphaerophysa salsula. Myricetin-3-O-β-D-xylopyranosyl-(1→2)-β-D-glucopyranoside inhibits triglyceride (TG) accumulation in 3T3-L1 adipocytes .
Equisetin is an N-methylserine-derived acyl tetramic acid, quorum sensing inhibitor (QSI), herbicides and antibiotics. Equisetin specifically inhibits the anionic carriers of substrates in the inner mitochondrial membrane. Equisetin inhibits the activity of HIV-1 integrase, 11β-HSD1, and 2,4-dinitrophenol (Dnp)-stimulated ATPase (IC50 = ~8 nmol per mg of protein). Equisetin exhibits growth inhibition of bacteria, anti-inflammatory, amelioration of lipid-associated disorders, and cytotoxic effects .
Rhamnose (L-Rhamnose) is an orally active deoxysugar that is widely found in plants and bacteria. Rhamnose can inhibit levels of pro-inflammatory interleukin and matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) in skin aging models, showing anti-aging effects. Rhamnose can promote the phosphorylation levels of PKA substrates and HSL in SVF-derived adipocytes, stimulating PKA signaling. Rhamnose can act against obesity in mice by stimulating fat dopamine receptors and inducing thermogenesis. Rhamnose is also used in cancer research .
3-Aminoisobutyric acid (β-Aminoisobutyric acid) has anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects. 3-Aminoisobutyric acid increases the expression of brown adipocyte-specific genes in white adipose tissue and fatty acid β-oxidation in hepatocytes. 3-Aminoisobutyric acid attenuates insulin resistance and inflammation induced by palmitate or a high fat diet via an AMPK–PPARδ-dependent pathway in mice. 3-Aminoisobutyric acid is a catabolic metabolite of thymine and valine in skeletal muscle .
Corylin (Standard) is the analytical standard of Corylin. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Corylin is an orally active flavonoid anti-inflammatory and osteogenic agent that inhibits IL-6-induced STAT3 promoter activity and STAT3 phosphorylation. Corylin also has anticancer, antiatherosclerotic, and ameliorating activity in hyperlipidemia and insulin resistance, inducing adipocyte browning and lipolysis through SIRT1 or β3-AR-dependent pathways .
Kazinol B, a prenylated flavan with a dimethyl pyrane ring, is an inhibitor of nitric oxide (NO) production. Kazinol B improves insulin sensitivity by enhancing glucose uptake via the insulin-Akt signaling pathway and AMPK activation. Kazinol B has the potential for diabetes mellitus research .
Agrimol B, a polyphenol, is an orally active and potent SIRT1 activator. Agrimol B shows anti-adipogenic and anticancer activity. Agrimol B shows antibacterial activity against plant pathogens. Agrimol B dramatically inhibits 3T3-L1 adipocyte differentiation by reducing PPARγ, C/EBPα, FAS, UCP-1, and apoE expression. The action of Agrimol B on the cancer cells is likely derived from its effect on c-MYC, SKP2 and p27 .
Tibesaikosaponin V (TKV) is a triterpene diglycoside, which can be isolated from the methanol extract of the roots of Bupleurum chinense DC.. Tibesaikosaponin V inhibits lipid accumulation and triacylglycerol content occurred without cytotoxicity to adipocytes. Tibesaikosaponin V suppresses the mRNA expression of nuclear transcription factors, such as peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ) and CCAAT/enhancer binding protein α (C/EBPα). Tibesaikosaponin V inhibits 3T3-L1 preadipocyte differentiation. Tibesaikosaponin V can be used fro research of obesity and its associated metabolic disorders .
(±)-Catechin (Standard) is the analytical standard of (±)-Catechin. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. (±)-Catechin (rel-Cianidanol) is the racemate of the green tea polyphenol Catechin. Catechin has anticancer activity and induces apoptosis. (±)-Catechin has two forms, (+)-Catechin and its enantiomer (-)-Catechin. (+)-Catechin inhibits cyclooxygenase-1 (COX-1) with an IC50 of 1.4 μM. (-)-Catechin can effectively promote hBM-MSC adipocyte differentiation and increase adiponectin and PPARγ levels. (±)-Catechin has anti-tumor, anti-obesity, anti-diabetic, anti-cardiovascular, anti-infectious, hepatoprotective and neuroprotective effects .
23-epi-26-Deoxyactein (Standard) is the analytical standard of 23-epi-26-Deoxyactein. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. 23-epi-26-Deoxyactein is a natural and orally active anti-obesity and anti-cancer compound .
15-Deoxy-Δ-12,14-prostaglandin J2 (15d-PGJ2) is a cyclopentenone prostaglandin and a metabolite of PGD2. 15-Deoxy-Δ-12,14-prostaglandin J2 is a selective PPARγ (EC50 of 2 µM) and a covalent PPARδ agonist. 15-Deoxy-Δ-12,14-prostaglandin J2 promotes efficient differentiation of C3H10T1/2 fibroblasts to adipocytes with an EC50 of 7 μM .
Fucoxanthin (Standard) is the analytical standard of Fucoxanthin. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Fucoxanthin (all-trans-Fucoxanthin) is a marine carotenoid and shows anti-obesity, anti-diabetic, anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory and anticancer activities .
Fucoxanthin (all-trans-Fucoxanthin) is a marine carotenoid and shows anti-obesity, anti-diabetic, anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory and anticancer activities .
4-Hydroxyisoleucine (Standard) is the analytical standard of 4-Hydroxyisoleucine. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. 4-Hydroxyisoleucine is an orally active amino acid that can be isolated from fenugreek seeds. 4-Hydroxyisoleucine displays insulinotropic and antidiabetic properties .
4-Hydroxyisoleucine is an orally active amino acid that can be isolated from fenugreek seeds. 4-Hydroxyisoleucine displays insulinotropic and antidiabetic properties .
15-Deoxy-Δ-12,14-prostaglandin J2 (Standard) is the analytical standard of 15-Deoxy-Δ-12,14-prostaglandin J2. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. 15-Deoxy-Δ-12,14-prostaglandin J2 (15d-PGJ2) is a cyclopentenone prostaglandin and a metabolite of PGD2. 15-Deoxy-Δ-12,14-prostaglandin J2 is a selective PPARγ (EC50 of 2 μM) and a covalent PPARδ agonist. 15-Deoxy-Δ-12,14-prostaglandin J2 promotes efficient differentiation of C3H10T1/2 fibroblasts to adipocytes with an EC50 of 7 μM .
Avicularin is an orally active flavonoid. Avicularin inhibits NF-κB (p65), COX-2 and PPAR-γ activities. Avicularin has anti-inflammatory, anti-infectious anti-allergic, anti-oxidant, hepatoprotective, and anti-tumor activities .
Adiponectin/Acrp30 Protein, Bovine (P.pastoris, His) can increase cell sensitivity to insulin and can be used as a potential protein for diabetic tendinopathy research.
Adiponectin/Acrp30 Protein, Human (HEK293, His) could increase cell sensitivity to insulin and can be used as a potential protein for treating diabetic tendinopathy.
MXRA8 Protein, a transmembrane modulator, likely interacts with integrin ITGAV:ITGB3, influencing various signaling pathways. It inhibits osteoclastogenesis, promotes cartilage formation, and stimulates primary cilia formation in chondrocytes. In angiogenesis, it suppresses endothelial cell migration, promotes apoptosis, and inhibits VEGF-induced AKT and p38 MAP kinase activation. Additionally, MXRA8 may contribute to arthritogenic alphavirus pathogenesis as a viral receptor. MXRA8 Protein, Human (HEK293, His) is the recombinant human-derived MXRA8 protein, expressed by HEK293 , with C-His labeled tag. The total length of MXRA8 Protein, Human (HEK293, His) is 322 a.a., with molecular weight of 40-53 kDa.
MXRA8 is a transmembrane protein that complexly regulates signaling pathways likely by interacting with the integrin ITGAV:ITGB3. It mediates heterophil-cell interactions, inhibits osteoclastogenesis through TNFSF11/RANKL and CSF1, and inhibits VEGF-induced activation of AKT and p38 MAP kinase. MXRA8 Protein, Mouse (HEK293, His) is the recombinant mouse-derived MXRA8 protein, expressed by HEK293 , with C-His labeled tag. The total length of MXRA8 Protein, Mouse (HEK293, His) is 321 a.a., with molecular weight of 42-52 kDa.
FABP4 Protein, expressed mainly in adipocytes, crucially mediates lipid and retinoic acid transport. It binds long-chain fatty acids and retinoic acid, facilitating delivery to nuclear receptors. Functioning as a monomer and forming homodimers, FABP4 interacts with PPARG, contributing to its involvement in fatty acid metabolism and signaling pathways. FABP4 Protein, Human (His) is the recombinant human-derived FABP4 protein, expressed by E. coli , with N-6*His labeled tag. The total length of FABP4 Protein, Human (His) is 131 a.a., with molecular weight of ~15.0 kDa.
The FABP4 protein binds hormone receptors, fatty acids, and transports them. It regulates thermogenesis, brown fat cell differentiation, and response to lithium ion. It is located in the cytoplasm and nucleus, and is expressed in adipose tissue, CNS, genitourinary system, gut, and heart. It shares orthology with human FABP4. Biased expression is seen in subcutaneous and genital fat pads. FABP4 Protein, Mouse (His) is the recombinant mouse-derived FABP4 protein, expressed by E. coli , with N-His labeled tag. The total length of FABP4 Protein, Mouse (His) is 131 a.a., with molecular weight of ~15.63 kDa.
FABP4 Protein, a member of the calycin superfamily, is classified within the fatty-acid binding protein (FABP) family. FABP4 Protein, Mouse (HEK293, His) is the recombinant mouse-derived FABP4 protein, expressed by HEK293, with C-His labeled tag. The total length of FABP4 Protein, Mouse (HEK293, His) is 132 a.a., with molecular weight of ~15 kDa.
The CCDC47 protein is an important component of the multichannel translocon (MPT) complex and cooperates with SEC61 to mediate the insertion of multichannel membrane proteins. As part of the PAT subcomplex within MPT, CCDC47 helps sequester polar regions within the transmembrane domain, ensuring correct membrane protein assembly. CCDC47 Protein, Mouse (HEK293, His) is the recombinant mouse-derived CCDC47 protein, expressed by HEK293 , with C-His labeled tag. The total length of CCDC47 Protein, Mouse (HEK293, His) is 135 a.a., with molecular weight of ~20-23 KDa.
ASAM/CLMP proteins have emerged as potential key players in cell-cell adhesion, implicating their role in maintaining tissue integrity. Indications of involvement in adipocyte differentiation suggest potential effects on adipose tissue development and obesity regulation. ASAM/CLMP Protein, Rat (HEK293, His) is the recombinant rat-derived ASAM/CLMP protein, expressed by HEK293 , with C-His labeled tag.
ASAM/CLMP protein potentially participates in cell-cell adhesion, suggesting a role in adipocyte differentiation and obesity development. It is crucial for normal small intestine development, paralleling functions of related proteins. ASAM/CLMP Protein, Mouse (HEK293, His) is the recombinant mouse-derived ASAM/CLMP protein, expressed by HEK293 , with C-His labeled tag. The total length of ASAM/CLMP Protein, Mouse (HEK293, His) is 215 a.a., with molecular weight of ~30-35 kDa.
AE-binding protein 1/Aebp1 Protein, Mouse (His-SUMO) plays a critical role in regulating adipogenesis, and the proinflammation process in macrophages, including macrophage cholesterol homeostasis, foam cell formation and the development of atherosclerosis.
Complement Factor D/Adipsin Protein cleaves factor B in complex with factor C3b, activating the C3bbb complex to form the C3 convertase in the alternate pathway, analogous to C1s in the classical pathway. Complement Factor D/Adipsin Protein, Mouse (HEK293, His) is the recombinant mouse-derived Complement Factor D/Adipsin protein, expressed by HEK293 , with C-6*His labeled tag.
LMW-PTP/ACP1, a phosphatase, acts on tyrosine phosphorylated proteins, low-molecular-weight aryl phosphates, and natural and synthetic acyl phosphates. Notably, there are substrate specificity differences between isoform 1 and isoform 2, with isoform 2 lacking phosphatase activity. LMW-PTP/ACP1 Protein, Human (C-His) is the recombinant human-derived LMW-PTP/ACP1 protein, expressed by E. coli , with C-6*His labeled tag. The total length of LMW-PTP/ACP1 Protein, Human (C-His) is 157 a.a., with molecular weight of ~18.0 kDa.
Taurine-d4 is the deuterium labeled Taurine. Taurine, a sulphur-containing amino acid and an organic osmolyte involved in cell volume regulation, provides a substrate for the formation of bile salts, and plays a role in the modulation of intracellular free calcium concentration. Taurine has the ability to activate autophagy in adipocytes[1][2][3].
Taurine- 13C2 is the 13C-labeled Taurine. Taurine, a sulphur-containing amino acid and an organic osmolyte involved in cell volume regulation, provides a substrate for the formation of bile salts, and plays a role in the modulation of intracellular free calcium concentration. Taurine has the ability to activate autophagy in adipocytes[1][2][3].
Taurine- 13C2, 15N is the 13C- and 15N- labeled Taurine. Taurine, a sulphur-containing amino acid and an organic osmolyte involved in cell volume regulation, provides a substrate for the formation of bile salts, and plays a role in the modulation of intracellular free calcium concentration. Taurine has the ability to activate autophagy in adipocytes[1][2][3].
15-Deoxy-Δ-12,14-prostaglandin J2-d4 is the deuterium labeled 15-Deoxy-Δ-12,14-prostaglandin J2. 15-Deoxy-Δ-12,14-prostaglandin J2 (15d-PGJ2) is a cyclopentenone prostaglandin and a metabolite of PGD2. 15-Deoxy-Δ-12,14-prostaglandin J2 is a selective PPARγ (EC50 of 2 µM) and a covalent PPARδ agonist. 15-Deoxy-Δ-12,14-prostaglandin J2 promotes efficient differentiation of C3H10T1/2 fibroblasts to adipocytes with an EC50 of 7 μM[1][2].
30 kDa adipocyte complement related protein; ACDC; ACRP 30; ACRP30; ADIPO_HUMAN; adipocyte; AdipoQ; Adipose most abundant gene transcript 1; Adipose specific collagen like factor; ADIPQTL1; ADPN; APM 1; apM-1; ApM1; C1q and collagen domain-containing protein; GBP 28; GBP28; Gelatin binding protein; Gelatin binding protein 28; Gelatin-binding protein.
WB, ICC/IF, IHC-P
Mouse
Adiponectin Antibody is a non-conjugated and Rabbit origined monoclonal antibody about 27 kDa, targeting to Adiponectin. It can be used for WB,ICC,IHC-P assays with tag free, in the background of Mouse.
ERAP1 Antibody (YA2159) is a rabbit-derived non-conjugated IgG antibody (Clone NO.: YA2159), targeting ERAP1, with a predicted molecular weight of 107 kDa (observed band size: 107 kDa). ERAP1 Antibody (YA2159) can be used for WB, IHC-P experiment in human, rat background.
SMCy5.5 is an SMCy dye used for lipid droplet labeling with a very high two-photon absorption cross-section. SMCy, unlike the well-known lipid droplet marker Nile Red, has narrow absorption and emission bands in visible light, allowing for multicolor imaging. SMCy is shown to be compatible with fixation, producing high-quality 3D images of lipid droplets in cells and tissues. The high brightness of SMCy5.5 enables efficient tracking and imaging of lipid droplet exchange between adipocytes .
Taurine, a sulphur-containing amino acid and an organic osmolyte involved in cell volume regulation, provides a substrate for the formation of bile salts, and plays a role in the modulation of intracellular free calcium concentration. Taurine has the ability to activate autophagy in adipocytes .
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