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DOTAGA.(SA.FAPi)2 analogue TFA is a DOTAGA.(SA.FAPi)2 TFA (HY-164364A) analogue, in which the ligand and the chelator are identical to those of DOTAGA.(SA.FAPi)2 TFA. DOTAGA.(SA.FAPi)2 TFA is a potent dimeric fibroblast-activation protein inhibitor (FAPi) .
Sauvagine TFA, a 40-amino-acid neuropeptide from the skin of the frog, is a mammalian CRF agonist. Sauvagine TFA is effective at releasing ACTH from rat pituitary cells. Sauvagine TFA possesses a number of pharmacological actions on diuresis, the cardiovascular system and endocrine glands .
GO-203 TFA is a potent MUC1-C oncoprotein inhibitor. GO-203 TFA is an all D-amino acid peptide that consists of a poly-R transduction domain linked to a CQCRRKN motif that binds to the MUC1-C cytoplasmic tail and blocks MUC1-C homodimerization. GO-203 TFA downregulates TIGAR (TP53-induced glycolysis and apoptosis regulator) protein synthesis by inhibiting the PI3K-AKT-S6K1 pathway. GO-203 TFA induces the production of ROS and loss of mitochondrial transmembrane potential. GO-203 TFA inhibits the growth of colon cancer cells in vitro and as xenografts in nude mice .
AmmTX3 TFA is a peptide toxin that can be isolated from the venom of the scorpion Androctonus mauretanicus. AmmTX3 TFA is specific blocker of Kv4 channel. AmmTX3 TFA inhibits the A-type K + current (Ki: 131 nM) .
Urocortin, rat TFA (Urocortin (Rattus norvegicus) TFA) is a neuropeptide and a potent endogenous CRFR agonist with Kis of 13 nM, 1.5 nM, and 0.97 nM for human CRF1, rat CRF2α and mouse CRF2β, respectively .
β-Amyloid- 15N (1-42), human (TFA) is the 15N-labledβ-Amyloid (1-42) (TFA). β-Amyloid (1-42), human TFA (Amyloid β-Peptide (1-42) (human) TFA) is a 42-amino acid peptide which plays a key role in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer disease[1].
β-Amyloid- 15N (1-40) (TFA) is the 15N-labledβ-Amyloid (1-40) (TFA). β-Amyloid (1-40) is a primary protein in plaques found in the brains of patients with Alzheimer's disease[1].
VTSEGAGLQLQK- 13C6, 15N2 (TFA) is the 13C- and 15N-labeled VTSEGAGLQLQK. VTSEGAGLQLQK is an amino acid sequence in the C-terminal region of recombinant human alpha-acid glucosidase (rhGAA), which can be used to bind anti-drug antibodies in plasma and quantitatively analyze the therapeutic effect .
Elamipretide TFA (MTP-131 TFA; RX-31 TFA; SS-31 TFA) is the TFA salt form of Elamipretide (HY-P0125). Elamipretide TFA is a mitochondria-targeting peptide, which ameliorates myocardial infarction, improves the renal function and protects neurons form inflammatory and oxidative stress injury .
MPSD TFA (MARCKS-ED TFA) is the TFA salt form of MPSD (HY-P10471). MPSD TFA is a 25-amino acid peptide based on the effector domain sequence of the intracellular membrane protein myristoylated alanine-rich C-kinase substrate (MARCKS). MPSD TFA can sense membrane curvature and recognize phosphatidylserine. MPSD TFA can be utilized as biological probe to study membrane shape and lipid composition .
Milvexian TFA (BMS-986177 TFA) is a factor XIa inhibitor with biological activity to prevent venous thromboembolism. Milvexian TFA was effective in reducing the occurrence of venous thromboembolism in patients undergoing knee replacement surgery. Milvexian TFA has good selectivity and shows significant inhibitory effects on plasma kallikrein and trypsin. Milvexian TFA has a bioavailability of 32%, which means it has a high absorption rate in the body. Milvexian TFA showed a relatively low risk of bleeding in clinical trials .
Filanesib TFA (ARRY-520 TFA) is a selective kinesin spindle protein (KSP) inhibitor, with an IC50 of 6 nM for human KSP. Filanesib TFA induces cell death by apoptosis in vitro. Filanesib TFA has potent anti-proliferative activity .
Epitalon TFA is an anti-aging agent and a telomerase activator. Epitalon TFA has an inhibitory effect of the on the development of spontaneous tumors in mice, has geroprotective actions and intranasal administration increases neuronal activity. Epitalon TFA can be used for cancer, old age and Retinitis Pigmentosa .
Abaloparatide TFA (BA 058 TFA) is a parathyroid hormone receptor 1 (PTHR1) analogue. Abaloparatide TFA also is a selective PTHR1 activator. Abaloparatide TFA enhances Gs/cAMP signaling and β-arrestin recruitment. Abaloparatide TFA enhances bone formation and cortical structure in mice. Abaloparatide TFA has the potential for the research of osteoporosis .
Thymocartin TFA is the TFA salt form of Thymocartin (HY-105025). Thymocartin TFA inhibits apoptosis of peripheral blood lymphocytes in HIV infected individuals. Thymocartin TFA is potential for immunodeficiency diseases research .
Zosurabalpin TFA is a tethered macrocyclic peptide antibiotic, acting specifically on A. baumannii. Zosurabalpin TFA inhibits lipopolysaccharide-transport .
Spexin TFA is a potent galanin receptor 2/3 (GAL2/GAL3) agonist (EC50 values are 45.7 and 112.2 nM, respectively). Spexin TFA exhibits no significant activity at galanin receptor 1. Spexin TFA is an endogenous satiety-inducing peptide; Spexin TFA inhibits long chain fatty acid uptake by adipocytes and decreases food consumption in diet-induced obese mice and rats. Spexin TFA attenuates LH secretion in goldfish. Spexin TFA exhibits anxiolytic effects in vivo.
Mifamurtide TFA (MTP-PE TFA), an analog of the muramyl dipeptide (MDP), is a nonspecific immunomodulator by stimulating the immune response activating macrophages and monocytes. Mifamurtide TFA is a specific ligand for NOD2 and acts as an insulin sensitizer. Mifamurtide TFA has potential for use in rare disease and osteosarcoma research .
Ziconotide TFA (SNX-111 TFA), a peptide, is a potent and selective block of N-type calcium channels antagonist. Ziconotide TFA reduces synaptic transmission, and can be used for chronic pain research .
Lonodelestat TFA (POL6014 TFA) is a potent, orally active and selective peptide inhibitor of human neutrophil elastase (hNE). Lonodelestat TFA has the potential for the research of cystic fibrosis (CF) .
Wasabi Receptor Toxin TFA (WaTx TFA) is the TFA salt form of Wasabi Receptor Toxin (HY-P5914). Wasabi Receptor Toxin TFA is a cell-penetrating scorpion toxin. Wasabi Receptor Toxin TFA is the activator for TRPA1 ion channel with EC50 in nanomolar level, and prolongs the channel open time, but reduces Ca 2+ permeability. Wasabi Receptor Toxin TFA causes thermal hypersensitivity and mechanical allodynia in rats, without triggering neurogenic inflammation .
Bactenecin TFA (Bactenecin, bovine TFA) is a potent 12-aa looped antimicrobial peptide isolated from bovine neutrophils. Bactenecin TFA inhibits the growth of bacteria and yeast, and kills the fungus Trichophyton rubrum. Bactenecin TFA increass membrane permeability, inhibits the growth and biofilm formation of B. pseudomallei .
Tilpisertib fosmecarbil TFA is the TFA salt form of Tilpisertib (HY-147404). Tilpisertib fosmecarbil TFA is an inhibitor for serine/threonine kinase. Tilpisertib fosmecarbil TFA has anti-inflammatory activity .
Atecegatran TFA (AR-H067637 TFA) is an anticoagulant with selective direct thrombin inhibitory activity. Atecegatran TFA is commonly used to inhibit cardiovascular diseases. The biotransformation product of Atecegatran TFA, AR-H067637, is its active form and participates in the anticoagulation process .
Glutathione arsenoxide (GSAO) TFA is a potential anticancer agent and a tumour metabolism inhibitor. Glutathione arsenoxide TFA targets Mitochondrial endomycin nucleotide transferase (ANT). Glutathione arsenoxide TFA causes cell proliferation arrest and cell death. Glutathione arsenoxide TFA can be used to identify cell-surface proteins, such as Protein disulphide isomerase .
Glutaurine (Litoralon) TFA containing glutamine and taurine residues is an orally active hormone of the parathyroid. Glutaurine (Litoralon) TFA, as a hormone, is isolated from parathyroid gland oxyphil cells. Glutaurine (Litoralon) TFA can be used for the research of antiepileptic and anti-amnesia .
cyclo(RLsKDK) (TFA) (BK-1361 (TFA)) is a specific inhibitor of metalloproteinase ADAM8 with an IC50 value of 182 nM. cyclo(RLsKDK) (TFA) has potential applications in inflammatory diseases and cancer .
GRGDSPK TFA (EMD 56574 TFA) is a peptide incluing Arg-Gly-Asp (RGD). GRGDSPK TFA is an competitive and reversible inhibitory peptide for inhibiting integrin-fibronectin binding. GRGDSPK TFA is used to study the role of integrins in bone formation and resorption .
Relamorelin (RM-131) TFA, a pentapeptide ghrelin analog, is a selective ghrelin/growth hormone secretagogue receptor (GHSR) agonist with a Ki of 0.42 nM for GHS-1a receptor. Relamorelin TFA is centrally penetrant. Relamorelin TFA increases growth hormone levels and accelerates gastric emptying. Relamorelin TFA has the potential for cachexia, gastroparesis, and gastric/intestinal dysmobility disorders research .
Balixafortide TFA (POL6326 TFA) is a potent, selective, well-tolerated peptidic CXCR4 antagonist with an IC50 < 10 nM. Balixafortide TFA shows 1000-fold selective for CXCR4 than a large panel of receptors including CXCR7. Balixafortide TFA blocks β-arrestin recruitment and calcium flux with IC50s < 10 nM. Balixafortide TFA is also a potent hematopoietic stem and progenitor cell (HSPC) mobilizing agent. Anti-cancer effects .
SPR741 TFA (NAB741 TFA) is a cationic peptide derived from polymyxin B and is a potentiator molecule. SPR741 TFA increases the permeability of the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria and is used to treat severe Gram-negative bacteria infections. SPR741 TFA inhibits multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacteria. The spectrum of activity of the antibiotic can be widened when used in combination with SPR741 TFA .
pyCTZ (Pyridyl CTZ) TFA, a pyridyl Coelenterazine (CTZ) analog, and is an ATP-independent pyridyl substrate of LumiLuc luciferase. pyCTZ TFA generates strong blue bioluminescence in the presence of luciferases. pyCTZ TFA can be used for aequorin-based calcium sensing .
Forigerimod TFA (IPP-201101 TFA) is a CD4 T-cell modulator. Forigerimod TFA is a 21-amino-acid fragment of U1 small nuclear ribonucleoprotein 70 kDa that is phosphorylated at Ser140. Forigerimod TFA can potently inhibit autophagy. Forigerimod can be used for the research of autoimmune disorders, such as systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) .
TT-232 TFA (CAP-232 TFA) is an analogue of somatostatin. TT-232 TFA can induce apoptosis of pancreatic tumor cell lines, inhibit tyrosine kinase activity and stimulate tyrosine phosphatase activity in colon tumor cell lines. TT-232 TFA inhibits the proliferation of tumor cells, induces apoptosis of tumor cells and shows strong anti-tumor effects. TT-232 TFA can be used in the development of anti-tumor drugs and the study of apoptosis mechanism .
Laninamivir TFA (R 125489 TFA) is an antiviral compound with inhibitory and prophylactic activity against influenza A and B viruses. Laninamivir TFA is a long-acting neuraminidase inhibitor administered by nasal inhalation. Laninamivir TFA has shown good safety and efficacy in the inhibition of influenza viruses .
Clovibactin TFA is the TFA salt form of Clovibactin (HY-P10027). Clovibactin TFA is an antibiotic for drug-resistant bacterial pathogens without detectable resistance. Clovibactin TFA inihibits cell wall synthesis by targeting pyrophosphate of peptidoglycan precursors .
Pyridostatin (RR82) TFA is a G-quadruplex DNA stabilizing agent (Kd=490 nM). Pyridostatin TFA promotes growth arrest in human cancer cells by inducing replication- and transcription-dependent DNA damage. Pyridostatin TFA targets the proto-oncogene Src. Pyridostatin TFA reduced SRC protein levels and SRC-dependent cellular motility in human breast cancer cells .
Cyclo(his-pro) TFA (Cyclo(histidyl-proline) TFA) is an orally active cyclic dipeptide structurally related to tyreotropin-releasing hormone . Cyclo(his-pro) TFA could inhibit NF-κB nuclear accumulation. Cyclo(his-pro) TFA can cross the brain-blood-barrier and affect diverse inflammatory and stress responses .
Myoregulin (MLN peptide) TFA is a member of the regulin family. Myoregulin TFA regulates muscle performance by modulating intracellular calcium handling. Myoregulin TFA interactes directly with sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca 2+-ATPase (SERCA) and impedinf Ca 2+ uptake into the sarcoplasmic reticulum .
GS-8873 TFA is the TFA salt form of GS-8873 (HY-145713). GS-8873 TFA is an orally active inhibitor for the production of hepatitis B virus (HBV) surface antigen (HBsAg) with an EC50 of 4 nM. GS-8873 TFA exhibits good pharmacokinetic characters in rats and metabolic stability in human hepatocytes. GS-8873 TFA causes neurofunctional deficits in rats and cynomolgus monkeys .
Neurokinin A TFA (Substance K TFA), a peptide neurotransmitter of the tachykinin family, acts via the NK-2 receptor. Neurokinin A acts as a major mediator in human airway and gastrointestinal tissues .
H-Lys-Tyr-OH TFA (Lysyltyrosine TFA) is a dipeptide composed of lysine and tyrosine. H-Lys-Tyr-OH TFA prevents neurological diseases or improves brain function by promoting the release of noradrenaline and tyrosine into the brain .
MIF-1 TFA (Melanostatin), an endogenous brain peptide, is a potent dopamine receptor allosteric modulator. MIF-1 TFA inhibits melanin formation. MIF-1 TFA blocks the effects of opioid receptor activation to modulate the analgesic effects. MIF-1 TFA accesses from the blood to the CNS by directly crossing the blood-brain barrier (BBB) .
Phoenixin-20 (TFA) (PNX-20 (TFA)) is a bioactive peptide with hormone-like actions in vertebrates, and can stimulates hypothalamo-pituitary-gonadal hormones and regulate reproductive processes in mammals. Phoenixin-20 (TFA) promotes neuronal mitochondrial biogenesis via CREB-PGC-1α pathway. Phoenixin-20 (TFA) has anxiolytic effect .
Belvarafenib TFA (HM95573 TFA) is a potent and pan RAF (Rapidly Accelerated Fibrosarcoma) inhibitor, with IC50s of 56 nM, 7 nM and 5 nM for B-RAF, B-RAFv 600E and C-RAF respectively .
Biphalin TFA, a BBB-penetrable opioid peptide analog, contains two active enkephalin pharmacophores. Biphalin TFA has high affinity for opioid receptors. Biphalin TFA shows analgesic effect in acute, neuropathic, and chronic animal pain models. Biphalin TFA is also an antiviral, antiproliferative, anti-inflammatory, and neuroprotective agent .
Antisauvagine-30 TFA (aSvg-30 TFA) is a potent, highly selective and competitive CRF2 receptor peptidic antagonist. Antisauvagine-30 TFA exhibits a Kd of 1.4 nM and 150 nM for mCRFR2β and CRFR1, respectively .
Golotimod TFA (SCV 07 TFA), an immunomodulating peptide with antimicrobial activity, significantly increases the efficacy of antituberculosis therapy, stimulates thymic and splenic cell proliferation, and improves macrophage function. Golotimod TFA (SCV 07 TFA) inhibits STAT3 signaling and modulates the duration and severity of oral mucositis in animal models that received radiation or a combination of radiation and Cisplatin. Golotimod TFA (SCV 07 TFA) is also a potential therapeutic for recurrent genital herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2) .
POT-4 TFA (AL-78898A TFA), a Compstatin derivative, is a potent inhibitor of complement factor C3 activation. POT-4 TFA can be used for age-related macular degeneration research .
Reltecimod (AB-103) TFA is a T-cell-specific surface glycoprotein CD28 (TP44) antagonist. Reltecimod TFA has beneficial effects against different bacterial infections, their exotoxins and endotoxins, and ionizing radiation. Reltecimod TFA modulates the inflammatory response by targeting and attenuating the critical CD28/B7-2 co-stimulatory pathway, without inhibiting it. Reltecimod TFA can be used to research necrotizing soft-tissue infections (NSTIs) .
Lamifiban TFA is a nonpeptide glycoprotein IIb/IIIa receptor and platelet aggregation antagonist. Lamifiban TFA in combination with thrombolytic therapy effectively restores coronary arterial patency. Lamifiban TFA is promising for research of acute coronary syndromes .
Tamapin TFA is a venom peptide, targeting to small conductance Ca(2+)-activated K(+) (SK) channels. Tamapin TFA is a selctive blocker of SK2 (Potassium Channel). Tamapin TFA inhibits SK channel-mediated currents in pyramidal neurons of the hippocampus. Tamapin TFA can be isolated from the Indian red scorpion (Mesobuthus tamulus) .
Zilucoplan TFA (RA101495), a 15-amino acid macrocyclic peptide, is a potent complement component 5 (C5) inhibitor. Zilucoplan TFA can be used in research of immune-mediated necrotising myopathy (IMNM) .
Kisspeptin-54(human) TFA (Metastin(human) TFA) is an endogenous ligand for kisspeptin receptor (KISS1, GPR54). Kisspeptin-54(human) TFA binds to rat and human GPR54 receptors with Ki values of 1.81 nM and 1.45 nM, respectively. Kisspeptin-54(human) TFA hinders tumor metastasis and stimulates gonadotropin secretion .
Angiotensin II human (Angiotensin II) TFA is a vasoconstrictor and a major bioactive peptide of the renin/angiotensin system. Angiotensin II human TFA plays a central role in regulating human blood pressure, which is mainly mediated by interactions between Angiotensin II and the G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) Angiotensin II type 1 receptor (AT1R) and Angiotensin II type 2 receptor (AT2R). Angiotensin II human TFA stimulates sympathetic nervous stimulation, increases aldosterone biosynthesis and renal actions. Angiotensin II human TFA induces growth of vascular smooth muscle cells, increases collagen type I and III synthesis in fibroblasts, leading to thickening of the vascular wall and myocardium, and fibrosis. Angiotensin II human TFA also induces apoptosis. Angiotensin II human TFA induces capillary formation from endothelial cells via the LOX-1 dependent redox-sensitive pathway .
Cyclo(Arg-Gly-Asp-D-Phe-Val) (TFA) (Cyclo(RGDfV) (TFA))is an integrin αvβ3 inhibitor. Cyclo(Arg-Gly-Asp-D-Phe-Val) (TFA) has antitumor activity. Cyclo(Arg-Gly-Asp-D-Phe-Val) (TFA) can be used for the research of acute myeloid leukemia .
Dusquetide (SGX942) TFA is a first-in-class innate defense regulator (IDR). Dusquetide TFA modulates the innate immune response to both PAMPs and DAMPs by binding to p62. Dusquetide TFA shows activity in both reducing inflammation and increasing clearance of bacterial infection . DAMPs: damage-associated molecular patterns; PAMPs: pathogen-associated molecular patterns
Ampreloxetine (TD-9855) TFA is a potent and orally active norepinephrine (NE) and serotonin 5-HT inhibitor. Ampreloxetine TFA has the potential for the research of neurogenic orthostatic hypotension .
Anthopleurin-A TFA is a soidum channel toxin. Anthopleurin-A TFA is selective for cardiac channels and has cardiotonic effect. Anthopleurin-A TFA can be isolated from the sea anemone .
Lys-Bradykinin TFA is the TFA salt form of Lys-Bradykinin (HY-103293). Lys-Bradykinin TFA is a ligand for kallidin and bradykinin receptor, which can be generated by kininogen protein through enzymatic cleavage by the protease kallikrein. Lys-Bradykinin TFA serves as a vasodilator, which widens blood vessels and increases blood flow. Lys-Bradykinin TFA stimulates net Na+ influx, and contributes to DNA synthesis. Lys-Bradykinin TFA involves in vascular regulation, inflammation and pain sensation .
Elomotecan TFA is a potent inhibitor of topoisomerases I and II. Elomotecan TFA is a camptothecin analog belonging to the homocamptothecin family (hCPT). Elomotecan TFA reduces the proliferation of different tumor cells with higher potency than other anticancer agents of reference targeting topoisomerases I and II .
Apamin TFA (Apamine TFA) is an 18 amino acid peptide neurotoxin found in apitoxin (bee venom), is known as a specifically selective blocker of Ca 2+-activated K + (SK) channels and exhibits anti-inflammatory and anti-fibrotic activity .
Homocarnosine TFA is a dipeptide of γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) and histidine unique to brain. Homocarnosine TFA is an inhibitory neuromodulator synthesized in the neuron from GABA and exhibiting anticonvulsant effects . Homocarnosine TFA has antioxidant and anti-inflammatory actions, prevention of DNA damage, and inhibition of advanced glycation end-product formation .
PPACK TFA is a plasminogen activator (rt-PA) inhibitor. PPACK TFA can inhibit changes in fibrin degradation products, plasminogen and alpha 2-antiplasmin. PPACK TFA also inhibits the binding of rt-PA to plasma protease inhibitors .
Magainin 1 TFA (Magainin I TFA) is an antimicrobial and amphipathic peptide isolated from the skin of Xenopus laevis. Magainin 1 TFA exhibits antibiotic activity against numerous Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria .
CH-0793076 (TP3076) TFA, a hexacyclic camptothecin analog, is active drug and major metabolite of TP300. CH-0793076 TFA inhibits DNA topoisomerase I with an IC50 of 2.3 μM. CH-0793076 TFA is efficacious against cells expressing BCRP (breast cancer resistance protein) .
sBADA TFA is a potent green fluorescent dye. sBADA TFA is a sulfonated BODIPY-FL 3-amino-D-alanine. sBADA TFA is used to label peptidoglycans in bacterial cell walls in situ. (λex=490 nm, λem=510 nm) .
Secretin, porcine TFA (Porcine secretin TFA) is a 27-amino acid peptide, acting on pancreatic acinar cells and ductal epithelial cells stimulating the production of bicarbonate rich fluid .
γ-Glutamylserine TFA (γ-Glu-Ser TFA) is a calcium receptor activator. γ-Glutamylserine TFA can be used for Parkinson's disease research, as well as diabetes or obesity study .
Maurocalcine TFA is an agonist of ryanodine receptor (RyR) channel types 1, 2 and 3 with cellular permeability. Maurocalcine TFA induces [ 3H]ryanodine binding on RyR1 with an EC50 value of 2558 nM. Maurocalcine TFA exhibits a apparent affinity of 14 nM for RyR2. Maurocalcine TFA can be applied to in vivo cell tracking or other cell imaging techniques .
Box5 TFA is a potent Wnt5a antagonist. Box5 TFA inhibits Wnt5a signaling and inhibits Wnt5a-mediated Ca 2+ release. Box5 TFA inhibits cell migration. Box5 TFA has the potential for the research of melanoma .
GGTI-2133 TFA is the TFA salt form of GGTI-2133 (HY-12369). GGTI-2133 TFA is an inhibitor for geranylgeranyltransferase I (GGTase-I) with an IC50 of 38 nM. GGTI-2133 TFA inhibits the geranylation of Rap-1A with an IC50 of 10 μM .
IIQLPEIVVV TFA is a specific inhibitor of Drp1-Mff interaction. IIQLPEIVVV TFA can distinguish physiological from pathological fission and block physiological fission, thus leading to mitochondrial dysfunction. IIQLPEIVVV TFA can be used in the study of Huntington's disease .
7-(2-Aminoethyl)camptothecin TFA (7CPT TFA) is the TFA salt form of Camptothecin (HY-16560) derivative 7-(2-Aminoethyl)camptothecin (HY-159162). 7-(2-Aminoethyl)camptothecin TFA can be used for synthesis of conjugate with triple helix-forming oligonucleotides (TFOs) and camptothecin (CPT). The TFO-CPT conjugate is used for DNA cleavage .
Galantide TFA is a reversible and non-specific galanin (GAL) receptor antagonist. Galantide TFA dose-dependently shows antagonism to galanin-induced K + conductance with an IC50 value of 4 nM. Galantide TFA can be used for the research of neurological disease and hormone metabolism research .
Catestatin TFA is a 21-amino acid residue, cationic and hydrophobic peptide. Catestatin TFA is an endogenous peptide that regulates cardiac function and blood pressure . Catestatin TFA is a non-competitive nicotinic antagonist acting through nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) to inhibit catecholamine release .
Jingzhaotoxin-XII (JzTx-XII) TFA is a specific Kv4.1 channel inhibitor with an IC50 of 0.363 μM. Jingzhaotoxin-XII TFA interacts with the channels by modifying the gating behavior .
WD6305 TFA is a potent METTL3-targeted PROTAC degrader. WD6305 TFA selectively reduces the METTL3 and METTL14 complex. WD6305 TFA inhibits m 6A modification and the proliferation of AML cells and promotes apoptosis. WD6305 TFA can be used for the research of leukemic .
ONX-0914 (PR-957) TFA is a selective inhibitor of low-molecular mass polypeptide-7 (LMP7), the chymotrypsin-like subunit of the immunoproteasome. ONX-0914 TFA blocks cytokine production and attenuates progression of experimental arthritis. ONX-0914 TFA is a noncompetitive irreversible inhibitor of the mycobacterial proteasome (Ki=5.2 μM). ONX-0914 TFA reactivates latent HIV-1 through p-TEFb activation mediated by HSF-1 .
Boc-LRR-AMC TFA (Boc-Leu-Arg-Arg-AMC TFA) is the TFA salt form of Boc-LRR-AMC (HY-115391). Boc-LRR-AMC TFA is a fluorogenic substrate, which can be utilized for detecting the trypsin-like activity of the 26S proteasome or the 20S proteasome core .
Compstatin TFA, a 13-residue cyclic peptide, is a potent inhibitor of the complement system C3 with species specificity. Compstatin TFA binds to baboon C3 and is resistant to proteolytic cleavage in baboon blood (similar to humans). Compstatin TFA inhibits only the activation of primates’ complement system. Compstatin TFA exhibits IC50 values of 63 μM and 12 μM for classical and alterative complement pathway, respectively .
Monodes(N-carboxymethyl)valine Daclatasvir TFA (Daclatasvir Impurity A TFA) is the TFA salt form of Monodes(N-carboxymethyl)valine Daclatasvir (HY-133246). Monodes(N-carboxymethyl)valine Daclatasvir TFA is the main degradation product of Daclatasvir (HY-10466). Daclatasvir is a potent HCV NS5A protein inhibitor .
Retatrutide (LY3437943) TFA is a triple agonist peptide of the glucagon receptor (GCGR), glucosedependent insulinotropic polypeptide receptor (GIPR), and glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor (GLP-1R). Retatrutide TFA binds human GCGR, GIPR, and GLP-1R with EC50 values of 5.79, 0.0643 and 0.775 nM, respectively. Retatrutide TFA can be used for the research of obesity .
QEQLERALNSS TFA is a helix B surface peptide (HBSP) derived from erythropoietin with tissue protective activities. QEQLERALNSS TFA protects cardiomyocytes from apoptosis .
M40 TFA is the TFA salt form of M40. M40 TFA is an antagonist or a weak agonist for galanin receptor depending on different subtypes of galanin receptors in the brain, hypothalamus, hippocampus, amygdala and pancreas .
CHR-6494 TFA is a potent inhibitor of haspin, with an IC50 of 2 nM. CHR-6494 TFA inhibits histone H3T3 phosphorylation. CHR-6494 TFA induces the apoptosis of cancer cells, including melanoma and breast cancer. CHR-6494 TFA can be used in the research of cancer .
PSI (TFA) is a potent proteasome inhibitor. PSI (TFA) inhibits the proliferation of primary effusion lymphoma (PEL) cells. PSI (TFA) can be used for the research of Kaposi’s sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV) infection and KSHV-associated lymphomas .
Neladalkib TFA is the TFA salt form of Neladalkib (HY-156467). Neladalkib (NVL-655) is an oral ALK inhibitor, the IC50 for Neladalkib in inhibiting ALK is 2.8 nM. Neladalkib promotes cell apoptosis and has anti-tumor activity .
Substance P TFA (Neurokinin P TFA) is a neuropeptide, acting as a neurotransmitter and as a neuromodulator in the CNS. The endogenous receptor for substance P is neurokinin 1 receptor (NK1-receptor, NK1R) .
Zifanocycline (KBP-7072) TFA is an orally active, semi-synthetic aminomethylcycline antibiotic that inhibits the normal function of bacterial ribosomes. Zifanocycline TFA has broad spectrum in vitro antimicrobial activity against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, including many multidrug-resistant pathogens. Zifanocycline TFA is indicated for the study of acute bacterial skin and skin structure infections, community-acquired bacterial pneumonia, and complicated intra-abdominal infections .
PGLa TFA, a 21-residue peptide, is an antimicrobial peptide. PGLa TFA is a member of the magainin family of antibiotic peptides found in frog skin and its secretions .
WSHPQFEKWSHPQFEK TFA is an oligopeptide that can link proteins and dsDNA molecules in an efficient, rapid and specific manner. WSHPQFEKWSHPQFEK TFA can be used to construct DNA-protein hybrids .
5'-Guanidinonaltrindole TFA is a selective kappa-opioid receptor antagonist with significant opioid antagonist activity. 5'-Guanidinonaltrindole TFA exhibits 5 times the antagonistic potency of the prototypical kappa-opioid receptor antagonist norbinatorphimine in smooth muscle preparations, with a selectivity ratio exceeding 500 times. Binding and functional studies of 5'-Guanidinonaltrindole TFA showed pA(2) values comparable to smooth muscle data. 5'-Guanidinonaltrindole TFA is regarded as a potentially valuable pharmacological tool for studying opioids due to its high selectivity and potency .
Cyclo(Arg-Pro) (Cyclo(Pro-Arg)) TFA is a chitinase inhibitor. Cyclo(Arg-Pro) TFA inhibits cell separation of Saccharomyces cerevisiae, without affecting its growth. Cyclo(Arg-Pro) TFA inhibits the morphological change of Candida albicans from yeast form to filamentous form .
Veldoreotide (DG3173) TFA a somatostatin analogue, binds to and activate the somatostatin receptors (SSTR) 2, 4, and 5. Veldoreotide TFA inhibits growth hormone (GH) secretion in adenomas compared with Octreotide (HY-P0036). Veldoreotide has the potential to be used as pain modulating agent
ORIC-944 TFA is the TFA salt form of ORIC (HY-158102). ORIC-944 TFA is a selective, orally active, allosteric inhibitor targeting the EED subunit of polycomb repressive complex 2 (PRC2). ORIC-944 TFA is synergistic with androgen receptor pathway inhibitors (ARPIs) for the study of metastatic prostate cancer .
Angiopeptin TFA, a cyclic octapeptide analogue of somatostatin, is a weak sst2/sst5 receptor partial agonist with IC50 values of 0.26 nM and 6.92 nM, respectively. Angiopeptin TFA is a potent inhibitor of growth hormone release and insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) production. Angiopeptin TFA inhibits adenylate cyclase or stimulates extracellular acidification. Angiopeptin TFA has the potential for coronary atherosclerosis research .
Verubecestat (MK-8931) TFA is an orally active, high-affinity BACE1 and BACE2 inhibitor with Ki values of 2.2 nM and 0.38 nM. Verubecestat TFA effectively reduces Aβ40 and has the potential for Alzheimer's Disease .
KRFK TFA, a peptide derived from TSP-1, can activate TGF-β. KRFK TFA promotes TGF-β-mediated signaling and its downstream role, independent of thrombospondin (TSP) receptors such as CD47 and CD36. KRFK TFA can be used for chronic ocular surface inflammatory disorders reseach .
SAMβA TFA is conjugated to the cell permeable peptide TAT47-57. SAMβA TFA, a rationally designed selective antagonist of Mfn1-βIIPKC association. SAMβA TFA is a selective inhibitor of mitofusin 1-βIIPKC association improves heart failure outcome in rats .
Virodhamine TFA is an endocannabinoid, it regulates neurotransmission by activating the cannabinoid (CB) receptors. Virodhamine is an antagonist of CB1 receptor and an agonist of CB2 receptor. Virodhamine TFA induces megakaryocytic differentiation by triggering MAPK signaling and ROS production. Virodhamine TFA can be used for the research of various neurological disorders such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases .
RDN2150 (Compound 25) TFA is a ZAP-70 inhibitor (IC50: 14.6 nM). RDN2150 TFA covalently binds to the C346 residue of ZAP-70. RDN2150 TFA inhibits the expression of CD25 and CD69, and inhibits CD4 + T cell activation. RDN2150 TFA can be used for research of psoriasis .
PSMA targeting peptide TFA (PSMA-1 TFA) is a PSMA targeting peptide (GRFLTGGTGRLLRIS) and can be used for targeted delivery of glucose-regulated protein (GRP)-silencing siRNAs in PCa cells .
AUNP-12 TFA (NP-12 TFA) is a peptide antagonist of the PD-1 signaling pathway, displays equipotent antagonism toward PD-L1 and PD-L2 in rescue of lymphocyte proliferation and effector functions. AUNP-12 TFA exhibits immune activation, excellent antitumor activity, and potential for better management of immune-related adverse events (irAEs) .
JIP-1(153-163) TFA (TI-JIP TFA) is a peptide inhibitor of c-JNK, based on residues 153-163 of JNK-interacting protein-1 (JIP-1) (Modifications: Phe-11 = C-terminal amide) .
γ-Glu-Phe TFA (γ-Glutamylphenylalanine TFA) is synthesized by Bacillus amyloliquefaciens (GBA) and Aspergillus oryzae (GAO). γ-Glu-Phe TFA or the post-enzymatic reaction mixture enhances the umami intensity of commercial soy sauce and model chicken broth .
EZM0414 TFA is a potent, selective and orally active inhibitor of SETD2 which is a human histone methyltransferase. EZM0414 TFA has anti-proliferative effects .
FN-439 TFA is a selective collagenase-1 inhibitor. FN-439 TFA inhibits collagenase-1 with an IC50 value of 1 μM. FN-439 TFA can be used for the research of cancer and inflammation .
Sinapultide TFA is a 21-amino-acid peptide that mimics the action of human surfactant protein-B (SP-B). Sinapultide TFA can be used for synthetic phospholipids surfactants improvement .
Spadin TFA, a natural peptide derived from a propeptide released in blood, is a potent TREK-1 channel blocker with an IC50 value of 10 nM. Spadin TFA enhances dorsal raphe nucleus 5-HT neurotransmission in mice and induces hippocampal CREB activation and neurogenesis. Spadin TFA can be used for antidepressant research .
Imperatoxin A TFA is a peptide toxin derived from the venom of the African scorpion Pandinus imperator. Imperatoxin A TFA is a Ca 2+-release channels/ryanodine receptors (RyRs) activator. Imperatoxin A TFA enhances the influx of Ca 2+ from the sarcoplasmatic reticulum into the cell .
EAD1 TFA is an aluminum-activated malate transporter with activity in regulating corn ear development. EAD1 TFA is preferentially expressed in the xylem of immature ears and localized across the plasma membrane. The EAD1 TFA transports malic acid in the apical part of developing inflorescences, and its deletion results in reduced malic acid content in this part. The overexpression of EAD1 TFA was significantly positively correlated with ear length and the number of kernels per row. EAD1 TFA serves as a potential genetic resource to help improve grain yield in maize .
LEESGGGLVQPGGSMK TFA, a proteolysis peptide, is a component of Infliximab. LEESGGGLVQPGGSMK TFA can be used for quantitative analysis of Infliximab. Infliximab is a chimeric monoclonal IgG1 antibody that specifically binds to TNF-α .
CREBtide TFA is a CREB (cAMP response element binding protein)-like peptide. CREBtide TFA a synthetic 13 amino acid peptide, has been reported as a PKA substrate .
HNGF6A TFA is a humanin analogue. HNGF6A TFA increases glucose-stimulated insulin secretion and glucose metabolism, and has the potential for diabetes research. HNGF6A TFA inhibits of ROS production during oxidative stress. HNGF6A TFA can prevent endothelial dysfunction and atherosclerosis in vivo .
Psalmotoxin 1 (PcTx1) TFA is a protein toxin that can bind at subunit-subunit interfaces of acid-sensing ion channel 1a (ASIC1a). Psalmotoxin 1 TFA is a potent and slective ASIC1a inhibitor (IC50: 0.9 nM) by increasing the apparent affinity for H + of ASIC1a. Psalmotoxin 1 TFA can induce cell apoptosis, also inhibits cell migration, proferliration and invasion of cancer cells. Psalmotoxin 1 TFA can be used in the research of cancers, or neurological disease .
Guanylin (mouse, rat) TFA, a petide, is composed of 15 amino acids. Guanylin (mouse, rat) TFA is an activator of intestinal guanylate cyclase. Guanylin (mouse, rat) TFA can be used for the research of diarrhea .
Hexa-D-arginine TFA (Furin Inhibitor II TFA) is a stable furin inhibitor with Ki values 106 nM, 580 nM and 13.2 μM for furin, PACE4 and prohormone convertase-1 (PC1), respectively. Hexa-D-arginine TFA blocks Pseudomonas exotoxin A and anthrax toxins toxicity in vitro and in vivo .
Substance P (5-11) TFATFA, the C-terminal heptapeptide of Substance P (Substance P (HY-P0201)), is a neuropeptide. Substance P (5-11) TFATFA binds to NK-1 tachykinin receptor .
SJ1008030 (compound 8) TFA is a JAK2 PROTAC which selectively degrades JAK2. SJ1008030 TFA inhibits MHH–CALL-4 cell growth with an IC50 of 5.4 nM. SJ1008030 TFA can be used for the research of leukemia .
RSM3 TFA, a stapled peptide, is a METTL3-METTL14 inhibitor with an Kd of 3.10 μM. RSM3 TFA inhibits tumor growth while induces cell apoptosis. RSM3 TFA can be used for study of cancer .
Ciraparantag TFA is a thrombin and factor Xa inhibitor. Ciraparantag TFA is a broad-spectrum reversal agent for anticoagulants, including low-molecular-weight heparin, unfractionated heparin, and certain direct oral anticoagulants. It is reported to antagonize the effects of all coagulants except VKAs and agratroban .
Mazdutide (IBI-362; LY-3305677) TFA is a long-acting synthetic oxyntomodulin analog. Mazdutide is also a co-agonist of glucagon-like peptide (GLP-1R) and glucagon receptor (GCGR). Mazdutide TFA binds human and mouse GCGR (Ki: 17.7 nM and 15.9 nM, respectively) and GLP-1R (Ki: 28.6 nM and 25.1 nM, respectively) and stimulates insulin secretion from mouse islets (EC50: 5.2 nM). Mazdutide TFA is used in studies of obesity and type 2 diabetes (T2D) .
vMIP-II (1-21) (NT21MP) TFA is an inhibitor of CXCR4. vMIP-II (1-21) TFA interacts broadly with CC and CXC chemokine receptors. vMIP-II (1-21) TFA inhibits CXCR4 by competing with 125I-SDF-1R for binding sites (IC50=190 nM) .
Gallinamide A TFA is a linearly depositing peptide and a potent inhibitor of cathepsin L (CatL) (IC50: 17.6 pM). Gallinamide A TFA inhibits SARS-CoV-2 infection by inhibiting CatL (EC50: 28 nM). Gallinamide A TFA also inhibits Plasmodium falciparum (IC50: 50 nM) .
Palmitoyl tetrapeptide-20 (PTP20) TFA is a biomimetic peptide that is an agonist for α-MSH. Palmitoyl tetrapeptide-20 TFA can protect follicular melanocytes and activate melanogenesis by enhancing catalase expression .
AKN-028 TFA, a novel tyrosine kinase (TK) inhibitor, is a potent, orally active FMS-like receptor tyrosine kinase 3 (FLT3) inhibitor with an IC50 value of 6?nM. AKN-028 TFA inhibits FLT3 autophosphorylation. AKN-028 TFA induces dose-dependent cytotoxic response (mean IC50=1?μM). AKN-028 TFA induces apoptosisby activation of caspase 3. AKN-028 TFA can be used in research of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) .
Disitertide (P144) TFA is a peptidic transforming growth factor-beta 1 (TGF-β1) inhibitor specifically designed to block the interaction with its receptor. Disitertide TFA is also a PI3K inhibitor and an apoptosis inducer .
Dalazatide (ShK-186) TFA is a specific Kv1.3 potassium channel peptide inhibitor. Dalazatide TFA can be used in the study of autoimmune diseases such as multiple sclerosis (MS), lupus erythematosus, psoriasis, rheumatoid arthritis, type 1 diabetes and inflammatory bowel disease .
CALP2 TFA is a calmodulin (CaM) antagonist (Kd of 7.9 µM) with high affinity for binding to the CaM EF-hand/Ca 2+-binding site. CALP2 TFA inhibits CaM-dependent phosphodiesterase activity and increases intracellular Ca 2+ concentrations. CALP2 TFA potently inhibits of adhesion and degranulation. CALP2 TFA is also a strong activator of alveolar macrophages .
MSG606 TFA is a potent human MC1 receptor antagonist (IC50=17 nM). MSG606 TFA also partial agonist at human MC3 and MC5 receptors (EC50 values are 59 and 1300 nM, respectively). MSG606 TFA exhibits binding affinity for A375 melanoma cells in vitro. MSG606 TFA reverses the induced hyperalgesia in female mice, with no effect in male mice.
MS9427 TFA is a potent PROTAC EGFR degrader with Kds of 7.1 nM and 4.3 nM for EGFR WT and EGFR L858R, respectively. MS9427 TFA selectively degrades the mutant but not the WT EGFR through both the ubiquitin/proteasome system (UPS) and autophagy/lysosome pathways. MS9427 TFA potently inhibits the proliferation of NSCLC cells. MS9427 TFA can be used for researching anticancer .
MANS peptide TFA is the TFA salt form of MANS peptide (HY-P10218). MANS peptide TFA is an inhibitor for myristoylated alanine-rich C kinase substrate (MARCKS), which competes with MARCKS in cells for membrane binding, and thus inhibits the stimulation of mucin secretion and tumor metastasis .
Neuropeptide S(Mouse) TFA is a potent endogenous neuropeptide S receptor (NPSR) agonist (EC50=3 nM). Neuropeptide S(Mouse) TFA induces mobilization of intracellular Ca 2+. Neuropeptide S(Mouse) TFA increases locomotor activity and wakefulness in mice. Neuropeptide S(Mouse) TFA also reduces anxiety-like behavior in mice.
Semaglutide TFA, a long-acting GLP-1 analogue, is a glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonist. Semaglutide TFA has the potential for type 2 diabetes treatment.
PAR-4 Agonist Peptide, amide TFA (PAR-4-AP TFA; AY-NH2 TFA) is a proteinase-activated receptor-4 (PAR-4) agonist, which has no effect on either PAR-1 or PAR-2 and whose effects are blocked by a PAR-4 antagonist .
CTAP TFA is a potent, highly selective, and BBB penetrant μ opioid receptor antagonist, with an IC50 of 3.5 nM. CTAP TFA displays over 1200-fold selectivity over δ opioid (IC50=4500 nM) and somatostatin receptors. CTAP TFA can be used for the study of L-DOPA-induced dyskinesia (LID) and opiate overdose or addiction .
Valganciclovir-d5 (TFA) is the deuterium labeled Valganciclovir TFA[1]. Valganciclovir, the L-valyl ester of ganciclovir, is actually a proagent for ganciclovir. Valganciclovir is an antiviral medication used to treat cytomegalovirus infections[2][3][4].
Conantokin G TFA, a 17-amino-acid peptide, is a potent, selective and competitive antagonist of N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptors. Conantokin G TFA inhibits NMDA-evoked currents in murine cortical neurons with an IC50 of 480 nM. Conantokin G TFA has neuroprotective properties .
VU0364572 TFA is an orally active and selective allosteric agonist of the M1 muscarinic receptor with an EC50 of 0.11 μM. VU0364572 TFA has neuroprotective potential for preventing memory impairments and reducing neuropathology in Alzheimer’s Disease. VU0364572 TFA is CNS penetrant .
ATX-II TFA is a specific Na + channel Modulator toxin that can be isolated from the venom of sea anemone (Anemonia sulcata). ATX-II TFA causes delayed inactivation of the Na +TFA sensitizes skeletal muscle to Halothane (HY-B1010), Caffeine, and Ryanodine (HY-103306). ATX-II TFA also induces pulmonary vein arrhythmogenesis and atrial fibrillation .
Galnon TFA is a selective and non-peptide agonist of galanin GAL1 and GAL2 receptor, with Kis of 11.7 and 34.1 μM respectively. Galnon TFA exhibits anticonvulsant and anxiolytic effects .
Norleual TFA, an angiotensin (Ang) IV analog, is a hepatocyte growth factor (HGF)/c-Met inhibitor with an IC50 of 3 pM. Norleual TFA is an AT4 receptor antagonist and exhibits potent antiangiogenic activities .
Claramine TFA is a steroidal polyamine. Claramine TFA can regulate the properties of lipid membranes and protect cells from various biological toxins, including misfolded protein oligomers and toxins derived from biological proteins .
Thanatin TFA is an inducible cationic antimicrobial peptide. Thanatin TFA s a pathogen-inducible single-disulfide-bond-containing β-hairpin AMP. Thanatin TFA displays broad-spectrum activity against both Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria as well as against various species of fungi with MICs of 0.3-40 µM, 0.6-40 µM and 0.6-20 µM, respectively. Thanatin TFA has the property of competitive replacement of divalent cations from bacterial outer membrane (OM), leading to OM disruption .
SAR441255 TFA is a potent unimolecular peptide GLP-1/GIP/GCG receptor triagonist. SAR441255 TFA displays high potency with balanced activation of all three target receptors. SAR441255 TFA shows positive acute glucoregulatory effectss in diabetic obese monkeys .
Malantide TFA is a synthetic dodecapeptide derived from the site phosphorylated by cAMP-dependent protein kinase (PKA) on the β-subunit of phosphorylase kinase. Malantide TFA is a highly specific substrate for PKA with a Km of 15 μM and shows protein inhibitor (PKI) inhibition >90% substrate phosphorylation in various rat tissue extracts . Malantide TFA is also an efficient substrate for PKC with a Km of 16 μM .
Gap19 TFA, a peptide derived from nine amino acids of the Cx43 cytoplasmic loop (CL), is a potent and selective connexin 43 (Cx43) hemichannel blocker. Gap19 TFA inhibits hemichannels caused by preventing intramolecular interactions of the C-terminus (CT) with the CL. Gap19 TFA is not blocking GJ channels or Cx40/pannexin-1 hemichannels. Gap19 TFA has protective effects against myocardial .
CALP1 TFA is a calmodulin (CaM) agonist (Kd of 88 µM) with binding to the CaM EF-hand/Ca 2+-binding site. CALP1 TFA blocks calcium influx and apoptosis (IC50 of 44.78 µM) through inhibition of calcium channel opening. CALP1 TFA blocks glutamate receptor channels and blocks a store-operated nonselective cation channel. CALP1 TFA activates CaM-dependent phosphodiesterase activity .
NFF-3 TFA, the peptide, is a selective MMP substrate. NFF-3 TFA selectively binds to MMP-3 and MMP-10 to be hydrolyzed. NFF-3 TFA is also cleaved by trypsin, hepatocyte growth factor activator, and factor Xa. Label NFF-3 TFA with a CyDye pair, Cy3/Cy5Q, can produce fluorescence in cell assays to detect cell activity .
Iberiotoxin (TFA) is a selective high conductance high conductance Ca 2+-activated K + channel inhibitor with a Kd of ~1 nM. Iberiotoxin (TFA) does not block other types of voltage-dependent ion channels .
Apraglutide TFA (FE 203799 TFA), a synthetic 33-amino-acid peptide and a long-acting GLP-2 analogue, enhances adaptation and linear intestinal growth in a neonatal piglet model of short bowel syndrome with total resection of the ileum .
BeKm-1 TFA is a potent and selective KV11.1 (hERG) channel blocker. BeKm-1 TFA is selective for KV11.1 over a panel of 14 other potassium channels. BeKm-1 TFA dose-dependently prolongs QTc interval in isolated rabbit heart.
SMD-3040 TFA is a selective degrader of SMARCA2. SMD-3040 TFA contains SMARCA2/4 ligands, linker and VHL ligands and can be used for PROTAC drug synthesis. SMD-3040 TFA exhibits strong tumor growth inhibition in tumor xenograft models .
Cys-Pexiganan TFA is an amphiphilic antimicrobial peptide. Cys-Pexiganan TFA exhibits antibacterial activities against Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, with MIC of 16 μg/mL and 64.0 μg/mL. Cys-Pexiganan TFA interacts with anionic phospholipids and DNA of microbial cell membranes, disintegrates the cells and leads to cell death .
Urotensin II, mouse TFA is an endogenous ligand for the orphan G-protein-coupled receptor GPR14 or SENR. Urotensin II, mouse TFA is a potent vasoconstrictor. Urotensin II, mouse TFA plays a physiological role in the central nervous system .
CD31 (PECAM-1) TFA is platelet endothelial cell adhesion molecule-1, serves as the endothelial cell-specific receptor of clostridium perfringens b-Toxin (CPB). CD31 TFA is also an ER-MP12 antigen, acts as a linker between mechanical stress, metabolism and inflammation. CD31 TFA peptide is able to sustain phosphorylation of the CD31 ITIM686 and of SHP2 and to inhibit TCR-induced T-cell activation - .
LY117018 TFA, a Raloxifene analog, is a selective estrogen receptor modulator. LY117018 TFA exerts antiproliferative effects on breast cancer cell lines .
Cho-Arg TFA is a steroid-based cationic lipid with an L-Arginine headgroup. Cho-Arg TFA shows a remarkably high optimized plasmid DNA transfection efficacy .
Pyridinium bisretinoid A2E (A2E) TFA is a fluorophore that can be isolated from lipofuscin in the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE). Pyridinium bisretinoid A2E TFA is an initiator of blue-light-induced apoptosis. Photoactivation of Pyridinium bisretinoid A2E TFA mediates autophagy and the production of reactive oxygen species. Pyridinium bisretinoid A2E TFA can be used in the study of retinal degenerative diseases .
Teduglutide TFA is a dipeptidyl peptidase IV resistant glucagon-like peptide 2 (GLP-2) analogue. Teduglutide TFA can activate the expression of nuclear receptor subfamily 4 group a member 1 (NR4a1)/nur77 and intestinal FXR signaling in human hepatic stellate cells, thereby improving liver inflammation and fibrosis in mice with sclerosing cholangitis. Teduglutide TFA can alleviate intestinal dysfunction in mice, improve lung injury, alleviate obesity related neuroinflammation and cell apoptosis .
TP508 TFA is a 23-amino acid nonproteolytic thrombin peptide that represents a portion of the receptor-binding domain of thrombin molecule. TP508 TFA activates endothelial NO synthase (eNOS) and stimulates production of NO in human endothelial cells. TP508 TFA activates endothelial cells and stem cells to revascularize and regenerate tissues .
NP213 TFA is a rapidly acting, novel, first-in-class synthetic antimicrobial peptide (AMP), has anti-fungal activities. NP213 TFA targets the fungal cytoplasmic membrane and plays it role via membrane perturbation and disruption. NP213 TFA is effective and well-tolerated in resolving nail fungal infections .
UFP-101 TFA is a potent, selective, and competitive antagonist of the N/OFQ peptide (NOP) receptor, with a pKi of 10.24. UFP-101 TFA displays >3000-fold selectivity over δ, μ and κ opioid receptors. UFP-101 TFA shows antidepressant-like effect .
6bK TFA is a potent and selective insulin degrading enzyme (IDE) inhibitor with an IC50 value of 50 nM. 6bK TFA increases circulating insulin in high-fat-fed mice. Acute administration of 6bK TFA enhances glucose tolerance to oral glucose, notably to a greater extent in high-fat-fed mice .
Colivelin TFA is a brain penetrant neuroprotective peptide and a potent activator of STAT3, suppresses neuronal death by activating STAT3?in vitro . Colivelin TFA exhibits long-term beneficial effects against neurotoxicity, Aβ deposition, neuronal apoptosis, and synaptic plasticity deficits in neurodegenerative disease . Colivelin TFA has the potential for the treatment of alzheimer's disease and ischemic brain injury .
REDV TFA is the minimal active sequence within the CS5 site of the alternatively spliced type III connecting segment (IIICS) region of fibronectin. REDV TFA can mediate adhesion to the IIICS region of plasma fibronectin by binding the integrin alpha 4 beta 1(α4β1). REDV TFA can be used for the research of cell adhesion .
Bac2A TFA is an antimicrobial and immunomodulatory peptide. Bac2A TFA is a linear variant of bactenecin and is very effective against fungal pathogens.
ANQ-11125 TFA is a potent and selective antagonist of motilin, with the pKd of 8.24. ANQ-11125 TFA blocks motilide-induced contractions in vitro in the rabbit .
F-Amidine TFA is a Protein arginine deiminase 4 (PAD4) inhibitor. F-Amidine TFA can be used in the study of inflammatory and immune system diseases (such as rheumatoid arthritis) .
Maleimide-NOTA (TFA)is a bifunctional chelator (Bifunctional Chelator; BFC) and a macrocyclic NOTA derivative used for tumor pre-targeting. Maleimide-NOTA (TFA) can be used for conjugation of peptides and radionuclides.
Targaprimir-96 TFA is a potent inhibitor of microRNA-96 (miR-96) processing. Targaprimir-96 TFA selectively modulates miR-96 production in cancer cells and triggers apoptosis. Targaprimir-96 TFA binds primary miR-96 (pri-miR-96) with low nanomolar affinity. Targaprimir-96 TFA directly engages pri-miR-96 in breast cancer cells and is ineffective on healthy breast cells .
PF15 TFA is a PROTAC connected by ligands for FLT3 kinase and CRBN. PF15 TFA is a high selective FLT3-ITD degrader，with a DC50 of 76.7 nM. PF15 TFA significantly inhibits the proliferation of FLT3-ITD-positive cells，can down-regulate the phosphorylation of FLT3 and STAT5. PF15 TFA also inhibits tumor growth in mouse models and can be used in study of leukemia .
Dynorphin A TFA is an endogenous opioid peptide involved in inhibitory neurotransmission in the central nervous system (CNS). Dynorphin A TFA is a highy potent kappa opioid receptor (KOR) agonist, and is also an agonist for other opioid receptors, such as mu (MOR) and delta (DOR). Dynorphin A TFA can induce neuronal death, and can be used in the research of neurological disease .
Hemopressin(rat) TFA is a nonapeptide derived from the α1-chain of hemoglobin, is originally isolated from rat brain homogenates. Hemopressin(rat) TFA is orally active, selective and inverse agonist of CB1 cannabinoid receptors. Hemopressin(rat) TFA exerts antinociceptive action in inflammatory pain models .
TCMDC-135051 TFA is a highly selective and potent protein kinase PfCLK3 inhibitor with low off-target toxicity. TCMDC-135051 TFA prevents trophozoite-to-schizont transition, disrupts transcription and reduces transmission to the mosquito vector. TCMDC-135051 TFA has antiparasiticidal activity (EC50=320 nM) .
LAH4 TFA, an alpha-helix of the designed amphipathic peptide antibiotic, exhibits potent antimicrobial, nucleic acid transfection and cell penetration activities. LAH4 TFA possesses high plasmid DNA delivery capacities. LAH4 TFA has a strong affinity for anionic lipids found in the outer membrane of bacterial membranes .
Gramicidin A (TFA) is a peptide component of gramicidin, an antibiotic mixture originally isolated from B. brevis. Gramicidin A (TFA) is a highly hydrophobic channel-forming ionophore that forms channels in model membranes that are permeable to monovalent cations. Gramicidin A (TFA) induces degradation of hypoxia inducible factor 1 α (HIF-1α) .
11R-VIVIT TFA is a cell-permeable nuclear factor of activated T cells (NFAT) inhibitor. 11R-VIVIT TFA can be used for the research of podocyte and diabetic nephropathy .
Ala-Ala-Phe-AMC TFA is the TFA salt form for Ala-Ala-Phe-AMC. Ala-Ala-Phe-AMC TFA is a fluorogenic substrate, which is used to for tripeptidyl peptidase II (TPPII) activity determination .
Dabcyl-KTSAVLQSGFRKME-Edans TFA is a fluorogenic peptide. Dabcyl-KTSAVLQSGFRKME-Edans TFA is used as the substrate to measure the enzymatic activities of protease forms. Dabcyl-KTSAVLQSGFRKME-Edans TFA has the potential for study 2019-nCoV (COVID-19) infection .
SYNV-cyclo(CGGYF) TFA is a Staphylococcus hominis (S. hominis) C5 autoinducing peptide. SYNV-cyclo(CGGYF) TFA inhibits S. aureus activity. SYNV-cyclo(CGGYF) TFA has the potential for the research of S. aureus-mediated epithelial damage and inflammation .
Saralasin ([Sar1,Ala8] Angiotensin II) TFA is an octapeptide analog of angiotensin II. Saralasin TFA is a competitive angiotensin II receptor antagonist with a Ki value of 0.32 nM for 74% of the binding sites, and has partial agonist activity as well. Saralasin TFA can be used for the research of renovascular hypertension, renin-dependent (angiotensinogenic) hypertension .
Ac-FEID-CMK TFA is a potent zebrafish-specific GSDMEb-derived peptide inhibitor.
Ac-FEID-CMK TFA can attenuate the mortality and kidney injury during septic shock. Ac-FEID-CMK TFA inhibits pyroptosis and attenuates septic AKI (acute kidney injury) in vivo. Ac-FEID-CMK TFA can suppress the caspy2-mediated noncanonical inflammasome pathway .
QTX125 TFA is a potent and highly selective HDAC6 inhibitor. QTX125 TFA exhibits excellent selectivity over other HDACs. QTX125 has antitumor effects .
Bio-AMS (TFA) is a potent bacterial biotin protein ligase inhibitor. Bio-AMS (TFA) possesses selective activity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) and arrests fatty acid and lipid biosynthesis .
MS15 TFA is a potent and selective AKT PROTAC degrader. MS15 TFA inhibits the AKT1, -2, and -3 activities, with IC50 values of 798 nM, 90 nM, and 544 nM, respectively .
GD-9501-TFA is an auristatin S-based ADC linker with effective off-target toxicity characteristics, which can be used for the preparation of antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) .
MM-102 TFA (HMTase Inhibitor IX TFA) is a potent WDR5/MLL interaction inhibitor, achieves IC50 = 2.4 nM with an estimated Ki < 1 nM in WDR5 binding assay, which is >200 times more potent than the ARA peptide.
NN1177 (NNC9204-1177) TFA is a long-acting GLP-1/glucagon receptor co-agonist. NN1177 TFA can induce a dose-dependent body weight loss in diet-induced obese (DIO) mice .
Liraglutide- 13C5, 15N (tetraTFA)is the 13C and 15N labeledLiraglutide(HY-P0014) . Liraglutide is a glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonist used clinically to treat type 2 diabetes mellitus .
Hemokinin 1, human TFA is a selective tachykinin neurokinin 1 (NK1) receptor full agonist. Hemokinin 1, human TFA is a full agonist at NK2 and NK3 receptor. Hemokinin 1, human TFA can produces an opioid-independent analgesia .
Neuropeptide S(Rat) TFA is a potent endogenous neuropeptide S receptor (NSPR) agonist (EC50=3.2 nM). Neuropeptide S(Rat) TFA increases locomotor activity and wakefulness in mice. Neuropeptide S(Rat) TFA also reduces anxiety-like behavior in mice.
Amylin (IAPP), feline TFA is a 37-amino acid polypeptide from feline. Amylin (IAPP), feline TFA is one of the major secretory products of β-cells of the pancreatic islets. Amylin (IAPP), feline TFA is a regulatory peptide, which inhibits insulin and glucagon secretion .
Cn2 toxin TFA (β-Mammal toxin Cn2 TFA) is a single-chain β-scorpion neurotoxic peptide that is the main toxin in scorpion venom. Cn2 toxin (TFA) specifically targets mammalian voltage-gated sodium channels (VGSC) Nav1.6 .
Orexin B, rat, mouse (Rat orexin B) TFA is an endogenous orexin receptor agonist. Orexin B, rat, mouse TFA binds and activates two closely related orphan G protein-coupled receptors OX1-R and OX2-R. Orexin B, rat, mouse TFA stimulates food intake and energy expenditure and plays a significant role in sleep-wakefulness regulation .
TC14012 TFA, a serum-stable derivative of T140, is a selective and peptidomimetic CXCR4 antagonist with an IC50 of 19.3 nM. TC14012 TFA is a potent CXCR7 agonist with an EC50 of 350 nM for recruiting β-arrestin 2 to CXCR7. TC14012 TFA has anti-HIV activity and anti-cancer activity .
CCZ01048 TFA, a α-MSH analogue, exhibits high binding affinity to melanocortin 1 receptor (MC1R) with a Ki of 0.31 nM. CCZ01048 TFA shows rapid internalization into B16F10 melanoma cells and high in vivo stability. CCZ01048 TFA is a promising candidate for PET imaging of malignant melanoma .
Cyclotraxin B TFA, a cyclic peptide, is a highly potent and selective TrkB inhibitor without altering the binding of BDNF. Cyclotraxin B TFA non-competitively inhibits BDNF-induced TrkB activity with an IC50 of 0.30 nM. Cyclotraxin B TFA can crosse the blood-brain-barrier and has analgesic and anxiolytic-like behavioral effects .
CP-547632 TFA is an orally active, ATP-competitive and potent VEGFR-2 and FGF kinases inhibitor with IC50s of 11 nM and 9 nM, respectively. CP-547632 TFA is selective for VEGFR2 and bFGF over EGFR, PDGFRβ, and related tyrosine kinases (TKs). CP-547632 TFA has antitumor efficacy .
740 Y-P TFA is a potent and cell-permeable PI3K activator. 740 Y-P TFA readily binds GST fusion proteins containing both the N- and C- terminal SH2 domains of p85 but fails to bind GST alone .
Cecropin A TFA is a linear 37-residue antimicrobial polypeptide isolated from Hyalaphora cecropia pupae. Cecropin A TFA exhibits anti-bacterial, anti-inflammatory and anti-cancer activity .
VPM peptide TFA is a dithiol protease-cleavable peptide cross-linker. VPM peptide TFA can be incorporated into the backbone of the PEG-diacrylate (PEG-DA) macromer to form PEG hydrogel .
TCMCB07 TFA, a cyclic nonapeptide peptide, is an orally active and brain-penetrant melanocortin receptor 4 (MC4R) antagonist. TCMCB07 TFA plays an important role in cachexia .
Guangxitoxin 1E TFA is the TFA salt form of Guangxitoxin 1E (HY-P1427). Guangxitoxin 1E TFA is a peptide toxin and a selective inhibitor for voltage-gated potassium channel KV2.1 and KV2.2 with IC50 of 1-3 nM. Guangxitoxin 1E TFA enhances glucose-stimulated intracellular calcium ion oscillations and increases insulin secretion in a glucose-dependent manner .
Cyclosomatostatin TFA is a potent somatostatin (SST) receptor antagonist. Cyclosomatostatin TFA can inhibit somatostatin receptor type 1 (SSTR1) signaling and decreases cell proliferation, ALDH+ cell population size and sphere-formation in colorectal cancer (CRC) cells .
SLF TFA is a synthetic ligand for FK506-binding protein (FKBP) with an affinity of 3.1 μM for FKBP51 and an IC50 of 2.6 μM for FKBP12. SLF TFA can be used in the synthesis of PROTAC .
Ac-DEVD-CMK (Caspase-3 Inhibitor III) TFA is a selective and irreversible caspase-3 inhibitor. Ac-DEVD-CMK TFA significantly inhibits apoptosis induced by high levels of glucose or 3,20-dibenzoate (IDB; HY-137295). Ac-DEVD-CMK TFA can be used in a variety of experimental approaches to inhibit apoptosis .
D-GsMTx4 TFA, a spider peptide, is the D-enantiomer of GsMTx4 (HY-P1410). D-GsMTx4 TFA inhibits the mechanosensitive ion channel Piezo2. D-GsMTx4 TFA can be used for research of mechanical stress .
Survodutide (BI 456906) TFA is a potent, selective glucagon receptor/GLP-1 receptor (GCGR/GLP-1R) dual agonist with EC50s of 0.52 nM and 0.33 nM in CHO-K1 cells, respectively. Survodutide TFA, a 29-amino-acid peptide, is a potent acylated peptide containing a C18 fatty acid. Survodutide TFA has robust anti-obesity efficacy achieved by increasing energy expenditure and decreasing food intake .
Arg-Gly-Asp-Ser (TFA) is an integrin binding sequence that inhibits integrin receptor function. Arg-Gly-Asp-Ser (TFA) directly and specifically bind pro-caspase-8, pro-caspase-9 and pro-caspase-3, while it does not bind pro-caspase-1 .
Margatoxin TFA, an alpha-KTx scorpion toxin, is a high affinity inhibitor of Kv1.3 (Kd=11.7 pM). Margatoxin TFA inhibits the Kv1.2 (Kd=6.4 pM) and Kv1.1 (Kd=4.2 nM). Margatoxin TFA, a 39 amino-acid-long peptide, is isolated from the venom of the scorpion Centruroides margaritatus and widely used in ion channel research .
Amylin, amide, human TFA, a 37-amino acid polypeptide, is a pancreatic hormone cosecreted with insulin that exerts unique roles in metabolism and glucose homeostasis. Amylin, amide, human TFA inhibits glucagon secretion, delays gastric emptying, and acts as a satiety agent .
Nociceptin (1-7) TFA is the N-terminal bioactive fragment of nociceptin (HY-P0183). Nociceptin (1-7) TFA is a potent ORL1 (NOP) receptor agonist with antinociceptive activity. Nociceptin (1-7) TFA combines with nociceptin reduces hyperalgesia in vivo .
Caerin 1.1 TFA is a host defense peptide isolated from the glandular secretions of the Australian tree frog Litoria. Caerin 1.1 TFA inhibits HeLa cell proliferation and mediates apoptosis. Caerin 1.1 TFA may enhance adaptive T cell immune responses .
PHF6 (VQIVYK) TFA is a self-assembly sequence capable of initiating the full-length tau protein aggregation. PHF6 TFA is mapped to the third microtubule-binding repeat region of the tau protein .
Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) TFA is a polypeptide tropic hormone produced by the anterior pituitary gland. Adrenocorticotropic hormone regulates cortisol and androgen production .
RGD peptide (GRGDNP) TFA is an inhibitor of integrin-ligand interactions. RGD peptide (GRGDNP) TFA competitively inhibits α5β1 binding with extracellular matrice (ECM). RGD peptide (GRGDNP) TFA promotes apoptosis through activation of conformation changes that enhance pro-caspase-3 activation and autoprocessing. RGD peptide (GRGDNP) TFA plays an important role in cell adhesion, migration, growth, and differentiation .
DOTA.SA.FAPi TFA is a bifunctional DATA5m and DOTA chelator, which is composed of the squaric acid and UAMC1110. DOTA.SA.FAPi TFA inhibits fibroblast activation protein (FAP) with an IC50 of 0.9 nM. DOTA.SA.FAPi TFA targets protease PREP with an IC50 of 5.4 μM. DOTA.SA.FAPi TFA can be used a PET tracer, when labeled with 68Ga, and used for research about cancer .
Obestatin(rat) TFA, encoded by the Ghrelin gene, is a cpeptide, comprised of 23 amino acids. Obestatin(rat) TFA suppresses food intake, inhibits jejunal contraction, and decreases body-weight gain. Obestatin is an endogenous ligand of G-protein coupled receptor 39 (GPR39). Obestatin(rat) TFA has anti-inflammatory, anti-myocardial infarction and antioxidant activities .
RVD-Hpα TFA is the N-terminally extended form of human hemopressin that acts as a selective CB1 receptor agonist. RVD-Hpα TFA increases intracellular Ca 2+ levels in cells expressing CB1 receptors in vitro. RVD-Hpα TFA also high affinity CB2 positive allosteric modulator (Ki=50 nM).
L-803087 TFA is a potent and selective somatostatin sst4 receptor agonist with a Ki of 0.7 nM. L-803087 TFA is >280-fold more selective for sst4 receptor than other somatostatin receptors. L-803087 TFA facilitates AMPA-mediated hippocampal synaptic responses in vitro and increases kainate-induced seizures in mice .
TPP-1 TFA is a potent inhibitor of the PD-1/PD-L1 interaction. TPP-1 TFA binds specifically to PD-L1 with a high affinity (KD=95 nM). TPP-1 TFA inhibits human tumor growth in vivo via reactivating T-cell function .
Ianthelliformisamine A TFA is an antibiotic enhancer with activity against resistant Gram-negative bacteria. Ianthelliformisamine A TFA exhibits bactericidal activity against Staphylococcus aureus with an IC50 value of 3.8 μM (minimum inhibitory concentration = 25 μM). The biological activity of Ianthelliformisamine A TFA is derived from the structural variation of its synthetic derivatives and its coupling reaction with different amino ester derivatives .
IGF-I (24-41) (Insulin-like Growth Factor I (24-41)) TFA is amino acids 24 to 41 fragment of IGF-I. IGF-I TFA, a 70 aa polypeptide hormone, is a trophic factor for both neurons and glial cells. IGF-I TFA is partly responsible for systemic growth hormone (GH) activities. IGF-I TFA has anabolic, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and cytoprotective actions. IGF-I (24-41) TFA regulates somatic growth and behavioral development .
PARL-IN-1 TFA is a potent PARL inhibitor with an IC50 value of 28 nM. PARL-IN-1 TFA inhibits PARL and leads to a robust activation of the PINK1/Parkin pathway. PARL-IN-1 TFA promotes PINK1/Parkin-dependent mitophagy .
fStAx-35R TFA is the hydrocarbon-stapled peptide. fStAx-35R TFA inhibits Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway by disrupting the β-catenin-TCF interaction. fStAx-35R TFA can be used in cancer research .
Dendrotoxin K TFA is a Kv1.1 channel blocker. Dendrotoxin K TFA determines glutamate release in CA3 neurons in a time-dependent manner through the control of the presynaptic spike waveform .
Dendrotoxin-I (DTX-I) TFA is a potent K + channel blocker with IC50s of 0.13-50 nM for voltage-gated potassium channel subunits KV1.1, KV1.2 and KV1.6. Dendrotoxin-I TFA, a neurotoxin, has the potential for cancer research .
TRV120027 TFA, a β-arrestin-1-biased agonist of the angiotensin II receptor type 1 (AT1R), engages ß-arrestins while blocking G-protein signaling . TRV120027 TFA induces acute catecholamine secretion through cation channel subfamily C3 (TRPC3) coupling, promotes the formation of a macromolecular complex composed of AT1R–β-arrestin-1–TRPC3–PLCγ at the plasma membrane. TRV120027 TFA inhibits angiotensin II–mediated vasoconstriction and increases cardiomyocyte contractility. TRV120027 TFA has the potential for the acute decompensated heart failure (ADHF) treatment .
Kisspeptin 13 TFA is the TFA salt form of Kisspeptin 13 (HY-P3641). Kisspeptin-13 TFA inhibits glucose-induced insulin secretion with an IC50 of 1.2 nM. Kisspeptin 13 TFA activates the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis, causes hyperthermia, motor behavior and anxiety in rats. Kisspeptin 13 TFA interacts with α2-adrenergic and 5-HT2 serotonin receptors, exhibits antidepressant efficacy. Kisspeptin 13 TFA is an activator for GPR54 and GnRH receptor, which enhances memory and can be used in Alzheimer's disease research .
P4pal10 TFA is the TFA salt form of P4pal10 (HY-P5875). P4pal10 TFA is an antagonist for protease-activated receptor 4 (PAR4). P4pal10 TFA inhibits the platelet aggregation, inhibits tissue factor (TF)-induced thrombin generation, and exhibits anticoagulant and antithrombotic activities. P4pal10 TFA reduces the oedema and the granulocyte infiltration induced by Carrageenan (HY-125474). P4pal10 TFA ameliorates the injury in rats myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) models .
Hepcidin-1 (mouse) TFA is an endogenous peptide hormone involved in the regulation of iron homeostasis. Hepcidin-1 (mouse) TFA upregulates mRNA levels of TRAP, cathepsin K, and MMP-9 and increases TRAP-5b protein secretion. Hepcidin-1 (mouse) TFA downregulates the level of FPN1 protein and increases intracellular iron. Hepcidin-1 (mouse) TFA facilitates osteoclast differentiation .
Transdermal Peptide Disulfide TFA (TD 1 Disulfide(peptide) TFA) is a 11-amino acid peptide, binds to Na +/K +-ATPase beta-subunit (ATP1B1), and mainly interacts with the C-terminus of ATP1B1. Transdermal Peptide Disulfide TFA can enhance the transdermal delivery of many macromolecules .
NLS-StAx-h TFA is a selective, cell permeable, stapled peptide Wnt signaling inhibitor with an IC50 of 1.4 μM. NLS-StAx-h TFA efficiently inhibits β-catenin-transcription factor interactions. NLS-StAx-h TFA shows anti-proliferation of cancer cells .
Bz-Ala-Arg TFA is a dipeptide. Bz-Ala-Arg TFA is also a spectrophotometric substrate (0.4 M pyridine formate, pH 4.25) of human pancreatic carboxypeptidase B and plasma carboxypeptidase N. Bz-Ala-Arg TFA can be used to screen competitive inhibitors of these two enzymes .
Tubastatin A (TSA) TFA is a potent and selective?HDAC6?inhibitor with?IC50?of 15 nM in a cell-free assay, and is selective (1000-fold more) against all other isozymes except HDAC8 (57-fold more). Tubastatin A TFA also inhibits HDAC10 and metallo-β-lactamase domain-containing protein?2 (MBLAC2).
Apelin-13 TFA is an endogenous ligand for the G-protein coupled receptor angiotensin II protein J (APJ), activating this G protein-coupled receptor with an EC 50 value of 0.37 nM. Apelin-13 TFA has vasodilatory and antihypertensive effects. Apelin-13 TFA also can be used for researching type 2 diabetes and metabolic syndrome .
JPS014 TFA is a benzamide-based Von Hippel-Lindau (VHL) E3-ligase proteolysis targeting chimeras (PROTAC). JPS014 TFA degrades class I histone deacetylase (HDAC). JPS014 TFA is potent HDAC1/2 degrader correlated with greater total differentially expressed genes and enhanced apoptosis in HCT116 cells .
COG 133 TFA is a fragment of Apolipoprotein E (APOE) peptide. COG 133 TFA competes with the ApoE holoprotein for binding the LDL receptor, with potent anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective effects. COG 133 TFA is also a nAChR antagonist with an IC50 of 445 nM .
ACHN-975 TFA is a selective LpxC inhibitor and exhibits a subnanomolar LpxC inhibitory activity. ACHN-975 TFA is against a wide range of gram-negative bacterias with low MIC values (≤1 μg/mL) .
GLP-2(rat) TFA is an intestinal growth factor. GLP-2(rat) TFA stimulates cell proliferation and inhibits apoptosis. GLP-2(rat) TFA enhances mucosal mass and function in residual small intestine after massive small bowel resection (MSBR) .
Hemopressin TFA is a nonapeptide derived from the α1-chain of hemoglobin, is originally isolated from rat brain homogenates. Hemopressin TFA is orally active, selective and inverse agonist of CB1 cannabinoid receptors. Hemopressin TFA exerts antinociceptive action in inflammatory pain models .
Nampt-IN-10 TFA (compound 4) is a Nicotinamide Phosphoribosyltransferase (NAMPT) inhibitor. Nampt-IN-10 TFA shows cellular potency to A2780 and CORL23 cells lines with IC50s of 5 and 19 nM, respectively. Nampt-IN-10 TFA can be used as a novel non-antimitotic payload for ADCs .
RS 09 TFA is a TLR4 agonist. RS 09 TFA promotes NF-κB nuclear translocation and induces inflammatory cytokine secretion in RAW264.7 macrophages in vitro. RS 09 TFA acts as an adjuvant in vivo; RS 09 TFA enhances X-15 specific antibody serum concentrations, when administered with X-15-KLH in mice.
LL-37 FK-13 TFA is the TFA salt form of LL-37 FK-13 (HY-P4836). LL-37 FK-13 TFA is an antimicrobial agent, that inhibits Trichomonas vaginalis. LL-37 FK-13 TFA exhibits minimal hemolytic effects on human erythrocytes and low cytotoxicity to human fibroblasts .
MIP-1095 (RPS-001) TFA is a potent inhibitor of PSMA with good biodistribution and efficient targeting of tumor lesions. In applications, MIP-1095 TFA will be isotopically labeled ( 131I labeled) as an imaging probe to indicate tumor progression. And 131I-MIP-1095 showed higher renal uptake in mice .
AMY-101 TFA (Cp40 TFA), a peptidic inhibitor of the central complement component C3 (KD = 0.5 nM), inhibits naturally occurring periodontitis in non-human primates (NHPs). AMY-101 (Cp40) exhibits a favorable anti-inflammatory activity in models with COVID-19 severe pneumonia with systemic hyper inflammation .
α-CGRP(human) TFA is a regulatory neuropeptide of 37 amino acids. α-CGRP(human) is widely distributed in the central and peripheral nervous system. α-CGRP(human) TFA is a potent vasodilator .
UNC8153 TFA is a potent and selective nuclear receptor-binding SET domain-containing 2 (NSD2)-targeted degrader with a Kd of 24 nM. UNC8153 TFA reduces the cellular levels of both NSD2 protein and the H3K36me2 chromatin mark. UNC8153 TFA contains a simple warhead that confers proteasome-dependent degradation of NSD2 .
CTCE-9908 TFA is a potent and selective CXCR4 antagonist. CTCE-9908 TFA induces mitotic catastrophe, cytotoxicity and inhibits migration in CXCR4-expressing ovarian cancer cells .
Api137 TFA is an antimicrobial peptide that interferes with bacterial growth by inhibiting translation. Api137 TFA inhibits protein synthesis by trapping of release factors on the 70S ribosome following hydrolysis of the nascent polypeptide chain .
DOTA-LM3 TFA is a somatostatin receptor (SSTR) antagonist. LM3 refers to p-Cl-Phe- cyclo(D-Cys-Tyr-D-4-amino-Phe(carbamoyl)-Lys-Thr-Cys)D-Tyr- NH2, as well as a somatostatin antagonist. DOTA-LM3 TFA is often isotopically labeled for tracing tumors in vivo, such as 177Lu-DOTA-LM3 TFA and 68 Ga-DOTA-LM3 TFA. 68 Ga-DOTA-LM3 TFA shows favorable biodistribution, high tumor uptake, good tumor retention, and few safety concerns. 177Lu-DOTA-LM3 TFA can be used for research in DOTATOC-negative liver metastases, such as pancreatic NET and extensive tumor thrombosis .
Human growth hormone-releasing factor TFA (Growth Hormone Releasing Factor human TFA) is a hypothalamic polypeptide and stimulates GH production and release by binding to the GHRH Receptor (GHRHR) on cells in the anterior pituitary .
Cl-amidine TFA is an orally active peptidylarginine deminase (PAD) inhibitor, with IC50 values of 0.8 μM, 6.2 μM and 5.9 μM for PAD1, PAD3, and PAD4, respectively. Cl-amidine TFA induces apoptosis in cancer cells. Cl-amidine TFA induces microRNA (miR)-16 (miRNA-16, microRNA-16) expression and causes cell cycle arrest. Cl-Amidine TFA prevents histone 3 citrullination and neutrophil extracellular trap formation, and improves survival in a murine sepsis model .
MMK1 TFA is a potent and selective human formyl peptide receptor like-1 (FPRL-1/FPR2) agonist with EC50s of <2 nM and >10000 nM for FPRL-1 and FPR1, respectively. MMK1 TFA is a potent chemotactic and calcium-mobilizing agonist. MMK1 TFA potently activates phagocytic leukocytes and enhances Pertussis Toxin-sensitive production by human monocytes of proinflammatory cytokines IL-1b and IL-6. MMK1 TFA exerts anxiolytic-like activity .
AC 187 TFA is a potent and orally active amylin receptor antagonist with an IC50 of 0.48 nM and a Ki of 0.275 nM. AC 187 TFA shows more selective for amylin receptor than calcitonin and CGRP receptors. AC 187 TFA has neuroprotective effects .
Nucleoprotein (396-404) TFA is the 396 to 404 fragment of lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (LCMV). Nucleoprotein (396-404) TFA is the H-2D(b)-restricted immunodominant epitope and can be used as a molecular model of viral antigen .
TAT-Gap19 TFA, a Cx mimetic peptide, is a specific connexin43 hemichannel (Cx43 HC) inhibitor. TAT-Gap19 TFA does not inhibits the corresponding Cx43 GJCs. TAT-Gap19 TFA traverses the blood-brain barrier and alleviate liver fibrosis in mice .
ELA-11(human) TFA is a high affinity apelin receptor agonist (Ki=14 nM). ELA-11(human) TFA is a bioactive fragment of ELA-32. ELA-11(human) TFA inhibits forskolin-induced cAMP production and stimulates β-arrestin recruitment in vitro.
TRAF6 peptide TFA is a specific TRAF6-p62 inhibitor. TRAF6 peptide TFA potently abrogates NGF-dependent TrkA ubiquitination. TRAF6 peptide TFA has good research potential in neurological diseases such as alzheimer's disease (AD), parkinson's, ALS, head trauma, epilepsy and stroke .
HA Peptide (TFA) is a nine amino acids peptide derived from the human influenza hemagglutinin (HA). HA Peptide (TFA) is extensively used to isolate, purify, detect, and track the protein of interest in cell biology and biochemistry .
NCGC00138783 TFA is a selective inhibitor targeting CD47/SIRPα axis, with an IC50 of 50 μM. NCGC00138783 TFA directly blocks the interaction between CD47 and SIRPα axis .
DX600 TFA is a selective ACE2 specific inhibitor (KD: 1.3 nM), and does not cross-react with ACE. DX600 TFA exacerbates diabetes-induced cardiovascular dysfunction and the increase in cardiac and renal NOX activity .
Super-TDU (1-31) TFA is a peptide fragment of Super-TDU. Super-TDU (1-31) TFA is an inhibitor of YAP-TEAD complex. Super-TDU TFA shows potent anti-tumor activity and suppresses tumor growth in gastric cancer mouse model .
Bay 55-9837 TFA is a potent and highly selective agonist of VPAC2, with a Kd of 0.65 nM. Bay 55-9837 TFA may be a useful therapy for the research of type 2 diabetes .
(E)-UK122 TFA is the isomer of UK122 TFA. UK122 is a potent and selective urokinase-type plasminogen activator (uPA) inhibitor with an IC50 of 0.2 μM .
[Leu5]-Enkephalin TFA is a pentapeptide with morphine like properties. [Leu5]-Enkephalin TFA is a five amino acid endogenous peptide that acts as an agonist at opioid receptors.
GsMTx4 TFA is a spider venom peptide that selectively inhibits cationic-permeable mechanosensitive channels (MSCs) belonging to the Piezo and TRP channel families. GsMTx4 TFA also blocks cation-selective stretch-activated channels (SACs) , attenuates lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC)-induced astrocyte toxicity and microglial reactivity. GsMTx4 TFA is an important pharmacological tool for identifying the role of these excitatory MSCs in normal physiology and pathology .
LDV-FITC TFA, a fluorescent peptide, is a FITC-conjugated LDV peptide (HY-P2267). LDV-FITC TFA binds to the α4β1 integrin with high affinity (Kd: 0.3 nM and 12 nM for binding to U937 cells in the presence and absence of Mn 2+ respectively). LDV-FITC TFA can be used to detect α4β1 integrin affinity .
Janelia Fluor® 646 TFA (JF646 TFA), a red fluorogenic fluorescent dye, can be used in the synthesis of Janelia Fluor 646 HaloTag and SNAP-Tag ligands. JF646 TFA is used in live cell imaging experiments . Janelia Fluor® products are licensed under U.S. Pat. Nos. 9,933,417, 10,018,624 and 10,161,932 and other patents from Howard Hughes Medical Institute.
(Pro3) GIP, human TFA is an efficacious, stable and specific human GIP receptor (hGIPR) full agonist. (Pro3) GIP, human TFA has high binding affinity for human GIPR with Ki/ Kd value of 0.90 nM. (Pro3) GIP, human TFA human can be used for the research of obesity-related diabetes .
UFP-803 TFA is a potent urotensin-II receptor (UT) ligand. UFP-803 TFA has lower residual agonist activity, so it may be an important tool for the investigations on the role played by the UT system in physiology and pathology .
Pep2m, myristoylated TFA (Myr-Pep2m TFA) is a cell-permeable peptide. Pep2m, myristoylated TFA can disrupt the protein kinase ζ (PKMζ) downstream targets, N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive factor/glutamate receptor subunit 2 (NSF/GluR2) interactions. PKMζ is an autonomously active isozyme of protein kinase C (PKC) .
RAGE antagonist peptide TFA is an advanced glycation end products (RAGE) antagonist. RAGE antagonist peptide TFA prevents RAGE from binding with several of its most important ligands, including HMGB-1, S100P, and S100A4. RAGE antagonist peptide TFA possesses anti-tumor and anti-inflammatory activities .
PSEM 89S TFA is a selective and brain penetrant agonists for the resulting ion channels. PSEM 89S TFA is orthogonally selective for Q79G and L141F, respectively .
DOTA-NHS-ester (hexafluorophosphate TFA)is a bifunctional chelator (Bifunctional Chelator; BFC) and a macrocyclic DOTA derivative used for tumor pre-targeting. DOTA-NHS-ester (hexafluorophosphate TFA) can be used for conjugation of peptides and radionuclides.
Val-Cit-Exatecan TFA is an agent-linker conjugate for ADC. Val-Cit-Exatecan TFA is composed of a DNA topoisomerase I Exatecan (HY-13631) and a cathepsin cleavable ADC linker .
Gamma-glutamylcysteine (γ-Glutamylcysteine) TFA, an intermediate in glutathione (GSH) synthesis, is a dipeptide served as an essential cofactor for the antioxidant enzyme glutathione peroxidase (GPx). Gamma-glutamylcysteine TFA also upregulates the level of the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 and reduces the levels of the pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-1β). Gamma-glutamylcysteine TFA attenuates the changes in metalloproteinase activity in oligomeric Aβ40-treated astrocytes .
M1145 TFA, a chimeric peptide, is a selective galanin receptor type 2 (GAL2) agonist, with a Ki of 6.55 nM. M1145 TFA shows more than 90-fold higher affinity for GAL2 over GAL1 (Ki=587 nM) and a 76-fold higher affinity over GalR3 (Ki=497 nM). M1145 TFA has an additive effect on the signal transduction of galanin .
NTR 368 TFA is a peptide derived from p75 neurotrophin receptor (p75NTR) corresponding to residues 368-381 of the human receptor. NTR 368 TFA has helix forming propensity in the presence of micellar lipid. NTR 368 TFA is a potent inducer of neural apoptosis .
ELA-32(human) TFA is a potent, high affinity apelin receptor agonist (IC50=0.27 nM; Kd=0.51 nM). ELA-32(human) TFA exhibits no binding GPR15 and GPR25. ELA-32(human) TFA activates the PI3K/AKT pathway and promotes self-renewal of hESCs via cell-cycle progression and protein translation. ELA-32(human) TFA also potentiates the TGFβ pathway, priming hESCs toward the endoderm lineage. ELA-32(human) TFA stimulates angiogenesis in HUVEC cells.
Peptide5 TFA, a connexin 43 mimetic peptide, reduces animals swelling, astrogliosis, and neuronal cell death after spinal cord injury. Peptide5 TFA also inhibits NLRP3 inflammasome, and is an anti-inflammatory agent .
FTI-277 TFA is an inhibitor of farnesyl transferase (FTase); a highly potent Ras CAAX peptidomimetic which antagonizes both H- and K-Ras oncogenic signaling. FTI-277 TFA can inhibit hepatitis delta virus (HDV) infection.
β-Amyloid (12-28) (TFA) (Amyloid β-Protein (12-28) (TFA)) is a peptide fragment of β-amyloid protein (β1-42). β1-42, a 42 amino acid protein , is the major component of senile plaque cores. β-Amyloid (12-28) (TFA) shows aggregation properties. β-Amyloid (12-28) (TFA) has the potential for Alzheimer’s disease research .
Maribavir-d6 TFA (1263W94-d6 TFA; BW1263W94-d6 TFA; GW257406X-d6 TFA) is a deuterium labeled Maribavir (HY-16305). Maribavir is an orally active antiviral agent for cytomegalovirus (CMV) through inhibition of protein kinase UL97 and the following CMV DNA replication .
GPLGIAGQ TFA, a MMP2-cleavable polypeptide, is used as a stimulus-sensitive linker in both liposomal and micellar nanocarriers for MMP2-triggered tumor targeting. GPLGIAGQ TFA can be used to synthesis unique MMP2-targeted photosensitizer in photodynamic therapy (PDT) .
Difopein (TFA), a specific and competitive inhibitor of 14-3-3 protein (a highly conserved eukaryotic regulatory molecule), blocking the ability of 14-3-3 to bind to target proteins and inhibits 14-3-3/Ligand interactions. Difopein (TFA) leads to induction of apoptosis and enhances the ability of cisplatin to kill cells .
GIP, human TFA, a peptide hormone consisting of 42 amino acids, is a stimulator of glucose-dependent insulin secretion and a weak inhibitor of gastric acid secretion. GIP, human TFA acts as an incretin hormone released from intestinal K cells in response to nutrient ingestion .
Ac-WEHD-AFC TFA is a fluorogenic caspase-1 substrate. Ac-WEHD-AFC TFA can measure caspase-1 fluorogenic activity and can be used for the research of tumor and inflammation .
Maculatin 1.1 TFA is an antimicrobial peptide with an MIC against Staphylococcus aureus of 7 μM. Maculatin 1.1 TFA can perforate the bacterial membrane of Staphylococcus aureus, causing bacterial death .
HTH-01-091 TFA is a potent and selective maternal embryonic leucine zipper kinase (MELK) inhibitor, with an IC50 of 10.5 nM. HTH-01-091 TFA also inhibits PIM1/2/3, RIPK2, DYRK3, smMLCK and CLK2. HTH-01-091 TFA can be uesd for breast cancer research .
aStAx-35R TFA, a stapled peptide, antagonizes nuclear form of β-catenin and inhibits Wnt signaling. aStAx-35R TFA inhibits competitively the binding of β-catenin to TCF4. aStAx-35R TFA selectively induces growth inhibition of Wnt-dependent cancer cells .
Kisspeptin 234 TFA, is a 10 amino acid peptide as well as a kisspeptin receptor (KISS1, GPR54) antagonist. Kisspeptin 234 TFA is an analog of Kisspeptin 10 .
Cy 5 amine (Cyanine5 amine) TFA is a fluorescent dye. Cy 5 amine TFA can be used in the preparation of Cy5.5-labeled compound or polymers, which can be used for imaging cellular process and trafficking .
CALP3 TFA, a Ca 2+-like peptide, is a potent Ca 2+ channel blocker that activates EF hand motifs of Ca 2+-binding proteins. CALP3 TFA can functionally mimic increased [Ca 2+]i by modulating the activity of Calmodulin (CaM), Ca 2+ channels and pumps. CALP3 TFA has the potential in controlling apoptosis in diseases such as AIDS or neuronal loss due to ischemia .
ADH-6 TFA is a tripyridylamide compound. ADH-6 abrogates self-assembly of the aggregation-nucleating subdomain of mutant p53 DBD. ADH-6 TFA targets and dissociates mutant p53 aggregates in human cancer cells, which restores p53's transcriptional activity, leading to cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. ADH-6 TFA has the potential for the research of cancer diseases .
FAPI-2 TFA is a type of small molecule fibroblast activation protein inhibitor (FAPI) that targets the fibroblast activation protein (FAP) and has an inhibitory effect. This specific targeting ability makes FAPI-2 TFA an effective tumor imaging agent, which can be used in cancer research. FAPI-2 TFA can be used to synthesize 68Ga-FAPI-2 (a PET tracer) .
N188 TFA is a radioligand based on a bicyclic peptide backbone that targets nectin-4, a protein overexpressed in many tumors. N188 TFA can be efficiently radiolabeled to 68Ga-N188, a radioisotope suitable for positron emission tomography (PET) imaging. The development of N188 TFA and its radiolabeled form 68Ga-N188 can be used for the diagnosis and treatment of tumors such as urothelial carcinoma .
ATWLPPR Peptide TFA, a heptapeptide, acts as a selective neuropilin-1 inhibitor, inhibits VEGF165 binding to NRP-1, used in the research of angiogenesis . ATWLPPR Peptide TFA has potential in reducing the early retinal damage caused by diabetes .
Huwentoxin XVI TFA, an analgesic, is a highly reversible and selective mammalian N-type calcium channel (IC50 of ~60 nM) antagonist from Chinese tarantula Ornithoctonus huwena. Huwentoxin XVI TFA has no effect on voltagegated T-type calcium channels, potassium channels or sodium channels .
PL-017 TFA is a potent and selective μ opioid receptor agonist with an IC50 of 5.5 nM for 125I-FK 33,824 binding to μ site. PL-017 TFA produces long-lasting, reversible analgesia in rats .
C3a (70-77) TFA (Complement 3a (70-77) TFA) is an octapeptide corresponding to the COOH terminus of C3a, exhibits the specificity and 1 to 2% biologic activities of C3a .
Epinecidin-1 (Piscidin-1 (22-42)) TFA is a highly potent, multi-functional Antimicrobial Peptide (AMP) produced by Orange-spotted grouper (Epinephelus coioides). Epinecidin-1 TFA has many functional usages including antibacterial, antifungal, antiviral, antiprotozoal, anticancer, immunomodulatory, and wound healing properties .
Kisspeptin-10 (mouse, rat) TFA is a potent vasoconstrictor and inhibitor of angiogenesis. Kisspeptin-10 (mouse, rat) TFA is a ligand for the rodent kisspeptin receptor (KISS1, GPR54). Kisspeptin-10 (mouse, rat) TFA reduces Methotrexate-induced reproductive toxicity as a potential antioxidant compound .
β-CGRP, human TFA (Human β-CGRP TFA) is one of calcitonin peptides, acts via the complex of calcitonin-receptor-like receptor (CRLR) and receptor-activity-modifying protein (RAMP), with IC50s of 1 nM and 300 nM for CRLR/RAMP1 and CRLR/RAMP2 in cells .
NoxA1ds TFA is a potent and selective NADPH oxidase 1 (NOX1) inhibitor (IC50=20 nM). NoxA1ds TFA exhibits selectivity for NOX1 over NOX2, NOX4, NOX5 and xanthine oxidase. NoxA1ds TFA inhibits NOX1-derived O2- production in HT-29 human colon cancer cells. NoxA1ds TFA attenuates VEGF-induced human pulmonary artery endothelial cell migration under hypoxic conditions in vitro.
Guanylin(human) TFA, a 15-amino acid peptide, is an endogenous intestinal guanylate cyclase activator. Guanylin(human) TFA is mainly found in gastrointestinal tract which regulates electrolytead water transport in intestinal and renal epithelia through cyclic GMP-dependent mechanism .
CART(55-102)(rat) TFA is a rat satiety factor with potent appetite-suppressing activity. CART(55-102)(rat) TFA is closely associated with leptin and neuropeptide Y. CART(55-102)(rat) TFA can induces anxiety and stress-related behavior .
Biotin-β-Amyloid (1-42), human TFA (Biotin-Amyloid β-Peptide (1-42) (human) TFA) is the botin labeled β-Amyloid (1-42), human TFA (HY-P1363). β-Amyloid (1-42), human TFA is a 42-amino acid peptide which plays a key role in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer disease .
Ecallantide (DX-88) TFA is a specific recombinant plasma kallikrein inhibitor. Ecallantide inhibits the production of bradykinin. Ecallantide may be used to prevent acute attacks of angioedema .
Aminobenzenesulfonic auristatin E TFA is a agent-linker conjugate for ADC. Aminobenzenesulfonic auristatin E TFA has potent antitumor activity by using Auristatin E (a cytotoxic tubulin modifier), linked via the ADC linker Aminobenzenesulfonic .
Cyclo(-RGDfK) TFA is a potent and selective inhibitor of the αvβ3 integrin, with an IC50 of 0.94 nM . Cyclo(-RGDfK) TFA potently targets tumor microvasculature and cancer cells through the specific binding to the αvβ3 integrin on the cell surface .
L-Palmitoylcarnitine TFA, a long-chain acylcarnitine and a fatty acid metabolite, accumulates in the sarcolemma and deranges the membrane lipid environment during ischaemia. L-Palmitoylcarnitine TFA inhibits KATP channel activity, without affecting the single channel conductance, through interaction with Kir6.2 .
FTI-2153 TFA is a potent and highly selective inhibitor of farnesyltransferase (FTase), with an IC50 of 1.4 nM. FTI-2153 TFA is >3000-fold more potent at blocking H-Ras (IC50, 10 nM) than Rap1A processing. Anti-cancer activity .
DynaMin inhibitory peptide, myristoylated TFA is a DynaMin inhibitor to interfere with the binding of amphiphysin with dynamin. DynaMin inhibitory peptide, myristoylated TFA is a membrane-permeant form of the peptide that prevents endocytosis .
TAT-NEP1-40 TFA is a BBB-penatrable peptide. TAT-NEP1-40 TFA protects PC12 cells against oxygen and glucose deprivation (OGD), and promotes neurite outgrowth. TAT-NEP1-40 TFA also improves ischemia-induced neurologic outcomes by inhibiting cell apoptosis in ischemic brains. TAT-NEP1-40 TFA can be used for research of CNS injuries, such as axonal regeneration and functional recovery after stroke .
Kallikrein 5-IN-2 TFA is the TFA salt form of Kallikrein 5-IN-2 (HY-148949). Kallikrein 5-IN-2 TFA is a selective inhibitor for kallikrein 5 (KLK5) with pIC50 of 7.1. Kallikrein 5-IN-2 TFA is non-phototoxic (100 μg/mL) and non-irritant. Kallikrein 5-IN-2 is stable at pH 4-pH 8 under non-oxidative condition. Kallikrein 5-IN-2 is potent in ameliorating the Netherton syndrome .
6-FAM-AEEAc-Stichodactyla helianthus Neurotoxin (ShK) TFA (6-FAM-AEEAC-SHK TFA) is a peptide neurotoxin conjugated with a fluorescent marker. 6-FAM-AEEAc-Stichodactyla helianthus Neurotoxin (ShK) TFA can block voltage-gated potassium channels (kv1.1 and kv1.2) to prolong the duration of action potentials, thereby affecting the conduction of neural signals. 6-FAM-AEEAc-Stichodactyla helianthus Neurotoxin (ShK) TFA can be used in neuroscience research .
Foxy-5 TFA, a WNT5A agonist, is a mimicking peptide of WNT5A which is a non-canonical member of the Wnt family. Foxy-5 TFA triggers cytosolic free calcium signaling without affecting β-catenin activation and it impairs the migration and invasion of epithelial cancer cells. Foxy-5 TFA effectively reduces the metastatic spread of WNT5A-low prostate cancer cells in an orthotopic mouse model .
Huwentoxin-IV TFA is a potent and selective sodium channel blocker, inhibits neuronal Nav1.7, Nav1.2, Nav1.3 and Nav1.4 with IC50s of 26, 150, 338 and 400 nM, respectively. Huwentoxin-IV TFA preferentially blocks peripheral nerve subtype Nav1.7 by binding neurotoxin receptor site 4. Huwentoxin-IV TFA has analgesic effects on animal models of inflammatory and neuropathic pain .
LPYFD-NH2 TFA, a pentapeptide, exerts some inhibitory effect on the aggregation of Aβ(1-42). LPYFD-NH2 TFA can be used for the research of Alzheimer’s disease .
[Orn5]-URP TFA is a potent and selective pure antagonist of Urotensin-II receptor (UT), with an pEC50 of 7.24. [Orn5]-URP TFA displays no agonist activity .
CRF(6-33)(human) TFA is a CRF binding protein (CRF-BP) ligand inhibitor. CRF(6-33)(human) TFA competitively binds the CRF-BP but not the post-synaptic CRF receptors. CRF(6-33)(human) TFA has anti-obesity effect .
α-MSH (α-Melanocyte-Stimulating Hormone) TFA, an endogenous neuropeptide, is an endogenous melanocortin receptor 4 (MC4R) agonist with anti-inflammatory and antipyretic activities. α-MSH TFA is a post-translational derivative of pro-opiomelanocortin (POMC) .
Calcineurin autoinhibitory peptide TFA is a selective inhibitor of Ca 2+/calmodulin-dependent protein phosphatase (calcineurin), with an IC50 of ~10 μM. Calcineurin autoinhibitory peptide TFA could protect neurons from excitatory neuronal death .
GRK2i TFA is a GRK2 inhibitory polypeptide that specifically inhibits Gβγ activation of GRK2. GRK2i TFA corresponds to the Gβγ-binding domain and acts as a cellular Gβγ antagonist .
Biotinylated-D-lysine TFA is a conjugate of L-biotin and D-lysine, where the carboxylate of L-biotin is coupled with the ϵ-amine of D-lysine via a secondary amide bond. Biotinylated-D-lysine TFA is an isomer of the neuroanatomical tracer Biocyte.
NODAGA-LM3 TFA can be labeled by 68Ga for PET imaging. 68Ga-NODAGA-LM3 TFA is a SSTR2 antagonist, and can be used for imaging of SSTR positive paragangliomas .
Ac-VDVAD-AFC TFA is a caspase-specific fluorescent substrate. Ac-VDVAD-AFC TFA can measure caspase-3-like activity and caspase-2 activity and can be used for the research of tumor and cancer .
Orexin A (human, rat, mouse) (Hypocretin-1 (human, rat, mouse)) TFA, a 33 amino acid excitatory neuropeptide, orchestrates diverse central and peripheral processes. Orexin A (human, rat, mouse) TFA binds and activates two types of G protein-coupled receptors, the orexin-1 receptor (OX1R) and the orexin-2 receptor (OX2R). Orexin A (human, rat, mouse) TFA has a role in the regulation of feeding behavior. Orexin A (human, rat, mouse) TFA is an effective anti-nociceptive and anti-hyperalgesic agent in mice and rats .
UNC0379 TFA is a selective, substrate-competitive inhibitor of lysine methyltransferase SETD8 (KMT5A) with an IC50 of 7.3 μM, KD value of 18.3 μM. UNC0379 TFA can be used in the research of inflammation and cancers, such as pulmonary fibrosis, ovarian cancer, neuroblastoma .
F1324 TFA is a potent, high affinity peptidic inhibitor of B cell lymphoma 6 (BCL6), with an IC50 of 1 nM. F1324 TFA exhibits binding t1/2 value of 441 s and has strong inhibition activity against BCL6 PPI .
Elabela(19-32) TFA is an active fragment of ELABELA (ELA) that binds to apelin receptor (APJ). Elabela(19-32) TFA activates the Gαi1 and β-arrestin-2 signaling pathways with EC50s of 8.6 nM and 166 nM. Elabela(19-32) TFA induces receptor internalization and reduces arterial pressure, exerts positive inotropic effects on the heart .
Vasonatrin Peptide (VNP) TFA is a chimera of atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) and C-type natriuretic peptide (CNP). Vasonatrin peptide TFA possesses the venodilating actions of CNP, the natriuretic actions of ANP, and unique arterial vasodilating actions not associated with either ANP or CNP. Vasonatrin Peptide TFA protects the diabetic heart against ischemia-reperfusion injury by inhibiting ER stress via the cGMP-PKG signaling pathway .
Cyclo(Arg-Gly-Asp-D-Phe-Cys) (Cyclo RGDfC) TFA, a cyclic RGD peptide which has high affinity to αvβ3, can disrupt cell integrin interactions. Cyclo(Arg-Gly-Asp-D-Phe-Cys) TFA inhibits pluripotent marker expression in embryonic stem cells (ESCs) and the tumorigenic potential of mESCs in vivo. Cyclo(Arg-Gly-Asp-D-Phe-Cys) TFA can be used in the research of tumors .
Z-Gly-Gly-Arg-AMC TFA is the TFA salt form of Z-Gly-Gly-Arg-AMC (HY-P0019). Z-Gly-Gly-Arg-AMC TFA is a thrombin-specific fluorogenic substrate for testing of thrombin generation in PRP and platelet-poor plasma (PPP) .
[Nle8] Somatostatin (1-28) TFA is a derivative of somatosttin (1-28) with norleucine replacing methionine in position 8. [Nle8] Somatostatin (1-28) TFA increases the amylase release.[Nle8] Somatostatin (1-28) TFA increases the cyclic AMP in pancreatic acini .
Acetyl Gastric Inhibitory Peptide (human) TFA is a fatty acid derivatized analog of glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide with improved antihyperglycaemic and insulinotropic properties. Acetyl Gastric Inhibitory Peptide (human) TFA can be used for research of diabetes, insulin resistance and obesity .
DOTAGA.(SA.FAPi)2 TFA is a potent dimeric fibroblast-activation protein inhibitor (FAPi). DOTAGA.(SA.FAPi)2 TFA has the potential for cancer diagnosis research .
Pentosidine TFA is an advanced glycation end product (AGE) and cross-linked substance with fluorescent properties. Pentosidine TFA is present in various human tissues and can serve as a biomarker for diabetes, aging, uremia, protein accumulation damage, and non-enzymatic modification of long-lived proteins in the Maillard reaction. It aids in gaining a deeper understanding of the overall role of the Maillard reaction in aging and disease .
PKA Inhibitor Fragment (6-22) amide TFA is an inhibitor of cAMP-dependent protein kinase A (PKA), with a Ki of 2.8 nM. PKA Inhibitor Fragment (6-22) amide TFA can significantly reverse antinociceptive tolerance in mice .
FTO-IN-1 TFA is a fat mass and obesity-associated enzyme (FTO) inhibitor extracted from patent WO2018157843A1, compound 32, with an IC50 of <1 μM. FTO-IN-1 TFA can be used for the research of cancer .
Ser-SNAC TFA is a small-molecule substrate for NRPS C domains. As for NRPSs, refers to nonribosomal peptide synthetases, are large multidomain proteins to catalyze the formation of biologically active natural products. Ser-SNAC TFA can be used for characterizing the substrate specificity of C domain-catalyzed peptide bond formation .
BIBP3226 TFA is a potent and selective neuropeptide Y Y1 (NPY Y1) and neuropeptide FF (NPFF) receptor antagonist, with Kis of 1.1, 79, and 108 nM for rNPY Y1, hNPFF2, and rNPFF, respectively. BIBP3226 TFA displays anxiogenic-like effect .
K41498 TFA is a potent and highly selective CRF2 receptor antagonist with Ki values of 0.66 nM, 0.62 nM and 425 nM for human CRF2α, CRF2β and CRF1 receptors respectively. K41498 TFA is an analogues of antisauvagine-30 (aSvg-30), inhibits sauvagine-stimulated cAMP accumulation in hCRF2α- and hCRF2β-expressing cells. K41498 TFA can be used for hypotension study .
LVGRQLEEFL (mouse) TFA can be named as G * peptide, corresponding to amino acids 113 to 122 in apolipoprotein J ([113,122] apoJ)}. LVGRQLEEFL (mouse) TFA exhibits anti-inflammatory and anti-atherogenic properties. LVGRQLEEFL (mouse) TFA can be added to an apoJ mimetic, to form HM-10/10 peptide, which is a mimetic peptide and a novel chimeric high density lipoprotein. HM-10/10 peptide protects retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) and photoreceptors from oxidant induced cell death .
Histatin-3 TFA, a 32 amino acid peptide, possesses powerful antimicrobial properties. Histatin-3 TFA behaves as a substrate for proprotein convertase 1 (PC1), being cleaved by this endoprotease primarily at a site carboxy terminal to the single Arg25 residue (HRGYR decrease SN). Histatin-3 TFA is a moderately potent, reversible and competitive inhibitor of the furin-mediated cleavage of the pentapeptide pGlu-Arg-Thr-Lys-Arg-MCA fluorogenic substrate, with an estimated inhibition constant Ki of 1.98 μM .
RO27-3225 TFA is potent and selective melanocortin 4 receptor (MC4R) agonist with an EC50 of 1 nM and 8 nM for MC4R and MC1R, respectively. RO27-3225 TFA shows ~30-fold selectivity for MC4R over MC3R. RO27-3225 TFA has neuroprotective and anti-inflammatory effects .
Melanin Concentrating Hormone, salmon TFA (MCH (salmon) TFA) is a 19-amino-acid neuropeptide initially identified in the pituitary gland of teleost fish, which regulates food intake, energy balance, sleep state, and the cardiovascular system. Melanin-concentrating hormone is a ligand for an orphan G protein-coupled receptor (SLC-1/GPR24) and MCHR2.
Cbz-Ala-Ala-Asn TFA is a peptide that designed based on the sequence of the substrate of legumain. Legumain is a cysteine protease. Cbz-Ala-Ala-Asn TFA can be applied as a scaffold for drug delivery .
Chlorotoxin TFA is a peptide isolated from the venom of the scorpion Leiurus quinquestriatus, acts as a chloride channel blocker . Anti-cancer activity .
Z-LEHD-FMK TFA is a selective and irreversible inhibitor of caspase-9, protects against lethal reperfusion injury and attenuates apoptosis. Z-LEHD-FMK TFA exhibits the neuroprotective effect in a rat model of spinal cord trauma .
Val-Cit-PAB-Exatecan (Val-Cit-PAB-DX8951) TFA is a agent-linker conjugate for ADC. Val-Cit-PAB-Exatecan TFA is composed of a DNA topoisomerase I DX-8951 (HY-13631) and a cathepsin cleavable ADC linker .
Substance P(1-7) TFA is a fragment of the neuropeptide, substance P (SP). Substance P(1-7) TFA gives depressor and bradycardic effects when applied to the nucleus tractus solitarius .
Maleimido-mono-amide-DTPA (TFA)is a bifunctional chelator (Bifunctional Chelator; BFC) and a macrocyclic DPTA derivative used for tumor pre-targeting. Maleimido-mono-amide-DTPA (TFA) can be used for conjugation of peptides and radionuclides.
Lyn peptide inhibitor TFA is a potent and cell-permeable inhibitor of Lyn-coupled IL-5 receptor signaling pathway, while keeping other signals intact. Lyn peptide inhibitor TFA blocks Lyn activation and inhibits the binding of Lyn tyrosine kinase to βc subunit of IL-3/GM-CSF/IL-5 receptors. Lyn peptide inhibitor TFA can be used for study of asthma, allergic, and other eosinophilic disorders .
Cortistatin-14 (TFA), a neuropeptide have structural similarity to somatostatin-14, binds and exerts its function via the somatostatin receptors (sst1-sst5). Cortistatin-14 (TFA) shows anticonvulsive, neuroprotective effect and remarkable anti-inflammatory properties .
HS014 TFA is a potent and selective melanocortin-4 (MC4) receptor antagonist, with Kis of 3.16, 108, 54.4 and 694 nM for human MC4, MC1, MC3 and MC5 receptors respectively. HS014 TFA increases food intake in free-feeding rats .
BQ-123 TFA is a potent and selective endothelin A (ETA) receptor antagonist with an IC50 of 7.3 nM and a Ki of 25 nM. BQ-123 TFA inhibits endothelin-1-mediated proliferation of human pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells and lowers blood pressure in different rat models of hypertension .
DPC-AJ1951 TFA, a 14 amino acid peptide that acts as a potent agonist of the parathyroid hormone (PTH)/PTH-related peptide receptor (PPR). And characterized the activity of DPC-AJ1951 TFA in ex vivo and in vivo assays of bone resorption .
VKGILS-NH2 TFA is a reversed amino acid sequence control peptide for SLIGKV-NH2 (protease-activated receptor 2 (PAR2) agonist). VKGILS-NH2 TFA has no effect on DNA synthesis in cells .
Vasopressin Dimer (parallel) TFA is a parallel dimer of Vasopressin (HY-B1811). Vasopressin Dimer (parallel) TFA can activate four G protein-coupled receptors, V1aR, V1bR, V2R, and OTR .
Apelin-36(human) TFA is an endogenous orphan G protein-coupled receptor APJ agonist, with an EC50 of 20 nM. Apelin-36(human) TFA shows high affinity to human APJ receptors expressed in HEK 293 cells (pIC550=8.61). Apelin-36(human) TFA has been linked to two major types of biological activities: cardiovascular and metabolic. Apelin-36(human) TFA inhibits the entry of some HIV-1 and HIV-2 into the NP2/CD4 cells expressing APJ .
Afegostat TFA is a pharmacological chaperone, which specifically and reversibly binds acid-β-glucosidase (GCase) in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) with high affinity .
α-CGRP (mouse, rat) TFA, a neuropeptide (calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP)) mainly expressed in neuromuscular junction, is a potent vasodilator. α-CGRP (mouse, rat) TFA can lead to a fall in blood pressure and an increase in heart rate by peripheral administration, also relax colonie smooth muscle. α-CGRP (mouse, rat) TFA has the potential in cardiovascular, pro-inflammatory, migraine and metabolic studies .
TLQP-21 TFA, a VGF-derived peptide endowed of endocrine and extraendocrine properties, is a potent G-protein-coupled receptor complement-3a receptor1 (C3aR1) agonist (EC50: mouse TLQP-21=10.3 μM; human TLQP-21=68.8μM). TLQP-21 TFA activates C3aR1 to induce an increase of intracellular Ca 2+. TLQP-21 TFA is used for the research in regulation of nociception and other relevant physiologic functions .
TAK-683 TFA is a potent full KISS1 receptor (KISS1R) agonist (IC50=170 pM) with improved metabolic stability. TAK-683 TFA is a nonapeptide metastin analog, exhibits agonistic activities to KISS1R with EC50 values of 0.96 nM and 1.6 nM for human and rat, respectively . TAK-683 TFA depletes GnRH in the hypothalamus and reduces plasma FSH, LH, and testosterone levels in vivo, it has the potential for the study of hormone-dependent prostate cancer .
Janelia Fluor® 549 TFA (JF549 TFA) is a fluorescent dye with the absorption maximum (λab (max)) of 549 nm and emission maximum (λem (max)) of 571 nm . Janelia Fluor® products are licensed under U.S. Pat. Nos. 9,933,417, 10,018,624 and 10,161,932 and other patents from Howard Hughes Medical Institute.
Dynorphin A (1-10) (TFA), an endogenous opioid neuropeptide, binds to extracellular loop 2 of the κ-opioid receptor. Dynorphin A (1-10) (TFA) also blocks NMDA-activated current with an IC50 of 42.0 μM.
CART(55-102)(human) TFA is a human satiety factor with potent appetite-suppressing activity. CART(55-102)(human) TFA is closely associated with leptin and neuropeptide Y .
Caloxin 2A1 TFA is an extracellular plasma membrane Ca 2+-ATPase (PMCA) peptide inhibitor. Caloxin 2A1 TFA does not affect basal Mg 2+-ATPase or Na +-K +-ATPase .
DTP3 TFA is a potent and selective GADD45β/MKK7 (growth arrest and DNA-damage-inducible β/mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 7) inhibitor. DTP3 TFA targets an essential, cancer-selective cell-survival module downstream of the NF-κB pathway .
TAT-14 TFA is a 14-mer peptide that acts as Nrf2 activator with an anti-inflammatory effect. TAT-14 TFA has no effect on Nrf2 mRNA expression, but increases Nrf2 protein level due to targeting the Nrf2 binding site on Keap1 .
CysHHC10 TFA is a synthetic antimicrobial peptide (AMP), and exhibits strong anti-microbial properties against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. The MIC values of CysHHC10 TFA against E. coli, P. aeruginosa, S. aureus and S. epidermidis are 10.1 mM, 20.2 mM, 2.5 mM and 1.3 mM, respectively .
AS-99 TFA is a first-in-class, potent and selective ASH1L histone methyltransferase inhibitor (IC50= 0.79 µM, Kd= 0.89 µM) with anti-leukemic activity. AS-99 TFA blocks cell proliferation, induces apoptosis and differentiation, downregulates MLL fusion target genes, and reduces the leukemia burden in vivo .
HsTX1 (TFA) toxin, from the scorpion Heterometrus spinnifer, is a 34-residue, C-terminally amidated peptide cross-linked by four disulfide bridges. HsTX1 (TFA) is an the inhibitor of potassium channel, with IC50 for Kv1.3 of 12 pM and inhibits TEM cell activation and attenuates inflammation in autoimmunity .
D-Ala-Lys-AMCA TFA is a known proton-coupled oligopeptide transporter 1 (PEPT1) substrate that emits blue fluorescence. D-Ala-Lys-AMCA TFA may be transported into liver cancer cells and Caco-2 cells based on fluorescence analysis. D-Ala-Lys-AMCA TFA can be used for characterizing PEPT1-specific substrates or inhibitors .
Dermaseptin TFA, a peptide isolated from frog skin, exhibits potent antimicrobial activity against bacteria, fungi, and protozoa at micromolar concentration .
PKI(5-24) TFA is a potent, competitive, and synthetic peptide inhibitor of PKA (cAMP-dependent protein kinase), with a Ki of 2.3 nM. PKI(5-24) TFA corresponds to residues 5-24 in the naturally occurring heat-stable protein kinase inhibitor .
2B-(SP) TFA is a eIF2B-based substrate for glycogen synthase kinase-3 (GSK-3). 2B-(SP) TFA is readily phosphorylated by both the α and β isoforms of GSK-3 .
pTH (44-68) (human) TFA is a fragment of human parathyroid hormone (pTH) that lacks the adenylate cyclase-stimulating activity of intact pTH. pTH (44-68) (human) TFA can be used to study the mechanism of action of pTH .
Dansyl-Glu-Gly-Arg-Chloromethylketone TFA is a protease inhibitor, and inhibits serine/threonine proteases. Dansyl-Glu-Gly-Arg-Chloromethylketone TFA inhibits activated porcine factor IX .
RVG TFA is a peptide derived from Rabies Virus Glycoprotein that binds to the α-7 subunit of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (AchR) of neuronal cells. RVG enhances delivery of Mycobacterium tuberculosis antigens to antigen-presenting cells .
ω-Agatoxin IVA TFA is a potent, selective P/Q type Ca 2+ (Cav2.1) channel blocker with IC50s of 2 nM and 90 nM for P-type and Q-type Ca 2+ channels, respectively. ω-Agatoxin IVA TFA (IC50, 30-225 nM) inhibits glutamate exocytosis and calcium influx elicited by high potassium. ω-Agatoxin IVA TFA also blocks the high potassium-induced release of serotonin and norepinephrine. ω-Agatoxin IVA TFA has no effect on L-type or N-type calcium channels .
PACAP (1-27), human, ovine, rat TFA (PACAP 1-27 TFA) is the N-terminal fragment of PACAP-38, and is a potent PACAP receptor antagonist with IC50s of 3 nM, 2 nM and 5 nM for rat PAC1, rat VPAC1 and human VPAC2, respectively .
Janelia Fluor® 549, Maleimide TFA (JF549, Maleimide TFA) is a fluorescent dye with the absorption maximum (λab (max)) of 549 nm and emission maximum (λem (max)) of 571 nm . Janelia Fluor® products are licensed under U.S. Pat. Nos. 9,933,417, 10,018,624 and 10,161,932 and other patents from Howard Hughes Medical Institute.
PINT-87aa TFA, an 87-amino acid (aa) peptide, is encoded by the circular form of the long intergenic non-protein-coding RNA p53-induced transcript (LINC-PINT). PINT-87aa TFA directly interacts with polymerase associated factor complex (PAF1c) and inhibits the transcriptional elongation of multiple oncogenes. PINT-87aa TFA suppresses glioblastoma cell proliferation in vitro and in vivo .
tcY-NH2 ((trans-Cinnamoyl)-YPGKF-NH2) TFA is a potent selective PAR4 antagonist peptide. tcY-NH2 TFA inhibits thrombin- and AY-NH2-induced platelet aggregation and endostatin release, and can be used in the research of inflammation, immunology .
LL-37, human TFA is a 37-residue, amphipathic, cathelicidin-derived antimicrobial peptide, which exhibits a broad spectrum of antimicrobial activity. LL-37, human TFA could help protect the cornea from infection and modulates wound healing .
ZXH-4-130 TFA is a highly potent and selective degrader of CRBN. ZXH-4-130 is a CRBN-VHL compound (hetero-PROTAC). ZXH-4-130 TFA induces ~80% CRBN degradation at 10 nM in MM1.S cells .
β-Endorphin, equine TFA is an endogenous opioid peptide, which binds at high affinity to both μ/δ opioid receptors. β-Endorphin, equine TFA has analgesic properties .
PKI 14-22 amide,myristoylated TFA is a potent cAMP-dependent PKA inhibitor. PKI 14-22 amide,myristoylated TFA reduces the IgG-mediated phagocytic response and also inhibits neutrophil adhesion .
Pam2CSK4 (TFA), a lipopeptide, is a TLR6-independent TLR2 ligand and agonist. Pam2CSK4 (TFA) promotes platelet aggregation, and increases platelet adhesion to collagen-coated surfaces in a TLR2/NF-κB/BTK-dependent manner. Pam2CSK4 (TFA) also activates iNOS expression and NO production in mouse macrophages .
Suc-Ala-Glu-Pro-Phe-pNA (Suc-AEPF-pNA ) TFA is a chromogenic substrate for the peptidylprolyl isomerase Pin1. Suc-Ala-Glu-Pro-Phe-pNA TFA can be used to evaluate the inhibitory effect of the target compound on Pin1, and catalytic activity of Pin1, etc .
BRD4 ligand 6 TFA is the TFA salt form of BRD4 ligand 6 (HY-161651). BRD4 ligand 6 TFA is a BRD4 ligand and can be used for synthesis of BRD4 PROTACs, such as PROTAC BRD4 Degrader-26 (HY-161650) .
JKC363 TFA, a selective melanocortin MC4 receptor antagonist, has a 90-fold higher affinity at the MC4 receptor (IC50=0.5 nM) than at the MC3 receptor (44.9 nM). JKC363 TFA blocks the stimulatory effect of α-MSH on TRH release. Anti-hyperalgesic effect .
WRW4 TFA, a specific formyl peptide receptor-like 1 (FPRL1) antagonist, inhibits WKYMVm binding to FPRL1 with an IC50 of 0.23 μM. WRW4 TFA specifically inhibits the increase in intracellular calcium by the FPRL1 agonists MMK-1, amyloid beta42 (Abeta42) peptide, and F peptide .
UNC4976 TFA is a positive allosteric modulator (PAM) peptidomimetic of CBX7 chromodomain binding to nucleic acids. UNC4976 TFA simultaneously antagonizes H3K27me3-specific recruitment of CBX7 to target genes while increasing non-specific binding to DNA and RNA .
JBSNF-000028 TFA is an orally active nicotinamide N-methyltransferase (NNMT) inhibitor with IC50s of 0.033 μM, 0.19 μM and 0.21 μM against human NNMT (hNNMT), monkey NNMT (mkNNMT), and mouse NNMT (mNNMT), respectively. JBSNF-000028 TFA can be used for the research of metabolic disorders .
PF-06655075 (TFA) is the TFA form of PF-06655075 (HY-153963). PF-06655075 is a novel andnon–brain-penetrant oxytocin receptor agonist with increased selectivity for the oxytocin receptor and significantly increased pharmacokinetic stability. PF-06655075 can be used as a tool compound to further explore the role of peripheral oxytocin in behavioral response .
Fexapotide (NX-1207) TFA induces apoptosis selectively, reducing prostate volume at a cellular level. Fexapotide can be used in lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) and benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) research .
Z-VRPR-FMK (TFA) (VRPR), a tetrapeptide, is a selective and irreversible MALT1 (Mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma translocation protein 1) inhibitor. Z-VRPR-FMK (TFA) can protect against influenza A virus (IAV) infection .
Tat-NR2B9c TFA (Tat-NR2Bct TFA) is a postsynaptic density-95 (PSD-95) inhibitor, with EC50 values of 6.7 nM and 670 nM for PSD-95d2 (PSD-95 PDZ domain 2) and PSD-95d1, respectively. Tat-NR2B9c TFA disrupts the PSD-95/NMDAR interaction, inhibiting NR2A and NR2B binding to PSD-95 with IC50 values of 0.5 μM and 8 μM, respectively. Tat-NR2B9c TFA also inhibits neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS)/PSD-95 interaction, and possesses neuroprotective efficacy .
Mambalgin 1 TFA is a selective ASIC1a inhibitor (IC50 values are 192 and 72 nM for human ASIC1a and ASIC1a/1b dimer, respectively). Mambalgin 1 TFA binds to closed/inactive channel. Mambalgin 1 TFA is selective for ASIC1a over ASIC2a, ASIC3, TRPV1, P2X2, 5-HT3, Nav1.8, Cav3.2 and Kv1.2 channels. Mambalgin 1 TFA increases latency of withdrawal response in mouse tail-flick and paw-flick tests.
Phrixotoxin 3-NH2 TFA is a derivative of Phrixotoxin 3 TFA (HY-P1218A). Phrixotoxin 3 TFA is a potent blocker of voltage-gated sodium channels, with IC50s of 0.6, 42, 72, 288, 610 nM for NaV1.2, NaV1.3, NaV1.4, NaV1.1 and NaV1.5, respectively. Phrixotoxin 3 TFA modulates voltage-gated sodium channels with properties similar to those of typical gating-modifier toxins, both by causing a depolarizing shift in gating kinetics and by blocking the inward component of the sodium current .
OH-α-PVP (OH-α-Pyrrolidinovalerophenone ) TFA is a metabolite of α-pyrrolidinovalerophenone. α-pyrrolidinovalerophenone is a synthetic stimulant of the cathinone class .
Orphanin FQ(1-11) TFA, a orphanin FQ or nociceptin (OFQ/N) fragment, is a potent NOP receptor (ORL-1; OP4) agonist, with a Ki of 55 nM. Orphanin FQ(1-11) TFA has no affinity for μ, δ, κ1 and κ3 receptors (Ki>1000 nM). Orphanin FQ(1-11) TFA is analgesic in CD-1 mice .
PACAP (1-38) free acid TFA is an endogenous neuropeptide. PACAP (1-38) free acid TFA potently stimulates antral motility and somatostatin secretion, inhibits the secretion of gastrin and stimulates the release of vasoactive intestinal polypeptide, gastrin releasing peptide and substance P. PACAP (1-38) free acid TFA also enhances N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor function and expression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor through RACK1 .
Proteasome-activating peptide 1 TFA is a peptide and a potent proteasome activator. Proteasome-activating peptide 1 TFA increases the chymotrypsin-like proteasomal catalytic activity and, consequently, proteolytic rates both in vitro and in culture. Proteasome-activating peptide 1 TFA prevents protein aggregation in a cellular model of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis .
(D)-PPA 1 TFA is a hydrolysisresistant d-peptide antagonist. (D)-PPA 1 TFA serves as a potent PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitor. (D)-PPA 1 TFA binds to PD-1 with the affinity 0f 0.51 μM with in vitro and in vivo efficacy .
EGFR-IN-1 TFA is an orally active and irreversible L858R/T790M mutant selective EGFR inhibitor. EGFR-IN-1 TFA potently inhibits Gefitinib-resistant EGFR L858R, T790M with 100-fold selectivity over wild-type EGFR. EGFR-IN-1 TFA displays strong antiproliferative activity against the H1975 cells and the first line mutant HCC827 cells. Antitumor activity .
γ-Glu-Gly TFA, a γ-glutamyl dipeptide, is a human lipid metabolite.γ-Glu-Gly TFA has a similar structure to GABA (γ-aminobutyric acid) and can act as an antagonist of excitatory amino acids .
Defensin HNP-1 human TFA is a Human neutrophil peptides (HNPs), involved in endothelial cell dysfunction at the time of early atherosclerotic development. Defensin HNP-1 human TFA exhibits broad antimicrobial and anti-leishmanial activities .
M617 TFA is a selective galanin receptor 1 (GAL1) agonist, with Kis of 0.23 and 5.71 nM for GAL1 and GAL2, respectively. M617 TFA, acting through its central GAL1, can promote GLUT4 expression and enhance GLUT4 content in the cardiac muscle of type 2 diabetic rats .
J-2156 TFA is a high potent, selective somatostatin receptor type 4 (SST4 receptor) agonist with IC50s of 0.05 nM and 0.07 nM for human and rat SST4 receptors, respectively. J-2156 TFA has anti-inflammatory activity and it is used for the relief of mechanical allodynia and mechanical hyperalgesia in the ipsilateral hindpaws in rats .
DOTA-ADIBO TFA is a DOTA-derived bifunctional chelator (BFC) that allows drug conjugation via an uncatalyzed, copper-free cycloaddition reaction. DOTA-ADIBO TFA enables the construction of fusion chelator systems that can be further used to synthesize radiotracers after Cu[64] modification. Positron emission tomography imaging of tumors expressing integrin αvβ6 .
GGTI-286 TFA, a potent and cell-permeable GGTase I inhibitor, is 25-fold more potent (IC50=2 μM) than the corresponding methyl ester of FTI-276 (HY-15873A). GGTI-286 TFA selectively inhibits geranylgeranylation of Rap1A over farnesylation of H-Ras in NIH3T3 cells (IC50s=2 and >30 μM, respectively). GGTI-286 TFA also potently inhibits oncogenic K-Ras4B stimulation with an IC50 of 1 μM .
MYC degrader 1 TFA is a MYC degrader that restores pRB1 protein activity and reduces MYC-dependent CDK4/6 resistance. MYC degrader 1 TFA has antitumor activity .
β-Amyloid (1-42), human TFA (Amyloid β-Peptide (1-42) (human) TFA) is a 42-amino acid peptide which plays a key role in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer disease .
Lys-γ3-MSH(human) TFA is a melanocortin peptide derived from the C-terminal of the fragment of pro-opiomelanocortin (POMC). Lys-γ3-MSH(human) TFA potentiates the steroidogenic response of the rat adrenal to adrenocorticotrophin (ACTH). Lys-γ3-MSH(human) TFA is a potent stimulator of lipolysis with an apparent EC50 of 3.56 nM. Lys-γ3-MSH(human) TFA can activate hormone sensitive lipase (HSL) and Perilipin A resulting in lipolysis .
TAT-cyclo-CLLFVY TFA is a cyclic peptide inhibitor of HIF-1 heterodimerization that inhibits hypoxia signaling in cancer cells. TAT-cyclo-CLLFVY TFA disrupts HIF-1α/HIF-1β protein-protein interaction with an IC50 of 1.3 μM .
SOR-C13 TFA, a carboxy-terminal truncated peptide, is a high-affinity TRPV6 antagonist with an IC50 value of 14 nM. TRPV6 is a non-voltage gated calcium channel that is associated with malignancy and poor prognosis in breast cancer. SOR-C13 TFA has anticancer activity .
Cyanine3 amine (TFA), an analog of Cyanine3 amine, is a potent green fluorescent dye. Cyanine3 amine (TFA) has the primary amine group and is covalently coupled with reactive groups such as NHS esters, carboxy groups (after carbodiimide activation), and epoxides. (λex=555 nm, λem=570 nm) .
Endothelin-1 (1-31) (Human) TFA is a potent vasoconstrictor and hypertensive agent. Endothelin-1 (1-31) (Human) TFA is derived from the selective hydrolysis of big ET-1 by chymase .
Thioether-cyclized helix B peptide, CHBP (TFA) is the TFA form of Thioether-cyclized helix B peptide, CHBP (HY-P5984). Thioether-cyclized helix B peptide, CHBP (TFA) can improve metabolic stability and renoprotective effect through inducing autophagy via inhibition of mTORC1 and activation of mTORC2 .
AKTide-2T TFA is an excellent in vitro substrate for AKT and shows competitive inhibition of histone H2B phosphorylation with a Ki of 12 nM. AKTide-2T TFA mimics the optimal phosphorylation sequence of Akt and is an inhibitory peptide with the wildtype AKTide lacking Thr in the S22 position .
Abz-FRLKGGAPIKGV-EDDNP TFA is a fluorogenic substrate used to measure the enzymatic activities of protease forms, such as papain-like protease 2 (PLP2) from severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV). Abz-FRLKGGAPIKGV-EDDNP TFA has the potential for study 2019-nCoV (COVID-19) infection .
OM99-2 TFA, an eight residue peptidomimetic, tight-binding inhibitor of human brain memapsin 2 with a Ki value of 9.58 nM . OM99-2 TFA is significantly advanced the development of BACE1 inhibitor . OM99-2 has the potential for the research of the Alzheimer's disease .
Astressin 2B TFA is a potent and selective corticotropin-releasing factor receptor 2 (CRF2) antagonist, with the IC50 values of 1.3 nM and > 500 nM for CRF2 and CRF1, respectively. Astressin 2B TFA antagonizes CRF2-mediated inhibition of gastric emptying .
OXA(17-33) TFA is a potent and selective orexin-1 receptor (OX1) agonist. OXA(17-33) TFA shows a ∼23-fold selectivity for the OX1 (EC50=8.29 nM) over OX2 (187 nM) .
β-Amyloid (42-1), human TFA is the inactive form of Amyloid β Peptide (1-42). β-Amyloid (42-1), human TFA is a 42-amino acid peptide which plays a key role in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer disease .
Adrenomedullin (16-31), human TFA is amino acid residues 16-31 fragment of human adrenomedullin (hADM). Adrenomedullin has appreciable affinity for the CGRP1 receptor. Adrenomedullin (16-31), human TFA possesses pressor activity in the systemic vascular bed of the rat, but not the cat .
JAK2/FLT3-IN-1 (TFA) is a potent and orally active dual JAK2/FLT3 inhibitor with IC50 values of 0.7 nM, 4 nM, 26 nM and 39 nM for JAK2, FLT3, JAK1 and JAK3, respectively. JAK2/FLT3-IN-1 (TFA) has anti-cancer activity .
Secretin (33-59), rat (TFA) is a 27-aa peptide, which acts on secretin receptor, and enhances the secretion of bicarbonate, enzymes, and K + from the pancreas .
Lei-Dab7 TFA is a high affinity, selective KCa2.2 (SK2) channel blocker (Kd=3.8 nM). Lei-Dab7 TFA exhibits >200-fold selectivity for KCa2.2 over KCa2.1, KCa2.3, KCa3.1, Kv and Kir2.1. Lei-Dab7 TFA increases theta-burst responses and increases LTP in rat hippocampal slices in vitro.
5-FAM-GpYLPQTV-NH2 (TFA) is a fluorescently labeled peptide and has STAT3 inhibitory activity. 5-FAM-GpYLPQTV-NH2 (TFA) can be used in cancer research .
Pediocin PA-1 TFA is a broad-spectrum lactic acid bacterial bacteriocin that inhibits the activity of foodborne pathogens such as Listeria monocytogenes and Gram-positive bacteria. Pediocin PA-1 TFA can be used as a food biopreservative .
JBJ-09-063 TFA is a mutant-selective allosteric EGFR inhibitor with IC50s of 0.147 nM, 0.063 nM, 0.083 nM and 0.396 nM for EGFR L858R, EGFR L858R/T790M, EGFR L858R/T790M/C797S and EGFRLT/L747S. JBJ-09-063 TFA effectively reduces EGFR, Akt and ERK1/2 phosphorylation. JBJ-09-063 TFA is effective across EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI)-sensitive and resistant models. JBJ-09-063 TFA can be used for researching EGFR-mutant lung cancer .
Melittin TFA is a PLA2 activator, stimulates the activity of the low molecular weight PLA2, while it does not the increase activity of the high molecular weight PLA2 .
FFAGLDD TFA is MMP9 selective cleavage peptides, which used for cytosolic delivery of Doxorubi-cin (DOX) and achieve temporally and spatially controlled slow drug delivery and release .
DSTYSLSSTLTLSK TFA is a generic human peptide and can be used for infliximab quantitative detection . Infliximab (Avakine) is a chimeric monoclonal IgG1 antibody that specifically binds to TNF-α.
LXW7 TFA, a cyclic peptide containing Arg-Gly-Asp (RGD), is an integrin αvβ3 inhibitor. LXW7 has a high binding affinity to αvβ3 integrin with an IC50 of 0.68 μM. LXW7 TFA increases phosphorylation of VEGFR-2 and activation of ERK1/2. Anti-inflammatory effect .
SAH-SOS1A TFA is a peptide-based SOS1/KRAS protein interaction inhibitor. SAH-SOS1A TFA binds to wild-type and mutant KRAS (G12D, G12V, G12C, G12S, and Q61H) with nanomolar affinity (EC50=106-175 nM). SAH-SOS1A TFA directly and independently blocks nucleotide association. SAH-SOS1A TFA impairs KRAS-driven cancer cell viability and exerts its effects by on-mechanism blockade of the ERK-MAPK phosphosignaling cascade downstream of KRAS .
Polymyxin B nonapeptide TFA is a cyclic peptide obtained from Polymyxin B by proteolytic removal of its terminal amino acyl residue. Polymyxin B nonapeptide TFA is less toxic, lacks bactericidal activity, and retains its ability to render gram-negative bacteria susceptible to several antibiotics by permeabilizing their outer membranes .
RI(dl)-2 TFA is a potent and selective RAD51-mediated D-loop formation inhibitor with an IC50 of 11.1 μM. RI(dl)-2 TFA does not influence RAD51 binding to ssDNA and inhibits homologous recombination (HR) activity in human cells (IC50 of 3.0 μM) .
GP(33-41) TFA, a 9-aa-long peptide, is the optimal sequence of the GP1 epitope of lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus. GP(33-41) TFA can upregulate H-2D b molecules at the RMA-S (Db Kb) cell surface with a SC50 of 344 nM .
IKKγ NBD Inhibitory Peptide TFA is a highly specific inhibitor NF-κB inhibitor. IKKγ NBD Inhibitory Peptide TFA acts by disrupting the interaction between IKKγ/NEMO-binding domain (NBD) with IKKα and IKKβ, thus blocking TNF-α-induced NF-kB activation. IKKγ NBD Inhibitory Peptide TFA could significantly suppresses inflammation and ameliorate the cerebral ischemia-induced neurological deficits .
7-TFA-ap-7-Deaza-dA is a modified nucleoside. 7-TFA-ap-7-Deaza-dA can be used in the synthesis of deoxyribonucleic acid or nucleic acid. 7-TFA-ap-7-Deaza-dA is a click chemistry reagent, it contains an Alkyne group and can undergo copper-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition (CuAAc) with molecules containing Azide groups.
Neuropeptide SF (mouse,rat) TFA is a potent neuropeptide FF receptor agonist with Ki values are 48.4 nM and 12.1 nM for NPFF1 and NPFF2, respectively. Neuropeptide SF TFA increases the amplitude of the sustained current of heterologously expressed acid sensing ion channel 3 (ASIC3) .
Vasopressin Dimer (anti-parallel) TFA is an anti-parallel dimer of Vasopressin (HY-B1811). Vasopressin Dimer (anti-parallel) TFA can activate four G protein-coupled receptors, V1aR, V1bR, V2R, and OTR .
Frakefamide TFA is a potent analgesic that acts as a peripheral active μ-selective receptor agonist. Frakefamide is unable to penetrate the blood-brain-barrier and enter the central nervous system .
Myelin Basic Protein (MHP4-14) TFA, a synthetic peptide comprising residues 4-14 of myelin basic protein, is a very selective PKC substrate (Km=7 μM). Myelin Basic Protein TFA is not phosphorylated by cyclic AMP-dependent protein kinase, casein kinases I and II, Ca 2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II, or phosphorylase kinase, and can be routinely used for the assay of protein kinase C with low background in the crude tissue extracts .
Glutathione diethyl ester (TFA) is a delivery agent for glutathione monoester, and thus for glutathione, in human cells and therefore could serve to decrease oxidative stress and toxicity .
PR-39 TFA, a natural proline- and arginine-rich antibacterial peptide, is a noncompetitive, reversible and allosteric proteasome inhibitor. PR-39 TFAreversibly binds to the α7 subunit of the proteasome and blocks degradation of NF-κB inhibitor IκBα by the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway. PR-39 TFA stimulates angiogenesis, inhibits inflammatory responses and significant reduces myocardial infarct size in mice .
CRAMP (140-173) (mouse) TFA is a ortholog of human LL-37antimicrobial peptide. CRAMP (140-173) (mouse) TFA inhibits LPS (HY-D1056)-induced responses, and can not colocalized with TLR3 in BEAS-2B cells .
AC-VEID-CHO (TFA) is a peptide-derived caspase inhibitor and has potency of inhibition for Caspase-6, Caspase-3 and Caspase-7 with IC50 values of 16.2 nM, 13.6 nM and 162.1 nM, respectively. AC-VEID-CHO (TFA) can be used for the research of neurodegenerative conditions including Alzheimer’s and Huntington’s disease .
[D-Trp34]-Neuropeptide Y TFA is a potent and selective neuropeptide Y (NPY) Y5 receptor agonist. [D-Trp34]-Neuropeptide Y TFA is a significantly less potent agonist at the NPY Y1, Y2, Y4, and y6 receptors. [D-Trp34]-Neuropeptide Y TFA markedly increases food intake in rats .
GLP-1(28-36)amide TFA, a C-terminal nonapeptide of GLP-1, is a major product derived from the cleavage of GLP-1 by the neutral endopeptidase (NEP). GLP-1(28-36)amide TFA is an antioxidant and targets to mitochondrion, inhibits mitochondrial permeability transition (MPT). GLP-1(28-36)amide TFA has anti-diabetic and cardioprotection effects .
MM-589 (racemic mixture) TFA, is a racemic mixture of MM-589 TFA (HY-100869A). MM-589 TFA is a potent inhibitor of WD repeat domain 5 (WDR5) and mixed lineage leukemia (MLL) protein-protein interaction. MM-589 binds to WDR5 with an IC50 of 0.90 nM and inhibits the MLL H3K4 methyltransferase activity with an IC50 of 12.7 nM .
β-defesin 1 (pig) (pBD-1) TFA is an endogenous and constitutively expressed antimicrobial peptide (AMP) from porcine tissues, particularly expresses in pig mucosal epithelial sites. β-defesin 1 (pig) TFA has antimicrobial activities and contributes to mucosal and systemic host defenses in pigs .
TAT TFA (YGRKKRRQRRR) is derived from the transactivator of transcription (TAT) of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-1) and is a cell-penetrating peptide. TAT can increase the yields and the solubility of heterologous proteins .
WLSEAGPVVTVRALRGTGSW TFA is a cardiomyocyte specific peptide. WLSEAGPVVTVRALRGTGSW-expressing exosomes can improve specific uptake by cardiomyocytes, decrease cardiomyocyte apoptosis, and enhance cardiac retention following intramyocardial injection in vivo .
OTUB1/USP8-IN-1 TFA is the TFA salt form of OTUB1/USP8-IN-1 (HY-151563). OTUB1/USP8-IN-1 TFA is a dual inhibitor for OTUB1/USP8, IC50 for OTUB1 and USP8 is 0.17 and 0.28 nM, respectively. OTUB1/USP8-IN-1 TFA inhibits proliferation of NSCLC cells. OTUB1/USP8-IN-1 TFA exhibits good pharmacokinetic characters in ICR mouse, and exhibits antitumor activity in H1975 xenograft mouse model .
γ1-MSH TFA is a melanocortin MC3 receptor agonist, with a Ki of 34 nM for the rat MC3 receptor. γ1-MSH TFA displays ~40-fold selectivity over MC4 (Ki=1318 nM) .
A8SGLP-1 TFA is an orally active GLP-1 analogue that the alanine at position 8 substituted with serine. A8SGLP-1 TFA reduces blood glucose in db/db mice without affecting its function .
Apelin-17(human, bovine) TFA is an endogenous orphan G protein-coupled receptor APJ agonist. Apelin-17(human, bovine) TFA binds to human APJ receptors expressed in HEK 293 cells (pIC50=9.02). Apelin-17(human, bovine) TFA inhibits the entry of some HIV-1 and HIV-2 into the NP2/CD4 cells expressing APJ .
Apelin-36(rat, mouse) TFA is an endogenous orphan G protein-coupled receptor APJ agonist. Apelin-36(rat, mouse) TFA binds to APJ receptors with an IC50 of 5.4 nM, and potently inhibits cAMP production with an EC50 of 0.52 nM. Apelin-36(rat, mouse) TFA blocks entry of some HIV-1 and HIV-2 strains into NP-2/CD4 cells expressing APJ .
RNAIII-inhibiting peptide(TFA) is a potent inhibitor of Staphylococcus aureus, effective in the diseases such as cellulitis, keratitis, septic arthritis, osteomylitis and mastitis.
M2e, human TFA, consisting of the 23 extracellular residues of M2 (the third integral membrane protein of influenza A), has been remarkably conserved in all human influenza A. M2e, human TFA is a valid and versatile vaccine candidate to protect against any strain of human influenza A .
Sarafotoxin S6a TFA , a sarafotoxin analogue, is a endothelin receptor agonist and has an ETA/ETB selectivity profile similar to that of Endothelin-3 (HY-P0204). Sarafotoxin S6a TFA elicits the pig coronary artery with an EC50 value of 7.5 nM .
AAK1-IN-2 TFA (compound (S)-31) is a potent, selective and brain-penetrant inhibitor of Adaptor Protein 2-Associated Kinase 1 (AAK1), with an IC50 of 5.8 nM. AAK1-IN-2 TFA can be used for the research of neuropathic pain .
Albiglutide fragment (GLP-1 (7-36) analog) TFA is an active fragment of Albiglutide (7-36) and a glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) analog (a long-acting GLP-1 receptor agonist). Albiglutide is produced by the fusion of DPP-4 resistant GLP-1 dimer with the human albumin gene. Moreover, Albiglutide fragment TFA significantly reduces glycosylated hemoglobin (A1C) and is used in type 2 diabetes (T2D) studies .
Pomalidomide-PEG3-C2-NH2 TFA (Cereblon Ligand-Linker Conjugates 5 (TFA)) is a synthetic E3 ligase ligand-linker conjugate comprising a Pomalidomide (HY-10984)-based cereblon ligand and a 3-unit PEG linker. Pomalidomide-PEG3-C2-NH2 TFA can be used for the synthesis of PROTACs .
Pepinh-TRIF (TFA) is a 30 aa peptide that blocks TIR-domain-containing adapter-inducing interferon-β (TRIF) signaling by interfering with TLR-TRIF interaction .
Thalidomide-O-amido-C4-NH2 TFA (Cereblon Ligand-Linker Conjugates 6 TFA) is a synthesized E3 ligase ligand-linker conjugate that incorporates the Thalidomide based cereblon ligand and a linker used in PROTAC technology.
Thalidomide-O-amido-C8-NH2 TFA (Cereblon Ligand -Linker Conjugates 2 TFA) is a synthesized E3 ligase ligand-linker conjugate that incorporates the Thalidomide based cereblon ligand and a linker used in PROTAC technology.
Rac1 Inhibitor W56 TFA is a peptide containing residues 45-60 of Rac1. Rac1 Inhibitor W56 TFA inhibits Rac1 interaction with guanine nucleotide exchange factors TrioN, GEF-H1, and Tiam .
AT7519 (AT7519M) TFA as a potent inhibitor of CDKs, with IC50s of 210, 47, 100, 13, 170, and <10 nM for CDK1, CDK2, CDK4 to CDK6, and CDK9, respectively.
YAP-TEAD-IN-1 TFA is a potent and competitive peptide inhibitor of?YAP-TEAD interaction (IC50=25 nM). YAP-TEAD-IN-1 TFA is a 17mer peptide and shows a higher the binding affinity to TEAD1 (Kd=15 nM) than YAP (50-171) (Kd= 40 nM) .
hFSH-β-(33-53) TFA, a thiol-containing peptide which corresponds to a second FSH receptor-binding domain, is a FSHR (follicle-stimulating hormone receptor) antagonist. hFSH-β-(33-53) TFA inhibits binding of FSH to receptor and is a partial agonist of estradiol synthesis in Sertoli cells .
DBCO-PEG6-amine TFA is a PEG-based PROTAC linker that can be used in the synthesis of PROTACs . DBCO-PEG6-amine (TFA) is a click chemistry reagent, it contains a DBCO group that can undergo strain-promoted alkyne-azide cycloaddition (SPAAC) with molecules containing Azide groups.
PG-931 TFA, an analog of SHU 9119 (HY-P0227), is a potent melanocortin 4 (MC4) receptor (IC50=0.58 nM) agonist and is more selective than for the hMC3R (IC50=55 nM) or the hMC5R(IC50=2.4 nM). PG-931 TFA can reverse haemorrhagic shock and prevent multiple organ damage in vivo .
Fz7-21 (Ac-LPSDDLEFWCHVMY-NH2) TFA is a potent peptide antagonist of FZD7 receptors , selectively binds to FZD7 CRD subclass and alters the conformation of the CRD and the architecture of its lipid-binding groove. The EC50 values are 58 and 34 nM for human and mouse FZD7 CRD, respectively. Fz7-21 TFA impairs the function of FZD7 in Wnt-β-catenin signalling and stem cell function in intestinal organoids .
Batifiban TFA, a cyclic peptide, is an antagonist of platelet glycoprotein GPⅡb/Ⅲa and inhibits platelet aggregation. Batifiban blocks the binding of circulating vitronectin to integrin ανβ3 .
[Sar1, Ile8]-Angiotensin II (TFA) is a peptide that has multiple effects on vascular smooth muscle, including contraction of normal arteries and hypertrophy or hyperplasia of cultured cells or diseased vessels.
S-MGB-234 TFA is a minor groove binder used for African Animal Trypanosomiasis (AAT). S-MGB-234 exhibits excellent in vitro activity against the primary pathogens of AAT: Trypanosoma congolense and Trypanosoma vivax. S-MGB-234 TFA does not show cross-resistance with current diamidine active molecules and is not internalized via the transporters used by diamidines .
Dnp-PLGLWA-DArg-NH2 TFA is a fluorogenic substrate for MMP-1 and MMP-9. Dnp-PLGLWA-DArg-NH2 TFA can be used to quantify the activity of MMPs (Ex=280 nm, Em=360 nm) .
Mal-PEG3-NH2 TFA is a linear heterobifunctional PEG crosslinker with Maleimide (HY-W007324) and amine. Mal-PEG3-NH2 TFA is a non-degradable (non-cleavable) PROTAC linker .
V–C6–Bg-PhCl TFA (compound 5e) is a biguanide-vancomycin conjugate. V–C6–Bg-PhCl TFA has broad-spectrum antibacterial activity against both Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria .
PF-06478939 TFA is a non-brain-penetrating peptide that is an agonist at oxytocin (OT) receptor and vasopressin receptor with EC50 values of 0.01 nM and 0.078 nM, respectively .
187-1, N-WASP inhibitor TFA, a 14-aa cyclic peptide, is an allosteric neural Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome protein (N-WASP) inhibitor. 187-1, N-WASP inhibitor TFA potently inhibits actin assembly induced by phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate (PIP2) with an IC50 of 2 μM. 187-1, N-WASP inhibitor TFA prevents the activation of Arp2/3 complex by N-WASP by stabilizing the autoinhibited state of the protein .
Thalidomide-NH-CH2-COOH TFA is a selective CDK9 degrader with the activity of promoting rapid degradation of CDK9. Thalidomide-NH-CH2-COOH TFA exhibits more sustained effects than traditional CDK9 inhibitors in inducing apoptosis. The conjugation strategy of Thalidomide-NH-CH2-COOH TFA enables its conversion into a more selective degrader, thereby showing new potential in anti-cancer therapy .
YKL-5-124 TFA is a potent, selective, irreversible and covalent CDK7 inhibitor with IC50s of 53.5 nM and 9.7 nM for CDK7 and CDK7/Mat1/CycH, respectively. YKL-5-124 TFA is >100-fold greater selective for CDK7 than CDK9 and CDK2, and inactive against CDK12 and CDK13. YKL-5-124 TFA induces a strong cell-cycle arrest, inhibits E2F-driven gene expression, and exhibits little effect on RNA polymerase II phosphorylation status .
Thalidomide-O-amido-C6-NH2 TFA (Cereblon Ligand-Linker Conjugates 11 TFA), a synthesized E3 ligase ligand-linker conjugate that incorporates the Thalidomide based cereblon ligand and a linker, can be used in the synthesis of PROTACs .
PAD4-IN-2 (compound 5i) TFA is a PAD4 inhibitor (IC50=1.94 μM). PAD4-IN-2 TFA inhibits tumor growth in mice by specifically inhibiting the PAD4-H3cit-NETs pathway in neutrophils .
AAF-CMK TFA (Ala-ala-phe-chloromethylketone tfa; N-Ala-Ala-Phe-CMK) is a subtilisin-type serine peptidase that removes tripeptides from the free NH2 termini of oligopeptides. AAF-CMK TFA is an irreversible inhibitor of TPPII and is typically used at concentrations of 10-100 μM. It does not significantly interfere with the chymotrypsin-like activity of the proteasome. AAF-CMK also inhibits bleomycin hydrolase and puromycin-sensitive aminopeptidase when used at a concentration of 50 μM.
P2X7-IN-2 TFA (compound 58) is a P2X7 receptor inhibitor. P2X7-IN-2 TFA inhibits IL-Iβ release with an IC50 value of 0.01 nM. P2X7-IN-2 TFA can be used for the research of autoimmunity, inflammation and cardiovascular disease .
Boc-MLF (TFA) is a peptide, used as a specific formyl peptide receptor (FPR) antagonist, also inhibits the signaling through formyl peptide receptor like 1 (FPRL1) at higher concentrations .
Galanin Receptor Ligand M35 TFA is a high-affinity ligand and antagonist of galanin receptor (Kd=0.1 nM). Galanin Receptor Ligand M35 TFA exerts a Ki values of 0.11 and 2.0 nM for human galanin receptor type 1 and 2, respectively .
[pTyr5] EGFR (988-993) TFA is derived from the autophosphorylation site (Tyr992) of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR 988-993). [pTyr5] EGFR (988-993) TFA is often complexed with the catalytically inactive protein-tyrosine phosphate 1B (PTP1B) .
Angiotensin II human- 13C6, 15N TFA (Ang II- 13C6, 15N TFA) is 13C- and 15N-labeled Angiotensin II human (TFA) (HY-13948B). Angiotensin II human (Angiotensin II) TFA is a vasoconstrictor and a major bioactive peptide of the renin/angiotensin system. Angiotensin II human TFA plays a central role in regulating human blood pressure, which is mainly mediated by interactions between Angiotensin II and the G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) Angiotensin II type 1 receptor (AT1R) and Angiotensin II type 2 receptor (AT2R). Angiotensin II human TFA stimulates sympathetic nervous stimulation, increases aldosterone biosynthesis and renal actions .
SS47 TFA, a PROTAC-based HPK1 degrader, exerts proteasome-mediated HPK1 degradation. The degradation of HPK1 via SS47 also significantly enhances the in vivo antitumor efficacy of BCMA CAR-T cell research. HPK1, an immunosuppressive regulatory kinase, is a promising target for cancer immunotherapies . SS47 (TFA) is a click chemistry reagent, it contains an Alkyne group and can undergo copper-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition (CuAAc) with molecules containing Azide groups.
Calcitonin Gene Related Peptide (CGRP) II, rat TFA, a CGRP receptor activator, is a potent and long-lasting vasodilator. Calcitonin Gene Related Peptide (CGRP) II TFA can be used in the research of cardiovascular diseases .
WDR5-IN-4 TFA is an inhibitor of the WIN site of chromatin-associated WD repeat-containing protein 5 (WDR5), with a Kd of 0.1 nM. WDR5-IN-4 TFA displaces WDR5 from chromatin and decreases the expression of associated genes, causing translational inhibition, nucleolar stress. Anti-cancer activity .
β-Amyloid (1-43)(human) TFA is more prone to aggregation and has higher toxic properties than the long-known Aβ1-42. β-Amyloid (1-43)(human) TFA shows a correlation with both sAPPα and sAPPβ. β-Amyloid (1-43)(human) TFA could be considered an added Alzheimer's disease (AD) biomarker together with the others already in use .
SETDB1-TTD-IN-1 TFA is a potent, selective and endogenous binder competitive ligand of SET domain bifurcated protein 1 tandem tudor domain (SETDB1-TTD) that binds to TTD, with a Kd of 88 nM. SETDB1-TTD-IN-1 TFA increases SETDB1 methyltransferase activity. SETDB1-TTD-IN-1 TFA can be used for the research of biological functions and disease associations of SETDB1-TTD .
cRGDfK-thioacetyl ester TFA is a bioactive polypeptide molecule. cRGDfK peptide has a selective affinity for integrins. cRGDfK peptide can modify NIR fluorescent probes for cancer targeting imaging .
α-Helical CRF(9-41) TFA is a competitive CRF2 receptor antagonist with KB of ~100 nM. α-Helical CRF(9-41) TFA is also a partial agonist of CRF1 receptor with an EC50 of 140 nM .
GLP-1(32-36)amide TFA, a pentapeptide, derived from the C terminus of the glucoregulatory hormone GLP-1. GLP-1(32-36)amide TFA could inhibit weight gain and modulate whole body glucose metabolism in diabetic mice .
R18 TFA is a peptide antagonists of 14-3-3, with a KD of 70-90 nM. R18 efficiently blocks the binding of 14-3-3 to the kinase Raf-1, a physiological ligand of 14-3-3, and effectively abolished the protective role of 14-3-3 against phosphatase-induced inactivation of Raf-1 .
G-Protein antagonist peptide TFA is a truncated substance P-related peptide, competes with receptor for G protein binding. G-Protein antagonist peptide TFA inhibits the activation of Gi or Go by M2 muscarinic cholinergic receptor (M2 mAChR) or of Gs by beta-adrenergic receptor in the reconstituted phospholipid vesicles, assayed by receptor-promoted GTP hydrolysis .
c(avb6)-DOTA TFA is a conjugate of the αvβ6 integrin selective peptide ring modified with DPTA chelator. The Lu(III) complex of c(avb6)-DOTA TFA has a comparable affinity for αvβ6 integrin (IC50=0.8 nM) and can be used as a tumor diagnostic .
Peptide T (TFA) is an octapeptide from the V2 region of HIV-1 gp120. Peptide T is a ligand for the CD4 receptor and prevents binding of HIV to the CD4 receptor.
Antagonist G TFA is a potent vasopressin antagonist. Antagonist G is also a weak antagonist of GRP and Bradykinin. Antagonist G induces AP-1 transcription and sensitizes cells to chemotherapy .
A-71915 (TFA) is a selective inhibitor of ANP receptor (atrial natriuretic peptide-receptor), induces apoptosis and decreases insulin secretion in RINm5F pancreatic β-cells .
CART(62-76)(human,rat) TFA is a neuropeptide (62-76 residues of the CART peptide) with neurotransmitter-like effects. CART(62-76)(human,rat) TFA can modulate the activity of striatal noradrenergic and corticostriatal and hypothalamic serotoninergic (5-HT) system in the rat brain .
HYNIC-iPSMA TFA is a ligand for molecular imaging of tumors. Hynic-ipsma consists of two components: HYNIC (6-hydrazinonicotinamide) and iPSMA (Inhibitor of Prostate-Specific Membrane Antigen). HYNIC is a compound used to attach radioactive isotopes to targeted molecules. iPSMA is a specific inhibitor used to inhibit prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA). 68GA-labeled iPSMA has been used to detect prostate cancer by PET imaging. The further 99mTc-EDDA/HYNIC-iPSMA TFA has excellent specificity and sensitivity .
Galanin (swine) TFA, a neuropeptide, consists of 29 amino acids and contains a C-terminal amidated glycine. Galanin (swine) inhibits basal and stimulated insulin secretion both in vivo and in vitro under a variety of experimental conditions. Galanin (swine) TFA is a galanin receptor agonist with pKis of 9.63, 9.49, 9.02, 8.98, 8.01 and 8.14 at human GAL1, rat GAL1, human GAL2, rat GAL2, human GAL3 and rat GAL3 respectively .
ATP synthase inhibitor 2 (Compound 22) TFA is a Pseudomonas aeruginosa (PA) ATP synthase inhibitor (IC50=10 μg/mL). ATP synthase inhibitor 2 TFA can inhibit Pseudomonas aeruginosa (PA) ATP synthesis activity completely at 128 μg/mL .
Shepherdin (79-87) TFA is amino acids 79 to 87 fragment of Shepherdin. Shepherdin is a peptidomimetic antagonist of the complex between Hsp90 and Survivin. Anticancer activity .
pm26TGF-β1 TFA peptide is a peptide that mimics a portion of the human TGF-β1 molecule. pm26TGF-β1 peptide TFA shows high affinity for the TGF-β1 receptor. pm26TGF-β1 peptide TFA displays potent anti-inflammatory properties and does not exhibit neutrophils’ chemoattraction .
TAM557 TFA is a cytotoxic tubulysin compounds, which is modified to be used for conjugation to transport vehicles that are targeting molecules, such as proteins, peptides, small molecules or polymeric carriers which can carry a targeting principle .
Murepavadin (POL7080) (TFA), a 14-amino-acid cyclic peptide, is a highly potent, specific antibiotic. Murepavadin exhibits a potent antimicrobial activity for P. aeruginosa with MIC50 and MIC90 values both of 0.12 mg/L. Murepavadin also can target the lipopolysaccharide transport portin D. Murepavadin can be used for the research of bacterial resistance .
d[Cha4]-AVP TFA is a potent and selective vasopressin (AVP) V1b receptor agonist with a Ki of 1.2 nM for human V1b receptor. d[Cha4]-AVP TFA shows more selective for V1b receptor than human V1a receptor, V2 receptor, and oxytocin receptors .
HPV16 E7 (86-93) TFA is a human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-A2.1 restricted HPV16 E7-derived peptide. HPV16 E7 (86-93) TFA is immunogenic in cervical carcinomas .
Kisspeptin-10, human TFA is a potent vasoconstrictor and inhibitor of angiogenesis. Kisspeptin-10, human TFA acts as a tumor metastasis suppressor via its receptor GPR54. Kisspeptin-10-GPR54 system plays an important role in embryonic kidney development. Kisspeptin-10/GPR54 signaling induces osteoblast differentiation via NFATc4-mediated BMP2 expression .
(S,R,S)-AHPC (VH032-NH2) TFA is the VH032-based VHL ligand used in the recruitment of the von Hippel-Lindau (VHL) protein. (S,R,S)-AHPC TFA can be connected to the ligand for protein (e.g., BCR-ABL1) by a linker to form PROTACs (e.g., GMB-475). GMB-475 induces the degradation of BCR-ABL1 with an IC50 of 1.11 μM in Ba/F3 cells .
C-Type Natriuretic Peptide (1-53), human TFA is the 1-53 fragment of C-Type Natriuretic Peptide. C-Type Natriuretic Peptide TFA is natriuretic peptide family peptide that is involved in the maintenance of electrolyte-fluid balance and vascular tone .
β-Amyloid 22-35 (Amyloid β-Protein 22-35) TFA, the residues 22-35 fragment ofβ-amyloid protein, has a cytotoxic effect on cultured neurons from the rat hippocampus in serum-free medium. β-Amyloid 22-35 TFA forms aggregates and typical amyloid fibrils resembling those of the β-amyloid protein in neutral buffer solution) .
Dansyl-Tyr-Val-Gly TFA is a substrate of peptidylglycine monooxygenase (PHM). Peptidylglycine monooxygenase is an essential enzyme for the posttranslational amidation of neuroendocrine peptides .
LSKL, Inhibitor of Thrombospondin (TSP-1) TFA is a latency-associated protein (LAP)-TGFβ derived tetrapeptide and a competitive TGF-β1 antagonist. LSKL, Inhibitor of Thrombospondin (TSP-1) TFA inhibits the binding of TSP-1 to LAP and alleviates renal interstitial fibrosis and hepatic fibrosis. LSKL, Inhibitor of Thrombospondin (TSP-1) TFA suppresses subarachnoid fibrosis via inhibition of TSP-1-mediated TGF-β1 activity, prevents the development of chronic hydrocephalus and improves long-term neurocognitive defects following subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). LSKL, Inhibitor of Thrombospondin (TSP-1) TFA can readily crosse the blood-brain barrier .
AS601245 TFA is an orally active, selective, ATP competitive JNK (c-Jun NH2-terminal protein kinase) inhibitor with IC50s of 150, 220, and 70 nM for three JNK human isoforms (hJNK1, hJNK2, and hJNK3), respectively. AS601245 TFA exhibits 10- to 20-fold selectivity over c-src, CDK2, and c-Raf and more than 50- to 100-fold selectivity over a range of Ser/Thr- and Tyr-protein kinases. Neuroprotective properties .
SDF-1α (human) TFA is a mononuclear cells chemoattractant that can bind to CXCR4. SDF-1α plays a central role in stem cell homing, retention, survival, proliferation, cardiomyocyte repair, angiogenesis and ventricular remodelling following myocardial infarction. SDF-1α (human) TFA can be used in cardiovascular disease research .
(Leu31,Pro34)-Peptide YY (human) (TFA) is the TFA form of (Leu31,Pro34)-Peptide YY (human) (HY-P3877). (Leu31,Pro34)-Peptide YY (human) (TFA) is a Peptide YY (HY-P1514) derivative and is a potent and selective Y1 agonist with a KD of 1.0 nM .
Human PD-L1 inhibitor V TFA, a human PD-1 protein binding peptide with a Kd value of 3.32 μM. Human PD-L1 inhibitor V TFA inhibit the interaction of hPD-1/hPD-L1 .
PACAP-38 (31-38), human, mouse, rat TFA is a PAC1 receptor activator and increases the α-secretase activity. PACAP-38 (31-38), human, mouse, rat TFA elevates cytosolic Ca 2+, increases proliferation and increases phosphorylation of extracellular regulates kinase (ERK) and the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR). PACAP-38 (31-38), human, mouse, rat TFA demonstrates potent, efficacious, and sustained stimulatory effects on sympathetic neuronal NPY and catecholamine production. PACAP-38 (31-38), human, mouse, rat TFA can be used for neurotrophic and neuroprotective research .
Thalidomide-4-NH-PEG1-COOH TFA is an E3 Ligase Ligand-Linker Conjugate consisting of Thalidomide (HY-14658) and NH-PEG3-NH-Boc. Thalidomide-4-NH-PEG1-COOH TFA acts as a ligand for Cereblon to recruit CRBN protein. Thalidomide-4-NH-PEG1-COOH TFA is a key intermediate in the synthesis of CRBN-based PROTAC molecules.
GLP-1(9-36)amide TFA is a major metabolite of glucagon-like peptide-1-(7-36) amide formed by the enzyme dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4). GLP-1(9-36)amide TFA acts as an antagonist to the human pancreatic GLP-1 receptor .
Bz-FVR-AMC TFA is a fluorogenic substrate for procathepsin with a kcat/Km value of 1070 mM -1s -1. The high concentration of BZ-FVR-AMC inhibits the substrate .
[Ala1,3,11,15]-Endothelin (53-63) (TFA) is an ETB agonist. [Ala1,3,11,15]-Endothelin (53-63) (TFA) has selectivity for ET B with IC50 values range from 0.33 nM to 0.61 nM. [Ala1,3,11,15]-Endothelin (53-63) (TFA) can be used for the research of vasoconstriction .
TD-0212 TFA is an orally active dual pharmacology angiotensin II type 1 receptor (AT1) antagonist and neprilysin (NEP) inhibitor, with a pKi of 8.9 for AT1 and a pIC50 of 9.2 for NEP .
α-Synuclein (61-95) (human) TFA is the hydrophobic core region of α-synuclein, and induces neuronal cell death. α-Synuclein (61-95) (human) TFA can be used for research of neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and Parkinson’s disease (PD) .
Omiganan, FITC labeled TFA is a peptide-FITC complex composed of Omiganan and a FITC. Omiganan is a bactericidal and fungicidal cationic peptide being developed as a topical gel for prevention of catheter-associated infections .
Ac9-25 TFA, a N-terminal peptide of Annexin I, acts as a formyl peptide receptor (FPR) agonist and activates the neutrophil NADPH oxidase through FPR .
Crotamine TFA is a Na + channel modulator. Crotamine is a 42 amino acid toxin cross-linked by three disulfide bridges. Crotamine has analgesic activity. Crotamine also interacts with lipid membranes and shows myonecrotic activity. Crotamine can be isolated from Crotalus durissus terrificus venom .
Angiotensinogen (1-14), human TFA is a fragment of the renin substrate angiotensinogen. Angiotensinogen is naturally occurring substrate for renin and a precursor for all angiotensin peptides .
KRAS G12D inhibitor 3 TFA is a KRAS G12D inhibitor with an IC50 of <500 nM. KRAS G12D inhibitor 3 TFA has antitumor effects (WO2022002102A1; compound 146) . KRAS G12D inhibitor 3 (TFA) is a click chemistry reagent, it contains an Alkyne group and can undergo copper-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition (CuAAc) with molecules containing Azide groups.
CMD178 TFA is a lead peptide that consistently reduced the expression of Foxp3 and STAT5 induced by IL-2/s IL-2Rα signaling and inhibits Treg cell development .
Rabies Virus Glycoprotein (TFA) is a 29-amino-acid cell penetrating peptide derived from a rabies virus glycoprotein that can cross the blood-brain barrier (BBB) and enter brain cells .
Urocortin II, human (TFA) is a selective endogenous peptide agonist of type-2 corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF2) receptor. For investigating the role of the CRF (2) receptor in ingestive behavior .
JF526-Taxol (TFA) is a versatile scaffold for fluorogenic probes including ligands for self-labeling tags, stains for endogenous structures, and spontaneously blinking labels for super-resolution immunofluorescence .
Lys-[Des-Arg9]Bradykinin TFA, a naturally occurring kinin, is a potent and highly selective bradykinin B1 receptor agonist with a Ki of 0.12 nM, 1.7 nM and 0.23 nM for human, mouse and rabbit B1 receptors, respectively. Lys-[Des-Arg9]Bradykinin TFA has low inhibitory activity on B2 receptors .
10NH2-11F-Camptothecin TFA is a Camptothecin (HY-16560) analogue that serves as an ADC cytotoxin for the synthesis of antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs). 10NH2-11F-Camptothecin TFA has anticancer effects (WO2022246576A1; compound 140) .
Pro8-Oxytocin TFA is a a modified oxytocin (OXT) ligand. Pro8-Oxytocin produces more potent and efficacious responses at primate OXTR and stronger behavioral effects than the consensus mammalian OXT ligand (Leu8-Oxytocin). Pro8-Oxytocin TFA produce a less efficacious response than Vasopressin (HY-B1811) (AVP) at human AVPR1a and higher efficacious response than AVP at marmoset AVPR1a .
JF526–Pepstatin A TFA is a fluorescent dye that can be used for lysosomal staining in live cells. The excitation maximum is 530 nm and the emission maximum is 549 nm .
SAAP 148 TFA is an antimicrobial and antibiofilm agent, and exhibits inhibitory efficacy against antibiotic-resistant pathogens, with LC50 of 0.8-12.8 μM .
Neurokinin B TFA belongs to the tachykinin family of peptides. Neurokinin B binds a family of GPCRs-including neurokinin receptor 1 (NK1R), NK2R, and NK3R-to mediate their biological effect .
Heteropodatoxin-2 (TFA), a peptides of 30-amino acid, is a heteropodatoxin. Heteropodatoxin-2 blocks Kv4.2 current expressed in Xenopus laevis oocytes in a voltage-dependent manner, with less block at more positive potentials .
Gly-Arg-Gly-Asp-Ser (TFA) is a pentapeptide that forms the cell-binding domain of a glycoprotein, osteopontin . Gly-Arg-Gly-Asp-Ser binds to integrin receptors αvβ3 and αvβ5 with estimated IC50 of ∼5 and ∼6.5 μM .
Tau protein (592-597), human TFA is a peptide fragment of human Tau protein. The dysfunction of Tau protein is involved in neurodegeneration and dementia .
[Des-His1,Glu9]-Glucagon amide TFA is a potent and peptide antagonist of the glucagon receptor, with a pA2 of 7.2. [Des-His1,Glu9]-Glucagon amide TFA is potentially useful in the study of the pathogenesis of diabetes .
PG106 TFA is a potent and selective human melanocortin 3 (hMC3) receptor antagonist (IC50= 210 nM) and has noactivity at hMC4 receptors (EC50=9900 nM) and hMC5 receptor .
PBX-7011 TFA is a derivative of camptothecin (HY-16560), which inhibits expressions of the cancer related survival genes DDX5, Survivin, Mcl-1 and XIAP in cells FaDu, degrades DDX5 proteins and exhibits anticancer activity .
[DPro5] Corticotropin Releasing Factor, human, rat TFA is a selective corticotropin releasing factor/hormone R2 (CRH-R2)agonist. [DPro5] Corticotropin Releasing Factor, human, rat TFA fails to cause the typical anxiogenic effect, but modulates learning and memory processes in rat .
Enterostatin (human,mouse,rat) TFA is a pentapeptide mainly formed in the intestine by the cleavage of secreted pancreatic procolipase. Enterostatin selectively reduces fat intake, bodyweight, and body fat in vivo .
[Arg14,Lys15]Nociceptin TFA is a highly potent and selective NOP receptor (ORL1; OP4) agonist, with an EC50 of 1 nM. [Arg14,Lys15]Nociceptin TFA displays high selectivity over opioid receptors, with IC50s of 0.32, 280, >10000 and 1500 nM for NOP, μ, δ and κ receptors, respectively .
[D-Trp8]-γ-MSH TFA is a potent and selective agonist of melanocortin 3 (MC3) receptor, with IC50s of 6.7 nM, 600 nM and 340 nM for hMC3, hMC4 and hMC5, respectively in CHO cells. [D-Trp8]-γ-MSH TFA could provide protection against multiple inflammatory disorders such as rheumatoid arthritis and colitis .
Dot1L-IN-1 TFA is a highly potent and selective Dot1L inhibitor with a Ki of 2 pM and an IC50 of <0.1 nM. Dot1L-IN-1 TFA potently suppresses H3K79 dimethylation (IC50=3 nM), as well as the activity of the HoxA9 promoter (IC50=17 nM) in HeLa and Molm-13 cells, respectively .
Phrixotoxin 3 TFA is a potent blocker of voltage-gated sodium channels, with IC50s of 0.6, 42, 72, 288, 610 nM for NaV1.2, NaV1.3, NaV1.4, NaV1.1 and NaV1.5, respectively. Phrixotoxin 3 TFA modulates voltage-gated sodium channels with properties similar to those of typical gating-modifier toxins, both by causing a depolarizing shift in gating kinetics and by blocking the inward component of the sodium current .
Thalidomide-4-NH-PEG1-NH2 TFA is an E3 Ligase Ligand-Linker Conjugate consisting of Thalidomide (HY-14658) and NH-PEG3-NH-Boc. Thalidomide-4-NH-PEG1-NH2 TFA acts as a ligand for Cereblon to recruit CRBN protein. Thalidomide-4-NH-PEG1-NH2 TFA is a key intermediate in the synthesis of CRBN-based PROTAC molecules.
Endothelin-3, human, mouse, rabbit, rat TFA is a 21-amino acid vasoactive peptide that binds to G-protein-linked transmembrane receptors, ET-RA and ET-RB.
S961 TFA is an high-affinity and selective insulin receptor (IR) antagonist with IC50s of 0.048, 0.027, and 630 nM for HIR-A, HIR-B, and human insulin-like growth factor I receptor (HIGF-IR) in SPA-assay, respectively .
DOTA-NHS-ester (TFA) is used as a linker for affibody molecules, and it can be employed in small animal positron emission tomography (PET), single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT), and CT scanning. DOTA-NHS-ester can be used to label radiotracers or imaging probes for tumor detection .
Echistatin TFA, the smallest active RGD protein belonging to the family of disintegrins that are derived from snake venoms, is a potent inhibitor of platelet aggregation. Echistatin is a potent inhibitor of bone resorption in culture. Echistatin is a potent antagonist of αIIbβ3, αvβ3 and α5β1 .
α2β1 Integrin Ligand Peptide TFA interacts with the α2β1 integrin receptor on the cell membrane and mediates extracellular signals into cells. It is a potential antagonist of collagen receptors .
Gap 26 TFA is a connexin mimetic peptide, composed of residue numbers 63-75 of the first extracellular loop of connexin 43 (gap junction blocker), containing the SHVR amino acid motif .
PKI (14-24)amide TFA is a potent PKA inhibitor. PKI (14-24)amide strongly inhibited cyclic AMP-dependent protein kinase activity in the cell homogenate .
HCV-1 e2 Protein (554-569) TFA is one of the main antigenic regions of HCV envelope 2 (e2) protein. The HCV-1 e2 Protein (554-569) TFA contains a putative N-glycosylation site, which was previously thought to influence the immune recognition of e2 .
PDZ1 Domain inhibitor peptide TFA, a cyclic peptide, incorporates a β-Ala lactam side chain linker and targets the PDZ1 domains of the postsynaptic density protein 95 (PSD-95). PDZ1 Domain inhibitor peptide TFA disrupts the GluR6/PSD-95 interaction and is very efficient in competing against the C terminus of GluR6 for the PDZ1 domain .
TAT-BH4 (Bcl-xL) TFA is localized mainly at the mitochondria, prevents apoptotic cell death. TAT-BH4 (Bcl-xL) is a fusion peptide that combines the N-terminal cysteine conjugated protein transduction domain of HIV TAT protein (amino acids 49 to 57) with the Bcl-xL BH4 peptide. TAT-BH4 TFA can be used for research of diseases caused by accelerated apoptosis .
β-Glucuronide-dPBD-PEG5-NH2 TFA is the β-glucuronide-linked pyrrolobenzodiazepine dimer, which binds to the prenylated antibody for synthesis of antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) cIRCR201-dPBD.β-glucuronide-linkage as a cleavable linker. β-Glucuronide-dPBD-PEG5-NH2 TFA, as a proagent of cIRCR201-dPBD, reduces side effects. β-Glucuronide-dPBD-PEG5-NH2 TFA can induce apoptosis and arrest cell cycle. β-Glucuronide-dPBD-PEG5-NH2 TFA has antitumor activity .
BAM(8-22) TFA, a proteolytically cleaved product of proenkephalin A, is a potent activator of Mas-related G-protein-coupled receptors (Mrgprs), MrgprC11 and hMrgprX1, and induces scratching in mice in an Mrgpr-dependent manner .
KMG-301AM TFA is the acetoxy methyl esterified form of KMG-301. KMG-301AM TFA successfully accumulates in mitochondria and then it is hydrolyzed to KMG-301. KMG-301 is an Mg 2+-selective fluorescent probe functional in mitochondria in intact cells. Since the mitochondrial membrane is impermeable to KMG-301, it is not released upon depolarization of the mitochondrial membrane potential. KMG-301 can indicate changes in mitochondrial Mg2+ concentration and shows Mg 2+ transport across the mitochondrial membrane in the early phases of a cellular model .
D-Leu-Pro-Arg-Rh110-D-Pro TFA is a substrate for Factor Xa I (FXIa) with binding affinity. D-Leu-Pro-Arg-Rh110-D-Pro TFA consists of Rhodamine 110 (HY-D0817) linked to a peptide chain through a cleavable bond. Cleavable bond cleavage enhances fluorophore intensity. D-Leu-Pro-Arg-Rh110-D-Pro TFA can be used to detect FXIa activity .
Lactoferricin B (4-14), bovine (TFA), a peptide corresponding to residues 4-14 of bovine lactoferrin, has antimicrobial activity against a wide range of microorganisms .
Protein Kinase C (19-31) TFA, a peptide inhibitor of protein kinase C (PKC), derived from the pseudo-substrate regulatory domain of PKCa (residues 19-31), is used as protein kinase C substrate peptide for testing the protein kinase C activity .
Ac-RLR-AMC (Ac-Arg-Leu-Arg-AMC) TFA is a fluorogenic substrate for the 26S proteasome (Ex/Em: 380/440-460 nm). AMC is released upon cleavage, and its fluorescence can be used to quantify the trypsin-like activity of 26S proteasomes .
Endomorphin 2 TFA, a high affinity, highly selective agonist of the μ-opioid receptor, displays reasonable affinities for kappa3 binding sites, with Ki value between 20 and 30 nM .
Protease-Activated Receptor-1, PAR-1 Agonist TFA is a selective proteinase-activated receptor1 (PAR-1) agonist peptide. Protease-Activated Receptor-1, PAR-1 Agonist TFA corresponds to PAR1 tethered ligand and which can selectively mimic theactions of thrombin via this receptor .
APETx2 TFA, a sea anemone peptide from Anthopleura elegantissima, is a selective and reversible ASIC3 inhibitor, with an IC50 of 63 nM. APETx2 directly inhibits the ASIC3 channel by acting at its external side. APETx2 could reverses acid‐induced and inflammatory pain .
[Leu31,Pro34]-Neuropeptide Y(human,rat) TFA is a specific neuropeptide Y Y1 receptor agonist. [Leu31,Pro34]-Neuropeptide Y(human,rat) TFA slao activates Y4, Y5. [Leu31,Pro34]-Neuropeptide Y(human,rat) TFA can increase blood pressure in anesthetized rats and increases food intake .
2H-Cho-Arg (TFA) is a steroid-based cationic lipid that contains a 2H-cholesterol skeleton coupled to an L-arginine head group and can be used to facilitate gene transfection.
hDDAH-1-IN-1 TFA (compound 8a) is a potent and selective non-amino acid catalytic site inhibitor of human dimethylarginine dimethylaminohydrolase-1 (hDDAH-1), with a Ki of 18 µM .
Macropa-NH2 TFA is the precursor of Macropa-NCS. Macropa-NCS is conjugated to trastuzumab as well as to the prostate-specific membrane antigen-targeting compound RPS-070 and is a promising therapeutic radionuclide applied in the treatment of soft-tissue metastases .
UNC3866 TFA is a potent antagonist of the CBX7-H3 interaction as determined by AlphaScreen (IC50=66±1.2 nM) and is more than 100-fold selective for CBX7 over the other nine members of this methyl-lysine (Kme) reader panel.
Tat-beclin 1 TFA, a peptide derived from a region of the autophagy protein (beclin 1), is a potent inducer of autophagy and interacts with negative regulator of autophagy, GAPR-1 (GLIPR2). Tat-beclin 1 TFA decreases the accumulation of polyglutamine expansion protein aggregates and the replication of several pathogens (including HIV-1) in vitro, and reduces mortality in mice infected with chikungunya (CHIKV) or West Nile virus (WNV) .
Syntide 2 (TFA), a Ca 2+- and calmodulin (CaM)-dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII) substrate peptide, selectively inhibits the gibberellin (GA) response, leaving constitutive and abscisic acid-regulated events unaffected .
GR231118 TFA, an analogue of the C-terminus of neuropeptide Y, is a potent , competitive and relative seletive antagonist at human neuropeptide YY receptor with a pKi of 10.4. GR231118 a potent agonist at the human neuropeptide YY4 receptor (pEC50=8.6; pKi=9.6) and a weak agonist at the human and rat neuropeptide Y Y2 and Y5 receptors. GR231118 also has high affinity for the mouse neuropeptide YY6 receptor (pKi= 8.8) .
Asp-Asp-Asp-Asp-Asp-Asp TFA is a polyaspartic acid. The specificity of the catalytic and antigenic sites of influenza virus neuraminidase is related to the number of specific amino acids.
OVA-E1 peptide TFA, is an antagonist variant of SIINFEKL [OVA (257-264). OVA-E1 peptide, activates the p38 and JNK cascades similarly in mutant and wild-type thymocytes .
GR 94800 TFA is a potent and selective NK2 receptor peptide antagonist, with pKB values of 9.6, 6.4 and 6.0 for NK2, NK1 and NK3 receptors, respectively .
D[LEU4,LYS8]-VP TFA is a selective agonist of vasopressin V1b receptor, with the Kis of 0.16 nM, 0.52 nM, and 0.1.38 nM for rat, human and mouse V1b receptor, respectively. D[LEU4,LYS8]-VP TFA has weak antidiuretic, vasopressor, and in vitro oxytocic activities .
GABAA receptor agent 2 TFA is a potent and high-affinity GABAA receptor antagonist with an IC50 of 24 nM (human α1β2γ2 GABAA-expressing tsA201 cells) and a Ki of 28 nM (rat GABAA receptors). GABAA receptor agent 2 TFA is inactive against four human GABA transporters (hGAT-1, hBGT-1, hGAT-2, and hGAT-3) .
PROTAC CDK12/13 Degrader-1 (7f) TFA is a highly selective cell cycle protein-dependent kinase CDK12/CDK13 dual degrader with the DC50 values of 2.2 nM and 2.1 nM, respectively. PROTAC CDK12/13 Degrader-1 TFA has anti-proliferative activity and can be used in breast cancer research .
MM-589 TFA is a potent inhibitor of WD repeat domain 5 (WDR5) and mixed lineage leukemia (MLL) protein-protein interaction. MM-589 binds to WDR5 with an IC50 of 0.90 nM and inhibits the MLL H3K4 methyltransferase activity with an IC50 of 12.7 nM .
Acetyl-Calpastatin(184-210)(human) TFA is a potent, selective and reversible calpain inhibitor with Ki values of 0.2 nM and 6 μM for µ-calpain and cathepsin L, respectively .
β-Amyloid (1-42), (rat/mouse) TFA is a 42-aa peptide, shows cytotoxic effect on acute hippocampal slices, and used in the research of Alzheimer's disease.
Boc-Gly-Gly-Phe-Gly-OH TFA, a self-assembly of N- and C-protected tetrapeptide, is a protease cleavable linker used for the antibody-drug conjugate (ADC).
Deltasonamide 1 TFA is a PDE6δ-KRas inhibitor. Deltasonamide 1 can inhibit PDE6δ-KRas with a KD of 203 pM. Deltasonamide 1 can be used for the research of tumors .
Urotensin I (Catostomus urotensin I) TFA, a CRF-like neuropeptide, acts as an agonist of CRF receptor with pEC50s of 11.46, 9.36 and 9.85 for human CRF1, human CRF2 and rat CRF2α receptors in CHO cells, and Kis of 0.4, 1.8, and 5.7 nM for hCRF1, rCRF2α and mCRF2β receptors, respectively .
Adrenomedullin (AM) (22-52), human (22-52-Adrenomedullin human) TFA, an NH2 terminal truncated adrenomedullin analogue, is an adrenomedullin receptor antagonist. Adrenomedullin (AM) (22-52), human also antagonizes the calcitonin generelated peptide (CGRP) receptor in the hindlimb vascular bed of the cat .
Thalidomide-O-PEG4-amine TFA is a synthesized E3 ligase ligand-linker conjugate that incorporates the Thalidomide based cereblon ligand and a linker used in PROTAC technology .
Thalidomide-NH-(CH2)2-NH2 TFA is an alkyl-modified Thalidomide (HY-14658) that acts as a Cereblon ligand to recruit CRBN proteins. Thalidomide-NH-(CH2)2-NH2 TFA is a key intermediate in the synthesis of CRBN-based PROTAC molecules designed to synthesize small PROTAC molecules targeting SHP2 protein.
WKYMVM-NH2 TFA is a potent N-formyl peptide receptor (FPR1) and FPRL1/2 agonist, also activates several leukocyte effector functions such as chemotaxis, mobilization of complement receptor-3, and activation of the NADPH oxidase .
{Boc}-Phe-Leu-Phe-Leu-Phe TFA is a formyl peptide receptor (FPR) family antagonist that preferentially inhibits activity triggered through the formyl peptide receptor .
HBED-CC-tris(tert-butyl ester) TFA, a HBED-CC derivative, is a bifunctional chelating agent. HBED-CC-tris(tert-butyl ester) is used in agricultural research and radiopharmacy .
PAMP-12 (unmodified) TFA is a potent MRGPRX2 (MrgX2) agonist (EC50=20-50 nM). PAMP-12 (unmodified) is an endogenous peptide that elicit hypotension through inhibiting catecholamine secretion from sympathetic nerve endings and adrenal chromaffin cells .
Spantide I TFA, a substance P analog, is a selective NK1 receptor antagonist, with Ki values of 230 nM and 8150 nM for NK1 and NK2 receptor, respectively. Spantide I provides an approach to reduce type 1 and enhance the type 2 cytokine IL-10 in the infected cornea, leading to a significant reduction in corneal perforation .
ProTx II TFA is a selective blocker of Nav1.7 sodium channels with an IC50 of 0.3 nM, and is at least 100-fold selective for Nav1.7 over other sodium channel subtypes. ProTx-II inhibits sodium channels by decreasing channel conductance and shifting activation to more positive potentials and blocks action potential propagation in nociceptors .
Ac-IEPD-AMC TFA is a fluorescent substrate used to measure protease activity. Ac-IEPD-AMC undergoes hydrolysis and releases the fluorescent product 7-amino-4-methylcoumarin (AMC). AMC fluoresces under UV light irradiation and can emit fluorescent signals .
(Pyr3)-Amyloid β-Protein (3-42) TFA is the predominant amyloid β-peptide structure deposited in human brain of Alzheimer's disease and Down's syndrome patients. (Pyr3)-Amyloid β-Protein (3-42) TFA is suggested to accumulate in the brain and to trigger the formation of insoluble amyloid β-peptide deposits .
LCMV gp33-41 (TFA), the carboxyl-extended 11-aa-long peptide, is an lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus sequence restricted by MHC class I H-2Db molecules and presented to cytotoxic T lymphocytes .
Nociceptin (1-13), amide TFA is a potent ORL1 receptor (opioid receptor-like 1 receptor, OP4) agonist with a pEC50 of 7.9 for mouse vas deferens and a Ki of 0.75 nM for binding to rat forebrain membranes .
Tri-GalNAc(OAc)3 TFA is a tri-GalNAc ligand that can be used for the synthesis of GalNAc-LYTAC. GalNAc-LYTAC engages the asialoglycoprotein receptor for targeted protein degradation. tri-GalNAc: triantenerrary N-acetylgalactosamine; LYTAC: lysosome-targeting chimera .
Fmoc-Cys-Asp10 (TFA) is a non-releasable oligopeptide linker, involves in the synthesis of releasable oligopeptide linker. Releasable oligopeptide linker can be used to deliver agent to a bone fracture-homing oligopeptide and reduces fractured femur healing times .
Mal-NH-PEG-NH2 (TFA) (MW 2000) is a PEG derivative that may be used for thiol PEGylation of protein molecules. Its maleimide group (-Mal) degrades in aqueous media and finds application in drug delivery studies.
RFRP-3 (Neuropeptide VF(124-131))(human) TFA, a human GnIH peptide homolog, is a potent inhibitor of gonadotropin secretion by inhibiting Ca 2+?mobilization. RFRP-3(human) is a NPFF1?receptor agonist, it inhibits forskolin-induced production of cAMP with an IC50 of 0.7 nM .
Thalidomide-O-amido-C3-NH2 TFA is a synthesized E3 ligase ligand-linker conjugate that incorporates the Thalidomide based cereblon ligand and a linker used in PROTAC technology.
(S,R,S)-AHPC-C3-NH2 TFA (VH032-C3-NH2 TFA) is a synthesized E3 ligase ligand-linker conjugate that incorporates the VH032 based VHL ligand and a linker used in PROTAC technology. (S,R,S)-AHPC-C3-NH2 can be used in the synthesis of a series of PROTACs, such as UNC6852 (HY-130708). UNC6852 is an EED-targeted bivalent chemical degrader .
Mal-PEG4-VC-PAB-DMEA TFA is a degradable ADC linker containing a maleimide group and can be used to synthesize antibody conjugate active molecules (ADCs) .
WKYMVm (TFA) is a selective formylpeptide receptor 2 (FPR2) agonist. WKYMVm has a powerful anti-inflammatory effect that can reduce lung injury and spinal cord injury. WKYMVm ameliorates obesity by regulating lipid metabolism and leptin signaling. In addition, WKYMVm is involved in the regulation of immune cells by activating FPRs, and WKYMVm can promote the chemotactic migration of immune cells and regulate the number and maturation of immune cells .
VSGLNPSLWSIFGLQFILLWLVSGSRHYLW (TFA) is a 30-amino-acid peptide mimicking the C-terminal domain of α2δ-1, termed as α2δ-1Tat peptide. VSGLNPSLWSIFGLQFILLWLVSGSRHYLW can effectively interrupt the α2δ-1 - NMDAR interaction in vitro and in vivo. VSGLNPSLWSIFGLQFILLWLVSGSRHYLW can be used for researching neuropathic pain .
HIF-1 alpha (556-574) TFA is a short hypoxia-inducible factor-1 (HIF-1) 19 residues fragment. HIF-1 functions as master regulator of response to oxygen homeostasis .
Ac2-26 TFA, an active N-terminal peptide of annexin A1 (AnxA1), attenuates ischemia-reperfusion-induced acute lung injury. Ac2-26 also decreases AnxA1 protein expression, inhibits the activation of NF-κB and MAPK pathways in the injured lung tissue .
[Ala11,D-Leu15]-Orexin B(human) TFA is a potent and selective orexin-2 receptor (OX2) agonist. [Ala11,D-Leu15]-Orexin B(human) TFA shows a 400-fold selectivity for the OX2 (EC50=0.13 nM) over OX1 (52 nM) .
Epsilon-(gamma-glutamyl)-lysine (H-Glu(H-Lys-OH)-OH) TFA is an N(6)-acyl-L-lysine derivative. The enzyme tissue transglutaminase (tTg) helps the formation of epsilon-(gamma-glutamyl)lysine bonds between ECM components in some disease, such as non-diabetic kidney, glaucoma filtration .
IGF-I (30-41) (TFA) is amino acids 30 to 41 fragment of Insulin-like Growth Factor I (IGF-I). IGF-I is partly responsible for systemic GH activities although it possesses a wide number of own properties (anabolic, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and cytoprotective actions) .
Galanin (1-29)(rat, mouse) TFA is a non-selective galanin receptor agonist, with Kis of 0.98, 1.48 and 1.47 nM for GAL1, GAL2 and GAL3, respectively. Anticonvulsant effect .
mDPR-Val-Cit-PAB-MMAE TFA is a drug-linker conjugate for ADC (Drug-Linker Conjugates for ADC), consisting of a tubulin polymerization inhibitor MMAE (HY-15162) and an ADC linker (peptide Val-Cit- PAB) composition [1] .
Endothelin 1 (swine, human) (TFA) is a synthetic peptide with the sequence of human and swine Endothelin 1, which is a potent endogenous vasoconstrictor. Endothelin 1 acts through two types of receptors ETA and ETB .
Atrial Natriuretic Peptide (ANP) (1-28), rat, mouse (TFA) is a major circulating form of ANP in rats, potently inhibits Angiotensin II (Ang II)-stimulated endothelin-1 secretion in a concentration-dependent manner.
Urocortin III, mouse TFA is a corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF)-related peptide. Urocortin III preferentially binds and activates CRF-R2 . Urocortin III (Ucn3) is a known component of the behavioral stress response system. Urocortin III and CRF-R2 in the medial amygdala regulate complex social dynamics .
RFRP-1(human) TFA is a potent endogenous NPFF receptor agonist (EC50 values are 0.0011 and 29 nM for NPFF2 and NPFF1, respectively). Attenuates contractile function of isolated rat and rabbit cardiac myocytes. Reduces heart rate, stroke volume, ejection fraction and cardiac output, and increases plasma prolactin levels in rats.
Biotin-COG1410 TFA is a biotin labled COG1410 (HY-P2136). COG1410 is an apolipoprotein E-derived peptide and an apoptosis inhibitor. COG1410 exerts neuroprotective and antiinflammatory effects in a murine model of traumatic brain injury (TBI). COG1410 can be used for the research of neurological disease .
MM-401 (TFA) is a MLL1 H3K4 methyltransferase inhibitor. MM-401 inhibits MLL1 activity (IC50 = 0.32 µM) by blocking MLL1-WDR5 interaction. MM-401 can induce cell cycle arrest, apoptosis and differentiation. MM-401 can be used for the research of MLL leukemia .
[(pF)Phe4]Nociceptin(1-13)NH2 TFA is a highly potent and selective NOP receptor (OP4) agonist, with a pKi of 10.68 and a pEC50 of 9.31. [(pF)Phe4]Nociceptin(1-13)NH2 TFA displays high selectivity over δ, κ, and μ opioid receptors (>3000 fold) .
des-Gln14-Ghrelin TFA is a second endogenous ligand for the growth hormone secretagogue receptor. a). des-Gln14-ghrelin potently induces increases in [Ca 2+]i in CHO-GHSR62 cells, with an EC50 of 2.4 nM .
AAK1-IN-3 TFA, a quinoline analogue, is a brain-penetrant adaptor protein 2-associated kinase 1 (AAK1) inhibitor with an IC50 of 11 nM. AAK1-IN-3 has the potential for neuropathic pain research .
7-Aminomethyl-10-methyl-11-fluoro camptothecin TFA is a cytotoxin of MC-AAA-NHCH2OCH2COO-7-aminomethyl-10-methyl-11-fluoro camptothecin (HY-132158). 7-Aminomethyl-10-methyl-11-fluoro camptothecin TFA can be used for the synthesis of camptothecin antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) .
7-TFA-ap-7-Deaza-ddG (compound 19d, US20060281100A1), a nucleotide derivative, can be used in the synthesis of thiotriphosphate nucleotide dye terminators which can be used in DNA sequencing reactions .
7-TFA-ap-7-Deaza-ddA (compound 19c, US20060281100A1), a nucleotide derivative, can be used in the synthesis of thiotriphosphate nucleotide dye terminators which can be used in DNA sequencing reactions .
Thalidomide-NH-C6-NH2 TFA is a synthesized E3 ligase ligand-linker conjugate that incorporates the Thalidomide based cereblon ligand and a linker used in PROTAC technology .
Thalidomide-NH-C4-NH2 TFA (compound 29c) is an E3 ligase ligand-linker conjugate, and incorporates the Thalidomide based cereblon ligand and a linker. Thalidomide-NH-C4-NH2 TFA is used in PROTAC BRD2/BRD4 degrader-1 (HY-130612). PROTAC BRD2/BRD4 degrader-1 is a potent and selective BET protein BRD4 and BRD2 degrader .
NH2-methylpropanamide-Exatecan TFA is a methylpropanamide-modified Exatecan (HY-13631), which is the common ADC Cytotoxin used in the synthesis of ADC. Exatecan is a DNA topoisomerase I inhibitor, with an IC50 of 2.2 μM (0.975 μg/mL), and can be used in cancer research .
Tat-NR2BAA TFA is the control peptide of Tat-NR2B9c (HY-P0117), inactive. The sequence of Tat-NR2BAA TFA is similar to Tat-NR2B9c, but it has a double-point mutation in the COOH terminal tSXV motif, making it incapable of binding PSD-95. Tat-NR2B9c is a membrane-permeant peptide and disrupts PSD-95/NMDAR binding, correlate with uncoupling NR2B- and/or NR2A-type NMDARs from PSD-95 .
Parathyroid Hormone (1-34), bovine TFA is a potent parathyroid hormone (PTH) receptor agonist. Parathyroid Hormone (1-34), bovine increases calcium and inorganic phosphate levels in vivo. Parathyroid Hormone (1-34), bovine can be used for th reseach of osteoporosis .
α-Synuclein (61-75) TFA is the 61-75 fragment of α-Synuclein. α-Synuclein is an abundant neuronal protein that is highly enriched in presynaptic nerve terminals. α-Synuclein is a potential biomarker for Parkinson's disease (PD) .
BA 1 TFA is a potent agonist for the bombesin (BB) family of receptors. BA1 binds with high affinity to Bombesin receptor subtype-3 (BRS3), gastrin releasing peptide receptor (GRPR), neuromedin B receptor (NMBR) with IC50s of 6, 0.4, 2.5 nM .
CYN 154806 TFA, a cyclic octapeptide, is a potent and selective somatostatin sst2 receptor antagonist, with pIC50 values of 8.58, 5.41, 6.07, 5.76 and 6.48 for human recombinant sst2, sst1, sst3, sst4 and sst5 receptors respectively .
NH2-UAMC1110 TFA is a UAMC1110 derivative that can be used in the synthesis of FAPI-QS. UAMC1110 is a fibroblast activation protein (FAP) inhibitor. FAPI-QS is a chelating agent that can be used to synthesize high tumor selectivity and high dose radiotracers for the diagnosis and treatment of tumors .
GVSKYG-PEG2-azide (TFA) is a click chemistry reagent, it contains an Azide group and can undergo copper-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition reaction (CuAAc) with molecules containing Alkyne groups. Strain-promoted alkyne-azide cycloaddition (SPAAC) can also occur with molecules containing DBCO or BCN groups.
W1131 TFA is a potent STAT3 inhibitor that induces ferroptosis. W1131 inhibits cancer progression in subcutaneous xenograft, organoid, and PDX models of gastric cancer. W1131 effectively alleviates cancer cell chemoresistance to 5-FU (HY-90006). W1131 regulates the cell cycle, DNA damage response, and oxidative phosphorylation, including the IL6-JAK-STAT3 pathway and the ferroptosis pathway .
TNF-α (31-45), human TFA is a potent NF-kB pathway activator. TNF-αis a proinflammatory cytokine that induces necrosis or apoptosis. TNF alpha stimulates NF-κB pathway via TNFR2 promotes cancer growth, invasion, and metastasis .
GIP (1-30) amide, porcine TFA is a full glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) receptor agonist with high affinity equal to native GIP(1-42) . GIP (1-30) amide, porcine is a weak inhibitor of gastric acid secretion and potent stimulator of insulin.
Jagged-1 (188-204) TFA is a fragment of the Jagged-1 (JAG-1) protein with Notch agonist activity. JAG-1 is a Notch ligand highly expressed in cultured and primary multiple myeloma (MM) cells. JAG-1 induces maturation of monocyte-derived human dendritic cells .
Notch 1 TFA (Notch homolog 1, translocation-associated) can encode a member of the NOTCH family of proteins. Members of this Type I transmembrane protein family share structural characteristics including an extracellular domain consisting of multiple epidermal growth factor-like (EGF) repeats, and an intracellular domain consisting of multiple different domain types .
[D-Trp7,9,10]-Substance P TFA is a substance P analogue. Substance P stimulates substance P receptors but also inhibits ion conductance through nicotinic acetylcholine receptors .
Thalidomide-O-amide-C5-NH2 TFA is a synthesized E3 ligase ligand-linker conjugate that incorporates the Thalidomide based cereblon ligand and a linker used in PROTAC technology .
Autocamtide-2-related inhibitory peptide, myristoylated TFA is the myristoylated Autocamtide-2-related inhibitory peptide. Autocamtide-2-related inhibitory peptide is a highly specific and potent inhibitor of CaMKII with an IC50 of 40 nM .
Protein kinase C α peptide (TFA) is a peptide of PKC-α. PKC-α acts as a lipid-dependent ser/thr protein kinase, can modulate various cellular processes, including cell survival, proliferation, differentiation, migration, adhesion and so on .
Thalidomide-PEG2-C2-NH2 TFA is a synthesized E3 ligase ligand-linker conjugate that incorporates the Thalidomide based cereblon ligand and 2-unit PEG linker used in PROTAC technology .
Biotin-DADOO (TFA) is a multifunctional dye. Dyes are important tools in biological experiments. They can help researchers observe and analyze cell structures, track biomolecules, evaluate cell functions, distinguish cell types, detect biomolecules, study tissue pathology and monitor microorganisms. Their applications range from basic scientific research to clinical A wide range of diagnostics. Dyes are also widely used in traditional fields such as textile dyeing, as well as in emerging fields such as functional textile processing, food pigments and dye-sensitized solar cells.
STING agonist-20-Ala-amide-PEG2-C2-NH2 (Compound 30b) TFA is an active scaffold comprising a stimulator of interferon genes (STING). STING agonist-20-Ala-amide-PEG2-C2-NH2 TFA can be used to synthesize immune-stimulating antibody conjugate (ISAC). STING agonist-20-Ala-amide-PEG2-C2-NH2 TFA can be used for the research of cancer .
CL2E-SN-38 TFA, a highly releasable and structurally stable antibody-SN-38-conjugate, is a part of the antibody drug conjugate (ADC). SN-38, the active metabolite of Irinotecan from camptothecins, is an Topoisomerase I inhibitor .
Macrophage-activating lipopeptide 2 TFA is an agonist of Toll like receptors TLR-2/TLR-6. Macrophage-activating lipopeptide-2 enhances endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) phosphorylation and endothelial cell release of NO, thereby improving vasodilation. Macrophage-activating lipopeptide-2 enhances endothelial adhesion of white blood cells and improve perfusion recovery and collateral growth in the hind limbs of hypercholesterolemic Apoe deficient mice undergoing experimental femoral artery ligation (FAL) .
[Ala17]-MCH TFA, a MCH analogue (HY-P1525A), is a selective ligand for MCHR1 (Ki=0.16 nM) over MCHR2 (Ki=34 nM). [Eu 3+ chelate-labeled [Ala17]-MCH shows high affnity for MCHR1 (Kd=0.37 nM) while has little demonstrable binding affnity for MCHR2 .
PACAP (1-38), human, ovine, rat TFA is a neuropeptide with 38 amino acid residues. PACAP (1-38) binds to PACAP type I receptor, PACAP type II receptor VIP1, and PACAP type II receptor VIP2 with IC50s of 4 nM, 2 nM, and 1 nM, respectively.
PACAP (6-38), human, ovine, rat TFA is a potent PACAP receptor antagonist with IC50s of 30, 600, and 40 nM for PACAP type I receptor, PACAP type II receptor VIP1, and PACAP type II receptor VIP2, respectively.
Liraglutide- 13C6, 15N (TFA)is the 13C and 15N labeledLiraglutide(HY-P0014). Liraglutide is a glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonist used clinically to treat type 2 diabetes mellitus .
GAD65(247-266) epitope TFA is the T cell epitopes of islet antigens，binding to I-A g7 (type I diabetes-associated molecule) competitively with poor affinity. GAD65 refers to Glutamic Acid Decarboxylase 65，involved in the conversion of glutamate to gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) .
Thalidomide-O-amido-PEG3-C2-NH2 TFA is a synthesized E3 ligase ligand-linker conjugate that incorporates the Thalidomide based cereblon ligand and 3-unit PEG linker used in PROTAC technology.
Thalidomide-O-amido-PEG2-C2-NH2 TFA is a synthesized E3 ligase ligand-linker conjugate that incorporates the Thalidomide based cereblon ligand and 2-unit PEG linker used in PROTAC technology.
Tat-GluR23Y, scrambled TFA is the scrambled peptide of Tat-GluR23Y (HY-P2259). Tat-GluR23Y is a synthetic peptide containing tyrosine residues that inhibit AMPAR endocytosis and is effective in the research of long-term depression (LTD) .
Mal-PEG8-Phe-Lys-PAB-Exatecan TFA is a agent-linker conjugate for ADC, composed of degradable linker Mal-PEG8-Phe-Lys-PAB and toxin molecule Exatecan (HY-13631) .
PROTAC SOS1 degrader-1 (TFA) is a potent PROTAC SOS1 degrader with an DC50 of 98.4 nM. PROTAC SOS1 degrader-1 shows antiproliferation activity in cancer cells with various KRAS mutations. PROTAC SOS1 degrader-1 shows antitumor effect with low toxicity .
FTISADTSK- 13C6, 15N2TFA is 13C- and 15N-labeled FTISADTSK (HY-P3146). FTISADTSK is an endogenous stable signature peptide from Trastuzumab monitored by selected reaction monitoring (SRM) .
SRI 31215 (TFA) is a Matriptase/Hepsin/hepatocyte growth factor activator (HGFA) triplex inhibitor and mimics the activity of HAI-1/2 (endogenous inhibitors of HGF activation). SRI 31215 has potent inhibitory activity against matriptase, hepsin and HGFA with IC50 values of 0.69 μM, 0.65 μM and 0.30 μM, respectively. SRI 31215 can be used for the research of cancer .
[pSer2, pSer5, pSer7]-CTD (TFA), a substrate for CDK7 (cyclin dependent protein kinase), is a phosphorylated polypeptide at ser2, ser5 and ser7 sites of RNA polymerase II carboxy-terminal domain (CTD) .
Ac-RYYRIK-NH2 TFA is a potent and partial agonist on ORL1 transfected in CHO cells (Kd=1.5 nM) and behaves as a endogenous ligand of ORL1. Ac-RYYRIK-NH2 is a specific antagonist for the activation of G protein and competitively antagonizes the stimulation of [ 35S]-GTPgS binding to G proteins by nociceptin/orphanin FQ (noc/OFQ) in membranes and sections of rat brain .
BIM 23042 TFA, a certain somatostatin (SS) octapeptide analogue, is a selective neuropeptide neuromedin B receptor (NMB-R, BB1) antagonist. BIM 23042 has 100-fold lower affinity for gastrin-releasing peptide (GRP) receptor (BB2). BIM 23042 inhibits Neuromedin B (HY-P0241), ICI 216140 and DPDM-bombesin ethylamide-induced Ca 2+ release .
Angiotensin II (1-4), human (TFA) is an endogenous peptide produced from AT I by angiotensin-converting-enzyme (ACE). Angiotensin II binds the AT II type 1 (AT1) receptor, stimulating GPCRs in vascular smooth muscle cells and increasing intracellular Ca 2+ levels. Angiotensin II also acts at the Na +/H + exchanger in the proximal tubules of the kidney .
Thalidomide-4-O-C6-NH2 TFA is a synthesized E3 ligase ligand-linker conjugate used in the PROTAC dTAG-13 (HY-114421), a degrader of FKBP12 F36V and BET .
Ac-Tyr(PO3H2)-Glu-Glu-Ile-Glu-OH TFA (compound 1) is a high-affinity pentapeptide to bind to the src SH2 domain (IC50≈1 µM). Ac-Tyr(PO3H2)-Glu-Glu-Ile-Glu-OH TFA is an inhibitor for src SH3-SH2:phosphoprotein interactions .
DEC-RVRK-CMK (Decanoyl-Arg-Val-Arg-Lys-chloromethylketone) TFA is a peptide-based CMK (chloromethylketone) inhibitor that targets and inactivates the secreted soluble kexin (Kex2) (Ki=8.45 μM). The yeast enzyme Kex2 (kexin, EC 3.4.21.61) is a calcium-dependent transmembrane protease and belongs to the mammalian protease family of the serine protease subtilisin family. The binding mechanism of Kex2 with different CMK inhibitors depends on substrate selectivity, particularly the selective differences between lysine and arginine at the P1 position .
Angiotensin I/II 1-5 TFA is a peptide that contains the amino acids 1-5, which is converted from Angiotensin I/II. Angiotensin I is formed by the action of renin on angiotensinogen. Angiotensin II is produced from angiotensin I. Angiotensin II has been investigated for the treatment, basic science, and diagnostic of Hypertension, Renin Angiotensin System, and Idiopathic Membranous Nephropathy .
5'-O-TBDMS-dG is a modified nucleoside. 5'-O-DMT-2'-O-TBDMS-rI can be used in the synthesis of deoxyribonucleic acid or nucleic acid. 7-TFA-ap-7-Deaza-dG is a click chemistry reagent, it contains an Alkyne group and can undergo copper-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition (CuAAc) with molecules containing Azide groups.
DSPSAPVNVT(Val- 13C5, 15)R TFA is the 13C and 15N-labeled DSPSAPVNVT(Val)R. Radioactive isotopes labeled compounds can be used in metabolic analysis, allowing the movement of individual atoms to be precisely tracked and quantified .
FIQE(Val- 13C5, 15N)NTTTR TFA is the 13C and 15N-labeled FIQE(Val)NTTTR. Radioactive isotopes labeled compounds can be used in metabolic analysis, allowing the movement of individual atoms to be precisely tracked and quantified .
Pyridinium bisretinoid A2E-d4TFA is the deuterium-labeled Pyridinium bisretinoid A2E (HY-134928). Pyridinium bisretinoid A2E (A2E)is an initiator of blue-light-induced apoptosis. Photoactivation of Pyridinium bisretinoid A2E mediates autophagy and the production of reactive oxygen species .
Pyr1]-Apelin-13, Gly(15N) TFA is a Gly 15N labeled [Pyr1]-Apelin-13. [Pyr1]-Apelin-13 is a highly potent, selective endogenous apelin receptor agonist .
MCH (human, mouse, rat) TFA is a potent peptide agonist of MCH-R and exhibits binding IC50 values of 0.3nM and 1.5 nM for MCH1R and MCH2R, respectively. MCH (human, mouse, rat) is a highly sensitive to MCH-2R in a CHO cell line and monitoring mobilization of intracellular calcium with FLIPR, exhibits functional activation EC50 values of 3.9 nM and 0.1nM for human MCH-1R and MCH-2R, respectively .
Beta-defensin 103 isoform X1, pig TFA is an antimicrobial peptide found in different living organisms, involved in the first line of defense in their innate immune response against pathogens .
[pThr3]-CDK5 Substrate TFA is an effective Phospho-Thr3CDK5 Substrate. [pThr3]-CDK5 Substrate is derived from the sequence of the histone H1 peptide that docks in the active site of CDK5. [pThr3]-CDK5 Substrate is phosphorylated by CDK5 with a Km value of 6 µM .
Angiotensin I/II (1-6) TFA contains the amino acids 1-6 and is converted from Angiotensin I/II peptide. The precursor angiotensinogen is cleaved by renin to form angiotensin I. Angiotensin I ishydrolyzed by angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) to form the biologically active angiotensin II. Angiotensin II has been investigated for the treatment, basic science, and diagnostic of Hypertension, Renin Angiotensin System, and Idiopathic Membranous Nephropathy .
Agouti-related Protein (AGRP) (83-132) Amide (human) TFA is a fragment of agouti-related protein (AGRP) which is a protein found in abundance in the arcuate nucleus of the hypothalamus. AgRP primarily acts as an inverse agonist for the melanocortin-4 receptor (MC4R) to increase food intake .
MA-PEG4-VC-PAB-DMEA-duocarmycin DM TFA is a drug-linker conjugate for ADC by using the DNA minor-groove alkylator Duocarmycin DM (HY-130978), linked via MA-PEG4-vc-PAB-DMEA (HY-126668).
Thalidomide-O-amido-PEG1-(C1-PEG)2-C2-NH2 TFA is a synthesized E3 ligase ligand-linker conjugate that incorporates the Thalidomide based cereblon ligand and 3-unit PEG linker used in PROTAC technology.
PTD-p65-P1 Peptide TFA is a potent, selective nuclear transcription factor NF-κB inhibitor and derives from the p65 subunit of NF-κB amino acid residues 271-282, which selectively inhibits NF-κB activation induced by various inflammatory stimulation, down-regulate NF-κB-mediated gene expression and up-regulate apoptosis .
PD-1/PD-L1-IN 3 TFA, a macrocyclic peptide, is a potent and selective inhibitor of the PD-1/PD-L1 and CD80/PD-L1 interactions extracted from patent WO2014151634A1, compound No.1. PD-1/PD-L1-IN 3 TFA interferes with PD-L1 binding to PD-1 and CD80 by binding to PD-L1, with IC50s of 5.60 nM and 7.04 nM, respectively. PD-1/PD-L1-IN 3 TFA can be used for the research of various diseases, including cancer and infectious diseases .
Bacterial Sortase Substrate III, Abz/DNP TFA is an internally quenched fluorescent peptide substrate. Staphylococcus aureus transpeptidase sortase A (SrtA) reacts with its native substrate Bacterial Sortase Substrate III, Abz/DNP, cleaving it and catalyzing the formation of an amide bond between the carboxyl group of threonine and the amino group of cell-wall crossbridges. Cleavage of this substrate can be monitored at Ex/Em=320 nm/420 nm.
Stressin I (Cyclo(31-34)[DPhe12,Nle21,38,Glu31,Lys34]Ac-hCRF(4-41)) TFA is a potent CRF1 receptor selective agonist, Ki is 1.7 nM. Stressin I induces an increase in adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) levels in rats .
K-(D-1-Nal)-FwLL-NH2 TFA is a high affinity and potent ghrelin receptor inverse agonist (Ki values are 4.9 and 31 nM in COS7 and HEK293T cells, respectively). K-(D-1-Nal)-FwLL-NH2 blocks ghrelin receptor-mediated Gq- and G13-dependent signaling pathways.
[Pyr1]-Apelin-13, Pro( 13C5, 15N) (TFA) is the 13C and 15N labeled isotope of [Pyr1]-Apelin-13(HY-P1033).[Pyr1]-Apelin-13 is a potent and selective endogenous apelin receptor agonist .
(S,R,S)-AHPC-3-methylbutanyl acetate-methanesulfonothioate-PEG3-NH2 TFA is a synthesized E3 ligase ligand-linker conjugate that incorporates the (S,R,S)-AHPC based ligand and 3-unit PEG linker used in PROTAC technology .
(S,R,S)-AHPC-3-methylbutanyl acetate-methanesulfonothioate-Me-C10-NH2 TFA is a synthesized E3 ligase ligand-linker conjugate that incorporates the (S,R,S)-AHPC ligand, it can be used in PROTAC technology .
GLP-2(3-33) (Leu- 13C6, 15N) TFA is 13C and 15N labeled GLP-2(3-33) (HY-P2625). GLP-2(3-33), generated naturally by dipeptidylpeptidase IV (DPPIV), acts as a partial agonist on GLP-2 receptor (EC50=5.8 nM).
PD-1/PD-L1-IN 5 TFA is a PD-1/PD-L1 protein/protein interaction inhibitor extracted from patent WO2017222976A1, compound Example 1, has an IC50 of ≤100 nM .
(Leu-13C6,15N)-Ile-OH (L-Leucyl-13C6,15N-L-isoleucine) TFA is the deuterium labeled Leu-Ile-OH. Leu-Ile-OH protects against neuronal death by inducing brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) synthesis .
Tat-beclin 1 scrambled TFA is the scrambled part and a scrambled control of Tat-beclin 1 (HY-P2260), which is derived from a region of the autophagy protein, beclin 1. beclin 1 induces autophagy via binding human immunodeficiency virus, HIV-1 Nef and interacting with negative regulator GAPR-1 (GLIPR2). Tat-beclin 1 decreases the accumulation of polyglutamine expansion protein aggregates and the replication of several pathogens, such as HIV-1. Tat-beclin 1 also reduces mortality in mice infected with chikungunya or West Nile virus .
GLP-2(rat) (Ala- 13C3, 15N) TFA is 13C and 15N labeled GLP-2(rat) (HY-P1142). GLP-2(rat) is an intestinal growth factor. GLP-2(rat) stimulates cell proliferation and inhibits apoptosis. GLP-2(rat) enhances mucosal mass and function in residual small intestine after massive small bowel resection (MSBR).
Biotin-C1-PEG3-C3-amido-C5-Gly-Arg-Gly-N3 TFA is used for detection of modification site for N-myristoylated and GPI-anchored proteins in blood-stage P. falciparum . Biotin-C1-PEG3-C3-amido-C5-Gly-Arg-Gly-N3 (TFA) is a click chemistry reagent, it contains an Azide group and can undergo copper-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition reaction (CuAAc) with molecules containing Alkyne groups. It can also undergo strain-promoted alkyne-azide cycloaddition (SPAAC) reactions with molecules containing DBCO or BCN groups.
His-D-beta-Nal-Ala-Trp-D-Phe-Lys-NH2 TFA, is a growth hormone releasing peptide, as well as a metabolite of GHRP-1. GHRP-1, or Ala-His-D-beta Nal-Ala-Trp-D-Phe-Lys-NH2, has the effect of promoting the release of growth hormone (GH). GHRP-1 increases GH release and increases [Ca2+]i levels in static monolayer cells of rat pituitary gland, but does not affect cAMP levels .
Ile-(Leu-13C6,15N)-OH (TFA) is 13C- and 15N-labeled L-Isoleucyl-L-leucine (HY-W269700). L-Isoleucyl-L-leucine has a role as a metabolite and can be used to inhibit movement-induced muscle damage and muscle defective condition.
IACS-9571 (trifluoroacetate) is a potent and selective inhibitor of TRIM24 and BRPF1, with IC50 of 8 nM for TRIM24, and Kd of 31 nM and 14 nM for TRIM24 and BRPF1, respectively.
DTP3 TFA is a potent and selective GADD45β/MKK7 inhibitor. DTP3 TFA targets an essential, cancer-selective cell-survival module downstream of the NF-κB pathway .
ATI-2341 is a potent and functionally selective allosteric agonist of C-X-C chemokine receptor type 4 (CXCR4), which functions as a biased ligand, favoring Gαi activation over Gα13. ATI-2341 activates the inhibitory heterotrimeric G protein (Gi) to promote inhibition of cAMP production and induce calcium mobilization. ATI-2341 is a potent and efficacious mobilizer of bone marrow polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMNs) and hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs) .
PBP10 is a cell permeable and selective gelsolin-derived peptide inhibitor of formyl peptide receptor 2 (FPR2) over FPR1 . PBP10 is a 10-AA peptide with rhodamine conjugated at its N terminus, exerts bactericidal activity against gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria and limits microbial-induced inflammatory effects .
HS024 is a selective MC4 receptor antagonist, with Kis of 0.29, 3.29, 5.45, 18.6 nM for MC4, MC5, MC3, and MC1, respectively. HS024 increase food intake .
JPS016 is a benzamide-based Von Hippel-Lindau (VHL) E3-ligase proteolysis targeting chimeras (PROTAC). JPS016 degrades class I histone deacetylase (HDAC). JPS016 is potent HDAC1/2 degrader correlated with greater total differentially expressed genes and enhanced apoptosis in HCT116 cells .
EDA-DA is a N-terminally tagged dipeptide probe, can be used to label Peptidoglycan (PG) of bacteria. EDA-DA is a click chemistry reagent, it contains an Alkyne group and can undergo copper-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition (CuAAc) with molecules containing Azide groups .
MQA-P is a multifunctional near-infrared (NIR) fluorescent probe that simultaneously detects ONOO -, viscosity, and polarity within mitochondria. MQA-P exhibits significant response to ONOO -, λem=645 nm; and NIR channel at λem>704 nm Medium is highly sensitive to viscosity/polarity. MQA-P possesses excited-state intramolecular charge transfer (ESICT) properties that are highly sensitive to polarity by designing the N,N-dimethylamino group as the electron donor and the quinoline cation unit as the electron acceptor. MQA-P is used for ferroptosis or cancer diagnosis in vitro and in vivo via dual-channel images .
Cyclo CKLIIF is a dual inhibitor for hypoxia inducible factor (HIF) 1 and 2, which disrupts the interaction of both HIF1-α and HIF2-α with HIF1-β, with affinity for HIF1-α and HIF2-α PAS-B domains KD of 2.6 and 2.2 μM, respectively .
WP9QY, TNF-a Antagonist, TNF-a Antagonist is a biological active peptide. (This cyclic peptide is designed to mimic the most critical tumor necrosis factor (TNF) recognition loop on TNF receptor I. It prevents interactions of TNF with its receptor. This TNF antagonist is a useful template for the development of small molecular inhibitors to prevent both inflammatory bone destruction and systemic bone loss in rheumatoid arthritis.)
Arg-Gly-Asp (RGD) is a synthetic peptide corresponding to the cell adhesion sequence for the integrins αVβ1, αVβ3, αVβ5, αVβ6, αVβ8, α8β1, and α5β1. It is a component of radioligands and peptidomimetics that have been used in the study of integrin expression and activity in vivo.
Ac-RYYRWK-NH2 is a potent and selective partial agonist for the nociceptin receptor (NOP), [ 3H]Ac-RYYRWK-NH2 binds to rat cortical membranes ORL1 with a Kd of 0.071 nM, but has no affinity for μ-, κ- or δ-opioid receptors .
GR 64349 is a potent and highly selective NK2 receptor peptide antagonist, with an EC50 of 3.7 nM in rat colon. GR 64349 exhibits selectivity >1000 and >300-fold with respect to NK1 and NK3 receptors, respectively .
CKLF1-C27, a C-terminal peptide of CKLF1, binds to CCR4 receptor and activates ERK1/2 pathway. CKLF1-C27 can abrogate the effect of CKLF1 on cells by competing for CCR4 receptor. CKLF1-C27 shows great effect on promoting proliferation on HUVECs. CKLF1-C27 has the potential for psoriasis research .
PROTAC AR Degrader-4 comprises a IAP ligand binding group, a linker and an Androgen Receptor (AR) binding group. PROTAC AR Degrader-4 is an AR degrader. Degradation inducers based on cIAP1 are called specific and non-genetic IAP-dependent protein erasers (SNIPERs) .
BMPR2-IN-1 (Compound 8a) is a BMPR2 inhibitor with an IC50 of 506 nM and a KD of 83.5 nM. BMPR2-IN-1 can be used for research of pulmonary arterial hypertension, Alzheimer’s disease and cancer .
GSK1842799, an alkyl-substituted biaryl amino alcohol, is a selective S1P1 modulator developed for multiple sclerosis (MS). Upon phosphorylation, GSK1842799-P exhibited subnanomolar S1P1 agonist activity with over 1000-fold selectivity over S1P3. The compound showed good oral bioavailability, rapid in vivo conversion to GSK1842799-P, and significant lymphocyte count reduction at 0.1 mg/kg. It matched FTY720 efficacy at 3 mg/kg in the mouse EAE model and achieved comparable plasma levels to FTY-720 phosphate in cynomolgus monkeys. With favorable ADME, PK/PD properties, and toxicology, GSK1842799 advanced to further clinical development .
Lenalidomide-C5-NH2 is the Lenalidomide-based Cereblon ligand used in the recruitment of CRBN protein. Lenalidomide-C5-NH2 can be connected to the ligand for protein by a linker to form PROTACs, such as MDM2 PROTAC degrader .
B12&" is a phospholipid. Phospholipids have good biocompatibility and significant amphiphilic characteristics, making them the main and suitable dosage form or excipient in drug formulations, thereby achieving better therapeutic effects. "&B12&"can be used in drug delivery research ."
Clovibactin is an antibiotic for drug-resistant bacterial pathogens without detectable resistance. Clovibactin TFA inihibits cell wall synthesis by targeting pyrophosphate of peptidoglycan precursors .
Mca-PLAQAV-Dpa-RSSSR-NH2 is a fluorescent peptide and as one of fluorescent substrates of TNF-α converting enzyme (TACE); ADAM17, ADAM 9 and ADAM 10. Mca-PLAQAV-Dpa-RSSSR-NH2 is a substrate based on fluorescence resonance energy transfer, and its activity can be determined by the change of fluorescence intensity during pyrolysis .
SSTR5 Antagonist 1 (compound 10) is a highly potent, oral active and selective somatostatin (receptor) subtype 5 (SSTR5) antagonist and has potential for the research of treat type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) .
Phospho-Glycogen Synthase Peptide-2 (substrate) is peptide substrate for glycogen synthase kinase-3 (GSK-3) and can be used for affinity purification of protein-serine kinases .
[Nphe1]Nociceptin(1-13)NH2, a novel nociceptin/orphanin FQ (NC) endogenous ligand, is a selective and competitive ociceptin receptor antagonist without any residual agonist activity. [Nphe1]nociceptin(1-13)NH2?binds selectively to recombinant nociceptin receptors (pKi=8.4) and antagonizes the inhibitory effects of nociceptin on cyclic AMP accumulation in CHO cells (pA2=6.0). [Nphe1]Nociceptin(1-13)NH2 has the potential to act as an analgesic agent .
EGF Receptor Substrate 2 (Phospho-Tyr5) acetate, a biologically active peptide, is a tyrosine phosphate substrate. EGF Receptor Substrate 2 (Phospho-Tyr5) acetate can be used to detect protein tyrosine phosphatases activity .
Cyclo(-RGDfK) is a potent and selective inhibitor of the αvβ3 integrin, with an IC50 of 0.94 nM . Cyclo(-RGDfK) TFA potently targets tumor microvasculature and cancer cells through the specific binding to the αvβ3 integrin on the cell surface .
Cortistatin-14 is a neuropeptide that shares structural similarities with somatostatin, working by binding to somatostatin receptors (sst1-sst5). Cortistatin-14 (TFA) has anticonvulsant, neuroprotective effects, and significant anti-inflammatory properties .
Elarofiban diTFA is the salt form of Elarofiban (HY-10315) with two TFA. Elarofiban diTFA is a nonpeptide, orally active antagonist for fibrinogen receptor αIIbβ3 (GPIIb/IIIa), with an IC50 of 0.15 nM. Elarofiban diTFA has the potential for platelet mediated thrombotic disorders research .
Ethyl oleate (Standard) is the analytical standard of Ethyl oleate. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Ethyl Oleate is a fatty acid ester formed by the condensation of oleic acid and ethanol. Ethyl oleate is the liquid lipid component in nanostructured lipid carriers (NLCs). NLC is a promising vehicle for oral trans-Ferulic acid (TFA) administration .
Linolelaidic acid (Linoelaidic acid) is an omega-6 trans fatty acid (TFA) that is an essential nutrient with oral activity. Linolelaidic acid can be added to enteral nutrition (oral), parenteral nutrition (intravenous), and infant formula. Linolelaidic acid has anti-inflammatory and anti-parasitic ((Parasite)) activities, and can induce Apoptosis. Linolelaidic acid is useful for research in infections .
Boc-L-Phe(4-NH-Poc)-OH is a click chemistry reagent containing an azide group. Used as an orthogonally protected building block in peptide synthesis. Propargyloxycarbonyl, commonly abbreviated as Poc or Pryoc, can either be used as alkyne component for standard Click conjugation or in combination with tetrazine linkers in copper-free Diels-Alder type Click reactions. It also has applications as unusual protecting group for amines, hydroxy functions and as esters. All 3 are stable to neat TFA, but can be cleaved at ambient temperature with Co2(CO)8 in TFA:DCM. Deprotection with other transition metals like palladium have also been reported . Boc-L-Phe(4-NH-Poc)-OH is a click chemistry reagent, it contains an Alkyne group and can undergo copper-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition (CuAAc) with molecules containing Azide groups.
H-L-Phe(4-NH-Poc)-OH (hydrochloride) is a click chemistry reagent containing an azide group. Used as a modified Phe or Tyr analogue in protein and peptide biosynthesis. Propargyloxycarbonyl, commonly abbreviated as Poc or Pryoc, can either be used as alkyne component for standard Click conjugation or in combination with tetrazine linkers in copper-free Diels-Alder type Click reactions. It also has applications as unusual protecting group for amines, hydroxy functions and as esters. All 3 are stable to neat TFA, but can be cleaved at ambient temperature with Co2(CO)8 in TFA:DCM. Deprotection with other transition metals like palladium have also been reported . H-L-Phe(4-NH-Poc)-OH (hydrochloride) is a click chemistry reagent, it contains an Alkyne group and can undergo copper-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition (CuAAc) with molecules containing Azide groups.
[cPP1-7,NPY19-23,Ala31,Aib32,Gln34]-hPancreatic Polypeptide is a potent and selective neuropeptide Y Y5 receptor agonist with an IC50 of 0.24 nM for binding to the hY5 receptor. [cPP1-7,NPY19-23,Ala31,Aib32,Gln34]-hPancreatic Polypeptide induces a high amount of food intake .
BMS-247243 is a β-lactam antibiotic against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. This section introduces its synthesis method and biological properties. A practical synthetic method was developed to exchange iodide ions with chloride ions to form 4-thiopyridinol 6b with C-3 side chain, thereby effectively synthesizing methyl ester 12b with C-7 side chain. The reaction of 14 with methylthiolate lithium salt was catalyzed by Bu4NCl to form methyl ester 12b in high yield. Reaction with thiolate dianion gave the corresponding Michael addition byproduct, resulting in a decrease in the quality of thermodynamic product 12b. The diester 17 was synthesized by acid chlorination acylation of 16 with 12b in a two-phase system, avoiding the troublesome deprotection work such as using DCC or EDAC. During the TFA reaction to remove the protecting group 17, the bis acid 20 was unexpectedly obtained. The bis acid 19 reacted with 4-thiopyridinol 6b to form BMS-247243 in moderate yield. Alternatively, efficient coupling of diester 17 with 4-thiopyridinol 6b afforded crystalline diester 21 with little contamination from isomer 22. Double deprotection of diester 21 followed by crystallization afforded the bis-zwitterion BMS-247243 in high yield.
Janelia Fluor® 646 TFA (JF646 TFA), a red fluorogenic fluorescent dye, can be used in the synthesis of Janelia Fluor 646 HaloTag and SNAP-Tag ligands. JF646 TFA is used in live cell imaging experiments . Janelia Fluor® products are licensed under U.S. Pat. Nos. 9,933,417, 10,018,624 and 10,161,932 and other patents from Howard Hughes Medical Institute.
Cy 5 amine (Cyanine5 amine) TFA is a fluorescent dye. Cy 5 amine TFA can be used in the preparation of Cy5.5-labeled compound or polymers, which can be used for imaging cellular process and trafficking .
Janelia Fluor® 549 TFA (JF549 TFA) is a fluorescent dye with the absorption maximum (λab (max)) of 549 nm and emission maximum (λem (max)) of 571 nm . Janelia Fluor® products are licensed under U.S. Pat. Nos. 9,933,417, 10,018,624 and 10,161,932 and other patents from Howard Hughes Medical Institute.
Cyanine3 amine (TFA), an analog of Cyanine3 amine, is a potent green fluorescent dye. Cyanine3 amine (TFA) has the primary amine group and is covalently coupled with reactive groups such as NHS esters, carboxy groups (after carbodiimide activation), and epoxides. (λex=555 nm, λem=570 nm) .
sBADA TFA is a potent green fluorescent dye. sBADA TFA is a sulfonated BODIPY-FL 3-amino-D-alanine. sBADA TFA is used to label peptidoglycans in bacterial cell walls in situ. (λex=490 nm, λem=510 nm) .
D-Ala-Lys-AMCA TFA is a known proton-coupled oligopeptide transporter 1 (PEPT1) substrate that emits blue fluorescence. D-Ala-Lys-AMCA TFA may be transported into liver cancer cells and Caco-2 cells based on fluorescence analysis. D-Ala-Lys-AMCA TFA can be used for characterizing PEPT1-specific substrates or inhibitors .
Janelia Fluor® 549, Maleimide TFA (JF549, Maleimide TFA) is a fluorescent dye with the absorption maximum (λab (max)) of 549 nm and emission maximum (λem (max)) of 571 nm . Janelia Fluor® products are licensed under U.S. Pat. Nos. 9,933,417, 10,018,624 and 10,161,932 and other patents from Howard Hughes Medical Institute.
Suc-Ala-Glu-Pro-Phe-pNA (Suc-AEPF-pNA ) TFA is a chromogenic substrate for the peptidylprolyl isomerase Pin1. Suc-Ala-Glu-Pro-Phe-pNA TFA can be used to evaluate the inhibitory effect of the target compound on Pin1, and catalytic activity of Pin1, etc .
Dnp-PLGLWA-DArg-NH2 TFA is a fluorogenic substrate for MMP-1 and MMP-9. Dnp-PLGLWA-DArg-NH2 TFA can be used to quantify the activity of MMPs (Ex=280 nm, Em=360 nm) .
JF526-Taxol (TFA) is a versatile scaffold for fluorogenic probes including ligands for self-labeling tags, stains for endogenous structures, and spontaneously blinking labels for super-resolution immunofluorescence .
JF526–Pepstatin A TFA is a fluorescent dye that can be used for lysosomal staining in live cells. The excitation maximum is 530 nm and the emission maximum is 549 nm .
Biotin-DADOO (TFA) is a multifunctional dye. Dyes are important tools in biological experiments. They can help researchers observe and analyze cell structures, track biomolecules, evaluate cell functions, distinguish cell types, detect biomolecules, study tissue pathology and monitor microorganisms. Their applications range from basic scientific research to clinical A wide range of diagnostics. Dyes are also widely used in traditional fields such as textile dyeing, as well as in emerging fields such as functional textile processing, food pigments and dye-sensitized solar cells.
Biotin-C1-PEG3-C3-amido-C5-Gly-Arg-Gly-N3 TFA is used for detection of modification site for N-myristoylated and GPI-anchored proteins in blood-stage P. falciparum . Biotin-C1-PEG3-C3-amido-C5-Gly-Arg-Gly-N3 (TFA) is a click chemistry reagent, it contains an Azide group and can undergo copper-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition reaction (CuAAc) with molecules containing Alkyne groups. It can also undergo strain-promoted alkyne-azide cycloaddition (SPAAC) reactions with molecules containing DBCO or BCN groups.
Maleimide-NOTA (TFA)is a bifunctional chelator (Bifunctional Chelator; BFC) and a macrocyclic NOTA derivative used for tumor pre-targeting. Maleimide-NOTA (TFA) can be used for conjugation of peptides and radionuclides.
DOTA-NHS-ester (hexafluorophosphate TFA)is a bifunctional chelator (Bifunctional Chelator; BFC) and a macrocyclic DOTA derivative used for tumor pre-targeting. DOTA-NHS-ester (hexafluorophosphate TFA) can be used for conjugation of peptides and radionuclides.
Maleimido-mono-amide-DTPA (TFA)is a bifunctional chelator (Bifunctional Chelator; BFC) and a macrocyclic DPTA derivative used for tumor pre-targeting. Maleimido-mono-amide-DTPA (TFA) can be used for conjugation of peptides and radionuclides.
DOTA-ADIBO TFA is a DOTA-derived bifunctional chelator (BFC) that allows drug conjugation via an uncatalyzed, copper-free cycloaddition reaction. DOTA-ADIBO TFA enables the construction of fusion chelator systems that can be further used to synthesize radiotracers after Cu[64] modification. Positron emission tomography imaging of tumors expressing integrin αvβ6 .
Mal-NH-PEG-NH2 (TFA) (MW 2000) is a PEG derivative that may be used for thiol PEGylation of protein molecules. Its maleimide group (-Mal) degrades in aqueous media and finds application in drug delivery studies.
B12&" is a phospholipid. Phospholipids have good biocompatibility and significant amphiphilic characteristics, making them the main and suitable dosage form or excipient in drug formulations, thereby achieving better therapeutic effects. "&B12&"can be used in drug delivery research ."
Sauvagine TFA, a 40-amino-acid neuropeptide from the skin of the frog, is a mammalian CRF agonist. Sauvagine TFA is effective at releasing ACTH from rat pituitary cells. Sauvagine TFA possesses a number of pharmacological actions on diuresis, the cardiovascular system and endocrine glands .
GO-203 TFA is a potent MUC1-C oncoprotein inhibitor. GO-203 TFA is an all D-amino acid peptide that consists of a poly-R transduction domain linked to a CQCRRKN motif that binds to the MUC1-C cytoplasmic tail and blocks MUC1-C homodimerization. GO-203 TFA downregulates TIGAR (TP53-induced glycolysis and apoptosis regulator) protein synthesis by inhibiting the PI3K-AKT-S6K1 pathway. GO-203 TFA induces the production of ROS and loss of mitochondrial transmembrane potential. GO-203 TFA inhibits the growth of colon cancer cells in vitro and as xenografts in nude mice .
Phytochelatin 2 (PC2) TFA is a phytochelatin, an important heavy metal-binding peptide. Phytochelatin 2 (PC2) TFA can chelate metals, prevent metal toxicity, and maintain metal stability in the internal environment .
AmmTX3 TFA is a peptide toxin that can be isolated from the venom of the scorpion Androctonus mauretanicus. AmmTX3 TFA is specific blocker of Kv4 channel. AmmTX3 TFA inhibits the A-type K + current (Ki: 131 nM) .
Urocortin, rat TFA (Urocortin (Rattus norvegicus) TFA) is a neuropeptide and a potent endogenous CRFR agonist with Kis of 13 nM, 1.5 nM, and 0.97 nM for human CRF1, rat CRF2α and mouse CRF2β, respectively .
β-Amyloid- 15N (1-42), human (TFA) is the 15N-labledβ-Amyloid (1-42) (TFA). β-Amyloid (1-42), human TFA (Amyloid β-Peptide (1-42) (human) TFA) is a 42-amino acid peptide which plays a key role in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer disease[1].
β-Amyloid- 15N (1-40) (TFA) is the 15N-labledβ-Amyloid (1-40) (TFA). β-Amyloid (1-40) is a primary protein in plaques found in the brains of patients with Alzheimer's disease[1].
VTSEGAGLQLQK- 13C6, 15N2 (TFA) is the 13C- and 15N-labeled VTSEGAGLQLQK. VTSEGAGLQLQK is an amino acid sequence in the C-terminal region of recombinant human alpha-acid glucosidase (rhGAA), which can be used to bind anti-drug antibodies in plasma and quantitatively analyze the therapeutic effect .
Elamipretide TFA (MTP-131 TFA; RX-31 TFA; SS-31 TFA) is the TFA salt form of Elamipretide (HY-P0125). Elamipretide TFA is a mitochondria-targeting peptide, which ameliorates myocardial infarction, improves the renal function and protects neurons form inflammatory and oxidative stress injury .
Dentonin TFA (AC-100 TFA) is a synthetic fragment derived from MEPE. Dentonin TFA enhances osteogenesis by promoting osteoprogenitor adhesion and facilitates immature adherent cells survival. Dentonin TFA has no significant effect to mature osteoblasts. Dentonin TFA can be used for the research of phosphate homeostasis and bone metabolism .
MPSD TFA (MARCKS-ED TFA) is the TFA salt form of MPSD (HY-P10471). MPSD TFA is a 25-amino acid peptide based on the effector domain sequence of the intracellular membrane protein myristoylated alanine-rich C-kinase substrate (MARCKS). MPSD TFA can sense membrane curvature and recognize phosphatidylserine. MPSD TFA can be utilized as biological probe to study membrane shape and lipid composition .
Epitalon TFA is an anti-aging agent and a telomerase activator. Epitalon TFA has an inhibitory effect of the on the development of spontaneous tumors in mice, has geroprotective actions and intranasal administration increases neuronal activity. Epitalon TFA can be used for cancer, old age and Retinitis Pigmentosa .
Abaloparatide TFA (BA 058 TFA) is a parathyroid hormone receptor 1 (PTHR1) analogue. Abaloparatide TFA also is a selective PTHR1 activator. Abaloparatide TFA enhances Gs/cAMP signaling and β-arrestin recruitment. Abaloparatide TFA enhances bone formation and cortical structure in mice. Abaloparatide TFA has the potential for the research of osteoporosis .
Thymocartin TFA is the TFA salt form of Thymocartin (HY-105025). Thymocartin TFA inhibits apoptosis of peripheral blood lymphocytes in HIV infected individuals. Thymocartin TFA is potential for immunodeficiency diseases research .
Spexin TFA is a potent galanin receptor 2/3 (GAL2/GAL3) agonist (EC50 values are 45.7 and 112.2 nM, respectively). Spexin TFA exhibits no significant activity at galanin receptor 1. Spexin TFA is an endogenous satiety-inducing peptide; Spexin TFA inhibits long chain fatty acid uptake by adipocytes and decreases food consumption in diet-induced obese mice and rats. Spexin TFA attenuates LH secretion in goldfish. Spexin TFA exhibits anxiolytic effects in vivo.
Ziconotide TFA (SNX-111 TFA), a peptide, is a potent and selective block of N-type calcium channels antagonist. Ziconotide TFA reduces synaptic transmission, and can be used for chronic pain research .
Lonodelestat TFA (POL6014 TFA) is a potent, orally active and selective peptide inhibitor of human neutrophil elastase (hNE). Lonodelestat TFA has the potential for the research of cystic fibrosis (CF) .
Wasabi Receptor Toxin TFA (WaTx TFA) is the TFA salt form of Wasabi Receptor Toxin (HY-P5914). Wasabi Receptor Toxin TFA is a cell-penetrating scorpion toxin. Wasabi Receptor Toxin TFA is the activator for TRPA1 ion channel with EC50 in nanomolar level, and prolongs the channel open time, but reduces Ca 2+ permeability. Wasabi Receptor Toxin TFA causes thermal hypersensitivity and mechanical allodynia in rats, without triggering neurogenic inflammation .
Bactenecin TFA (Bactenecin, bovine TFA) is a potent 12-aa looped antimicrobial peptide isolated from bovine neutrophils. Bactenecin TFA inhibits the growth of bacteria and yeast, and kills the fungus Trichophyton rubrum. Bactenecin TFA increass membrane permeability, inhibits the growth and biofilm formation of B. pseudomallei .
cyclo(RLsKDK) (TFA) (BK-1361 (TFA)) is a specific inhibitor of metalloproteinase ADAM8 with an IC50 value of 182 nM. cyclo(RLsKDK) (TFA) has potential applications in inflammatory diseases and cancer .
GRGDSPK TFA (EMD 56574 TFA) is a peptide incluing Arg-Gly-Asp (RGD). GRGDSPK TFA is an competitive and reversible inhibitory peptide for inhibiting integrin-fibronectin binding. GRGDSPK TFA is used to study the role of integrins in bone formation and resorption .
Relamorelin (RM-131) TFA, a pentapeptide ghrelin analog, is a selective ghrelin/growth hormone secretagogue receptor (GHSR) agonist with a Ki of 0.42 nM for GHS-1a receptor. Relamorelin TFA is centrally penetrant. Relamorelin TFA increases growth hormone levels and accelerates gastric emptying. Relamorelin TFA has the potential for cachexia, gastroparesis, and gastric/intestinal dysmobility disorders research .
Balixafortide TFA (POL6326 TFA) is a potent, selective, well-tolerated peptidic CXCR4 antagonist with an IC50 < 10 nM. Balixafortide TFA shows 1000-fold selective for CXCR4 than a large panel of receptors including CXCR7. Balixafortide TFA blocks β-arrestin recruitment and calcium flux with IC50s < 10 nM. Balixafortide TFA is also a potent hematopoietic stem and progenitor cell (HSPC) mobilizing agent. Anti-cancer effects .
SPR741 TFA (NAB741 TFA) is a cationic peptide derived from polymyxin B and is a potentiator molecule. SPR741 TFA increases the permeability of the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria and is used to treat severe Gram-negative bacteria infections. SPR741 TFA inhibits multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacteria. The spectrum of activity of the antibiotic can be widened when used in combination with SPR741 TFA .
Forigerimod TFA (IPP-201101 TFA) is a CD4 T-cell modulator. Forigerimod TFA is a 21-amino-acid fragment of U1 small nuclear ribonucleoprotein 70 kDa that is phosphorylated at Ser140. Forigerimod TFA can potently inhibit autophagy. Forigerimod can be used for the research of autoimmune disorders, such as systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) .
Clovibactin TFA is the TFA salt form of Clovibactin (HY-P10027). Clovibactin TFA is an antibiotic for drug-resistant bacterial pathogens without detectable resistance. Clovibactin TFA inihibits cell wall synthesis by targeting pyrophosphate of peptidoglycan precursors .
Myoregulin (MLN peptide) TFA is a member of the regulin family. Myoregulin TFA regulates muscle performance by modulating intracellular calcium handling. Myoregulin TFA interactes directly with sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca 2+-ATPase (SERCA) and impedinf Ca 2+ uptake into the sarcoplasmic reticulum .
Goralatide TFA is an inhibitor of cell cycle progression. Goralatide TFA enhances selectivity of hyperthermic purging of human progenitor cells. Goralatide TFA has the potential for the research of leukemia .
Neurokinin A TFA (Substance K TFA), a peptide neurotransmitter of the tachykinin family, acts via the NK-2 receptor. Neurokinin A acts as a major mediator in human airway and gastrointestinal tissues .
MIF-1 TFA (Melanostatin), an endogenous brain peptide, is a potent dopamine receptor allosteric modulator. MIF-1 TFA inhibits melanin formation. MIF-1 TFA blocks the effects of opioid receptor activation to modulate the analgesic effects. MIF-1 TFA accesses from the blood to the CNS by directly crossing the blood-brain barrier (BBB) .
Phoenixin-20 (TFA) (PNX-20 (TFA)) is a bioactive peptide with hormone-like actions in vertebrates, and can stimulates hypothalamo-pituitary-gonadal hormones and regulate reproductive processes in mammals. Phoenixin-20 (TFA) promotes neuronal mitochondrial biogenesis via CREB-PGC-1α pathway. Phoenixin-20 (TFA) has anxiolytic effect .
FLAG peptide TFA is the TFA salt form of FLAG peptide (HY-P0223). FLAG peptide TFA is a multifunctional fusion tag for the purification of recombinant proteins. FLAG peptide TFA maintances the natural folding of its fusing proteins. FLAG peptide TFA can be removed by enterokinase, and eluted under non-denaturing conditions .
Biphalin TFA, a BBB-penetrable opioid peptide analog, contains two active enkephalin pharmacophores. Biphalin TFA has high affinity for opioid receptors. Biphalin TFA shows analgesic effect in acute, neuropathic, and chronic animal pain models. Biphalin TFA is also an antiviral, antiproliferative, anti-inflammatory, and neuroprotective agent .
POT-4 TFA (AL-78898A TFA), a Compstatin derivative, is a potent inhibitor of complement factor C3 activation. POT-4 TFA can be used for age-related macular degeneration research .
Reltecimod (AB-103) TFA is a T-cell-specific surface glycoprotein CD28 (TP44) antagonist. Reltecimod TFA has beneficial effects against different bacterial infections, their exotoxins and endotoxins, and ionizing radiation. Reltecimod TFA modulates the inflammatory response by targeting and attenuating the critical CD28/B7-2 co-stimulatory pathway, without inhibiting it. Reltecimod TFA can be used to research necrotizing soft-tissue infections (NSTIs) .
Tamapin TFA is a venom peptide, targeting to small conductance Ca(2+)-activated K(+) (SK) channels. Tamapin TFA is a selctive blocker of SK2 (Potassium Channel). Tamapin TFA inhibits SK channel-mediated currents in pyramidal neurons of the hippocampus. Tamapin TFA can be isolated from the Indian red scorpion (Mesobuthus tamulus) .
Zilucoplan TFA (RA101495), a 15-amino acid macrocyclic peptide, is a potent complement component 5 (C5) inhibitor. Zilucoplan TFA can be used in research of immune-mediated necrotising myopathy (IMNM) .
Kisspeptin-54(human) TFA (Metastin(human) TFA) is an endogenous ligand for kisspeptin receptor (KISS1, GPR54). Kisspeptin-54(human) TFA binds to rat and human GPR54 receptors with Ki values of 1.81 nM and 1.45 nM, respectively. Kisspeptin-54(human) TFA hinders tumor metastasis and stimulates gonadotropin secretion .
Delta-hemolysin (Delta-lysin) TFA, a 26 amino acid peptide, is a hemolytic peptide produced by Staphylococcus. Delta-hemolysin TFA may slightly perturb a membrane or lead to cell lysis. Delta-hemolysin TFA is a model in the study of peptides interacting with membranes. Delta-hemolysin TFA is poorly active against bacteria .
Angiotensin II human (Angiotensin II) TFA is a vasoconstrictor and a major bioactive peptide of the renin/angiotensin system. Angiotensin II human TFA plays a central role in regulating human blood pressure, which is mainly mediated by interactions between Angiotensin II and the G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) Angiotensin II type 1 receptor (AT1R) and Angiotensin II type 2 receptor (AT2R). Angiotensin II human TFA stimulates sympathetic nervous stimulation, increases aldosterone biosynthesis and renal actions. Angiotensin II human TFA induces growth of vascular smooth muscle cells, increases collagen type I and III synthesis in fibroblasts, leading to thickening of the vascular wall and myocardium, and fibrosis. Angiotensin II human TFA also induces apoptosis. Angiotensin II human TFA induces capillary formation from endothelial cells via the LOX-1 dependent redox-sensitive pathway .
Cyclo(Arg-Gly-Asp-D-Phe-Val) (TFA) (Cyclo(RGDfV) (TFA))is an integrin αvβ3 inhibitor. Cyclo(Arg-Gly-Asp-D-Phe-Val) (TFA) has antitumor activity. Cyclo(Arg-Gly-Asp-D-Phe-Val) (TFA) can be used for the research of acute myeloid leukemia .
Dusquetide (SGX942) TFA is a first-in-class innate defense regulator (IDR). Dusquetide TFA modulates the innate immune response to both PAMPs and DAMPs by binding to p62. Dusquetide TFA shows activity in both reducing inflammation and increasing clearance of bacterial infection . DAMPs: damage-associated molecular patterns; PAMPs: pathogen-associated molecular patterns
Thymotrinan (RGH-0205) TFA is a biologically active fragment of the naturally occurring thymus hormone thymopoietin and a immunomodulating peptide. Thymotrinan TFA exerts similar immunomodulatory activities to TP5 and to affect humoral as well as cellular responses .
Anthopleurin-A TFA is a soidum channel toxin. Anthopleurin-A TFA is selective for cardiac channels and has cardiotonic effect. Anthopleurin-A TFA can be isolated from the sea anemone .
Lys-Bradykinin TFA is the TFA salt form of Lys-Bradykinin (HY-103293). Lys-Bradykinin TFA is a ligand for kallidin and bradykinin receptor, which can be generated by kininogen protein through enzymatic cleavage by the protease kallikrein. Lys-Bradykinin TFA serves as a vasodilator, which widens blood vessels and increases blood flow. Lys-Bradykinin TFA stimulates net Na+ influx, and contributes to DNA synthesis. Lys-Bradykinin TFA involves in vascular regulation, inflammation and pain sensation .
Apamin TFA (Apamine TFA) is an 18 amino acid peptide neurotoxin found in apitoxin (bee venom), is known as a specifically selective blocker of Ca 2+-activated K + (SK) channels and exhibits anti-inflammatory and anti-fibrotic activity .
Nangibotide TFA is a TREM-1 receptor inhibitor that can modulate innate immune response. Nangibotide TFA can reduce systemic and in situ inflammatory reaction in rodent models of myocardial ischaemia-reperfusion .
Magainin 1 TFA (Magainin I TFA) is an antimicrobial and amphipathic peptide isolated from the skin of Xenopus laevis. Magainin 1 TFA exhibits antibiotic activity against numerous Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria .
Secretin, porcine TFA (Porcine secretin TFA) is a 27-amino acid peptide, acting on pancreatic acinar cells and ductal epithelial cells stimulating the production of bicarbonate rich fluid .
γ-Glutamylserine TFA (γ-Glu-Ser TFA) is a calcium receptor activator. γ-Glutamylserine TFA can be used for Parkinson's disease research, as well as diabetes or obesity study .
Maurocalcine TFA is an agonist of ryanodine receptor (RyR) channel types 1, 2 and 3 with cellular permeability. Maurocalcine TFA induces [ 3H]ryanodine binding on RyR1 with an EC50 value of 2558 nM. Maurocalcine TFA exhibits a apparent affinity of 14 nM for RyR2. Maurocalcine TFA can be applied to in vivo cell tracking or other cell imaging techniques .
Box5 TFA is a potent Wnt5a antagonist. Box5 TFA inhibits Wnt5a signaling and inhibits Wnt5a-mediated Ca 2+ release. Box5 TFA inhibits cell migration. Box5 TFA has the potential for the research of melanoma .
ACV Tripeptide TFA is the TFA form of ACV Tripeptide (HY-P3519). ACV Tripeptide TFA is a key biosynthetic precursor of penicillin and cephalosporins and is found in Penicillium chrysogenum and Acremonium chrysogenum. ACV Tripeptide TFA is synthesized by a large non-ribosomal peptide synthase called ACV synthase .
IIQLPEIVVV TFA is a specific inhibitor of Drp1-Mff interaction. IIQLPEIVVV TFA can distinguish physiological from pathological fission and block physiological fission, thus leading to mitochondrial dysfunction. IIQLPEIVVV TFA can be used in the study of Huntington's disease .
Xenopsin TFA, a neurotensin-like octapeptide from Xenopus laevis skin . Xenopsin TFA is an inhibitor of Tetragastrin stimulated gastric acid secretion .
LQVTDSGLYRCVIYHPP (LP17) TFA is a triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells (TREM-1) inhibitory peptide. LQVTDSGLYRCVIYHPP TFA substantially alleviates ischemia-induced infarction and neuronal injury. LQVTDSGLYRCVIYHPP TFA can get access into brain and block TREM-1 .
Galantide TFA is a reversible and non-specific galanin (GAL) receptor antagonist. Galantide TFA dose-dependently shows antagonism to galanin-induced K + conductance with an IC50 value of 4 nM. Galantide TFA can be used for the research of neurological disease and hormone metabolism research .
pH-Low Insertion Peptide TFA (pHLIP TFA) is a short, pH-responsive peptide capable of inserting across a cell membrane to form a transmembrane helix at acidic pH. pH-Low Insertion Peptide TFA targets the acidic tumor microenvironment for tumors at early and metastatic stages with high specificity, used as a specific ligand. pH-Low Insertion Peptide TFA successfully modifys polylysine polymers to have the pH-responsive capability. pH-Low Insertion Peptide TFA -based targeting of cancer presents an opportunity to monitor metabolic changes and to selectively deliver imaging and therapeutic agents to tumors .
Catestatin TFA is a 21-amino acid residue, cationic and hydrophobic peptide. Catestatin TFA is an endogenous peptide that regulates cardiac function and blood pressure . Catestatin TFA is a non-competitive nicotinic antagonist acting through nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) to inhibit catecholamine release .
Jingzhaotoxin-XII (JzTx-XII) TFA is a specific Kv4.1 channel inhibitor with an IC50 of 0.363 μM. Jingzhaotoxin-XII TFA interacts with the channels by modifying the gating behavior .
Boc-LRR-AMC TFA (Boc-Leu-Arg-Arg-AMC TFA) is the TFA salt form of Boc-LRR-AMC (HY-115391). Boc-LRR-AMC TFA is a fluorogenic substrate, which can be utilized for detecting the trypsin-like activity of the 26S proteasome or the 20S proteasome core .
Compstatin TFA, a 13-residue cyclic peptide, is a potent inhibitor of the complement system C3 with species specificity. Compstatin TFA binds to baboon C3 and is resistant to proteolytic cleavage in baboon blood (similar to humans). Compstatin TFA inhibits only the activation of primates’ complement system. Compstatin TFA exhibits IC50 values of 63 μM and 12 μM for classical and alterative complement pathway, respectively .
JAG-1, scrambled (scJag-1) TFA is a scrambled sequence of JAG-1 (Jagged-1 protein). JAG-1, scrambled TFA has a random sequence of the amino acids that are the same as the active fragment. JAG-1, scrambled TFA is usually used as a negative control .
Retatrutide (LY3437943) TFA is a triple agonist peptide of the glucagon receptor (GCGR), glucosedependent insulinotropic polypeptide receptor (GIPR), and glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor (GLP-1R). Retatrutide TFA binds human GCGR, GIPR, and GLP-1R with EC50 values of 5.79, 0.0643 and 0.775 nM, respectively. Retatrutide TFA can be used for the research of obesity .
QEQLERALNSS TFA is a helix B surface peptide (HBSP) derived from erythropoietin with tissue protective activities. QEQLERALNSS TFA protects cardiomyocytes from apoptosis .
Locustatachykinin I TFA is a insect tachykinin-related peptide isolated from Locusta migratoria. Locustatachykinin I TFA exhibits sequence homologies with the vertebrate tachykinins. In Lacanobia, Locustatachykinin I TFA is also a substrate for a deamidase .
M40 TFA is the TFA salt form of M40. M40 TFA is an antagonist or a weak agonist for galanin receptor depending on different subtypes of galanin receptors in the brain, hypothalamus, hippocampus, amygdala and pancreas .
CS-6253 TFA is the TFA salt form of CS-6253 (HY-P6306). CS-6253 TFA is an agonist for ATP-binding cassette 1 (ABCA 1). CS-6253 TFA improves the amyloid-β42/40 ratio, and affects lipoprotein metabolism in plasma. CS-6253 TFA generates cholesterol-rich high-density lipoprotein (HDL) particles, and induces the release of microparticles .
PSI (TFA) is a potent proteasome inhibitor. PSI (TFA) inhibits the proliferation of primary effusion lymphoma (PEL) cells. PSI (TFA) can be used for the research of Kaposi’s sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV) infection and KSHV-associated lymphomas .
Substance P TFA (Neurokinin P TFA) is a neuropeptide, acting as a neurotransmitter and as a neuromodulator in the CNS. The endogenous receptor for substance P is neurokinin 1 receptor (NK1-receptor, NK1R) .
PGLa TFA, a 21-residue peptide, is an antimicrobial peptide. PGLa TFA is a member of the magainin family of antibiotic peptides found in frog skin and its secretions .
WSHPQFEKWSHPQFEK TFA is an oligopeptide that can link proteins and dsDNA molecules in an efficient, rapid and specific manner. WSHPQFEKWSHPQFEK TFA can be used to construct DNA-protein hybrids .
Cyclo(Arg-Pro) (Cyclo(Pro-Arg)) TFA is a chitinase inhibitor. Cyclo(Arg-Pro) TFA inhibits cell separation of Saccharomyces cerevisiae, without affecting its growth. Cyclo(Arg-Pro) TFA inhibits the morphological change of Candida albicans from yeast form to filamentous form .
Veldoreotide (DG3173) TFA a somatostatin analogue, binds to and activate the somatostatin receptors (SSTR) 2, 4, and 5. Veldoreotide TFA inhibits growth hormone (GH) secretion in adenomas compared with Octreotide (HY-P0036). Veldoreotide has the potential to be used as pain modulating agent
Angiopeptin TFA, a cyclic octapeptide analogue of somatostatin, is a weak sst2/sst5 receptor partial agonist with IC50 values of 0.26 nM and 6.92 nM, respectively. Angiopeptin TFA is a potent inhibitor of growth hormone release and insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) production. Angiopeptin TFA inhibits adenylate cyclase or stimulates extracellular acidification. Angiopeptin TFA has the potential for coronary atherosclerosis research .
MHLWAAK TFA is an antioxidant active peptide that can be isolated from pancreatin hydrolysate of C-phycocyanin. MHLWAAK TFA has high DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging ability. MHLWAAK TFA protects zebrafish larvae from H2O2-induced oxidative damage .
MAQAAEYYR TFA is an antioxidant active peptide that can be isolated from pancreatin hydrolysate of C-phycocyanin. MAQAAEYYR TFA has high DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging ability. MAQAAEYYR TFA protects zebrafish larvae from H2O2-induced oxidative damage .
MDYYFEER TFA is an antioxidant active peptide that can be isolated from pancreatin hydrolysate of C-phycocyanin. MDYYFEER TFA has high DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging ability. MDYYFEER TFA protects zebrafish larvae from H2O2-induced oxidative damage .
KRFK TFA, a peptide derived from TSP-1, can activate TGF-β. KRFK TFA promotes TGF-β-mediated signaling and its downstream role, independent of thrombospondin (TSP) receptors such as CD47 and CD36. KRFK TFA can be used for chronic ocular surface inflammatory disorders reseach .
SAMβA TFA is conjugated to the cell permeable peptide TAT47-57. SAMβA TFA, a rationally designed selective antagonist of Mfn1-βIIPKC association. SAMβA TFA is a selective inhibitor of mitofusin 1-βIIPKC association improves heart failure outcome in rats .
PSMA targeting peptide TFA (PSMA-1 TFA) is a PSMA targeting peptide (GRFLTGGTGRLLRIS) and can be used for targeted delivery of glucose-regulated protein (GRP)-silencing siRNAs in PCa cells .
AUNP-12 TFA (NP-12 TFA) is a peptide antagonist of the PD-1 signaling pathway, displays equipotent antagonism toward PD-L1 and PD-L2 in rescue of lymphocyte proliferation and effector functions. AUNP-12 TFA exhibits immune activation, excellent antitumor activity, and potential for better management of immune-related adverse events (irAEs) .
JIP-1(153-163) TFA (TI-JIP TFA) is a peptide inhibitor of c-JNK, based on residues 153-163 of JNK-interacting protein-1 (JIP-1) (Modifications: Phe-11 = C-terminal amide) .
γ-Glu-Phe TFA (γ-Glutamylphenylalanine TFA) is synthesized by Bacillus amyloliquefaciens (GBA) and Aspergillus oryzae (GAO). γ-Glu-Phe TFA or the post-enzymatic reaction mixture enhances the umami intensity of commercial soy sauce and model chicken broth .
TDSRCVIGLYHPPLQVY TFA is a disordered control peptide. TDSRCVIGLYHPPLQVY TFA is a peptide containing the same amino acids as LP17 (HY-P3400) but in a different sequence order .
Sinapultide TFA is a 21-amino-acid peptide that mimics the action of human surfactant protein-B (SP-B). Sinapultide TFA can be used for synthetic phospholipids surfactants improvement .
AzGGK TFA is an unnatural amino acid. AzGGK TFA is site-specifically incorporated into proteins via genetic-code expansion. AzGGK TFA can be used as a site-specific probe for ubiquitylation and SUMOylation. AzGGK TFA is a click chemistry reagent, it contains an Azide group and can undergo copper-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition reaction (CuAAc) with molecules containing Alkyne groups. It can also undergo strain-promoted alkyne-azide cycloaddition (SPAAC) reactions with molecules containing DBCO or BCN groups .
Spadin TFA, a natural peptide derived from a propeptide released in blood, is a potent TREK-1 channel blocker with an IC50 value of 10 nM. Spadin TFA enhances dorsal raphe nucleus 5-HT neurotransmission in mice and induces hippocampal CREB activation and neurogenesis. Spadin TFA can be used for antidepressant research .
Imperatoxin A TFA is a peptide toxin derived from the venom of the African scorpion Pandinus imperator. Imperatoxin A TFA is a Ca 2+-release channels/ryanodine receptors (RyRs) activator. Imperatoxin A TFA enhances the influx of Ca 2+ from the sarcoplasmatic reticulum into the cell .
KLD-12 TFA is the TFA salt form of KLD-12 (HY-P2263). KLD-12 TFA is a self a 12-residue self-assembling peptide that is used in tissue-engineering. KLD-12 TFA combined with SDF-1 self-assembled polypeptide enhances chondrogenic differentiation of bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs). KLD-12 TFA hydrogel can fill full-thickness osteochondral defects in situ and improve cartilage repair .
LEESGGGLVQPGGSMK TFA, a proteolysis peptide, is a component of Infliximab. LEESGGGLVQPGGSMK TFA can be used for quantitative analysis of Infliximab. Infliximab is a chimeric monoclonal IgG1 antibody that specifically binds to TNF-α .
CREBtide TFA is a CREB (cAMP response element binding protein)-like peptide. CREBtide TFA a synthetic 13 amino acid peptide, has been reported as a PKA substrate .
HNGF6A TFA is a humanin analogue. HNGF6A TFA increases glucose-stimulated insulin secretion and glucose metabolism, and has the potential for diabetes research. HNGF6A TFA inhibits of ROS production during oxidative stress. HNGF6A TFA can prevent endothelial dysfunction and atherosclerosis in vivo .
Psalmotoxin 1 (PcTx1) TFA is a protein toxin that can bind at subunit-subunit interfaces of acid-sensing ion channel 1a (ASIC1a). Psalmotoxin 1 TFA is a potent and slective ASIC1a inhibitor (IC50: 0.9 nM) by increasing the apparent affinity for H + of ASIC1a. Psalmotoxin 1 TFA can induce cell apoptosis, also inhibits cell migration, proferliration and invasion of cancer cells. Psalmotoxin 1 TFA can be used in the research of cancers, or neurological disease .
Guanylin (mouse, rat) TFA, a petide, is composed of 15 amino acids. Guanylin (mouse, rat) TFA is an activator of intestinal guanylate cyclase. Guanylin (mouse, rat) TFA can be used for the research of diarrhea .
Hexa-D-arginine TFA (Furin Inhibitor II TFA) is a stable furin inhibitor with Ki values 106 nM, 580 nM and 13.2 μM for furin, PACE4 and prohormone convertase-1 (PC1), respectively. Hexa-D-arginine TFA blocks Pseudomonas exotoxin A and anthrax toxins toxicity in vitro and in vivo .
Substance P (5-11) TFATFA, the C-terminal heptapeptide of Substance P (Substance P (HY-P0201)), is a neuropeptide. Substance P (5-11) TFATFA binds to NK-1 tachykinin receptor .
RSM3 TFA, a stapled peptide, is a METTL3-METTL14 inhibitor with an Kd of 3.10 μM. RSM3 TFA inhibits tumor growth while induces cell apoptosis. RSM3 TFA can be used for study of cancer .
TAT-DEF-Elk-1 TFA (TDE TFA) is a cell-penetrating peptide inhibitor of Elk-1, mimics and specifically interferes with the DEF domain of Elk-1. TAT-DEF-Elk-1 TFA blocks Elk-1 phosphorylation and prevents Elk-1 nuclear translocation without interfering with ERK nor MSK1 activation. TAT-DEF-Elk-1 TFA is a useful tool to analyze the role of Elk-1 in this process during the development of neuronal plasticity .
Mazdutide (IBI-362; LY-3305677) TFA is a long-acting synthetic oxyntomodulin analog. Mazdutide is also a co-agonist of glucagon-like peptide (GLP-1R) and glucagon receptor (GCGR). Mazdutide TFA binds human and mouse GCGR (Ki: 17.7 nM and 15.9 nM, respectively) and GLP-1R (Ki: 28.6 nM and 25.1 nM, respectively) and stimulates insulin secretion from mouse islets (EC50: 5.2 nM). Mazdutide TFA is used in studies of obesity and type 2 diabetes (T2D) .
vMIP-II (1-21) (NT21MP) TFA is an inhibitor of CXCR4. vMIP-II (1-21) TFA interacts broadly with CC and CXC chemokine receptors. vMIP-II (1-21) TFA inhibits CXCR4 by competing with 125I-SDF-1R for binding sites (IC50=190 nM) .
Palmitoyl tetrapeptide-20 (PTP20) TFA is a biomimetic peptide that is an agonist for α-MSH. Palmitoyl tetrapeptide-20 TFA can protect follicular melanocytes and activate melanogenesis by enhancing catalase expression .
Disitertide (P144) TFA is a peptidic transforming growth factor-beta 1 (TGF-β1) inhibitor specifically designed to block the interaction with its receptor. Disitertide TFA is also a PI3K inhibitor and an apoptosis inducer .
Dalazatide (ShK-186) TFA is a specific Kv1.3 potassium channel peptide inhibitor. Dalazatide TFA can be used in the study of autoimmune diseases such as multiple sclerosis (MS), lupus erythematosus, psoriasis, rheumatoid arthritis, type 1 diabetes and inflammatory bowel disease .
CALP2 TFA is a calmodulin (CaM) antagonist (Kd of 7.9 µM) with high affinity for binding to the CaM EF-hand/Ca 2+-binding site. CALP2 TFA inhibits CaM-dependent phosphodiesterase activity and increases intracellular Ca 2+ concentrations. CALP2 TFA potently inhibits of adhesion and degranulation. CALP2 TFA is also a strong activator of alveolar macrophages .
MSG606 TFA is a potent human MC1 receptor antagonist (IC50=17 nM). MSG606 TFA also partial agonist at human MC3 and MC5 receptors (EC50 values are 59 and 1300 nM, respectively). MSG606 TFA exhibits binding affinity for A375 melanoma cells in vitro. MSG606 TFA reverses the induced hyperalgesia in female mice, with no effect in male mice.
MANS peptide TFA is the TFA salt form of MANS peptide (HY-P10218). MANS peptide TFA is an inhibitor for myristoylated alanine-rich C kinase substrate (MARCKS), which competes with MARCKS in cells for membrane binding, and thus inhibits the stimulation of mucin secretion and tumor metastasis .
BigLEN(mouse) TFA is a GPR171 agonist. BigLEN(mouse) TFA is a proSAAS-derived neuropeptide. BigLEN(mouse) TFA regulates food intake in mice. BigLEN(mouse) inhibits the release of glutamate onto parvocellular neurons of the paraventricular nucleus in a process dependent upon activation of postsynaptic G proteins.
Neuropeptide S(Mouse) TFA is a potent endogenous neuropeptide S receptor (NPSR) agonist (EC50=3 nM). Neuropeptide S(Mouse) TFA induces mobilization of intracellular Ca 2+. Neuropeptide S(Mouse) TFA increases locomotor activity and wakefulness in mice. Neuropeptide S(Mouse) TFA also reduces anxiety-like behavior in mice.
Semaglutide TFA, a long-acting GLP-1 analogue, is a glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonist. Semaglutide TFA has the potential for type 2 diabetes treatment.
PAR-4 Agonist Peptide, amide TFA (PAR-4-AP TFA; AY-NH2 TFA) is a proteinase-activated receptor-4 (PAR-4) agonist, which has no effect on either PAR-1 or PAR-2 and whose effects are blocked by a PAR-4 antagonist .
Phytochelatin 5 TFA is metal-binding compound produced by plants. Phytochelatin 5 TFA may reduce bioavailability of dietary toxic metals such as cadmium .
Phytochelatin 6 TFA is metal-binding compound produced by plants. Phytochelatin 6 TFA may reduce bioavailability of dietary toxic metals such as cadmium .
G12 (Ras 5-17) TFA is a wild-type Ras peptide consisted of amino acids 5-17 (KLVVVGAGGVGKS). G12 TFA can be used as a control of mutant Ras peptides studies (such V12) .
CTAP TFA is a potent, highly selective, and BBB penetrant μ opioid receptor antagonist, with an IC50 of 3.5 nM. CTAP TFA displays over 1200-fold selectivity over δ opioid (IC50=4500 nM) and somatostatin receptors. CTAP TFA can be used for the study of L-DOPA-induced dyskinesia (LID) and opiate overdose or addiction .
SIIVFEKL TFA is a variant of the major MHC class I-restricted epitope SIINFEKL. SIIVFEKL TFA is an antigenic peptide, that can stimulate specific T cells in experimental settings to study the competitive interaction between T cells. SIIVFEKL TFA exhibits low affinity for the OT-I T cell receptor (TCR), and can be used for detection of CD8+ T cells .
SIYNFEKL TFA is a variant of major MHC class I-restricted epitope SIINFEKL. SIYNFEKL TFA is an antigenic peptide, that can stimulate specific T cells in experimental settings to study the competitive interaction between T cell. SIYNFEKL TFA exhibits low affinity for the OT-I T cell receptor (TCR), and can be used for detection of CD8+ T cells .
(Arg)9 (Nona-L-arginine) TFA is a cell-penetrating peptide (CPP) made up of 9 arginine residues. (Arg)9 TFA has neuroprotective property, exhibits neuroprotective activity with an IC50 of 0.78 μM in the glutamic acid model .
Conantokin G TFA, a 17-amino-acid peptide, is a potent, selective and competitive antagonist of N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptors. Conantokin G TFA inhibits NMDA-evoked currents in murine cortical neurons with an IC50 of 480 nM. Conantokin G TFA has neuroprotective properties .
ATX-II TFA is a specific Na + channel Modulator toxin that can be isolated from the venom of sea anemone (Anemonia sulcata). ATX-II TFA causes delayed inactivation of the Na +TFA sensitizes skeletal muscle to Halothane (HY-B1010), Caffeine, and Ryanodine (HY-103306). ATX-II TFA also induces pulmonary vein arrhythmogenesis and atrial fibrillation .
Norleual TFA, an angiotensin (Ang) IV analog, is a hepatocyte growth factor (HGF)/c-Met inhibitor with an IC50 of 3 pM. Norleual TFA is an AT4 receptor antagonist and exhibits potent antiangiogenic activities .
Thanatin TFA is an inducible cationic antimicrobial peptide. Thanatin TFA s a pathogen-inducible single-disulfide-bond-containing β-hairpin AMP. Thanatin TFA displays broad-spectrum activity against both Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria as well as against various species of fungi with MICs of 0.3-40 µM, 0.6-40 µM and 0.6-20 µM, respectively. Thanatin TFA has the property of competitive replacement of divalent cations from bacterial outer membrane (OM), leading to OM disruption .
SAR441255 TFA is a potent unimolecular peptide GLP-1/GIP/GCG receptor triagonist. SAR441255 TFA displays high potency with balanced activation of all three target receptors. SAR441255 TFA shows positive acute glucoregulatory effectss in diabetic obese monkeys .
AtPep3 TFA is a hormone-like peptide. AtPep3 TFA can enhance salinity tolerance of plants and inhibits the salt-induced bleaching of chlorophyll in seedlings .
Malantide TFA is a synthetic dodecapeptide derived from the site phosphorylated by cAMP-dependent protein kinase (PKA) on the β-subunit of phosphorylase kinase. Malantide TFA is a highly specific substrate for PKA with a Km of 15 μM and shows protein inhibitor (PKI) inhibition >90% substrate phosphorylation in various rat tissue extracts . Malantide TFA is also an efficient substrate for PKC with a Km of 16 μM .
Gap19 TFA, a peptide derived from nine amino acids of the Cx43 cytoplasmic loop (CL), is a potent and selective connexin 43 (Cx43) hemichannel blocker. Gap19 TFA inhibits hemichannels caused by preventing intramolecular interactions of the C-terminus (CT) with the CL. Gap19 TFA is not blocking GJ channels or Cx40/pannexin-1 hemichannels. Gap19 TFA has protective effects against myocardial .
CALP1 TFA is a calmodulin (CaM) agonist (Kd of 88 µM) with binding to the CaM EF-hand/Ca 2+-binding site. CALP1 TFA blocks calcium influx and apoptosis (IC50 of 44.78 µM) through inhibition of calcium channel opening. CALP1 TFA blocks glutamate receptor channels and blocks a store-operated nonselective cation channel. CALP1 TFA activates CaM-dependent phosphodiesterase activity .
NFF-3 TFA, the peptide, is a selective MMP substrate. NFF-3 TFA selectively binds to MMP-3 and MMP-10 to be hydrolyzed. NFF-3 TFA is also cleaved by trypsin, hepatocyte growth factor activator, and factor Xa. Label NFF-3 TFA with a CyDye pair, Cy3/Cy5Q, can produce fluorescence in cell assays to detect cell activity .
Iberiotoxin (TFA) is a selective high conductance high conductance Ca 2+-activated K + channel inhibitor with a Kd of ~1 nM. Iberiotoxin (TFA) does not block other types of voltage-dependent ion channels .
Apraglutide TFA (FE 203799 TFA), a synthetic 33-amino-acid peptide and a long-acting GLP-2 analogue, enhances adaptation and linear intestinal growth in a neonatal piglet model of short bowel syndrome with total resection of the ileum .
BeKm-1 TFA is a potent and selective KV11.1 (hERG) channel blocker. BeKm-1 TFA is selective for KV11.1 over a panel of 14 other potassium channels. BeKm-1 TFA dose-dependently prolongs QTc interval in isolated rabbit heart.
Cys-Pexiganan TFA is an amphiphilic antimicrobial peptide. Cys-Pexiganan TFA exhibits antibacterial activities against Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, with MIC of 16 μg/mL and 64.0 μg/mL. Cys-Pexiganan TFA interacts with anionic phospholipids and DNA of microbial cell membranes, disintegrates the cells and leads to cell death .
Urotensin II, mouse TFA is an endogenous ligand for the orphan G-protein-coupled receptor GPR14 or SENR. Urotensin II, mouse TFA is a potent vasoconstrictor. Urotensin II, mouse TFA plays a physiological role in the central nervous system .
CD31 (PECAM-1) TFA is platelet endothelial cell adhesion molecule-1, serves as the endothelial cell-specific receptor of clostridium perfringens b-Toxin (CPB). CD31 TFA is also an ER-MP12 antigen, acts as a linker between mechanical stress, metabolism and inflammation. CD31 TFA peptide is able to sustain phosphorylation of the CD31 ITIM686 and of SHP2 and to inhibit TCR-induced T-cell activation - .
Teduglutide TFA is a dipeptidyl peptidase IV resistant glucagon-like peptide 2 (GLP-2) analogue. Teduglutide TFA can activate the expression of nuclear receptor subfamily 4 group a member 1 (NR4a1)/nur77 and intestinal FXR signaling in human hepatic stellate cells, thereby improving liver inflammation and fibrosis in mice with sclerosing cholangitis. Teduglutide TFA can alleviate intestinal dysfunction in mice, improve lung injury, alleviate obesity related neuroinflammation and cell apoptosis .
TP508 TFA is a 23-amino acid nonproteolytic thrombin peptide that represents a portion of the receptor-binding domain of thrombin molecule. TP508 TFA activates endothelial NO synthase (eNOS) and stimulates production of NO in human endothelial cells. TP508 TFA activates endothelial cells and stem cells to revascularize and regenerate tissues .
NP213 TFA is a rapidly acting, novel, first-in-class synthetic antimicrobial peptide (AMP), has anti-fungal activities. NP213 TFA targets the fungal cytoplasmic membrane and plays it role via membrane perturbation and disruption. NP213 TFA is effective and well-tolerated in resolving nail fungal infections .
UFP-101 TFA is a potent, selective, and competitive antagonist of the N/OFQ peptide (NOP) receptor, with a pKi of 10.24. UFP-101 TFA displays >3000-fold selectivity over δ, μ and κ opioid receptors. UFP-101 TFA shows antidepressant-like effect .
Colivelin TFA is a brain penetrant neuroprotective peptide and a potent activator of STAT3, suppresses neuronal death by activating STAT3?in vitro . Colivelin TFA exhibits long-term beneficial effects against neurotoxicity, Aβ deposition, neuronal apoptosis, and synaptic plasticity deficits in neurodegenerative disease . Colivelin TFA has the potential for the treatment of alzheimer's disease and ischemic brain injury .
REDV TFA is the minimal active sequence within the CS5 site of the alternatively spliced type III connecting segment (IIICS) region of fibronectin. REDV TFA can mediate adhesion to the IIICS region of plasma fibronectin by binding the integrin alpha 4 beta 1(α4β1). REDV TFA can be used for the research of cell adhesion .
KSPWFTTL TFA is an immunodominant Kb-restricted epitope from the p15E transmembrane protein. KSPWFTTL TFA can restore susceptibility of a tumor line to anti-AKR/Gross MuLV cytotoxic T lymphocytes .
Bac2A TFA is an antimicrobial and immunomodulatory peptide. Bac2A TFA is a linear variant of bactenecin and is very effective against fungal pathogens.
ANQ-11125 TFA is a potent and selective antagonist of motilin, with the pKd of 8.24. ANQ-11125 TFA blocks motilide-induced contractions in vitro in the rabbit .
Cyclo(RGDyC) TFA is a cyclic pentapeptide with anti-angiogenic abilities. Cyclo(RGDyC) TFA can be combined with liposome delivery systems for research on ocular neovascular diseases and cancer .
SPPHPSPAFSPAFDNLYYWDQ TFA is a multi-epitope class II rat HER2/neu peptide. SPPHPSPAFSPAFDNLYYWDQ TFA can be used for the research class II HER2-DC1 vaccine studies .
IRGRILHDGAYSLTLQGLGIH TFA is a multi-epitope class II rat HER2/neu peptide. IRGRILHDGAYSLTLQGLGIH TFA can be used for the research class II HER2-DC1 vaccine studies .
Dynorphin A TFA is an endogenous opioid peptide involved in inhibitory neurotransmission in the central nervous system (CNS). Dynorphin A TFA is a highy potent kappa opioid receptor (KOR) agonist, and is also an agonist for other opioid receptors, such as mu (MOR) and delta (DOR). Dynorphin A TFA can induce neuronal death, and can be used in the research of neurological disease .
Hemopressin(rat) TFA is a nonapeptide derived from the α1-chain of hemoglobin, is originally isolated from rat brain homogenates. Hemopressin(rat) TFA is orally active, selective and inverse agonist of CB1 cannabinoid receptors. Hemopressin(rat) TFA exerts antinociceptive action in inflammatory pain models .
LAH4 TFA, an alpha-helix of the designed amphipathic peptide antibiotic, exhibits potent antimicrobial, nucleic acid transfection and cell penetration activities. LAH4 TFA possesses high plasmid DNA delivery capacities. LAH4 TFA has a strong affinity for anionic lipids found in the outer membrane of bacterial membranes .
Gramicidin A (TFA) is a peptide component of gramicidin, an antibiotic mixture originally isolated from B. brevis. Gramicidin A (TFA) is a highly hydrophobic channel-forming ionophore that forms channels in model membranes that are permeable to monovalent cations. Gramicidin A (TFA) induces degradation of hypoxia inducible factor 1 α (HIF-1α) .
11R-VIVIT TFA is a cell-permeable nuclear factor of activated T cells (NFAT) inhibitor. 11R-VIVIT TFA can be used for the research of podocyte and diabetic nephropathy .
Ala-Ala-Phe-AMC TFA is the TFA salt form for Ala-Ala-Phe-AMC. Ala-Ala-Phe-AMC TFA is a fluorogenic substrate, which is used to for tripeptidyl peptidase II (TPPII) activity determination .
Dabcyl-KTSAVLQSGFRKME-Edans TFA is a fluorogenic peptide. Dabcyl-KTSAVLQSGFRKME-Edans TFA is used as the substrate to measure the enzymatic activities of protease forms. Dabcyl-KTSAVLQSGFRKME-Edans TFA has the potential for study 2019-nCoV (COVID-19) infection .
SYNV-cyclo(CGGYF) TFA is a Staphylococcus hominis (S. hominis) C5 autoinducing peptide. SYNV-cyclo(CGGYF) TFA inhibits S. aureus activity. SYNV-cyclo(CGGYF) TFA has the potential for the research of S. aureus-mediated epithelial damage and inflammation .
Saralasin ([Sar1,Ala8] Angiotensin II) TFA is an octapeptide analog of angiotensin II. Saralasin TFA is a competitive angiotensin II receptor antagonist with a Ki value of 0.32 nM for 74% of the binding sites, and has partial agonist activity as well. Saralasin TFA can be used for the research of renovascular hypertension, renin-dependent (angiotensinogenic) hypertension .
Ac-FEID-CMK TFA is a potent zebrafish-specific GSDMEb-derived peptide inhibitor.
Ac-FEID-CMK TFA can attenuate the mortality and kidney injury during septic shock. Ac-FEID-CMK TFA inhibits pyroptosis and attenuates septic AKI (acute kidney injury) in vivo. Ac-FEID-CMK TFA can suppress the caspy2-mediated noncanonical inflammasome pathway .
Allo-aca TFA, a leptin peptidomimetic, is a potent, specific leptin receptor antagonist peptide. Allo-aca TFA blocks leptin signaling and action in numerous in vitro and in vivo models .
IHRIC TFA is a penta-peptide, correlated positively with hairpin DNA with tetramer loops. Therefore, IHRIC TFA joins hands with hairpin DNA (hpDNA) with improved selectivity as sensing materials in the detection system, used for surface plasmon resonance imaging (SPRi) .
KSDSC TFA is a penta-peptide, correlated positively with hairpin DNA with tetramer loops. Therefore, KSDSC TFA joins hands with hairpin DNA (hpDNA) with improved selectivity as sensing materials in the detection system, used for surface plasmon resonance imaging (SPRi) .
NN1177 (NNC9204-1177) TFA is a long-acting GLP-1/glucagon receptor co-agonist. NN1177 TFA can induce a dose-dependent body weight loss in diet-induced obese (DIO) mice .
Liraglutide- 13C5, 15N (tetraTFA)is the 13C and 15N labeledLiraglutide(HY-P0014) . Liraglutide is a glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonist used clinically to treat type 2 diabetes mellitus .
Hemokinin 1, human TFA is a selective tachykinin neurokinin 1 (NK1) receptor full agonist. Hemokinin 1, human TFA is a full agonist at NK2 and NK3 receptor. Hemokinin 1, human TFA can produces an opioid-independent analgesia .
Neuropeptide S(Rat) TFA is a potent endogenous neuropeptide S receptor (NSPR) agonist (EC50=3.2 nM). Neuropeptide S(Rat) TFA increases locomotor activity and wakefulness in mice. Neuropeptide S(Rat) TFA also reduces anxiety-like behavior in mice.
Amylin (IAPP), feline TFA is a 37-amino acid polypeptide from feline. Amylin (IAPP), feline TFA is one of the major secretory products of β-cells of the pancreatic islets. Amylin (IAPP), feline TFA is a regulatory peptide, which inhibits insulin and glucagon secretion .
Cn2 toxin TFA (β-Mammal toxin Cn2 TFA) is a single-chain β-scorpion neurotoxic peptide that is the main toxin in scorpion venom. Cn2 toxin (TFA) specifically targets mammalian voltage-gated sodium channels (VGSC) Nav1.6 .
Orexin B, rat, mouse (Rat orexin B) TFA is an endogenous orexin receptor agonist. Orexin B, rat, mouse TFA binds and activates two closely related orphan G protein-coupled receptors OX1-R and OX2-R. Orexin B, rat, mouse TFA stimulates food intake and energy expenditure and plays a significant role in sleep-wakefulness regulation .
TC14012 TFA, a serum-stable derivative of T140, is a selective and peptidomimetic CXCR4 antagonist with an IC50 of 19.3 nM. TC14012 TFA is a potent CXCR7 agonist with an EC50 of 350 nM for recruiting β-arrestin 2 to CXCR7. TC14012 TFA has anti-HIV activity and anti-cancer activity .
CCZ01048 TFA, a α-MSH analogue, exhibits high binding affinity to melanocortin 1 receptor (MC1R) with a Ki of 0.31 nM. CCZ01048 TFA shows rapid internalization into B16F10 melanoma cells and high in vivo stability. CCZ01048 TFA is a promising candidate for PET imaging of malignant melanoma .
Cyclotraxin B TFA, a cyclic peptide, is a highly potent and selective TrkB inhibitor without altering the binding of BDNF. Cyclotraxin B TFA non-competitively inhibits BDNF-induced TrkB activity with an IC50 of 0.30 nM. Cyclotraxin B TFA can crosse the blood-brain-barrier and has analgesic and anxiolytic-like behavioral effects .
740 Y-P TFA is a potent and cell-permeable PI3K activator. 740 Y-P TFA readily binds GST fusion proteins containing both the N- and C- terminal SH2 domains of p85 but fails to bind GST alone .
Cecropin A TFA is a linear 37-residue antimicrobial polypeptide isolated from Hyalaphora cecropia pupae. Cecropin A TFA exhibits anti-bacterial, anti-inflammatory and anti-cancer activity .
VPM peptide TFA is a dithiol protease-cleavable peptide cross-linker. VPM peptide TFA can be incorporated into the backbone of the PEG-diacrylate (PEG-DA) macromer to form PEG hydrogel .
TCMCB07 TFA, a cyclic nonapeptide peptide, is an orally active and brain-penetrant melanocortin receptor 4 (MC4R) antagonist. TCMCB07 TFA plays an important role in cachexia .
Guangxitoxin 1E TFA is the TFA salt form of Guangxitoxin 1E (HY-P1427). Guangxitoxin 1E TFA is a peptide toxin and a selective inhibitor for voltage-gated potassium channel KV2.1 and KV2.2 with IC50 of 1-3 nM. Guangxitoxin 1E TFA enhances glucose-stimulated intracellular calcium ion oscillations and increases insulin secretion in a glucose-dependent manner .
Cyclosomatostatin TFA is a potent somatostatin (SST) receptor antagonist. Cyclosomatostatin TFA can inhibit somatostatin receptor type 1 (SSTR1) signaling and decreases cell proliferation, ALDH+ cell population size and sphere-formation in colorectal cancer (CRC) cells .
Ac-DEVD-CMK (Caspase-3 Inhibitor III) TFA is a selective and irreversible caspase-3 inhibitor. Ac-DEVD-CMK TFA significantly inhibits apoptosis induced by high levels of glucose or 3,20-dibenzoate (IDB; HY-137295). Ac-DEVD-CMK TFA can be used in a variety of experimental approaches to inhibit apoptosis .
D-GsMTx4 TFA, a spider peptide, is the D-enantiomer of GsMTx4 (HY-P1410). D-GsMTx4 TFA inhibits the mechanosensitive ion channel Piezo2. D-GsMTx4 TFA can be used for research of mechanical stress .
Survodutide (BI 456906) TFA is a potent, selective glucagon receptor/GLP-1 receptor (GCGR/GLP-1R) dual agonist with EC50s of 0.52 nM and 0.33 nM in CHO-K1 cells, respectively. Survodutide TFA, a 29-amino-acid peptide, is a potent acylated peptide containing a C18 fatty acid. Survodutide TFA has robust anti-obesity efficacy achieved by increasing energy expenditure and decreasing food intake .
Arg-Gly-Asp-Ser (TFA) is an integrin binding sequence that inhibits integrin receptor function. Arg-Gly-Asp-Ser (TFA) directly and specifically bind pro-caspase-8, pro-caspase-9 and pro-caspase-3, while it does not bind pro-caspase-1 .
Margatoxin TFA, an alpha-KTx scorpion toxin, is a high affinity inhibitor of Kv1.3 (Kd=11.7 pM). Margatoxin TFA inhibits the Kv1.2 (Kd=6.4 pM) and Kv1.1 (Kd=4.2 nM). Margatoxin TFA, a 39 amino-acid-long peptide, is isolated from the venom of the scorpion Centruroides margaritatus and widely used in ion channel research .
Amylin, amide, human TFA, a 37-amino acid polypeptide, is a pancreatic hormone cosecreted with insulin that exerts unique roles in metabolism and glucose homeostasis. Amylin, amide, human TFA inhibits glucagon secretion, delays gastric emptying, and acts as a satiety agent .
Nociceptin (1-7) TFA is the N-terminal bioactive fragment of nociceptin (HY-P0183). Nociceptin (1-7) TFA is a potent ORL1 (NOP) receptor agonist with antinociceptive activity. Nociceptin (1-7) TFA combines with nociceptin reduces hyperalgesia in vivo .
Caerin 1.1 TFA is a host defense peptide isolated from the glandular secretions of the Australian tree frog Litoria. Caerin 1.1 TFA inhibits HeLa cell proliferation and mediates apoptosis. Caerin 1.1 TFA may enhance adaptive T cell immune responses .
PHF6 (VQIVYK) TFA is a self-assembly sequence capable of initiating the full-length tau protein aggregation. PHF6 TFA is mapped to the third microtubule-binding repeat region of the tau protein .
Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) TFA is a polypeptide tropic hormone produced by the anterior pituitary gland. Adrenocorticotropic hormone regulates cortisol and androgen production .
RGD peptide (GRGDNP) TFA is an inhibitor of integrin-ligand interactions. RGD peptide (GRGDNP) TFA competitively inhibits α5β1 binding with extracellular matrice (ECM). RGD peptide (GRGDNP) TFA promotes apoptosis through activation of conformation changes that enhance pro-caspase-3 activation and autoprocessing. RGD peptide (GRGDNP) TFA plays an important role in cell adhesion, migration, growth, and differentiation .
DOTA.SA.FAPi TFA is a bifunctional DATA5m and DOTA chelator, which is composed of the squaric acid and UAMC1110. DOTA.SA.FAPi TFA inhibits fibroblast activation protein (FAP) with an IC50 of 0.9 nM. DOTA.SA.FAPi TFA targets protease PREP with an IC50 of 5.4 μM. DOTA.SA.FAPi TFA can be used a PET tracer, when labeled with 68Ga, and used for research about cancer .
Obestatin(rat) TFA, encoded by the Ghrelin gene, is a cpeptide, comprised of 23 amino acids. Obestatin(rat) TFA suppresses food intake, inhibits jejunal contraction, and decreases body-weight gain. Obestatin is an endogenous ligand of G-protein coupled receptor 39 (GPR39). Obestatin(rat) TFA has anti-inflammatory, anti-myocardial infarction and antioxidant activities .
RVD-Hpα TFA is the N-terminally extended form of human hemopressin that acts as a selective CB1 receptor agonist. RVD-Hpα TFA increases intracellular Ca 2+ levels in cells expressing CB1 receptors in vitro. RVD-Hpα TFA also high affinity CB2 positive allosteric modulator (Ki=50 nM).
TPP-1 TFA is a potent inhibitor of the PD-1/PD-L1 interaction. TPP-1 TFA binds specifically to PD-L1 with a high affinity (KD=95 nM). TPP-1 TFA inhibits human tumor growth in vivo via reactivating T-cell function .
IGF-I (24-41) (Insulin-like Growth Factor I (24-41)) TFA is amino acids 24 to 41 fragment of IGF-I. IGF-I TFA, a 70 aa polypeptide hormone, is a trophic factor for both neurons and glial cells. IGF-I TFA is partly responsible for systemic growth hormone (GH) activities. IGF-I TFA has anabolic, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and cytoprotective actions. IGF-I (24-41) TFA regulates somatic growth and behavioral development .
fStAx-35R TFA is the hydrocarbon-stapled peptide. fStAx-35R TFA inhibits Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway by disrupting the β-catenin-TCF interaction. fStAx-35R TFA can be used in cancer research .
Dendrotoxin K TFA is a Kv1.1 channel blocker. Dendrotoxin K TFA determines glutamate release in CA3 neurons in a time-dependent manner through the control of the presynaptic spike waveform .
Dendrotoxin-I (DTX-I) TFA is a potent K + channel blocker with IC50s of 0.13-50 nM for voltage-gated potassium channel subunits KV1.1, KV1.2 and KV1.6. Dendrotoxin-I TFA, a neurotoxin, has the potential for cancer research .
TRV120027 TFA, a β-arrestin-1-biased agonist of the angiotensin II receptor type 1 (AT1R), engages ß-arrestins while blocking G-protein signaling . TRV120027 TFA induces acute catecholamine secretion through cation channel subfamily C3 (TRPC3) coupling, promotes the formation of a macromolecular complex composed of AT1R–β-arrestin-1–TRPC3–PLCγ at the plasma membrane. TRV120027 TFA inhibits angiotensin II–mediated vasoconstriction and increases cardiomyocyte contractility. TRV120027 TFA has the potential for the acute decompensated heart failure (ADHF) treatment .
Kisspeptin 13 TFA is the TFA salt form of Kisspeptin 13 (HY-P3641). Kisspeptin-13 TFA inhibits glucose-induced insulin secretion with an IC50 of 1.2 nM. Kisspeptin 13 TFA activates the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis, causes hyperthermia, motor behavior and anxiety in rats. Kisspeptin 13 TFA interacts with α2-adrenergic and 5-HT2 serotonin receptors, exhibits antidepressant efficacy. Kisspeptin 13 TFA is an activator for GPR54 and GnRH receptor, which enhances memory and can be used in Alzheimer's disease research .
P4pal10 TFA is the TFA salt form of P4pal10 (HY-P5875). P4pal10 TFA is an antagonist for protease-activated receptor 4 (PAR4). P4pal10 TFA inhibits the platelet aggregation, inhibits tissue factor (TF)-induced thrombin generation, and exhibits anticoagulant and antithrombotic activities. P4pal10 TFA reduces the oedema and the granulocyte infiltration induced by Carrageenan (HY-125474). P4pal10 TFA ameliorates the injury in rats myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) models .
Hepcidin-1 (mouse) TFA is an endogenous peptide hormone involved in the regulation of iron homeostasis. Hepcidin-1 (mouse) TFA upregulates mRNA levels of TRAP, cathepsin K, and MMP-9 and increases TRAP-5b protein secretion. Hepcidin-1 (mouse) TFA downregulates the level of FPN1 protein and increases intracellular iron. Hepcidin-1 (mouse) TFA facilitates osteoclast differentiation .
Transdermal Peptide Disulfide TFA (TD 1 Disulfide(peptide) TFA) is a 11-amino acid peptide, binds to Na +/K +-ATPase beta-subunit (ATP1B1), and mainly interacts with the C-terminus of ATP1B1. Transdermal Peptide Disulfide TFA can enhance the transdermal delivery of many macromolecules .
NLS-StAx-h TFA is a selective, cell permeable, stapled peptide Wnt signaling inhibitor with an IC50 of 1.4 μM. NLS-StAx-h TFA efficiently inhibits β-catenin-transcription factor interactions. NLS-StAx-h TFA shows anti-proliferation of cancer cells .
Bz-Ala-Arg TFA is a dipeptide. Bz-Ala-Arg TFA is also a spectrophotometric substrate (0.4 M pyridine formate, pH 4.25) of human pancreatic carboxypeptidase B and plasma carboxypeptidase N. Bz-Ala-Arg TFA can be used to screen competitive inhibitors of these two enzymes .
Apelin-13 TFA is an endogenous ligand for the G-protein coupled receptor angiotensin II protein J (APJ), activating this G protein-coupled receptor with an EC 50 value of 0.37 nM. Apelin-13 TFA has vasodilatory and antihypertensive effects. Apelin-13 TFA also can be used for researching type 2 diabetes and metabolic syndrome .
COG 133 TFA is a fragment of Apolipoprotein E (APOE) peptide. COG 133 TFA competes with the ApoE holoprotein for binding the LDL receptor, with potent anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective effects. COG 133 TFA is also a nAChR antagonist with an IC50 of 445 nM .
Brain Natriuretic Peptide-45, rat TFA (BNP-45, rat TFA) is a circulating form of rat brain natriuretic peptide isolated from rat heart with potent hypotensive and natriuretic potency .
GLP-2(rat) TFA is an intestinal growth factor. GLP-2(rat) TFA stimulates cell proliferation and inhibits apoptosis. GLP-2(rat) TFA enhances mucosal mass and function in residual small intestine after massive small bowel resection (MSBR) .
Hemopressin TFA is a nonapeptide derived from the α1-chain of hemoglobin, is originally isolated from rat brain homogenates. Hemopressin TFA is orally active, selective and inverse agonist of CB1 cannabinoid receptors. Hemopressin TFA exerts antinociceptive action in inflammatory pain models .
LL-37 FK-13 TFA is the TFA salt form of LL-37 FK-13 (HY-P4836). LL-37 FK-13 TFA is an antimicrobial agent, that inhibits Trichomonas vaginalis. LL-37 FK-13 TFA exhibits minimal hemolytic effects on human erythrocytes and low cytotoxicity to human fibroblasts .
IA9 TFA (human TREM-2 182-190 TFA) is a TREM-2 inhibitor , and can diminish release of proinflammatory cytokines and dramatically suppressed joint inflammation and damage in collagen-Induced Arthritis (CIA) mice model .
AMY-101 TFA (Cp40 TFA), a peptidic inhibitor of the central complement component C3 (KD = 0.5 nM), inhibits naturally occurring periodontitis in non-human primates (NHPs). AMY-101 (Cp40) exhibits a favorable anti-inflammatory activity in models with COVID-19 severe pneumonia with systemic hyper inflammation .
α-CGRP(human) TFA is a regulatory neuropeptide of 37 amino acids. α-CGRP(human) is widely distributed in the central and peripheral nervous system. α-CGRP(human) TFA is a potent vasodilator .
CCP peptide TFA is a synthetic cyclic citrullinated peptide (CCP) and used as the substrate for detecting anti-CCP antibodies serologically. CCP peptide TFA functions as a target for autoantibodies with a very high specificity for rheumatoid arthritis (RA) .
CTCE-9908 TFA is a potent and selective CXCR4 antagonist. CTCE-9908 TFA induces mitotic catastrophe, cytotoxicity and inhibits migration in CXCR4-expressing ovarian cancer cells .
Api137 TFA is an antimicrobial peptide that interferes with bacterial growth by inhibiting translation. Api137 TFA inhibits protein synthesis by trapping of release factors on the 70S ribosome following hydrolysis of the nascent polypeptide chain .
Neuropeptide S human TFA, a neuropeptide, is a potent cognate neuropeptide S receptor (NPSR) agonist. Neuropeptide S human TFA can be used for Alzheimer's disease (AD) research .
DOTA-LM3 TFA is a somatostatin receptor (SSTR) antagonist. LM3 refers to p-Cl-Phe- cyclo(D-Cys-Tyr-D-4-amino-Phe(carbamoyl)-Lys-Thr-Cys)D-Tyr- NH2, as well as a somatostatin antagonist. DOTA-LM3 TFA is often isotopically labeled for tracing tumors in vivo, such as 177Lu-DOTA-LM3 TFA and 68 Ga-DOTA-LM3 TFA. 68 Ga-DOTA-LM3 TFA shows favorable biodistribution, high tumor uptake, good tumor retention, and few safety concerns. 177Lu-DOTA-LM3 TFA can be used for research in DOTATOC-negative liver metastases, such as pancreatic NET and extensive tumor thrombosis .
Human growth hormone-releasing factor TFA (Growth Hormone Releasing Factor human TFA) is a hypothalamic polypeptide and stimulates GH production and release by binding to the GHRH Receptor (GHRHR) on cells in the anterior pituitary .
MMK1 TFA is a potent and selective human formyl peptide receptor like-1 (FPRL-1/FPR2) agonist with EC50s of <2 nM and >10000 nM for FPRL-1 and FPR1, respectively. MMK1 TFA is a potent chemotactic and calcium-mobilizing agonist. MMK1 TFA potently activates phagocytic leukocytes and enhances Pertussis Toxin-sensitive production by human monocytes of proinflammatory cytokines IL-1b and IL-6. MMK1 TFA exerts anxiolytic-like activity .
AC 187 TFA is a potent and orally active amylin receptor antagonist with an IC50 of 0.48 nM and a Ki of 0.275 nM. AC 187 TFA shows more selective for amylin receptor than calcitonin and CGRP receptors. AC 187 TFA has neuroprotective effects .
Nucleoprotein (396-404) TFA is the 396 to 404 fragment of lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (LCMV). Nucleoprotein (396-404) TFA is the H-2D(b)-restricted immunodominant epitope and can be used as a molecular model of viral antigen .
ELAAWCRWGFLLALLPPGIAG TFA (P5) is derived from rat HER2/neu protein with 21 amino acid length (aa 5-25). ELAAWCRWGFLLALLPPGIAG TFA can induce cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) responses in mice bearing HER2-positive tumours .
TAT-Gap19 TFA, a Cx mimetic peptide, is a specific connexin43 hemichannel (Cx43 HC) inhibitor. TAT-Gap19 TFA does not inhibits the corresponding Cx43 GJCs. TAT-Gap19 TFA traverses the blood-brain barrier and alleviate liver fibrosis in mice .
ELA-11(human) TFA is a high affinity apelin receptor agonist (Ki=14 nM). ELA-11(human) TFA is a bioactive fragment of ELA-32. ELA-11(human) TFA inhibits forskolin-induced cAMP production and stimulates β-arrestin recruitment in vitro.
TRAF6 peptide TFA is a specific TRAF6-p62 inhibitor. TRAF6 peptide TFA potently abrogates NGF-dependent TrkA ubiquitination. TRAF6 peptide TFA has good research potential in neurological diseases such as alzheimer's disease (AD), parkinson's, ALS, head trauma, epilepsy and stroke .
Calcitonin, eel TFA is the thyroid hormone peptide that contributes to the regulation of calcium homeostasis, widely used in the research of postmenopausal osteoporosis .
HA Peptide (TFA) is a nine amino acids peptide derived from the human influenza hemagglutinin (HA). HA Peptide (TFA) is extensively used to isolate, purify, detect, and track the protein of interest in cell biology and biochemistry .
DX600 TFA is a selective ACE2 specific inhibitor (KD: 1.3 nM), and does not cross-react with ACE. DX600 TFA exacerbates diabetes-induced cardiovascular dysfunction and the increase in cardiac and renal NOX activity .
Super-TDU (1-31) TFA is a peptide fragment of Super-TDU. Super-TDU (1-31) TFA is an inhibitor of YAP-TEAD complex. Super-TDU TFA shows potent anti-tumor activity and suppresses tumor growth in gastric cancer mouse model .
Bay 55-9837 TFA is a potent and highly selective agonist of VPAC2, with a Kd of 0.65 nM. Bay 55-9837 TFA may be a useful therapy for the research of type 2 diabetes .
[Leu5]-Enkephalin TFA is a pentapeptide with morphine like properties. [Leu5]-Enkephalin TFA is a five amino acid endogenous peptide that acts as an agonist at opioid receptors.
GsMTx4 TFA is a spider venom peptide that selectively inhibits cationic-permeable mechanosensitive channels (MSCs) belonging to the Piezo and TRP channel families. GsMTx4 TFA also blocks cation-selective stretch-activated channels (SACs) , attenuates lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC)-induced astrocyte toxicity and microglial reactivity. GsMTx4 TFA is an important pharmacological tool for identifying the role of these excitatory MSCs in normal physiology and pathology .
LDV-FITC TFA, a fluorescent peptide, is a FITC-conjugated LDV peptide (HY-P2267). LDV-FITC TFA binds to the α4β1 integrin with high affinity (Kd: 0.3 nM and 12 nM for binding to U937 cells in the presence and absence of Mn 2+ respectively). LDV-FITC TFA can be used to detect α4β1 integrin affinity .
(Pro3) GIP, human TFA is an efficacious, stable and specific human GIP receptor (hGIPR) full agonist. (Pro3) GIP, human TFA has high binding affinity for human GIPR with Ki/ Kd value of 0.90 nM. (Pro3) GIP, human TFA human can be used for the research of obesity-related diabetes .
Gliadin p31-43 TFA is an undigested gliadin peptide. Gliadin p31-43 TFA induces an innate immune response in the intestine and interferes with endocytic trafficking. Gliadin p31-43 TFA can be used for celiac disease research .
UFP-803 TFA is a potent urotensin-II receptor (UT) ligand. UFP-803 TFA has lower residual agonist activity, so it may be an important tool for the investigations on the role played by the UT system in physiology and pathology .
Pep2m, myristoylated TFA (Myr-Pep2m TFA) is a cell-permeable peptide. Pep2m, myristoylated TFA can disrupt the protein kinase ζ (PKMζ) downstream targets, N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive factor/glutamate receptor subunit 2 (NSF/GluR2) interactions. PKMζ is an autonomously active isozyme of protein kinase C (PKC) .
RAGE antagonist peptide TFA is an advanced glycation end products (RAGE) antagonist. RAGE antagonist peptide TFA prevents RAGE from binding with several of its most important ligands, including HMGB-1, S100P, and S100A4. RAGE antagonist peptide TFA possesses anti-tumor and anti-inflammatory activities .
Endothelin-2 (49-69), human (TFA) (Endothelin-2 (49-69) (human, canine) (TFA)) is a 21-amino acid vasoactive peptide that binds to G-protein-linked transmembrane receptors, ET-RA and ET-RB.
M1145 TFA, a chimeric peptide, is a selective galanin receptor type 2 (GAL2) agonist, with a Ki of 6.55 nM. M1145 TFA shows more than 90-fold higher affinity for GAL2 over GAL1 (Ki=587 nM) and a 76-fold higher affinity over GalR3 (Ki=497 nM). M1145 TFA has an additive effect on the signal transduction of galanin .
WL47 TFA, a high-affinity cavolin-1 (CAV1) ligand (Kd=23 nM), is a potent disrupter of CAV1 oligomers. WL47 TFA shows selectivity for CAV1 over BSA, casein and HEWL. WL47 TFA is 80% smaller in length than the original T20 (HY-P0052) parent sequence and can be used for the study of caveolin-1 function .
NTR 368 TFA is a peptide derived from p75 neurotrophin receptor (p75NTR) corresponding to residues 368-381 of the human receptor. NTR 368 TFA has helix forming propensity in the presence of micellar lipid. NTR 368 TFA is a potent inducer of neural apoptosis .
ELA-32(human) TFA is a potent, high affinity apelin receptor agonist (IC50=0.27 nM; Kd=0.51 nM). ELA-32(human) TFA exhibits no binding GPR15 and GPR25. ELA-32(human) TFA activates the PI3K/AKT pathway and promotes self-renewal of hESCs via cell-cycle progression and protein translation. ELA-32(human) TFA also potentiates the TGFβ pathway, priming hESCs toward the endoderm lineage. ELA-32(human) TFA stimulates angiogenesis in HUVEC cells.
Peptide5 TFA, a connexin 43 mimetic peptide, reduces animals swelling, astrogliosis, and neuronal cell death after spinal cord injury. Peptide5 TFA also inhibits NLRP3 inflammasome, and is an anti-inflammatory agent .
β-Amyloid (12-28) (TFA) (Amyloid β-Protein (12-28) (TFA)) is a peptide fragment of β-amyloid protein (β1-42). β1-42, a 42 amino acid protein , is the major component of senile plaque cores. β-Amyloid (12-28) (TFA) shows aggregation properties. β-Amyloid (12-28) (TFA) has the potential for Alzheimer’s disease research .
GPLGIAGQ TFA, a MMP2-cleavable polypeptide, is used as a stimulus-sensitive linker in both liposomal and micellar nanocarriers for MMP2-triggered tumor targeting. GPLGIAGQ TFA can be used to synthesis unique MMP2-targeted photosensitizer in photodynamic therapy (PDT) .
Difopein (TFA), a specific and competitive inhibitor of 14-3-3 protein (a highly conserved eukaryotic regulatory molecule), blocking the ability of 14-3-3 to bind to target proteins and inhibits 14-3-3/Ligand interactions. Difopein (TFA) leads to induction of apoptosis and enhances the ability of cisplatin to kill cells .
GIP, human TFA, a peptide hormone consisting of 42 amino acids, is a stimulator of glucose-dependent insulin secretion and a weak inhibitor of gastric acid secretion. GIP, human TFA acts as an incretin hormone released from intestinal K cells in response to nutrient ingestion .
Ac-WEHD-AFC TFA is a fluorogenic caspase-1 substrate. Ac-WEHD-AFC TFA can measure caspase-1 fluorogenic activity and can be used for the research of tumor and inflammation .
Maculatin 1.1 TFA is an antimicrobial peptide with an MIC against Staphylococcus aureus of 7 μM. Maculatin 1.1 TFA can perforate the bacterial membrane of Staphylococcus aureus, causing bacterial death .
aStAx-35R TFA, a stapled peptide, antagonizes nuclear form of β-catenin and inhibits Wnt signaling. aStAx-35R TFA inhibits competitively the binding of β-catenin to TCF4. aStAx-35R TFA selectively induces growth inhibition of Wnt-dependent cancer cells .
Kisspeptin 234 TFA, is a 10 amino acid peptide as well as a kisspeptin receptor (KISS1, GPR54) antagonist. Kisspeptin 234 TFA is an analog of Kisspeptin 10 .
CALP3 TFA, a Ca 2+-like peptide, is a potent Ca 2+ channel blocker that activates EF hand motifs of Ca 2+-binding proteins. CALP3 TFA can functionally mimic increased [Ca 2+]i by modulating the activity of Calmodulin (CaM), Ca 2+ channels and pumps. CALP3 TFA has the potential in controlling apoptosis in diseases such as AIDS or neuronal loss due to ischemia .
N188 TFA is a radioligand based on a bicyclic peptide backbone that targets nectin-4, a protein overexpressed in many tumors. N188 TFA can be efficiently radiolabeled to 68Ga-N188, a radioisotope suitable for positron emission tomography (PET) imaging. The development of N188 TFA and its radiolabeled form 68Ga-N188 can be used for the diagnosis and treatment of tumors such as urothelial carcinoma .
Huwentoxin XVI TFA, an analgesic, is a highly reversible and selective mammalian N-type calcium channel (IC50 of ~60 nM) antagonist from Chinese tarantula Ornithoctonus huwena. Huwentoxin XVI TFA has no effect on voltagegated T-type calcium channels, potassium channels or sodium channels .
PL-017 TFA is a potent and selective μ opioid receptor agonist with an IC50 of 5.5 nM for 125I-FK 33,824 binding to μ site. PL-017 TFA produces long-lasting, reversible analgesia in rats .
C3a (70-77) TFA (Complement 3a (70-77) TFA) is an octapeptide corresponding to the COOH terminus of C3a, exhibits the specificity and 1 to 2% biologic activities of C3a .
Epinecidin-1 (Piscidin-1 (22-42)) TFA is a highly potent, multi-functional Antimicrobial Peptide (AMP) produced by Orange-spotted grouper (Epinephelus coioides). Epinecidin-1 TFA has many functional usages including antibacterial, antifungal, antiviral, antiprotozoal, anticancer, immunomodulatory, and wound healing properties .
Kisspeptin-10 (mouse, rat) TFA is a potent vasoconstrictor and inhibitor of angiogenesis. Kisspeptin-10 (mouse, rat) TFA is a ligand for the rodent kisspeptin receptor (KISS1, GPR54). Kisspeptin-10 (mouse, rat) TFA reduces Methotrexate-induced reproductive toxicity as a potential antioxidant compound .
β-CGRP, human TFA (Human β-CGRP TFA) is one of calcitonin peptides, acts via the complex of calcitonin-receptor-like receptor (CRLR) and receptor-activity-modifying protein (RAMP), with IC50s of 1 nM and 300 nM for CRLR/RAMP1 and CRLR/RAMP2 in cells .
NoxA1ds TFA is a potent and selective NADPH oxidase 1 (NOX1) inhibitor (IC50=20 nM). NoxA1ds TFA exhibits selectivity for NOX1 over NOX2, NOX4, NOX5 and xanthine oxidase. NoxA1ds TFA inhibits NOX1-derived O2- production in HT-29 human colon cancer cells. NoxA1ds TFA attenuates VEGF-induced human pulmonary artery endothelial cell migration under hypoxic conditions in vitro.
Guanylin(human) TFA, a 15-amino acid peptide, is an endogenous intestinal guanylate cyclase activator. Guanylin(human) TFA is mainly found in gastrointestinal tract which regulates electrolytead water transport in intestinal and renal epithelia through cyclic GMP-dependent mechanism .
Endotoxin inhibitor TFA is a synthetic peptide that binds lipid A with high affinity, thereby detoxifying LPS (HY-D1056) and preventing LPS-induced cytokine release in vivo. Endotoxin inhibitor TFA inhibits the febrile response to LPS with very low toxicity and lethality .
KS-133 TFA is a selective and potent antagonist of vasoactive intestinal peptide receptor 2 (VIPR2), with the IC50 values of 24.8 nM and 500 nM in Ca influx assay and cAMP assay. KS-133 TFA plays an important role in schizophrenia research .
CART(55-102)(rat) TFA is a rat satiety factor with potent appetite-suppressing activity. CART(55-102)(rat) TFA is closely associated with leptin and neuropeptide Y. CART(55-102)(rat) TFA can induces anxiety and stress-related behavior .
Biotin-β-Amyloid (1-42), human TFA (Biotin-Amyloid β-Peptide (1-42) (human) TFA) is the botin labeled β-Amyloid (1-42), human TFA (HY-P1363). β-Amyloid (1-42), human TFA is a 42-amino acid peptide which plays a key role in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer disease .
Ecallantide (DX-88) TFA is a specific recombinant plasma kallikrein inhibitor. Ecallantide inhibits the production of bradykinin. Ecallantide may be used to prevent acute attacks of angioedema .
Cyclo(-RGDfK) TFA is a potent and selective inhibitor of the αvβ3 integrin, with an IC50 of 0.94 nM . Cyclo(-RGDfK) TFA potently targets tumor microvasculature and cancer cells through the specific binding to the αvβ3 integrin on the cell surface .
DynaMin inhibitory peptide, myristoylated TFA is a DynaMin inhibitor to interfere with the binding of amphiphysin with dynamin. DynaMin inhibitory peptide, myristoylated TFA is a membrane-permeant form of the peptide that prevents endocytosis .
Arg-Gly-Asp-Cys TFA is the binding motif of fibronectin to cell adhesion molecules. Arg-Gly-Asp-Cys TFA can inhibit platelet aggregation and fibrinogen binding .
TAT-NEP1-40 TFA is a BBB-penatrable peptide. TAT-NEP1-40 TFA protects PC12 cells against oxygen and glucose deprivation (OGD), and promotes neurite outgrowth. TAT-NEP1-40 TFA also improves ischemia-induced neurologic outcomes by inhibiting cell apoptosis in ischemic brains. TAT-NEP1-40 TFA can be used for research of CNS injuries, such as axonal regeneration and functional recovery after stroke .
6-FAM-AEEAc-Stichodactyla helianthus Neurotoxin (ShK) TFA (6-FAM-AEEAC-SHK TFA) is a peptide neurotoxin conjugated with a fluorescent marker. 6-FAM-AEEAc-Stichodactyla helianthus Neurotoxin (ShK) TFA can block voltage-gated potassium channels (kv1.1 and kv1.2) to prolong the duration of action potentials, thereby affecting the conduction of neural signals. 6-FAM-AEEAc-Stichodactyla helianthus Neurotoxin (ShK) TFA can be used in neuroscience research .
Foxy-5 TFA, a WNT5A agonist, is a mimicking peptide of WNT5A which is a non-canonical member of the Wnt family. Foxy-5 TFA triggers cytosolic free calcium signaling without affecting β-catenin activation and it impairs the migration and invasion of epithelial cancer cells. Foxy-5 TFA effectively reduces the metastatic spread of WNT5A-low prostate cancer cells in an orthotopic mouse model .
Huwentoxin-IV TFA is a potent and selective sodium channel blocker, inhibits neuronal Nav1.7, Nav1.2, Nav1.3 and Nav1.4 with IC50s of 26, 150, 338 and 400 nM, respectively. Huwentoxin-IV TFA preferentially blocks peripheral nerve subtype Nav1.7 by binding neurotoxin receptor site 4. Huwentoxin-IV TFA has analgesic effects on animal models of inflammatory and neuropathic pain .
PSMα3 TFA is a peptide for manipulating DCs to become tolerogenic for DC vaccination strategies. PSMα3 TFA penetrates and modulates human monocyte-derived DCs by altering the TLR2- or TLR4-induced maturation, inhibiting pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokine production and reducing antigen uptake. PSMα3 TFA is an important toxin released by the most virulent strains of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) .
LPYFD-NH2 TFA, a pentapeptide, exerts some inhibitory effect on the aggregation of Aβ(1-42). LPYFD-NH2 TFA can be used for the research of Alzheimer’s disease .
[Orn5]-URP TFA is a potent and selective pure antagonist of Urotensin-II receptor (UT), with an pEC50 of 7.24. [Orn5]-URP TFA displays no agonist activity .
EGFRvIII peptide (PEPvIII) TFA is a tumor-specific mutation that is widely expressed in glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) and other neoplasms and its expression enhances tumorigenicity. EGFRvIII peptide TFA represents a truly tumor-specific target for antitumor immunotherapy .
CRF(6-33)(human) TFA is a CRF binding protein (CRF-BP) ligand inhibitor. CRF(6-33)(human) TFA competitively binds the CRF-BP but not the post-synaptic CRF receptors. CRF(6-33)(human) TFA has anti-obesity effect .
α-MSH (α-Melanocyte-Stimulating Hormone) TFA, an endogenous neuropeptide, is an endogenous melanocortin receptor 4 (MC4R) agonist with anti-inflammatory and antipyretic activities. α-MSH TFA is a post-translational derivative of pro-opiomelanocortin (POMC) .
Calcineurin autoinhibitory peptide TFA is a selective inhibitor of Ca 2+/calmodulin-dependent protein phosphatase (calcineurin), with an IC50 of ~10 μM. Calcineurin autoinhibitory peptide TFA could protect neurons from excitatory neuronal death .
GRK2i TFA is a GRK2 inhibitory polypeptide that specifically inhibits Gβγ activation of GRK2. GRK2i TFA corresponds to the Gβγ-binding domain and acts as a cellular Gβγ antagonist .
NODAGA-LM3 TFA can be labeled by 68Ga for PET imaging. 68Ga-NODAGA-LM3 TFA is a SSTR2 antagonist, and can be used for imaging of SSTR positive paragangliomas .
Ac-VDVAD-AFC TFA is a caspase-specific fluorescent substrate. Ac-VDVAD-AFC TFA can measure caspase-3-like activity and caspase-2 activity and can be used for the research of tumor and cancer .
Orexin A (human, rat, mouse) (Hypocretin-1 (human, rat, mouse)) TFA, a 33 amino acid excitatory neuropeptide, orchestrates diverse central and peripheral processes. Orexin A (human, rat, mouse) TFA binds and activates two types of G protein-coupled receptors, the orexin-1 receptor (OX1R) and the orexin-2 receptor (OX2R). Orexin A (human, rat, mouse) TFA has a role in the regulation of feeding behavior. Orexin A (human, rat, mouse) TFA is an effective anti-nociceptive and anti-hyperalgesic agent in mice and rats .
F1324 TFA is a potent, high affinity peptidic inhibitor of B cell lymphoma 6 (BCL6), with an IC50 of 1 nM. F1324 TFA exhibits binding t1/2 value of 441 s and has strong inhibition activity against BCL6 PPI .
Elabela(19-32) TFA is an active fragment of ELABELA (ELA) that binds to apelin receptor (APJ). Elabela(19-32) TFA activates the Gαi1 and β-arrestin-2 signaling pathways with EC50s of 8.6 nM and 166 nM. Elabela(19-32) TFA induces receptor internalization and reduces arterial pressure, exerts positive inotropic effects on the heart .
Vasonatrin Peptide (VNP) TFA is a chimera of atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) and C-type natriuretic peptide (CNP). Vasonatrin peptide TFA possesses the venodilating actions of CNP, the natriuretic actions of ANP, and unique arterial vasodilating actions not associated with either ANP or CNP. Vasonatrin Peptide TFA protects the diabetic heart against ischemia-reperfusion injury by inhibiting ER stress via the cGMP-PKG signaling pathway .
PGlu-3-methyl-His-Pro-NH2 TFA (A-42872 TFA), the modified thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) peptide, enhances binding to pituitary TRH receptors and increases stimulation of thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) release from the pituitary. The in vitro permeability of PGlu-3-methyl-His-Pro-NH2 TFA through rat skin is increased in the presence of enhancers Ethanol and Cineole .
Cyclo(Arg-Gly-Asp-D-Phe-Cys) (Cyclo RGDfC) TFA, a cyclic RGD peptide which has high affinity to αvβ3, can disrupt cell integrin interactions. Cyclo(Arg-Gly-Asp-D-Phe-Cys) TFA inhibits pluripotent marker expression in embryonic stem cells (ESCs) and the tumorigenic potential of mESCs in vivo. Cyclo(Arg-Gly-Asp-D-Phe-Cys) TFA can be used in the research of tumors .
Z-Gly-Gly-Arg-AMC TFA is the TFA salt form of Z-Gly-Gly-Arg-AMC (HY-P0019). Z-Gly-Gly-Arg-AMC TFA is a thrombin-specific fluorogenic substrate for testing of thrombin generation in PRP and platelet-poor plasma (PPP) .
[Nle8] Somatostatin (1-28) TFA is a derivative of somatosttin (1-28) with norleucine replacing methionine in position 8. [Nle8] Somatostatin (1-28) TFA increases the amylase release.[Nle8] Somatostatin (1-28) TFA increases the cyclic AMP in pancreatic acini .
Acetyl Gastric Inhibitory Peptide (human) TFA is a fatty acid derivatized analog of glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide with improved antihyperglycaemic and insulinotropic properties. Acetyl Gastric Inhibitory Peptide (human) TFA can be used for research of diabetes, insulin resistance and obesity .
PKA Inhibitor Fragment (6-22) amide TFA is an inhibitor of cAMP-dependent protein kinase A (PKA), with a Ki of 2.8 nM. PKA Inhibitor Fragment (6-22) amide TFA can significantly reverse antinociceptive tolerance in mice .
Spinorphin TFA is an inhibitor of enkephalin-degrading enzymes. Spinorphin inhibits aminopeptidase, dipeptidyl aminopeptidase III, angiotensin-converting enzyme and enkephalinase. Spinorphin possesses an antinociceptive effect .
Cyclic MKEY TFA is a synthetic cyclic peptide inhibitor of CXCL4-CCL5 heterodimer formation, which protects against atherosclerosis and aortic aneurysm formation by mediating inflammation. Cyclic MKEY TFA also protects against stroke-induced brain injury in mice .
K41498 TFA is a potent and highly selective CRF2 receptor antagonist with Ki values of 0.66 nM, 0.62 nM and 425 nM for human CRF2α, CRF2β and CRF1 receptors respectively. K41498 TFA is an analogues of antisauvagine-30 (aSvg-30), inhibits sauvagine-stimulated cAMP accumulation in hCRF2α- and hCRF2β-expressing cells. K41498 TFA can be used for hypotension study .
LVGRQLEEFL (mouse) TFA can be named as G * peptide, corresponding to amino acids 113 to 122 in apolipoprotein J ([113,122] apoJ)}. LVGRQLEEFL (mouse) TFA exhibits anti-inflammatory and anti-atherogenic properties. LVGRQLEEFL (mouse) TFA can be added to an apoJ mimetic, to form HM-10/10 peptide, which is a mimetic peptide and a novel chimeric high density lipoprotein. HM-10/10 peptide protects retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) and photoreceptors from oxidant induced cell death .
Histatin-3 TFA, a 32 amino acid peptide, possesses powerful antimicrobial properties. Histatin-3 TFA behaves as a substrate for proprotein convertase 1 (PC1), being cleaved by this endoprotease primarily at a site carboxy terminal to the single Arg25 residue (HRGYR decrease SN). Histatin-3 TFA is a moderately potent, reversible and competitive inhibitor of the furin-mediated cleavage of the pentapeptide pGlu-Arg-Thr-Lys-Arg-MCA fluorogenic substrate, with an estimated inhibition constant Ki of 1.98 μM .
RO27-3225 TFA is potent and selective melanocortin 4 receptor (MC4R) agonist with an EC50 of 1 nM and 8 nM for MC4R and MC1R, respectively. RO27-3225 TFA shows ~30-fold selectivity for MC4R over MC3R. RO27-3225 TFA has neuroprotective and anti-inflammatory effects .
SWELYYPLRANL-NH2 TFA is an E-cadherin and N-cadherin antagonist. SWELYYPLRANL-NH2 TFA inhibits phage clone binding to E- or N-cad/Fc chimeric protein (IC50: 0.7 and 0.09 μM respectively). SWELYYPLRANL-NH2 TFA inhibits cell aggregation. SWELYYPLRANL-NH2 can be used to promote drug delivery through epithelial and endothelial permeability barriers .
Melanin Concentrating Hormone, salmon TFA (MCH (salmon) TFA) is a 19-amino-acid neuropeptide initially identified in the pituitary gland of teleost fish, which regulates food intake, energy balance, sleep state, and the cardiovascular system. Melanin-concentrating hormone is a ligand for an orphan G protein-coupled receptor (SLC-1/GPR24) and MCHR2.
Chlorotoxin TFA is a peptide isolated from the venom of the scorpion Leiurus quinquestriatus, acts as a chloride channel blocker . Anti-cancer activity .
Z-LEHD-FMK TFA is a selective and irreversible inhibitor of caspase-9, protects against lethal reperfusion injury and attenuates apoptosis. Z-LEHD-FMK TFA exhibits the neuroprotective effect in a rat model of spinal cord trauma .
Gp100 (25-33), human TFA (Hgp100 (25-33) TFA) is the amino acids 25-33 fragment of the human melanoma antigen. It is a 9-amino acid (AA) epitope restricted by H-2D b and recognized by the T cells .
Substance P(1-7) TFA is a fragment of the neuropeptide, substance P (SP). Substance P(1-7) TFA gives depressor and bradycardic effects when applied to the nucleus tractus solitarius .
Lyn peptide inhibitor TFA is a potent and cell-permeable inhibitor of Lyn-coupled IL-5 receptor signaling pathway, while keeping other signals intact. Lyn peptide inhibitor TFA blocks Lyn activation and inhibits the binding of Lyn tyrosine kinase to βc subunit of IL-3/GM-CSF/IL-5 receptors. Lyn peptide inhibitor TFA can be used for study of asthma, allergic, and other eosinophilic disorders .
Cortistatin-14 (TFA), a neuropeptide have structural similarity to somatostatin-14, binds and exerts its function via the somatostatin receptors (sst1-sst5). Cortistatin-14 (TFA) shows anticonvulsive, neuroprotective effect and remarkable anti-inflammatory properties .
HS014 TFA is a potent and selective melanocortin-4 (MC4) receptor antagonist, with Kis of 3.16, 108, 54.4 and 694 nM for human MC4, MC1, MC3 and MC5 receptors respectively. HS014 TFA increases food intake in free-feeding rats .
Xenin-8 TFA, a C-terminal octapeptide, is a biologically active fragment of Xenin. Xenin is a 25-amino acid peptide of the neurotensin/xenopsin family. Xenin-8 TFA stimulates basal insulin secretion and potentiates the insulin response to glucose in a dose-dependent manner (EC50=0.16 nM) .
DPC-AJ1951 TFA, a 14 amino acid peptide that acts as a potent agonist of the parathyroid hormone (PTH)/PTH-related peptide receptor (PPR). And characterized the activity of DPC-AJ1951 TFA in ex vivo and in vivo assays of bone resorption .
VKGILS-NH2 TFA is a reversed amino acid sequence control peptide for SLIGKV-NH2 (protease-activated receptor 2 (PAR2) agonist). VKGILS-NH2 TFA has no effect on DNA synthesis in cells .
Ac2-12 TFA, an annexin/lipocortin 1 (LC1)-mimetic peptide, inhibit neutrophil extravasation. Ac2-12 TFA has antimigratory action and inhibits recruitment of neutrophils in experimental inflammation models .
Vasopressin Dimer (parallel) TFA is a parallel dimer of Vasopressin (HY-B1811). Vasopressin Dimer (parallel) TFA can activate four G protein-coupled receptors, V1aR, V1bR, V2R, and OTR .
Myelin Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein Peptide (35-55), mouse, rat (MOG (35-55)) TFA is a minor component of CNS myelin. Myelin Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein Peptide (35-55), mouse, rat TFA has encephalitogenic activity and induces T cell proliferative. Myelin Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein Peptide (35-55), mouse, rat TFA induces Th1 cytokine response as well as relatively high levels of IgG antibodies. Myelin Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein Peptide (35-55), mouse, rat TFA produces a relapsing-remitting neurological disease with extensive plaque-like demyelination .
Tat-peptide 190-208 TFA is a cell-permeable and Tat-labeled fusion peptide, corresponding to residues 190-208 of rat G3BP1. Tat sequence from HIV, is placed at the least conserved end of the sequence, for cell permeability. Tat-peptide 190-208 TFA increases axon growth and increases the number of neurites per neuron. Tat-peptide 190-208 TFA likely exhibits an axon intrinsic mechanism. Tat-peptide 190-208 TFA can be used for ischemic protection during endovascular repair for intracranial aneurysms .
Apelin-36(human) TFA is an endogenous orphan G protein-coupled receptor APJ agonist, with an EC50 of 20 nM. Apelin-36(human) TFA shows high affinity to human APJ receptors expressed in HEK 293 cells (pIC550=8.61). Apelin-36(human) TFA has been linked to two major types of biological activities: cardiovascular and metabolic. Apelin-36(human) TFA inhibits the entry of some HIV-1 and HIV-2 into the NP2/CD4 cells expressing APJ .
α-CGRP (mouse, rat) TFA, a neuropeptide (calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP)) mainly expressed in neuromuscular junction, is a potent vasodilator. α-CGRP (mouse, rat) TFA can lead to a fall in blood pressure and an increase in heart rate by peripheral administration, also relax colonie smooth muscle. α-CGRP (mouse, rat) TFA has the potential in cardiovascular, pro-inflammatory, migraine and metabolic studies .
TLQP-21 TFA, a VGF-derived peptide endowed of endocrine and extraendocrine properties, is a potent G-protein-coupled receptor complement-3a receptor1 (C3aR1) agonist (EC50: mouse TLQP-21=10.3 μM; human TLQP-21=68.8μM). TLQP-21 TFA activates C3aR1 to induce an increase of intracellular Ca 2+. TLQP-21 TFA is used for the research in regulation of nociception and other relevant physiologic functions .
TAK-683 TFA is a potent full KISS1 receptor (KISS1R) agonist (IC50=170 pM) with improved metabolic stability. TAK-683 TFA is a nonapeptide metastin analog, exhibits agonistic activities to KISS1R with EC50 values of 0.96 nM and 1.6 nM for human and rat, respectively . TAK-683 TFA depletes GnRH in the hypothalamus and reduces plasma FSH, LH, and testosterone levels in vivo, it has the potential for the study of hormone-dependent prostate cancer .
Dynorphin A (1-10) (TFA), an endogenous opioid neuropeptide, binds to extracellular loop 2 of the κ-opioid receptor. Dynorphin A (1-10) (TFA) also blocks NMDA-activated current with an IC50 of 42.0 μM.
CART(55-102)(human) TFA is a human satiety factor with potent appetite-suppressing activity. CART(55-102)(human) TFA is closely associated with leptin and neuropeptide Y .
Caloxin 2A1 TFA is an extracellular plasma membrane Ca 2+-ATPase (PMCA) peptide inhibitor. Caloxin 2A1 TFA does not affect basal Mg 2+-ATPase or Na +-K +-ATPase .
Fibrinogen-Binding Peptide TFA (designed by anticomplementarity hypothesis) is a presumptive peptide mimic of the vitronectin binding site on the fibrinogen receptor. Fibrinogen-Binding Peptide TFA binds fibrinogen and inhibits both the adhesion of platelets to fibrinogen and platelet aggregation, and also inhibits the adhesion of platelets to vitronectin .
DTP3 TFA is a potent and selective GADD45β/MKK7 (growth arrest and DNA-damage-inducible β/mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 7) inhibitor. DTP3 TFA targets an essential, cancer-selective cell-survival module downstream of the NF-κB pathway .
TAT-14 TFA is a 14-mer peptide that acts as Nrf2 activator with an anti-inflammatory effect. TAT-14 TFA has no effect on Nrf2 mRNA expression, but increases Nrf2 protein level due to targeting the Nrf2 binding site on Keap1 .
CysHHC10 TFA is a synthetic antimicrobial peptide (AMP), and exhibits strong anti-microbial properties against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. The MIC values of CysHHC10 TFA against E. coli, P. aeruginosa, S. aureus and S. epidermidis are 10.1 mM, 20.2 mM, 2.5 mM and 1.3 mM, respectively .
HsTX1 (TFA) toxin, from the scorpion Heterometrus spinnifer, is a 34-residue, C-terminally amidated peptide cross-linked by four disulfide bridges. HsTX1 (TFA) is an the inhibitor of potassium channel, with IC50 for Kv1.3 of 12 pM and inhibits TEM cell activation and attenuates inflammation in autoimmunity .
D-Ala-Lys-AMCA TFA is a known proton-coupled oligopeptide transporter 1 (PEPT1) substrate that emits blue fluorescence. D-Ala-Lys-AMCA TFA may be transported into liver cancer cells and Caco-2 cells based on fluorescence analysis. D-Ala-Lys-AMCA TFA can be used for characterizing PEPT1-specific substrates or inhibitors .
Dermaseptin TFA, a peptide isolated from frog skin, exhibits potent antimicrobial activity against bacteria, fungi, and protozoa at micromolar concentration .
PKI(5-24) TFA is a potent, competitive, and synthetic peptide inhibitor of PKA (cAMP-dependent protein kinase), with a Ki of 2.3 nM. PKI(5-24) TFA corresponds to residues 5-24 in the naturally occurring heat-stable protein kinase inhibitor .
2B-(SP) TFA is a eIF2B-based substrate for glycogen synthase kinase-3 (GSK-3). 2B-(SP) TFA is readily phosphorylated by both the α and β isoforms of GSK-3 .
pTH (44-68) (human) TFA is a fragment of human parathyroid hormone (pTH) that lacks the adenylate cyclase-stimulating activity of intact pTH. pTH (44-68) (human) TFA can be used to study the mechanism of action of pTH .
Antennapedia Peptide (Penetratin peptide) TFA is a 16 amino acid peptide, originally derived from the 60 amino acid long homeodomain of the Drosophila transcription factor Antennapedia and is a member of the family of cell-penetrating peptides.
Dansyl-Glu-Gly-Arg-Chloromethylketone TFA is a protease inhibitor, and inhibits serine/threonine proteases. Dansyl-Glu-Gly-Arg-Chloromethylketone TFA inhibits activated porcine factor IX .
RVG TFA is a peptide derived from Rabies Virus Glycoprotein that binds to the α-7 subunit of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (AchR) of neuronal cells. RVG enhances delivery of Mycobacterium tuberculosis antigens to antigen-presenting cells .
ω-Agatoxin IVA TFA is a potent, selective P/Q type Ca 2+ (Cav2.1) channel blocker with IC50s of 2 nM and 90 nM for P-type and Q-type Ca 2+ channels, respectively. ω-Agatoxin IVA TFA (IC50, 30-225 nM) inhibits glutamate exocytosis and calcium influx elicited by high potassium. ω-Agatoxin IVA TFA also blocks the high potassium-induced release of serotonin and norepinephrine. ω-Agatoxin IVA TFA has no effect on L-type or N-type calcium channels .
PACAP (1-27), human, ovine, rat TFA (PACAP 1-27 TFA) is the N-terminal fragment of PACAP-38, and is a potent PACAP receptor antagonist with IC50s of 3 nM, 2 nM and 5 nM for rat PAC1, rat VPAC1 and human VPAC2, respectively .
PINT-87aa TFA, an 87-amino acid (aa) peptide, is encoded by the circular form of the long intergenic non-protein-coding RNA p53-induced transcript (LINC-PINT). PINT-87aa TFA directly interacts with polymerase associated factor complex (PAF1c) and inhibits the transcriptional elongation of multiple oncogenes. PINT-87aa TFA suppresses glioblastoma cell proliferation in vitro and in vivo .
tcY-NH2 ((trans-Cinnamoyl)-YPGKF-NH2) TFA is a potent selective PAR4 antagonist peptide. tcY-NH2 TFA inhibits thrombin- and AY-NH2-induced platelet aggregation and endostatin release, and can be used in the research of inflammation, immunology .
LL-37, human TFA is a 37-residue, amphipathic, cathelicidin-derived antimicrobial peptide, which exhibits a broad spectrum of antimicrobial activity. LL-37, human TFA could help protect the cornea from infection and modulates wound healing .
β-Endorphin, equine TFA is an endogenous opioid peptide, which binds at high affinity to both μ/δ opioid receptors. β-Endorphin, equine TFA has analgesic properties .
IRBP (1-20), human TFA contains a major epitope for the H-2 b haplotype. IRBP (1-20), human TFA induces experimental autoimmune uveoretinitis (EAU) in H-2 b mice .
AADvac 1 TFA is an active tau peptide vaccine for Alzheimer's disease research. AADvac 1 TFA is composed of a regulatory peptide 294KDNIKHVPGGGS 305 that drives tau oligomerization conjugated to Aplysia hemocyanin (KLH) and formulated with aluminum hydroxide .
PKI 14-22 amide,myristoylated TFA is a potent cAMP-dependent PKA inhibitor. PKI 14-22 amide,myristoylated TFA reduces the IgG-mediated phagocytic response and also inhibits neutrophil adhesion .
Pam2CSK4 (TFA), a lipopeptide, is a TLR6-independent TLR2 ligand and agonist. Pam2CSK4 (TFA) promotes platelet aggregation, and increases platelet adhesion to collagen-coated surfaces in a TLR2/NF-κB/BTK-dependent manner. Pam2CSK4 (TFA) also activates iNOS expression and NO production in mouse macrophages .
Suc-Ala-Glu-Pro-Phe-pNA (Suc-AEPF-pNA ) TFA is a chromogenic substrate for the peptidylprolyl isomerase Pin1. Suc-Ala-Glu-Pro-Phe-pNA TFA can be used to evaluate the inhibitory effect of the target compound on Pin1, and catalytic activity of Pin1, etc .
JKC363 TFA, a selective melanocortin MC4 receptor antagonist, has a 90-fold higher affinity at the MC4 receptor (IC50=0.5 nM) than at the MC3 receptor (44.9 nM). JKC363 TFA blocks the stimulatory effect of α-MSH on TRH release. Anti-hyperalgesic effect .
WRW4 TFA, a specific formyl peptide receptor-like 1 (FPRL1) antagonist, inhibits WKYMVm binding to FPRL1 with an IC50 of 0.23 μM. WRW4 TFA specifically inhibits the increase in intracellular calcium by the FPRL1 agonists MMK-1, amyloid beta42 (Abeta42) peptide, and F peptide .
UNC4976 TFA is a positive allosteric modulator (PAM) peptidomimetic of CBX7 chromodomain binding to nucleic acids. UNC4976 TFA simultaneously antagonizes H3K27me3-specific recruitment of CBX7 to target genes while increasing non-specific binding to DNA and RNA .
PF-06655075 (TFA) is the TFA form of PF-06655075 (HY-153963). PF-06655075 is a novel andnon–brain-penetrant oxytocin receptor agonist with increased selectivity for the oxytocin receptor and significantly increased pharmacokinetic stability. PF-06655075 can be used as a tool compound to further explore the role of peripheral oxytocin in behavioral response .
Tyroserleutide TFA, isolated from the degradation products of porcine spleen , is a small molecular tripeptide which inhibits tumor growth both in vitro and in vivo .
GALA (TFA) is a biological active peptide (GALA, a pH-sensitive fusogenic peptide, is a promising method to accelerate this step in order to enhance the expression of the desired proteins.) .
Z-VRPR-FMK (TFA) (VRPR), a tetrapeptide, is a selective and irreversible MALT1 (Mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma translocation protein 1) inhibitor. Z-VRPR-FMK (TFA) can protect against influenza A virus (IAV) infection .
Tat-NR2B9c TFA (Tat-NR2Bct TFA) is a postsynaptic density-95 (PSD-95) inhibitor, with EC50 values of 6.7 nM and 670 nM for PSD-95d2 (PSD-95 PDZ domain 2) and PSD-95d1, respectively. Tat-NR2B9c TFA disrupts the PSD-95/NMDAR interaction, inhibiting NR2A and NR2B binding to PSD-95 with IC50 values of 0.5 μM and 8 μM, respectively. Tat-NR2B9c TFA also inhibits neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS)/PSD-95 interaction, and possesses neuroprotective efficacy .
iRGD peptide 1 TFA is the prototypic tumor-specific tissue-penetrating peptide, which delivers agents deep into extravascular tumor tissue. iRGD peptide 1 TFA has anti-metastatic activity .
Mambalgin 1 TFA is a selective ASIC1a inhibitor (IC50 values are 192 and 72 nM for human ASIC1a and ASIC1a/1b dimer, respectively). Mambalgin 1 TFA binds to closed/inactive channel. Mambalgin 1 TFA is selective for ASIC1a over ASIC2a, ASIC3, TRPV1, P2X2, 5-HT3, Nav1.8, Cav3.2 and Kv1.2 channels. Mambalgin 1 TFA increases latency of withdrawal response in mouse tail-flick and paw-flick tests.
Phrixotoxin 3-NH2 TFA is a derivative of Phrixotoxin 3 TFA (HY-P1218A). Phrixotoxin 3 TFA is a potent blocker of voltage-gated sodium channels, with IC50s of 0.6, 42, 72, 288, 610 nM for NaV1.2, NaV1.3, NaV1.4, NaV1.1 and NaV1.5, respectively. Phrixotoxin 3 TFA modulates voltage-gated sodium channels with properties similar to those of typical gating-modifier toxins, both by causing a depolarizing shift in gating kinetics and by blocking the inward component of the sodium current .
Orphanin FQ(1-11) TFA, a orphanin FQ or nociceptin (OFQ/N) fragment, is a potent NOP receptor (ORL-1; OP4) agonist, with a Ki of 55 nM. Orphanin FQ(1-11) TFA has no affinity for μ, δ, κ1 and κ3 receptors (Ki>1000 nM). Orphanin FQ(1-11) TFA is analgesic in CD-1 mice .
PACAP (1-38) free acid TFA is an endogenous neuropeptide. PACAP (1-38) free acid TFA potently stimulates antral motility and somatostatin secretion, inhibits the secretion of gastrin and stimulates the release of vasoactive intestinal polypeptide, gastrin releasing peptide and substance P. PACAP (1-38) free acid TFA also enhances N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor function and expression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor through RACK1 .
G7-18NATE TFA is a peptide inhibitor of Grb7. G7-18NATE TFA binds to the Grb7-SH2 domain with micromolar affinity (Kd = 18.1 μM). G7-18NATE TFA inhibits cell proliferation, motility, cell invasion and 3D culture formation in several cancer cell lines .
Proteasome-activating peptide 1 TFA is a peptide and a potent proteasome activator. Proteasome-activating peptide 1 TFA increases the chymotrypsin-like proteasomal catalytic activity and, consequently, proteolytic rates both in vitro and in culture. Proteasome-activating peptide 1 TFA prevents protein aggregation in a cellular model of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis .
(D)-PPA 1 TFA is a hydrolysisresistant d-peptide antagonist. (D)-PPA 1 TFA serves as a potent PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitor. (D)-PPA 1 TFA binds to PD-1 with the affinity 0f 0.51 μM with in vitro and in vivo efficacy .
Myostatin inhibitory peptide 7 TFA is a 23 amino acids peptide, which is derived from amino acids 21 to 43 of the mouse myostatin prodomain. Myostatin inhibitory peptide 7 TFA inhibits myostatin with Kd of 29.7 nM. Myostatin inhibitory peptide 7 TFA can be used for researches of muscle atrophic disorders .
3X FLAG peptide TFA is a FLAG-tagged peptide containing three repeats of the Asp-Tyr-Lys-Xaa-Xaa-Asp motif. 3X FLAG peptide TFA can be used for protein separation and purification, and competitive elution with target proteins.
γ-Glu-Gly TFA, a γ-glutamyl dipeptide, is a human lipid metabolite.γ-Glu-Gly TFA has a similar structure to GABA (γ-aminobutyric acid) and can act as an antagonist of excitatory amino acids .
Defensin HNP-1 human TFA is a Human neutrophil peptides (HNPs), involved in endothelial cell dysfunction at the time of early atherosclerotic development. Defensin HNP-1 human TFA exhibits broad antimicrobial and anti-leishmanial activities .
M617 TFA is a selective galanin receptor 1 (GAL1) agonist, with Kis of 0.23 and 5.71 nM for GAL1 and GAL2, respectively. M617 TFA, acting through its central GAL1, can promote GLUT4 expression and enhance GLUT4 content in the cardiac muscle of type 2 diabetic rats .
J-2156 TFA is a high potent, selective somatostatin receptor type 4 (SST4 receptor) agonist with IC50s of 0.05 nM and 0.07 nM for human and rat SST4 receptors, respectively. J-2156 TFA has anti-inflammatory activity and it is used for the relief of mechanical allodynia and mechanical hyperalgesia in the ipsilateral hindpaws in rats .
β-Amyloid (1-42), human TFA (Amyloid β-Peptide (1-42) (human) TFA) is a 42-amino acid peptide which plays a key role in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer disease .
Lys-γ3-MSH(human) TFA is a melanocortin peptide derived from the C-terminal of the fragment of pro-opiomelanocortin (POMC). Lys-γ3-MSH(human) TFA potentiates the steroidogenic response of the rat adrenal to adrenocorticotrophin (ACTH). Lys-γ3-MSH(human) TFA is a potent stimulator of lipolysis with an apparent EC50 of 3.56 nM. Lys-γ3-MSH(human) TFA can activate hormone sensitive lipase (HSL) and Perilipin A resulting in lipolysis .
TAT-cyclo-CLLFVY TFA is a cyclic peptide inhibitor of HIF-1 heterodimerization that inhibits hypoxia signaling in cancer cells. TAT-cyclo-CLLFVY TFA disrupts HIF-1α/HIF-1β protein-protein interaction with an IC50 of 1.3 μM .
SOR-C13 TFA, a carboxy-terminal truncated peptide, is a high-affinity TRPV6 antagonist with an IC50 value of 14 nM. TRPV6 is a non-voltage gated calcium channel that is associated with malignancy and poor prognosis in breast cancer. SOR-C13 TFA has anticancer activity .
Myostatin inhibitory peptide 2 (compd 2) TFA is a myostatin inhibitor with a Kd of 35.9 nM. Myostatin inhibitory peptide 2 TFA can be used for researches of muscle atrophic disorders .
T7 Tag Peptide TFA is a protein tag derived from the N-terminal 11 residues of the major T7 capsid protein, gp 10. T7 Tag Peptide TFA can be used in different immunoassays as well as affinity purification .
Big Gastrin I, human (TFA) is a gastrointestinal hormone consisting of 34 amino acids. Big Gastrin I, human (TFA) can be used as a potential substance for the study of cancer, autoimmune diseases, fibrotic diseases, inflammatory diseases, neurological diseases or cardiovascular diseases .
Endothelin-1 (1-31) (Human) TFA is a potent vasoconstrictor and hypertensive agent. Endothelin-1 (1-31) (Human) TFA is derived from the selective hydrolysis of big ET-1 by chymase .
Thioether-cyclized helix B peptide, CHBP (TFA) is the TFA form of Thioether-cyclized helix B peptide, CHBP (HY-P5984). Thioether-cyclized helix B peptide, CHBP (TFA) can improve metabolic stability and renoprotective effect through inducing autophagy via inhibition of mTORC1 and activation of mTORC2 .
AKTide-2T TFA is an excellent in vitro substrate for AKT and shows competitive inhibition of histone H2B phosphorylation with a Ki of 12 nM. AKTide-2T TFA mimics the optimal phosphorylation sequence of Akt and is an inhibitory peptide with the wildtype AKTide lacking Thr in the S22 position .
Abz-FRLKGGAPIKGV-EDDNP TFA is a fluorogenic substrate used to measure the enzymatic activities of protease forms, such as papain-like protease 2 (PLP2) from severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV). Abz-FRLKGGAPIKGV-EDDNP TFA has the potential for study 2019-nCoV (COVID-19) infection .
OM99-2 TFA, an eight residue peptidomimetic, tight-binding inhibitor of human brain memapsin 2 with a Ki value of 9.58 nM . OM99-2 TFA is significantly advanced the development of BACE1 inhibitor . OM99-2 has the potential for the research of the Alzheimer's disease .
Astressin 2B TFA is a potent and selective corticotropin-releasing factor receptor 2 (CRF2) antagonist, with the IC50 values of 1.3 nM and > 500 nM for CRF2 and CRF1, respectively. Astressin 2B TFA antagonizes CRF2-mediated inhibition of gastric emptying .
OXA(17-33) TFA is a potent and selective orexin-1 receptor (OX1) agonist. OXA(17-33) TFA shows a ∼23-fold selectivity for the OX1 (EC50=8.29 nM) over OX2 (187 nM) .
β-Amyloid (42-1), human TFA is the inactive form of Amyloid β Peptide (1-42). β-Amyloid (42-1), human TFA is a 42-amino acid peptide which plays a key role in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer disease .
Adrenomedullin (16-31), human TFA is amino acid residues 16-31 fragment of human adrenomedullin (hADM). Adrenomedullin has appreciable affinity for the CGRP1 receptor. Adrenomedullin (16-31), human TFA possesses pressor activity in the systemic vascular bed of the rat, but not the cat .
Secretin (33-59), rat (TFA) is a 27-aa peptide, which acts on secretin receptor, and enhances the secretion of bicarbonate, enzymes, and K + from the pancreas .
Lei-Dab7 TFA is a high affinity, selective KCa2.2 (SK2) channel blocker (Kd=3.8 nM). Lei-Dab7 TFA exhibits >200-fold selectivity for KCa2.2 over KCa2.1, KCa2.3, KCa3.1, Kv and Kir2.1. Lei-Dab7 TFA increases theta-burst responses and increases LTP in rat hippocampal slices in vitro.
5-FAM-GpYLPQTV-NH2 (TFA) is a fluorescently labeled peptide and has STAT3 inhibitory activity. 5-FAM-GpYLPQTV-NH2 (TFA) can be used in cancer research .
Pediocin PA-1 TFA is a broad-spectrum lactic acid bacterial bacteriocin that inhibits the activity of foodborne pathogens such as Listeria monocytogenes and Gram-positive bacteria. Pediocin PA-1 TFA can be used as a food biopreservative .
Melittin TFA is a PLA2 activator, stimulates the activity of the low molecular weight PLA2, while it does not the increase activity of the high molecular weight PLA2 .
FFAGLDD TFA is MMP9 selective cleavage peptides, which used for cytosolic delivery of Doxorubi-cin (DOX) and achieve temporally and spatially controlled slow drug delivery and release .
DSTYSLSSTLTLSK TFA is a generic human peptide and can be used for infliximab quantitative detection . Infliximab (Avakine) is a chimeric monoclonal IgG1 antibody that specifically binds to TNF-α.
LXW7 TFA, a cyclic peptide containing Arg-Gly-Asp (RGD), is an integrin αvβ3 inhibitor. LXW7 has a high binding affinity to αvβ3 integrin with an IC50 of 0.68 μM. LXW7 TFA increases phosphorylation of VEGFR-2 and activation of ERK1/2. Anti-inflammatory effect .
NLS (PKKKRKV) TFA is the TFA form of NLS (PKKKRKV) (HY-P1876). NLS (PKKKRKV) is a nuclear localization signal (NLS) derived from the simian virus 40 large tumor antigen (SV40 large T antigen), that mediates binding of the karyophilic protein to importin α. NLS (PKKKRKV) can function as a method to enhance nuclear entry in the field of gene transfer research .
SAH-SOS1A TFA is a peptide-based SOS1/KRAS protein interaction inhibitor. SAH-SOS1A TFA binds to wild-type and mutant KRAS (G12D, G12V, G12C, G12S, and Q61H) with nanomolar affinity (EC50=106-175 nM). SAH-SOS1A TFA directly and independently blocks nucleotide association. SAH-SOS1A TFA impairs KRAS-driven cancer cell viability and exerts its effects by on-mechanism blockade of the ERK-MAPK phosphosignaling cascade downstream of KRAS .
Polymyxin B nonapeptide TFA is a cyclic peptide obtained from Polymyxin B by proteolytic removal of its terminal amino acyl residue. Polymyxin B nonapeptide TFA is less toxic, lacks bactericidal activity, and retains its ability to render gram-negative bacteria susceptible to several antibiotics by permeabilizing their outer membranes .
GP(33-41) TFA, a 9-aa-long peptide, is the optimal sequence of the GP1 epitope of lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus. GP(33-41) TFA can upregulate H-2D b molecules at the RMA-S (Db Kb) cell surface with a SC50 of 344 nM .
IKKγ NBD Inhibitory Peptide TFA is a highly specific inhibitor NF-κB inhibitor. IKKγ NBD Inhibitory Peptide TFA acts by disrupting the interaction between IKKγ/NEMO-binding domain (NBD) with IKKα and IKKβ, thus blocking TNF-α-induced NF-kB activation. IKKγ NBD Inhibitory Peptide TFA could significantly suppresses inflammation and ameliorate the cerebral ischemia-induced neurological deficits .
Adrenocorticotropic Hormone (ACTH) (18-39), human TFA is a corticotropinlike intermediate lobe peptide, which is is produced in the melanotrophs of the intermediate lobe of the pituitary .
Fibrinopeptide A, human TFA is a 16-residue short polypeptide cleaved from fibrinogen by thrombin. Fibrinopeptide A, human locates at the NH2-termini of the Aα chain .
Neuropeptide SF (mouse,rat) TFA is a potent neuropeptide FF receptor agonist with Ki values are 48.4 nM and 12.1 nM for NPFF1 and NPFF2, respectively. Neuropeptide SF TFA increases the amplitude of the sustained current of heterologously expressed acid sensing ion channel 3 (ASIC3) .
Vasopressin Dimer (anti-parallel) TFA is an anti-parallel dimer of Vasopressin (HY-B1811). Vasopressin Dimer (anti-parallel) TFA can activate four G protein-coupled receptors, V1aR, V1bR, V2R, and OTR .
Caerulein, desulfated TFA is the desulfurated form of Caerulein. Caerulein is a decapeptide having the same five carboxyl-terminal amino acids as gastrin and cholecystokinin (CCK) .
Glutathione diethyl ester (TFA) is a delivery agent for glutathione monoester, and thus for glutathione, in human cells and therefore could serve to decrease oxidative stress and toxicity .
PR-39 TFA, a natural proline- and arginine-rich antibacterial peptide, is a noncompetitive, reversible and allosteric proteasome inhibitor. PR-39 TFAreversibly binds to the α7 subunit of the proteasome and blocks degradation of NF-κB inhibitor IκBα by the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway. PR-39 TFA stimulates angiogenesis, inhibits inflammatory responses and significant reduces myocardial infarct size in mice .
CRAMP (140-173) (mouse) TFA is a ortholog of human LL-37antimicrobial peptide. CRAMP (140-173) (mouse) TFA inhibits LPS (HY-D1056)-induced responses, and can not colocalized with TLR3 in BEAS-2B cells .
AC-VEID-CHO (TFA) is a peptide-derived caspase inhibitor and has potency of inhibition for Caspase-6, Caspase-3 and Caspase-7 with IC50 values of 16.2 nM, 13.6 nM and 162.1 nM, respectively. AC-VEID-CHO (TFA) can be used for the research of neurodegenerative conditions including Alzheimer’s and Huntington’s disease .
[D-Trp34]-Neuropeptide Y TFA is a potent and selective neuropeptide Y (NPY) Y5 receptor agonist. [D-Trp34]-Neuropeptide Y TFA is a significantly less potent agonist at the NPY Y1, Y2, Y4, and y6 receptors. [D-Trp34]-Neuropeptide Y TFA markedly increases food intake in rats .
GLP-1(28-36)amide TFA, a C-terminal nonapeptide of GLP-1, is a major product derived from the cleavage of GLP-1 by the neutral endopeptidase (NEP). GLP-1(28-36)amide TFA is an antioxidant and targets to mitochondrion, inhibits mitochondrial permeability transition (MPT). GLP-1(28-36)amide TFA has anti-diabetic and cardioprotection effects .
β-defesin 1 (pig) (pBD-1) TFA is an endogenous and constitutively expressed antimicrobial peptide (AMP) from porcine tissues, particularly expresses in pig mucosal epithelial sites. β-defesin 1 (pig) TFA has antimicrobial activities and contributes to mucosal and systemic host defenses in pigs .
TAT TFA (YGRKKRRQRRR) is derived from the transactivator of transcription (TAT) of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-1) and is a cell-penetrating peptide. TAT can increase the yields and the solubility of heterologous proteins .
WLSEAGPVVTVRALRGTGSW TFA is a cardiomyocyte specific peptide. WLSEAGPVVTVRALRGTGSW-expressing exosomes can improve specific uptake by cardiomyocytes, decrease cardiomyocyte apoptosis, and enhance cardiac retention following intramyocardial injection in vivo .
γ1-MSH TFA is a melanocortin MC3 receptor agonist, with a Ki of 34 nM for the rat MC3 receptor. γ1-MSH TFA displays ~40-fold selectivity over MC4 (Ki=1318 nM) .
A8SGLP-1 TFA is an orally active GLP-1 analogue that the alanine at position 8 substituted with serine. A8SGLP-1 TFA reduces blood glucose in db/db mice without affecting its function .
Obestatin(human) TFA is an endogenous peptide derived from the same prepropeptide as ghrelin. Obestatin(human) suppresses food intake and reduce body weight-gain in rats.
Apelin-17(human, bovine) TFA is an endogenous orphan G protein-coupled receptor APJ agonist. Apelin-17(human, bovine) TFA binds to human APJ receptors expressed in HEK 293 cells (pIC50=9.02). Apelin-17(human, bovine) TFA inhibits the entry of some HIV-1 and HIV-2 into the NP2/CD4 cells expressing APJ .
Apelin-36(rat, mouse) TFA is an endogenous orphan G protein-coupled receptor APJ agonist. Apelin-36(rat, mouse) TFA binds to APJ receptors with an IC50 of 5.4 nM, and potently inhibits cAMP production with an EC50 of 0.52 nM. Apelin-36(rat, mouse) TFA blocks entry of some HIV-1 and HIV-2 strains into NP-2/CD4 cells expressing APJ .
Tyr-α-CGRP (human) TFA is an N-terminally extended human α-CGRP analog. Tyr-α-CGRP (human) TFA can bind to membrane preparations from rat brain and spleen with IC50 values of 0.2 nM and 0.5 nM, respectively, and induce positive chronotropic and inotropic effects in isolated guinea pig right and left atria with EC50 values of 282 nM and 74 nM, respectively. Tyr-α-CGRP (human) TFA also inhibits contractile responses in rat vas deferens with an EC50 value of 1.9 nM .
RNAIII-inhibiting peptide(TFA) is a potent inhibitor of Staphylococcus aureus, effective in the diseases such as cellulitis, keratitis, septic arthritis, osteomylitis and mastitis.
Prosaptide Tx14(A) TFA, a prosaposin-derived peptide, is a potent GPR37L1 and GPR37 agonist with EC50s of 5 and 7 nM, respectively. Prosaptide Tx14(A) TFA increases both ERK1 and ERK2 phosphorylation in Schwann cells .
M2e, human TFA, consisting of the 23 extracellular residues of M2 (the third integral membrane protein of influenza A), has been remarkably conserved in all human influenza A. M2e, human TFA is a valid and versatile vaccine candidate to protect against any strain of human influenza A .
Sarafotoxin S6a TFA , a sarafotoxin analogue, is a endothelin receptor agonist and has an ETA/ETB selectivity profile similar to that of Endothelin-3 (HY-P0204). Sarafotoxin S6a TFA elicits the pig coronary artery with an EC50 value of 7.5 nM .
Albiglutide fragment (GLP-1 (7-36) analog) TFA is an active fragment of Albiglutide (7-36) and a glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) analog (a long-acting GLP-1 receptor agonist). Albiglutide is produced by the fusion of DPP-4 resistant GLP-1 dimer with the human albumin gene. Moreover, Albiglutide fragment TFA significantly reduces glycosylated hemoglobin (A1C) and is used in type 2 diabetes (T2D) studies .
Pepinh-TRIF (TFA) is a 30 aa peptide that blocks TIR-domain-containing adapter-inducing interferon-β (TRIF) signaling by interfering with TLR-TRIF interaction .
Rac1 Inhibitor W56 TFA is a peptide containing residues 45-60 of Rac1. Rac1 Inhibitor W56 TFA inhibits Rac1 interaction with guanine nucleotide exchange factors TrioN, GEF-H1, and Tiam .
YAP-TEAD-IN-1 TFA is a potent and competitive peptide inhibitor of?YAP-TEAD interaction (IC50=25 nM). YAP-TEAD-IN-1 TFA is a 17mer peptide and shows a higher the binding affinity to TEAD1 (Kd=15 nM) than YAP (50-171) (Kd= 40 nM) .
hFSH-β-(33-53) TFA, a thiol-containing peptide which corresponds to a second FSH receptor-binding domain, is a FSHR (follicle-stimulating hormone receptor) antagonist. hFSH-β-(33-53) TFA inhibits binding of FSH to receptor and is a partial agonist of estradiol synthesis in Sertoli cells .
PG-931 TFA, an analog of SHU 9119 (HY-P0227), is a potent melanocortin 4 (MC4) receptor (IC50=0.58 nM) agonist and is more selective than for the hMC3R (IC50=55 nM) or the hMC5R(IC50=2.4 nM). PG-931 TFA can reverse haemorrhagic shock and prevent multiple organ damage in vivo .
Fz7-21 (Ac-LPSDDLEFWCHVMY-NH2) TFA is a potent peptide antagonist of FZD7 receptors , selectively binds to FZD7 CRD subclass and alters the conformation of the CRD and the architecture of its lipid-binding groove. The EC50 values are 58 and 34 nM for human and mouse FZD7 CRD, respectively. Fz7-21 TFA impairs the function of FZD7 in Wnt-β-catenin signalling and stem cell function in intestinal organoids .
Batifiban TFA, a cyclic peptide, is an antagonist of platelet glycoprotein GPⅡb/Ⅲa and inhibits platelet aggregation. Batifiban blocks the binding of circulating vitronectin to integrin ανβ3 .
[Sar1, Ile8]-Angiotensin II (TFA) is a peptide that has multiple effects on vascular smooth muscle, including contraction of normal arteries and hypertrophy or hyperplasia of cultured cells or diseased vessels.
Dnp-PLGLWA-DArg-NH2 TFA is a fluorogenic substrate for MMP-1 and MMP-9. Dnp-PLGLWA-DArg-NH2 TFA can be used to quantify the activity of MMPs (Ex=280 nm, Em=360 nm) .
187-1, N-WASP inhibitor TFA, a 14-aa cyclic peptide, is an allosteric neural Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome protein (N-WASP) inhibitor. 187-1, N-WASP inhibitor TFA potently inhibits actin assembly induced by phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate (PIP2) with an IC50 of 2 μM. 187-1, N-WASP inhibitor TFA prevents the activation of Arp2/3 complex by N-WASP by stabilizing the autoinhibited state of the protein .
γ-Fibrinogen377-395 TFA is a fibrinogen-derived inhibitory peptide, as well as fibrinogen epitope. γ-Fibrinogen377-395 TFA blocks microglia activation and inhibits fibrin-Mac-1 interactions in vitro, and suppresses experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) in mice in vivo. γ-Fibrinogen377-395 TFA can be used for research in multiple sclerosis (MS), and other neuroinflammatory diseases associated with blood-brain barrier disruption and microglia activation .
Oxytocin free acid (9-Deamidooxytocin) TFA is an analog of oxytocin in which the glycinamide residue at position 9 in oxytocin has been replaced by a glycine residue. Oxytocin is a pleiotropic, peptide hormone with broad implications for general health, adaptation, development, reproduction, and social behavior .
Galanin Receptor Ligand M35 TFA is a high-affinity ligand and antagonist of galanin receptor (Kd=0.1 nM). Galanin Receptor Ligand M35 TFA exerts a Ki values of 0.11 and 2.0 nM for human galanin receptor type 1 and 2, respectively .
[pTyr5] EGFR (988-993) TFA is derived from the autophosphorylation site (Tyr992) of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR 988-993). [pTyr5] EGFR (988-993) TFA is often complexed with the catalytically inactive protein-tyrosine phosphate 1B (PTP1B) .
Myelin Basic Protein(87-99) TFA is an encephalitogenic peptide that induces basic protein-specific T cell proliferation. Myelin Basic Protein(87-99) TFA causes a Th1 polarization in peripheral blood mononuclear cells with is implicated of multiple sclerosis (MS) .
Rac1 Inhibitor F56, control peptide TFA is a peptide containing residues 45-60 of Rac1. Rac1 Inhibitor F56, control peptide TFA contains a Trp 56 to Phe 56 mutation. Rac1 Inhibitor F56, control peptide TFA has no effect on Rac1 interaction with its guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs) .
Calcitonin Gene Related Peptide (CGRP) II, rat TFA, a CGRP receptor activator, is a potent and long-lasting vasodilator. Calcitonin Gene Related Peptide (CGRP) II TFA can be used in the research of cardiovascular diseases .
β-Amyloid (1-43)(human) TFA is more prone to aggregation and has higher toxic properties than the long-known Aβ1-42. β-Amyloid (1-43)(human) TFA shows a correlation with both sAPPα and sAPPβ. β-Amyloid (1-43)(human) TFA could be considered an added Alzheimer's disease (AD) biomarker together with the others already in use .
cRGDfK-thioacetyl ester TFA is a bioactive polypeptide molecule. cRGDfK peptide has a selective affinity for integrins. cRGDfK peptide can modify NIR fluorescent probes for cancer targeting imaging .
α-Helical CRF(9-41) TFA is a competitive CRF2 receptor antagonist with KB of ~100 nM. α-Helical CRF(9-41) TFA is also a partial agonist of CRF1 receptor with an EC50 of 140 nM .
GLP-1(32-36)amide TFA, a pentapeptide, derived from the C terminus of the glucoregulatory hormone GLP-1. GLP-1(32-36)amide TFA could inhibit weight gain and modulate whole body glucose metabolism in diabetic mice .
SPSB2-iNOS inhibitory cyclic peptide-2 TFA is the TFA salt form of SPSB2-iNOS inhibitory cyclic peptide-2 (HY-P10384). SPSB2-iNOS inhibitory cyclic peptide-2 TFA is an inhibitor for the interaction of SPRY domain and SOCS-box protein 2 (SPSB2) and iNOS, through binding SPSB2 on iNOS site with KD of 21 nM. SPSB2-iNOS inhibitory cyclic peptide-2 TFA is reduction-resistant and oxidatively stable .
R18 TFA is a peptide antagonists of 14-3-3, with a KD of 70-90 nM. R18 efficiently blocks the binding of 14-3-3 to the kinase Raf-1, a physiological ligand of 14-3-3, and effectively abolished the protective role of 14-3-3 against phosphatase-induced inactivation of Raf-1 .
G-Protein antagonist peptide TFA is a truncated substance P-related peptide, competes with receptor for G protein binding. G-Protein antagonist peptide TFA inhibits the activation of Gi or Go by M2 muscarinic cholinergic receptor (M2 mAChR) or of Gs by beta-adrenergic receptor in the reconstituted phospholipid vesicles, assayed by receptor-promoted GTP hydrolysis .
c(avb6)-DOTA TFA is a conjugate of the αvβ6 integrin selective peptide ring modified with DPTA chelator. The Lu(III) complex of c(avb6)-DOTA TFA has a comparable affinity for αvβ6 integrin (IC50=0.8 nM) and can be used as a tumor diagnostic .
Peptide T (TFA) is an octapeptide from the V2 region of HIV-1 gp120. Peptide T is a ligand for the CD4 receptor and prevents binding of HIV to the CD4 receptor.
Antagonist G TFA is a potent vasopressin antagonist. Antagonist G is also a weak antagonist of GRP and Bradykinin. Antagonist G induces AP-1 transcription and sensitizes cells to chemotherapy .
A-71915 (TFA) is a selective inhibitor of ANP receptor (atrial natriuretic peptide-receptor), induces apoptosis and decreases insulin secretion in RINm5F pancreatic β-cells .
CART(62-76)(human,rat) TFA is a neuropeptide (62-76 residues of the CART peptide) with neurotransmitter-like effects. CART(62-76)(human,rat) TFA can modulate the activity of striatal noradrenergic and corticostriatal and hypothalamic serotoninergic (5-HT) system in the rat brain .
HYNIC-iPSMA TFA is a ligand for molecular imaging of tumors. Hynic-ipsma consists of two components: HYNIC (6-hydrazinonicotinamide) and iPSMA (Inhibitor of Prostate-Specific Membrane Antigen). HYNIC is a compound used to attach radioactive isotopes to targeted molecules. iPSMA is a specific inhibitor used to inhibit prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA). 68GA-labeled iPSMA has been used to detect prostate cancer by PET imaging. The further 99mTc-EDDA/HYNIC-iPSMA TFA has excellent specificity and sensitivity .
Galanin (swine) TFA, a neuropeptide, consists of 29 amino acids and contains a C-terminal amidated glycine. Galanin (swine) inhibits basal and stimulated insulin secretion both in vivo and in vitro under a variety of experimental conditions. Galanin (swine) TFA is a galanin receptor agonist with pKis of 9.63, 9.49, 9.02, 8.98, 8.01 and 8.14 at human GAL1, rat GAL1, human GAL2, rat GAL2, human GAL3 and rat GAL3 respectively .
Neuromedin U, rat TFA is a 23-amino acid brain-gut peptide. Neuromedin U (NMU), through its cognate receptor NMUR2 in the central nervous system, regulates several important physiological functions, including energy balance, stress response, and nociception.
Shepherdin (79-87) TFA is amino acids 79 to 87 fragment of Shepherdin. Shepherdin is a peptidomimetic antagonist of the complex between Hsp90 and Survivin. Anticancer activity .
pm26TGF-β1 TFA peptide is a peptide that mimics a portion of the human TGF-β1 molecule. pm26TGF-β1 peptide TFA shows high affinity for the TGF-β1 receptor. pm26TGF-β1 peptide TFA displays potent anti-inflammatory properties and does not exhibit neutrophils’ chemoattraction .
Thioredoxin reductase peptide TFA corresponds to residues 53–67 in thioredoxin reductase (TrxR), used in thioredoxin reductase research. Thioredoxin reductase acts as a reductant of disulfide-containing proteins and plays crucial role in cellular antioxidant defense .
Murepavadin (POL7080) (TFA), a 14-amino-acid cyclic peptide, is a highly potent, specific antibiotic. Murepavadin exhibits a potent antimicrobial activity for P. aeruginosa with MIC50 and MIC90 values both of 0.12 mg/L. Murepavadin also can target the lipopolysaccharide transport portin D. Murepavadin can be used for the research of bacterial resistance .
d[Cha4]-AVP TFA is a potent and selective vasopressin (AVP) V1b receptor agonist with a Ki of 1.2 nM for human V1b receptor. d[Cha4]-AVP TFA shows more selective for V1b receptor than human V1a receptor, V2 receptor, and oxytocin receptors .
HPV16 E7 (86-93) TFA is a human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-A2.1 restricted HPV16 E7-derived peptide. HPV16 E7 (86-93) TFA is immunogenic in cervical carcinomas .
Kisspeptin-10, human TFA is a potent vasoconstrictor and inhibitor of angiogenesis. Kisspeptin-10, human TFA acts as a tumor metastasis suppressor via its receptor GPR54. Kisspeptin-10-GPR54 system plays an important role in embryonic kidney development. Kisspeptin-10/GPR54 signaling induces osteoblast differentiation via NFATc4-mediated BMP2 expression .
C-Type Natriuretic Peptide (1-53), human TFA is the 1-53 fragment of C-Type Natriuretic Peptide. C-Type Natriuretic Peptide TFA is natriuretic peptide family peptide that is involved in the maintenance of electrolyte-fluid balance and vascular tone .
β-Amyloid 22-35 (Amyloid β-Protein 22-35) TFA, the residues 22-35 fragment ofβ-amyloid protein, has a cytotoxic effect on cultured neurons from the rat hippocampus in serum-free medium. β-Amyloid 22-35 TFA forms aggregates and typical amyloid fibrils resembling those of the β-amyloid protein in neutral buffer solution) .
Oxytocin parallel dimer TFA is the disulfide-bridged homo peptide dimer. Oxytocin dimer has oxytocin and vasopressin-like activity with less toxic than oxytocin .
Oxytocin antiparallel dimer TFA is the disulfide-bridged homo peptide dimer. Oxytocin dimer has oxytocin and vasopressin-like activity with less toxic than oxytocin .
LSKL, Inhibitor of Thrombospondin (TSP-1) TFA is a latency-associated protein (LAP)-TGFβ derived tetrapeptide and a competitive TGF-β1 antagonist. LSKL, Inhibitor of Thrombospondin (TSP-1) TFA inhibits the binding of TSP-1 to LAP and alleviates renal interstitial fibrosis and hepatic fibrosis. LSKL, Inhibitor of Thrombospondin (TSP-1) TFA suppresses subarachnoid fibrosis via inhibition of TSP-1-mediated TGF-β1 activity, prevents the development of chronic hydrocephalus and improves long-term neurocognitive defects following subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). LSKL, Inhibitor of Thrombospondin (TSP-1) TFA can readily crosse the blood-brain barrier .
SDF-1α (human) TFA is a mononuclear cells chemoattractant that can bind to CXCR4. SDF-1α plays a central role in stem cell homing, retention, survival, proliferation, cardiomyocyte repair, angiogenesis and ventricular remodelling following myocardial infarction. SDF-1α (human) TFA can be used in cardiovascular disease research .
SPSB2-iNOS inhibitory cyclic peptide-3 TFA is the TFA salt form of SPSB2-iNOS inhibitory cyclic peptide-3 (HY-P10385). SPSB2-iNOS inhibitory cyclic peptide-3 TFA is an inhibitor for the interaction of SPRY domain and SOCS-box protein 2 (SPSB2) and iNOS, through binding SPSB2 on iNOS site with KD of 7 nM .
(Leu31,Pro34)-Peptide YY (human) (TFA) is the TFA form of (Leu31,Pro34)-Peptide YY (human) (HY-P3877). (Leu31,Pro34)-Peptide YY (human) (TFA) is a Peptide YY (HY-P1514) derivative and is a potent and selective Y1 agonist with a KD of 1.0 nM .
Human PD-L1 inhibitor V TFA, a human PD-1 protein binding peptide with a Kd value of 3.32 μM. Human PD-L1 inhibitor V TFA inhibit the interaction of hPD-1/hPD-L1 .
PACAP-38 (31-38), human, mouse, rat TFA is a PAC1 receptor activator and increases the α-secretase activity. PACAP-38 (31-38), human, mouse, rat TFA elevates cytosolic Ca 2+, increases proliferation and increases phosphorylation of extracellular regulates kinase (ERK) and the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR). PACAP-38 (31-38), human, mouse, rat TFA demonstrates potent, efficacious, and sustained stimulatory effects on sympathetic neuronal NPY and catecholamine production. PACAP-38 (31-38), human, mouse, rat TFA can be used for neurotrophic and neuroprotective research .
GLP-1(9-36)amide TFA is a major metabolite of glucagon-like peptide-1-(7-36) amide formed by the enzyme dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4). GLP-1(9-36)amide TFA acts as an antagonist to the human pancreatic GLP-1 receptor .
LAH5 TFA is an amphipathic cell-penetrating peptide. LAH5 THA effectively delivers CRISPR-Cas9 components into the nuclei of target cells by forming nanocomplexes with both RNP and RNP/HDR cargo .
c-Myc Peptide (TFA) is a synthetic peptide corresponding to the C-terminal amino acids (410-419) of human c-myc protein, and participates in regulation of growth-related gene transcription.
Bz-FVR-AMC TFA is a fluorogenic substrate for procathepsin with a kcat/Km value of 1070 mM -1s -1. The high concentration of BZ-FVR-AMC inhibits the substrate .
VIP Guinea pig TFA (Vasoactive intestinal peptide), a trophic and mitogenic factor, stimulates growth in whole cultured embryos. VIP Guinea pig functions as a simple gastrointestinal hormone and suggest a possible neurotransmitter function .
[Ala1,3,11,15]-Endothelin (53-63) (TFA) is an ETB agonist. [Ala1,3,11,15]-Endothelin (53-63) (TFA) has selectivity for ET B with IC50 values range from 0.33 nM to 0.61 nM. [Ala1,3,11,15]-Endothelin (53-63) (TFA) can be used for the research of vasoconstriction .
M65 TFA is a deleted peptide of maxadilan (61 a.a.) with deletion of the residues between positions 24 and 42 and is a specific antagonist of PACAP type 1 receptor that inhibits ANP secretion and can be used for relevant researches .
TAT-P4-(DATC5)2 TFA is a high-affinity peptide inhibitor of the PICK1 (protein interacting with C kinase-1) PDZ domain, with a Ki of 1.7 nM. TAT-P4-(DATC5)2 TFA can inhibit addiction in rats .
α-Synuclein (61-95) (human) TFA is the hydrophobic core region of α-synuclein, and induces neuronal cell death. α-Synuclein (61-95) (human) TFA can be used for research of neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and Parkinson’s disease (PD) .
Omiganan, FITC labeled TFA is a peptide-FITC complex composed of Omiganan and a FITC. Omiganan is a bactericidal and fungicidal cationic peptide being developed as a topical gel for prevention of catheter-associated infections .
NEP(1-40) TFA is a Nogo-66 receptor (NgR) antagonist peptide, reversing the injury-induced shift in distribution of microglia morphologies by limiting myelin-based inhibition .
Ac9-25 TFA, a N-terminal peptide of Annexin I, acts as a formyl peptide receptor (FPR) agonist and activates the neutrophil NADPH oxidase through FPR .
Crotamine TFA is a Na + channel modulator. Crotamine is a 42 amino acid toxin cross-linked by three disulfide bridges. Crotamine has analgesic activity. Crotamine also interacts with lipid membranes and shows myonecrotic activity. Crotamine can be isolated from Crotalus durissus terrificus venom .
Tetanus toxin (830-843) TFA is a powerful neurotoxin that reaches by retroaxonal transport and transcytosis the cytoplasm ofspinal inhibitory intemeurons and blocks their ability to release neurotransmitters .
Angiotensinogen (1-14), human TFA is a fragment of the renin substrate angiotensinogen. Angiotensinogen is naturally occurring substrate for renin and a precursor for all angiotensin peptides .
CMD178 TFA is a lead peptide that consistently reduced the expression of Foxp3 and STAT5 induced by IL-2/s IL-2Rα signaling and inhibits Treg cell development .
Rabies Virus Glycoprotein (TFA) is a 29-amino-acid cell penetrating peptide derived from a rabies virus glycoprotein that can cross the blood-brain barrier (BBB) and enter brain cells .
Urocortin II, human (TFA) is a selective endogenous peptide agonist of type-2 corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF2) receptor. For investigating the role of the CRF (2) receptor in ingestive behavior .
C3bot(154-182) TFA is a C3 peptide enhances recovery from spinal cord injury by improving regenerative growth of descending fiber tracts. C3bot(154-182) TFA represents a promising tool to foster axonal protection and/or repair, as well as functional recovery after traumatic CNS injury .
Lys-[Des-Arg9]Bradykinin TFA, a naturally occurring kinin, is a potent and highly selective bradykinin B1 receptor agonist with a Ki of 0.12 nM, 1.7 nM and 0.23 nM for human, mouse and rabbit B1 receptors, respectively. Lys-[Des-Arg9]Bradykinin TFA has low inhibitory activity on B2 receptors .
Pro8-Oxytocin TFA is a a modified oxytocin (OXT) ligand. Pro8-Oxytocin produces more potent and efficacious responses at primate OXTR and stronger behavioral effects than the consensus mammalian OXT ligand (Leu8-Oxytocin). Pro8-Oxytocin TFA produce a less efficacious response than Vasopressin (HY-B1811) (AVP) at human AVPR1a and higher efficacious response than AVP at marmoset AVPR1a .
SAAP 148 TFA is an antimicrobial and antibiofilm agent, and exhibits inhibitory efficacy against antibiotic-resistant pathogens, with LC50 of 0.8-12.8 μM .
Neurokinin B TFA belongs to the tachykinin family of peptides. Neurokinin B binds a family of GPCRs-including neurokinin receptor 1 (NK1R), NK2R, and NK3R-to mediate their biological effect .
Heteropodatoxin-2 (TFA), a peptides of 30-amino acid, is a heteropodatoxin. Heteropodatoxin-2 blocks Kv4.2 current expressed in Xenopus laevis oocytes in a voltage-dependent manner, with less block at more positive potentials .
Gly-Arg-Gly-Asp-Ser (TFA) is a pentapeptide that forms the cell-binding domain of a glycoprotein, osteopontin . Gly-Arg-Gly-Asp-Ser binds to integrin receptors αvβ3 and αvβ5 with estimated IC50 of ∼5 and ∼6.5 μM .
Antioxidant peptide A TFA is a short peptide, which contains alternative aromatic or sulfur-containing amino acid. The side chains of Antioxidant peptide A are believed to contribute to strong radical scavenging activities of peptides in the cancer cell .
Tau protein (592-597), human TFA is a peptide fragment of human Tau protein. The dysfunction of Tau protein is involved in neurodegeneration and dementia .
Octaarginine TFA is a cell-penetrating peptide (CPP). CPPs show membrane translocation activities. CPPs are used for intracellular delivery of various membrane-impermeable bioactive agents because of their intrinsic ability to gain access to cell interiors. CPPs have also been used to deliver antibacterial agents to target intracellular bacteria .
[Des-His1,Glu9]-Glucagon amide TFA is a potent and peptide antagonist of the glucagon receptor, with a pA2 of 7.2. [Des-His1,Glu9]-Glucagon amide TFA is potentially useful in the study of the pathogenesis of diabetes .
PG106 TFA is a potent and selective human melanocortin 3 (hMC3) receptor antagonist (IC50= 210 nM) and has noactivity at hMC4 receptors (EC50=9900 nM) and hMC5 receptor .
[DPro5] Corticotropin Releasing Factor, human, rat TFA is a selective corticotropin releasing factor/hormone R2 (CRH-R2)agonist. [DPro5] Corticotropin Releasing Factor, human, rat TFA fails to cause the typical anxiogenic effect, but modulates learning and memory processes in rat .
PAMP-12(human, porcine) TFA is a major component of immunoreactive (ir)-PAMP, is processed from the adrenomedullin precursor, is a potent hypotensive peptide and participates in cardiovascular control .
Enterostatin (human,mouse,rat) TFA is a pentapeptide mainly formed in the intestine by the cleavage of secreted pancreatic procolipase. Enterostatin selectively reduces fat intake, bodyweight, and body fat in vivo .
[Arg14,Lys15]Nociceptin TFA is a highly potent and selective NOP receptor (ORL1; OP4) agonist, with an EC50 of 1 nM. [Arg14,Lys15]Nociceptin TFA displays high selectivity over opioid receptors, with IC50s of 0.32, 280, >10000 and 1500 nM for NOP, μ, δ and κ receptors, respectively .
[D-Trp8]-γ-MSH TFA is a potent and selective agonist of melanocortin 3 (MC3) receptor, with IC50s of 6.7 nM, 600 nM and 340 nM for hMC3, hMC4 and hMC5, respectively in CHO cells. [D-Trp8]-γ-MSH TFA could provide protection against multiple inflammatory disorders such as rheumatoid arthritis and colitis .
Phrixotoxin 3 TFA is a potent blocker of voltage-gated sodium channels, with IC50s of 0.6, 42, 72, 288, 610 nM for NaV1.2, NaV1.3, NaV1.4, NaV1.1 and NaV1.5, respectively. Phrixotoxin 3 TFA modulates voltage-gated sodium channels with properties similar to those of typical gating-modifier toxins, both by causing a depolarizing shift in gating kinetics and by blocking the inward component of the sodium current .
Endothelin-3, human, mouse, rabbit, rat TFA is a 21-amino acid vasoactive peptide that binds to G-protein-linked transmembrane receptors, ET-RA and ET-RB.
S961 TFA is an high-affinity and selective insulin receptor (IR) antagonist with IC50s of 0.048, 0.027, and 630 nM for HIR-A, HIR-B, and human insulin-like growth factor I receptor (HIGF-IR) in SPA-assay, respectively .
Echistatin TFA, the smallest active RGD protein belonging to the family of disintegrins that are derived from snake venoms, is a potent inhibitor of platelet aggregation. Echistatin is a potent inhibitor of bone resorption in culture. Echistatin is a potent antagonist of αIIbβ3, αvβ3 and α5β1 .
α2β1 Integrin Ligand Peptide TFA interacts with the α2β1 integrin receptor on the cell membrane and mediates extracellular signals into cells. It is a potential antagonist of collagen receptors .
Gap 26 TFA is a connexin mimetic peptide, composed of residue numbers 63-75 of the first extracellular loop of connexin 43 (gap junction blocker), containing the SHVR amino acid motif .
PKI (14-24)amide TFA is a potent PKA inhibitor. PKI (14-24)amide strongly inhibited cyclic AMP-dependent protein kinase activity in the cell homogenate .
HCV-1 e2 Protein (554-569) TFA is one of the main antigenic regions of HCV envelope 2 (e2) protein. The HCV-1 e2 Protein (554-569) TFA contains a putative N-glycosylation site, which was previously thought to influence the immune recognition of e2 .
PDZ1 Domain inhibitor peptide TFA, a cyclic peptide, incorporates a β-Ala lactam side chain linker and targets the PDZ1 domains of the postsynaptic density protein 95 (PSD-95). PDZ1 Domain inhibitor peptide TFA disrupts the GluR6/PSD-95 interaction and is very efficient in competing against the C terminus of GluR6 for the PDZ1 domain .
TAT-BH4 (Bcl-xL) TFA is localized mainly at the mitochondria, prevents apoptotic cell death. TAT-BH4 (Bcl-xL) is a fusion peptide that combines the N-terminal cysteine conjugated protein transduction domain of HIV TAT protein (amino acids 49 to 57) with the Bcl-xL BH4 peptide. TAT-BH4 TFA can be used for research of diseases caused by accelerated apoptosis .
BAM(8-22) TFA, a proteolytically cleaved product of proenkephalin A, is a potent activator of Mas-related G-protein-coupled receptors (Mrgprs), MrgprC11 and hMrgprX1, and induces scratching in mice in an Mrgpr-dependent manner .
D-Leu-Pro-Arg-Rh110-D-Pro TFA is a substrate for Factor Xa I (FXIa) with binding affinity. D-Leu-Pro-Arg-Rh110-D-Pro TFA consists of Rhodamine 110 (HY-D0817) linked to a peptide chain through a cleavable bond. Cleavable bond cleavage enhances fluorophore intensity. D-Leu-Pro-Arg-Rh110-D-Pro TFA can be used to detect FXIa activity .
Lactoferricin B (4-14), bovine (TFA), a peptide corresponding to residues 4-14 of bovine lactoferrin, has antimicrobial activity against a wide range of microorganisms .
Interphotoreceptor retinoid-binding protein(668-687) TFA, the amino acid residues 668 to 687 of human interphotoreceptor retinoid binding protein (IRBP), induces uveitis .
Protein Kinase C (19-31) TFA, a peptide inhibitor of protein kinase C (PKC), derived from the pseudo-substrate regulatory domain of PKCa (residues 19-31), is used as protein kinase C substrate peptide for testing the protein kinase C activity .
Ac-RLR-AMC (Ac-Arg-Leu-Arg-AMC) TFA is a fluorogenic substrate for the 26S proteasome (Ex/Em: 380/440-460 nm). AMC is released upon cleavage, and its fluorescence can be used to quantify the trypsin-like activity of 26S proteasomes .
Endomorphin 2 TFA, a high affinity, highly selective agonist of the μ-opioid receptor, displays reasonable affinities for kappa3 binding sites, with Ki value between 20 and 30 nM .
Tat-peptide 168-189 is a cell-permeable and Tat-labeled fusion peptide, corresponding to residues 168-189 of rat G3BP1. Tat sequence from HIV, is placed at the least conserved end of the sequence, for cell permeability. Tat-peptide 168-189 is the negtive control of Tat-peptide 168-189 TFA (HY-P5118A), as Tat-peptide 168-189 TFA increases axon growth and increases the number of neurites per neuron .
Protease-Activated Receptor-1, PAR-1 Agonist TFA is a selective proteinase-activated receptor1 (PAR-1) agonist peptide. Protease-Activated Receptor-1, PAR-1 Agonist TFA corresponds to PAR1 tethered ligand and which can selectively mimic theactions of thrombin via this receptor .
APETx2 TFA, a sea anemone peptide from Anthopleura elegantissima, is a selective and reversible ASIC3 inhibitor, with an IC50 of 63 nM. APETx2 directly inhibits the ASIC3 channel by acting at its external side. APETx2 could reverses acid‐induced and inflammatory pain .
Gp100 (25-33), mouse TFA sequence is found in residues 25 to 33 of the mouse self/tumor antigen glycoprotein (mgp100). Mgp100 is an enzyme involved in pigment synthesis, and the epitope fragment is expressed in both normal melanocytes and melanoma cells .
[Leu31,Pro34]-Neuropeptide Y(human,rat) TFA is a specific neuropeptide Y Y1 receptor agonist. [Leu31,Pro34]-Neuropeptide Y(human,rat) TFA slao activates Y4, Y5. [Leu31,Pro34]-Neuropeptide Y(human,rat) TFA can increase blood pressure in anesthetized rats and increases food intake .
Somatostatin-14 (reduced) (SST 14) (TFA) is a peptide that can be discovered through peptide screening. Peptide screening is a research tool primarily used for identifying active peptides through immunoassays. It can be employed in protein interactions, functional analysis, antigen epitope screening, and is particularly useful in the research and development of active molecules .
UNC3866 TFA is a potent antagonist of the CBX7-H3 interaction as determined by AlphaScreen (IC50=66±1.2 nM) and is more than 100-fold selective for CBX7 over the other nine members of this methyl-lysine (Kme) reader panel.
Tat-beclin 1 TFA, a peptide derived from a region of the autophagy protein (beclin 1), is a potent inducer of autophagy and interacts with negative regulator of autophagy, GAPR-1 (GLIPR2). Tat-beclin 1 TFA decreases the accumulation of polyglutamine expansion protein aggregates and the replication of several pathogens (including HIV-1) in vitro, and reduces mortality in mice infected with chikungunya (CHIKV) or West Nile virus (WNV) .
Syntide 2 (TFA), a Ca 2+- and calmodulin (CaM)-dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII) substrate peptide, selectively inhibits the gibberellin (GA) response, leaving constitutive and abscisic acid-regulated events unaffected .
GR231118 TFA, an analogue of the C-terminus of neuropeptide Y, is a potent , competitive and relative seletive antagonist at human neuropeptide YY receptor with a pKi of 10.4. GR231118 a potent agonist at the human neuropeptide YY4 receptor (pEC50=8.6; pKi=9.6) and a weak agonist at the human and rat neuropeptide Y Y2 and Y5 receptors. GR231118 also has high affinity for the mouse neuropeptide YY6 receptor (pKi= 8.8) .
Asp-Asp-Asp-Asp-Asp-Asp TFA is a polyaspartic acid. The specificity of the catalytic and antigenic sites of influenza virus neuraminidase is related to the number of specific amino acids.
OVA-E1 peptide TFA, is an antagonist variant of SIINFEKL [OVA (257-264). OVA-E1 peptide, activates the p38 and JNK cascades similarly in mutant and wild-type thymocytes .
GR 94800 TFA is a potent and selective NK2 receptor peptide antagonist, with pKB values of 9.6, 6.4 and 6.0 for NK2, NK1 and NK3 receptors, respectively .
D[LEU4,LYS8]-VP TFA is a selective agonist of vasopressin V1b receptor, with the Kis of 0.16 nM, 0.52 nM, and 0.1.38 nM for rat, human and mouse V1b receptor, respectively. D[LEU4,LYS8]-VP TFA has weak antidiuretic, vasopressor, and in vitro oxytocic activities .
Acetyl-Calpastatin(184-210)(human) TFA is a potent, selective and reversible calpain inhibitor with Ki values of 0.2 nM and 6 μM for µ-calpain and cathepsin L, respectively .
β-Amyloid (1-42), (rat/mouse) TFA is a 42-aa peptide, shows cytotoxic effect on acute hippocampal slices, and used in the research of Alzheimer's disease.
Boc-Gly-Gly-Phe-Gly-OH TFA, a self-assembly of N- and C-protected tetrapeptide, is a protease cleavable linker used for the antibody-drug conjugate (ADC).
OVA Peptide(257-264) TFA is a class I (Kb)-restricted peptide epitope of OVA, an octameric peptide can be from ovalbumin presented by the class I MHC molecule, H-2Kb.
Urotensin I (Catostomus urotensin I) TFA, a CRF-like neuropeptide, acts as an agonist of CRF receptor with pEC50s of 11.46, 9.36 and 9.85 for human CRF1, human CRF2 and rat CRF2α receptors in CHO cells, and Kis of 0.4, 1.8, and 5.7 nM for hCRF1, rCRF2α and mCRF2β receptors, respectively .
Adrenomedullin (AM) (22-52), human (22-52-Adrenomedullin human) TFA, an NH2 terminal truncated adrenomedullin analogue, is an adrenomedullin receptor antagonist. Adrenomedullin (AM) (22-52), human also antagonizes the calcitonin generelated peptide (CGRP) receptor in the hindlimb vascular bed of the cat .
WKYMVM-NH2 TFA is a potent N-formyl peptide receptor (FPR1) and FPRL1/2 agonist, also activates several leukocyte effector functions such as chemotaxis, mobilization of complement receptor-3, and activation of the NADPH oxidase .
Peptide C105Y TFA, a synthetic and cell-penetrating peptide based on the amino acid sequence corresponding to residues 359-374 of α1-antitrypsin, enhances gene expression from DNA nanoparticles .
Activated Protein C (390-404), human TFA, a peptide of the activated protein C (a vitamin K-dependent serine protease), potently inhibits APC anticoagulant activity .
{Boc}-Phe-Leu-Phe-Leu-Phe TFA is a formyl peptide receptor (FPR) family antagonist that preferentially inhibits activity triggered through the formyl peptide receptor .
[D-p-Cl-Phe6,Leu17]-VIP TFA is a competitive and selective antagonist of vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) receptor, with the IC50 of 125.8 nM. [D-p-Cl-Phe6,Leu17]-VIP TFA has no activity on glucagon, secretin or GRF receptors .
Neuromedin S(rat) TFA is a 34-amino acids peptide from rat Neuromedin S. Neuromedin S is a neuropeptide isolated from rat brain. Neuromedin S acts as a ligand for the G protein-coupled receptor FM4/TGR-1
PAMP-12 (unmodified) TFA is a potent MRGPRX2 (MrgX2) agonist (EC50=20-50 nM). PAMP-12 (unmodified) is an endogenous peptide that elicit hypotension through inhibiting catecholamine secretion from sympathetic nerve endings and adrenal chromaffin cells .
Gastrin I (1-14), human TFA is 1-14 fragment of human gastrin I peptide. Gastrin I is an endogenous, gastrointestinal peptide hormone. Gastrin is the major hormonal regulator of gastric acid secretion .
Histone H3 (1-35) TFA is a 35-residue peptide of histone H3. Histone H3 is one of the five main histones involved in the structure of chromatin in eukaryotic cells .
OVA G4 peptide TFA is a variant of the agonist ovalbumin (OVA) peptide SIINFEKL (257-264). SIINFEKL is routinely used to stimulate ovalbumin-specific T cells and to test new vaccine adjuvants can form a stable hydrogel .
Spantide I TFA, a substance P analog, is a selective NK1 receptor antagonist, with Ki values of 230 nM and 8150 nM for NK1 and NK2 receptor, respectively. Spantide I provides an approach to reduce type 1 and enhance the type 2 cytokine IL-10 in the infected cornea, leading to a significant reduction in corneal perforation .
ProTx II TFA is a selective blocker of Nav1.7 sodium channels with an IC50 of 0.3 nM, and is at least 100-fold selective for Nav1.7 over other sodium channel subtypes. ProTx-II inhibits sodium channels by decreasing channel conductance and shifting activation to more positive potentials and blocks action potential propagation in nociceptors .
Ac-IEPD-AMC TFA is a fluorescent substrate used to measure protease activity. Ac-IEPD-AMC undergoes hydrolysis and releases the fluorescent product 7-amino-4-methylcoumarin (AMC). AMC fluoresces under UV light irradiation and can emit fluorescent signals .
Boc-GRR-AMC (TFA) is a tri-peptide Substrate. Boc-GRR-AMC can be used for a fluorogenic West Nile virus (WNV) substrate, profiling the substrate specificity for the NS2B-NS3 proteases or determining the pH optimum of LdMC activity .
(Pyr3)-Amyloid β-Protein (3-42) TFA is the predominant amyloid β-peptide structure deposited in human brain of Alzheimer's disease and Down's syndrome patients. (Pyr3)-Amyloid β-Protein (3-42) TFA is suggested to accumulate in the brain and to trigger the formation of insoluble amyloid β-peptide deposits .
LCMV gp33-41 (TFA), the carboxyl-extended 11-aa-long peptide, is an lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus sequence restricted by MHC class I H-2Db molecules and presented to cytotoxic T lymphocytes .
Nociceptin (1-13), amide TFA is a potent ORL1 receptor (opioid receptor-like 1 receptor, OP4) agonist with a pEC50 of 7.9 for mouse vas deferens and a Ki of 0.75 nM for binding to rat forebrain membranes .
Fmoc-Cys-Asp10 (TFA) is a non-releasable oligopeptide linker, involves in the synthesis of releasable oligopeptide linker. Releasable oligopeptide linker can be used to deliver agent to a bone fracture-homing oligopeptide and reduces fractured femur healing times .
RFRP-3 (Neuropeptide VF(124-131))(human) TFA, a human GnIH peptide homolog, is a potent inhibitor of gonadotropin secretion by inhibiting Ca 2+?mobilization. RFRP-3(human) is a NPFF1?receptor agonist, it inhibits forskolin-induced production of cAMP with an IC50 of 0.7 nM .
DYKDDDDK peptide (FLAG) is a useful tool for investigating the function and localization of proteins whose antibodies (Abs) are not available. Often it is also used in a 3X FLAG format (3x DYKDDDDK Tag TFA) for purifying difficult proteins that accumulate in low abundance .
WKYMVm (TFA) is a selective formylpeptide receptor 2 (FPR2) agonist. WKYMVm has a powerful anti-inflammatory effect that can reduce lung injury and spinal cord injury. WKYMVm ameliorates obesity by regulating lipid metabolism and leptin signaling. In addition, WKYMVm is involved in the regulation of immune cells by activating FPRs, and WKYMVm can promote the chemotactic migration of immune cells and regulate the number and maturation of immune cells .
VSGLNPSLWSIFGLQFILLWLVSGSRHYLW (TFA) is a 30-amino-acid peptide mimicking the C-terminal domain of α2δ-1, termed as α2δ-1Tat peptide. VSGLNPSLWSIFGLQFILLWLVSGSRHYLW can effectively interrupt the α2δ-1 - NMDAR interaction in vitro and in vivo. VSGLNPSLWSIFGLQFILLWLVSGSRHYLW can be used for researching neuropathic pain .
C-Type Natriuretic Peptide (CNP) (1-22), human (TFA),a 1-22 fragment of CNP, is a natriuretic peptide receptor B (NPR-B) agonist. C-Type Natriuretic Peptide (CNP) (1-22), human (TFA) inhibits cAMP synthesis stimulated by the physiological agonists histamine and 5-HT or directly by Forskolin. CNP is a potent, endothelial-derived relaxant and growthinhibitory factor .
HIF-1 alpha (556-574) TFA is a short hypoxia-inducible factor-1 (HIF-1) 19 residues fragment. HIF-1 functions as master regulator of response to oxygen homeostasis .
Protein E7(43-62) TFA is an E7-derived peptide with anti-tumor effects (short peptide spanning the 43th to 62th amino acid residues in the E7 protein) .
Uty HY Peptide (246-254) TFA, derived from the ubiquitously transcribed tetratricopeptide repeat gene on the Y chromosome (UTY) protein as an H-Y epitope, H-YD b, is a male-specific transplantation antigen H-Y .
Ac2-26 TFA, an active N-terminal peptide of annexin A1 (AnxA1), attenuates ischemia-reperfusion-induced acute lung injury. Ac2-26 also decreases AnxA1 protein expression, inhibits the activation of NF-κB and MAPK pathways in the injured lung tissue .
[Ala11,D-Leu15]-Orexin B(human) TFA is a potent and selective orexin-2 receptor (OX2) agonist. [Ala11,D-Leu15]-Orexin B(human) TFA shows a 400-fold selectivity for the OX2 (EC50=0.13 nM) over OX1 (52 nM) .
Epsilon-(gamma-glutamyl)-lysine (H-Glu(H-Lys-OH)-OH) TFA is an N(6)-acyl-L-lysine derivative. The enzyme tissue transglutaminase (tTg) helps the formation of epsilon-(gamma-glutamyl)lysine bonds between ECM components in some disease, such as non-diabetic kidney, glaucoma filtration .
IGF-I (30-41) (TFA) is amino acids 30 to 41 fragment of Insulin-like Growth Factor I (IGF-I). IGF-I is partly responsible for systemic GH activities although it possesses a wide number of own properties (anabolic, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and cytoprotective actions) .
Galanin (1-29)(rat, mouse) TFA is a non-selective galanin receptor agonist, with Kis of 0.98, 1.48 and 1.47 nM for GAL1, GAL2 and GAL3, respectively. Anticonvulsant effect .
Endothelin 1 (swine, human) (TFA) is a synthetic peptide with the sequence of human and swine Endothelin 1, which is a potent endogenous vasoconstrictor. Endothelin 1 acts through two types of receptors ETA and ETB .
Atrial Natriuretic Peptide (ANP) (1-28), rat, mouse (TFA) is a major circulating form of ANP in rats, potently inhibits Angiotensin II (Ang II)-stimulated endothelin-1 secretion in a concentration-dependent manner.
Urocortin III, mouse TFA is a corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF)-related peptide. Urocortin III preferentially binds and activates CRF-R2 . Urocortin III (Ucn3) is a known component of the behavioral stress response system. Urocortin III and CRF-R2 in the medial amygdala regulate complex social dynamics .
RFRP-1(human) TFA is a potent endogenous NPFF receptor agonist (EC50 values are 0.0011 and 29 nM for NPFF2 and NPFF1, respectively). Attenuates contractile function of isolated rat and rabbit cardiac myocytes. Reduces heart rate, stroke volume, ejection fraction and cardiac output, and increases plasma prolactin levels in rats.
Biotin-COG1410 TFA is a biotin labled COG1410 (HY-P2136). COG1410 is an apolipoprotein E-derived peptide and an apoptosis inhibitor. COG1410 exerts neuroprotective and antiinflammatory effects in a murine model of traumatic brain injury (TBI). COG1410 can be used for the research of neurological disease .
des-Gln14-Ghrelin TFA is a second endogenous ligand for the growth hormone secretagogue receptor. a). des-Gln14-ghrelin potently induces increases in [Ca 2+]i in CHO-GHSR62 cells, with an EC50 of 2.4 nM .
Pyr-Arg-Thr-Lys-Arg-AMC TFA is a AMC peptide. AMC is a decapeptide that is specifically hydrolyzed by proteases such as trypsin and thrombin. The AMC peptide can be used to determine the activity of protease and the potency of enzyme inhibitors .
Tat-NR2BAA TFA is the control peptide of Tat-NR2B9c (HY-P0117), inactive. The sequence of Tat-NR2BAA TFA is similar to Tat-NR2B9c, but it has a double-point mutation in the COOH terminal tSXV motif, making it incapable of binding PSD-95. Tat-NR2B9c is a membrane-permeant peptide and disrupts PSD-95/NMDAR binding, correlate with uncoupling NR2B- and/or NR2A-type NMDARs from PSD-95 .
Cardiotoxin Analog (CTX) IV (6-12) (TFA) is a part peptide of Cardiotoxin Analog (CTX) IV. Cardiotoxin analogues IV isolated from the venom of Taiwan Cobra. CTX IV is an unique snake venom cardiotoxin .
Parathyroid Hormone (1-34), bovine TFA is a potent parathyroid hormone (PTH) receptor agonist. Parathyroid Hormone (1-34), bovine increases calcium and inorganic phosphate levels in vivo. Parathyroid Hormone (1-34), bovine can be used for th reseach of osteoporosis .
α-Synuclein (61-75) TFA is the 61-75 fragment of α-Synuclein. α-Synuclein is an abundant neuronal protein that is highly enriched in presynaptic nerve terminals. α-Synuclein is a potential biomarker for Parkinson's disease (PD) .
BA 1 TFA is a potent agonist for the bombesin (BB) family of receptors. BA1 binds with high affinity to Bombesin receptor subtype-3 (BRS3), gastrin releasing peptide receptor (GRPR), neuromedin B receptor (NMBR) with IC50s of 6, 0.4, 2.5 nM .
CYN 154806 TFA, a cyclic octapeptide, is a potent and selective somatostatin sst2 receptor antagonist, with pIC50 values of 8.58, 5.41, 6.07, 5.76 and 6.48 for human recombinant sst2, sst1, sst3, sst4 and sst5 receptors respectively .
GVSKYG-PEG2-azide (TFA) is a click chemistry reagent, it contains an Azide group and can undergo copper-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition reaction (CuAAc) with molecules containing Alkyne groups. Strain-promoted alkyne-azide cycloaddition (SPAAC) can also occur with molecules containing DBCO or BCN groups.
TNF-α (31-45), human TFA is a potent NF-kB pathway activator. TNF-αis a proinflammatory cytokine that induces necrosis or apoptosis. TNF alpha stimulates NF-κB pathway via TNFR2 promotes cancer growth, invasion, and metastasis .
GIP (1-30) amide, porcine TFA is a full glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) receptor agonist with high affinity equal to native GIP(1-42) . GIP (1-30) amide, porcine is a weak inhibitor of gastric acid secretion and potent stimulator of insulin.
Jagged-1 (188-204) TFA is a fragment of the Jagged-1 (JAG-1) protein with Notch agonist activity. JAG-1 is a Notch ligand highly expressed in cultured and primary multiple myeloma (MM) cells. JAG-1 induces maturation of monocyte-derived human dendritic cells .
Notch 1 TFA (Notch homolog 1, translocation-associated) can encode a member of the NOTCH family of proteins. Members of this Type I transmembrane protein family share structural characteristics including an extracellular domain consisting of multiple epidermal growth factor-like (EGF) repeats, and an intracellular domain consisting of multiple different domain types .
[D-Trp7,9,10]-Substance P TFA is a substance P analogue. Substance P stimulates substance P receptors but also inhibits ion conductance through nicotinic acetylcholine receptors .
Autocamtide-2-related inhibitory peptide, myristoylated TFA is the myristoylated Autocamtide-2-related inhibitory peptide. Autocamtide-2-related inhibitory peptide is a highly specific and potent inhibitor of CaMKII with an IC50 of 40 nM .
Protein kinase C α peptide (TFA) is a peptide of PKC-α. PKC-α acts as a lipid-dependent ser/thr protein kinase, can modulate various cellular processes, including cell survival, proliferation, differentiation, migration, adhesion and so on .
CLIP (86-100) TFA is amino acids 86 to 100 fragment of class II-associated invariant chain peptide (CLIP). CLIP is a small self-peptide and cleavage product of the invariant chain that resides in the HLA-II antigen binding groove and is believed to play a critical role in the assembly and transport of MHC class II alphabetaIi complexes through its interaction with the class II peptide-binding site .
Interphotoreceptor Retinoid Binding Protein Fragment (IRBP) TFA, a 20-residue peptide and a major pathogenic epitope, is present in the first homologous repeat of the interphotoreceptor retinoid binding protein peptide (IRBP 161–180), which can induce posterior uveitis (EAU) .
YNPCVMYL (Thioester: Cys4-Leu8) TFA is a polypeptide chain of the YNPCVMYL sequence. The link between the fourth and eighth amino acids in the sequence has the properties of a thioester, which is formed between cysteine (Cys4) and leucine (Leu8).
Macrophage-activating lipopeptide 2 TFA is an agonist of Toll like receptors TLR-2/TLR-6. Macrophage-activating lipopeptide-2 enhances endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) phosphorylation and endothelial cell release of NO, thereby improving vasodilation. Macrophage-activating lipopeptide-2 enhances endothelial adhesion of white blood cells and improve perfusion recovery and collateral growth in the hind limbs of hypercholesterolemic Apoe deficient mice undergoing experimental femoral artery ligation (FAL) .
[Ala17]-MCH TFA, a MCH analogue (HY-P1525A), is a selective ligand for MCHR1 (Ki=0.16 nM) over MCHR2 (Ki=34 nM). [Eu 3+ chelate-labeled [Ala17]-MCH shows high affnity for MCHR1 (Kd=0.37 nM) while has little demonstrable binding affnity for MCHR2 .
PACAP (1-38), human, ovine, rat TFA is a neuropeptide with 38 amino acid residues. PACAP (1-38) binds to PACAP type I receptor, PACAP type II receptor VIP1, and PACAP type II receptor VIP2 with IC50s of 4 nM, 2 nM, and 1 nM, respectively.
PACAP (6-38), human, ovine, rat TFA is a potent PACAP receptor antagonist with IC50s of 30, 600, and 40 nM for PACAP type I receptor, PACAP type II receptor VIP1, and PACAP type II receptor VIP2, respectively.
Liraglutide- 13C6, 15N (TFA)is the 13C and 15N labeledLiraglutide(HY-P0014). Liraglutide is a glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonist used clinically to treat type 2 diabetes mellitus .
GAD65(247-266) epitope TFA is the T cell epitopes of islet antigens，binding to I-A g7 (type I diabetes-associated molecule) competitively with poor affinity. GAD65 refers to Glutamic Acid Decarboxylase 65，involved in the conversion of glutamate to gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) .
Tat-GluR23Y, scrambled TFA is the scrambled peptide of Tat-GluR23Y (HY-P2259). Tat-GluR23Y is a synthetic peptide containing tyrosine residues that inhibit AMPAR endocytosis and is effective in the research of long-term depression (LTD) .
WAAG-3R TFA is a biological active peptide. (Aggrecanases belong to the ADAMTS (A disintegrin and metalloprotease with thrombospondin motif) family of proteases. Aggrecanases cleave aggrecan, the major structural component of cartilage. Aggrecanase-1 (ADAMTS-4) is a major aggrecanase in human osteoarthritic cartilage. This FRET peptide was used in an ADAMTS-4 (Aggrecanase-1) and ADAMTS-5 (Aggrecanase-2) assay . (Ex/Em = 340/420 nm)
FTISADTSK- 13C6, 15N2TFA is 13C- and 15N-labeled FTISADTSK (HY-P3146). FTISADTSK is an endogenous stable signature peptide from Trastuzumab monitored by selected reaction monitoring (SRM) .
[pSer2, pSer5, pSer7]-CTD (TFA), a substrate for CDK7 (cyclin dependent protein kinase), is a phosphorylated polypeptide at ser2, ser5 and ser7 sites of RNA polymerase II carboxy-terminal domain (CTD) .
BDC2.5 mimotope 1040-31 TFA, a BDC2.5 TCR reactive peptide, is a strong agonistic peptide for diabetogenic T cell clone BDC2.5, and the 1040-31 peptide is specific for BDC 2.5 TCR Tg + T cells .
Ac-RYYRIK-NH2 TFA is a potent and partial agonist on ORL1 transfected in CHO cells (Kd=1.5 nM) and behaves as a endogenous ligand of ORL1. Ac-RYYRIK-NH2 is a specific antagonist for the activation of G protein and competitively antagonizes the stimulation of [ 35S]-GTPgS binding to G proteins by nociceptin/orphanin FQ (noc/OFQ) in membranes and sections of rat brain .
BIM 23042 TFA, a certain somatostatin (SS) octapeptide analogue, is a selective neuropeptide neuromedin B receptor (NMB-R, BB1) antagonist. BIM 23042 has 100-fold lower affinity for gastrin-releasing peptide (GRP) receptor (BB2). BIM 23042 inhibits Neuromedin B (HY-P0241), ICI 216140 and DPDM-bombesin ethylamide-induced Ca 2+ release .
GIP, rat TFA is a bioactive peptide of rat origin. (GIP (glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide or also known as gastric inhibitory polypeptide) is a 42-amino acid peptide released by K cells in the duodenum and jejunum in response to food intake. GIP and GLP (gastric-like peptide) are both intestinal A member of the insulinotropic hormone peptide family that stimulates insulin secretion from pancreatic beta cells and appears to also promote beta cell proliferation and beta cell survival. Recent studies suggest that GIP plays a role in lipid homeostasis and may play a role in the pathogenesis of obesity function in the mechanism.
Angiotensin II (1-4), human (TFA) is an endogenous peptide produced from AT I by angiotensin-converting-enzyme (ACE). Angiotensin II binds the AT II type 1 (AT1) receptor, stimulating GPCRs in vascular smooth muscle cells and increasing intracellular Ca 2+ levels. Angiotensin II also acts at the Na +/H + exchanger in the proximal tubules of the kidney .
Ac-Tyr(PO3H2)-Glu-Glu-Ile-Glu-OH TFA (compound 1) is a high-affinity pentapeptide to bind to the src SH2 domain (IC50≈1 µM). Ac-Tyr(PO3H2)-Glu-Glu-Ile-Glu-OH TFA is an inhibitor for src SH3-SH2:phosphoprotein interactions .
DEC-RVRK-CMK (Decanoyl-Arg-Val-Arg-Lys-chloromethylketone) TFA is a peptide-based CMK (chloromethylketone) inhibitor that targets and inactivates the secreted soluble kexin (Kex2) (Ki=8.45 μM). The yeast enzyme Kex2 (kexin, EC 3.4.21.61) is a calcium-dependent transmembrane protease and belongs to the mammalian protease family of the serine protease subtilisin family. The binding mechanism of Kex2 with different CMK inhibitors depends on substrate selectivity, particularly the selective differences between lysine and arginine at the P1 position .
Angiotensin I/II 1-5 TFA is a peptide that contains the amino acids 1-5, which is converted from Angiotensin I/II. Angiotensin I is formed by the action of renin on angiotensinogen. Angiotensin II is produced from angiotensin I. Angiotensin II has been investigated for the treatment, basic science, and diagnostic of Hypertension, Renin Angiotensin System, and Idiopathic Membranous Nephropathy .
SPSB2-iNOS inhibitory cyclic peptide-1 TFA is the TFA salt form of SPSB2-iNOS inhibitory cyclic peptide-1(HY-P10383). SPSB2-iNOS inhibitory cyclic peptide-1 is an inhibitor for the interaction of SPRY domain and SOCS-box protein 2 (SPSB2) and iNOS, through binding SPSB2 on iNOS site with KD of 4.4 nM. SPSB2-iNOS inhibitory cyclic peptide-1 is resistant to the proteases pepsin, trypsin and α-chymotrypsin. SPSB2-iNOS inhibitory cyclic peptide-1 is stable in human plasma and in oxidative environment .
DSPSAPVNVT(Val- 13C5, 15)R TFA is the 13C and 15N-labeled DSPSAPVNVT(Val)R. Radioactive isotopes labeled compounds can be used in metabolic analysis, allowing the movement of individual atoms to be precisely tracked and quantified .
FIQE(Val- 13C5, 15N)NTTTR TFA is the 13C and 15N-labeled FIQE(Val)NTTTR. Radioactive isotopes labeled compounds can be used in metabolic analysis, allowing the movement of individual atoms to be precisely tracked and quantified .
Pyr1]-Apelin-13, Gly(15N) TFA is a Gly 15N labeled [Pyr1]-Apelin-13. [Pyr1]-Apelin-13 is a highly potent, selective endogenous apelin receptor agonist .
Histone H3K9me3 (1-15) (H3(1-15)K9me3) TFA is used as substrate. Histone H3K9me3 is a histone posttranslational modification (PTM) that has emerged as hallmark of pericentromeric heterochromatin .
MCH (human, mouse, rat) TFA is a potent peptide agonist of MCH-R and exhibits binding IC50 values of 0.3nM and 1.5 nM for MCH1R and MCH2R, respectively. MCH (human, mouse, rat) is a highly sensitive to MCH-2R in a CHO cell line and monitoring mobilization of intracellular calcium with FLIPR, exhibits functional activation EC50 values of 3.9 nM and 0.1nM for human MCH-1R and MCH-2R, respectively .
Beta-defensin 103 isoform X1, pig TFA is an antimicrobial peptide found in different living organisms, involved in the first line of defense in their innate immune response against pathogens .
[pThr3]-CDK5 Substrate TFA is an effective Phospho-Thr3CDK5 Substrate. [pThr3]-CDK5 Substrate is derived from the sequence of the histone H1 peptide that docks in the active site of CDK5. [pThr3]-CDK5 Substrate is phosphorylated by CDK5 with a Km value of 6 µM .
Angiotensin I/II (1-6) TFA contains the amino acids 1-6 and is converted from Angiotensin I/II peptide. The precursor angiotensinogen is cleaved by renin to form angiotensin I. Angiotensin I ishydrolyzed by angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) to form the biologically active angiotensin II. Angiotensin II has been investigated for the treatment, basic science, and diagnostic of Hypertension, Renin Angiotensin System, and Idiopathic Membranous Nephropathy .
Agouti-related Protein (AGRP) (83-132) Amide (human) TFA is a fragment of agouti-related protein (AGRP) which is a protein found in abundance in the arcuate nucleus of the hypothalamus. AgRP primarily acts as an inverse agonist for the melanocortin-4 receptor (MC4R) to increase food intake .
PTD-p65-P1 Peptide TFA is a potent, selective nuclear transcription factor NF-κB inhibitor and derives from the p65 subunit of NF-κB amino acid residues 271-282, which selectively inhibits NF-κB activation induced by various inflammatory stimulation, down-regulate NF-κB-mediated gene expression and up-regulate apoptosis .
PD-1/PD-L1-IN 3 TFA, a macrocyclic peptide, is a potent and selective inhibitor of the PD-1/PD-L1 and CD80/PD-L1 interactions extracted from patent WO2014151634A1, compound No.1. PD-1/PD-L1-IN 3 TFA interferes with PD-L1 binding to PD-1 and CD80 by binding to PD-L1, with IC50s of 5.60 nM and 7.04 nM, respectively. PD-1/PD-L1-IN 3 TFA can be used for the research of various diseases, including cancer and infectious diseases .
PTBP1-RNA-binding inhibitor P6 (PTBP1 α3-helix derived peptide P6) TFA is a stapled peptide inhibitor of the splicing factor PTBP1, which inhibits alternative splicing events regulated by PTBP1. PTBP1 binds RNA through its RNA recognition motif .
Bacterial Sortase Substrate III, Abz/DNP TFA is an internally quenched fluorescent peptide substrate. Staphylococcus aureus transpeptidase sortase A (SrtA) reacts with its native substrate Bacterial Sortase Substrate III, Abz/DNP, cleaving it and catalyzing the formation of an amide bond between the carboxyl group of threonine and the amino group of cell-wall crossbridges. Cleavage of this substrate can be monitored at Ex/Em=320 nm/420 nm.
Stressin I (Cyclo(31-34)[DPhe12,Nle21,38,Glu31,Lys34]Ac-hCRF(4-41)) TFA is a potent CRF1 receptor selective agonist, Ki is 1.7 nM. Stressin I induces an increase in adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) levels in rats .
Grb2 SH2 domain inhibitor 1 TFA is a conformationally restricted cyclic cell penetrating peptide (CPP) containing d-pro-l-pro motif ring (AF Φ Rpprrfq) (where Φ It is L-naphthylalanine, R is D-arginine, P is D-proline), which is mainly used as a cyclic peptide inhibitor.
K-(D-1-Nal)-FwLL-NH2 TFA is a high affinity and potent ghrelin receptor inverse agonist (Ki values are 4.9 and 31 nM in COS7 and HEK293T cells, respectively). K-(D-1-Nal)-FwLL-NH2 blocks ghrelin receptor-mediated Gq- and G13-dependent signaling pathways.
[Pyr1]-Apelin-13, Pro( 13C5, 15N) (TFA) is the 13C and 15N labeled isotope of [Pyr1]-Apelin-13(HY-P1033).[Pyr1]-Apelin-13 is a potent and selective endogenous apelin receptor agonist .
GLP-2(3-33) (Leu- 13C6, 15N) TFA is 13C and 15N labeled GLP-2(3-33) (HY-P2625). GLP-2(3-33), generated naturally by dipeptidylpeptidase IV (DPPIV), acts as a partial agonist on GLP-2 receptor (EC50=5.8 nM).
Tat-beclin 1 scrambled TFA is the scrambled part and a scrambled control of Tat-beclin 1 (HY-P2260), which is derived from a region of the autophagy protein, beclin 1. beclin 1 induces autophagy via binding human immunodeficiency virus, HIV-1 Nef and interacting with negative regulator GAPR-1 (GLIPR2). Tat-beclin 1 decreases the accumulation of polyglutamine expansion protein aggregates and the replication of several pathogens, such as HIV-1. Tat-beclin 1 also reduces mortality in mice infected with chikungunya or West Nile virus .
GLP-2(rat) (Ala- 13C3, 15N) TFA is 13C and 15N labeled GLP-2(rat) (HY-P1142). GLP-2(rat) is an intestinal growth factor. GLP-2(rat) stimulates cell proliferation and inhibits apoptosis. GLP-2(rat) enhances mucosal mass and function in residual small intestine after massive small bowel resection (MSBR).
(Thr(GalNAc)4,7,15,Ser(GalNAc)9,11)-IgA1 Hinge Region Peptide (TFA) (GN5) is a synthetic glycopeptide and can be used for detection of gender difference and epitope specificity of IgG antibody activity against IgA1 hinge portion in IgA nephropathy patients .
Arg-Glu(edans)-Ile-His-Pro-Phe-His-Pro-Phe-His-Leu-Val-Ile-His-Thr-Lys(dabcyl)-Ar TFA is a fluorogenic renin substrate based on the N-terminal tetradecapeptide sequence of human angiotensinogen (hTDP) .
His-D-beta-Nal-Ala-Trp-D-Phe-Lys-NH2 TFA, is a growth hormone releasing peptide, as well as a metabolite of GHRP-1. GHRP-1, or Ala-His-D-beta Nal-Ala-Trp-D-Phe-Lys-NH2, has the effect of promoting the release of growth hormone (GH). GHRP-1 increases GH release and increases [Ca2+]i levels in static monolayer cells of rat pituitary gland, but does not affect cAMP levels .
Fibronectin Adhesion-promoting Peptide (Heparin Binding Peptide) is one of the heparin-binding amino acid sequences found in the carboxy-terminal heparin-binding domain of fibronectin. It promotes assembly of mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) spheroids into larger aggregates. Fibronectin Adhesion-promoting Peptide directly promotes the adhesion, spreading, and migration of endothelial cells by reacting with heparin binding domains of cells .
HBpep-SA is a cell membrane-permeable peptide condensate that phase separates to form stable droplets at pH values below 6.5. HBpep-SA is able to directly and efficiently deliver a variety of macromolecules, ranging from therapeutic peptides as small as 726 Da to large enzymes as large as 430 kDa, and the loaded condensates remain stable under near-physiological and serum conditions until internalized by cells. HBpep-SA can be used for intracellular delivery of large numbers of macromolecules and as a vector for mRNA-based vaccines .
ATI-2341 is a potent and functionally selective allosteric agonist of C-X-C chemokine receptor type 4 (CXCR4), which functions as a biased ligand, favoring Gαi activation over Gα13. ATI-2341 activates the inhibitory heterotrimeric G protein (Gi) to promote inhibition of cAMP production and induce calcium mobilization. ATI-2341 is a potent and efficacious mobilizer of bone marrow polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMNs) and hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs) .
PBP10 is a cell permeable and selective gelsolin-derived peptide inhibitor of formyl peptide receptor 2 (FPR2) over FPR1 . PBP10 is a 10-AA peptide with rhodamine conjugated at its N terminus, exerts bactericidal activity against gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria and limits microbial-induced inflammatory effects .
HS024 is a selective MC4 receptor antagonist, with Kis of 0.29, 3.29, 5.45, 18.6 nM for MC4, MC5, MC3, and MC1, respectively. HS024 increase food intake .
Cyclo CKLIIF is a dual inhibitor for hypoxia inducible factor (HIF) 1 and 2, which disrupts the interaction of both HIF1-α and HIF2-α with HIF1-β, with affinity for HIF1-α and HIF2-α PAS-B domains KD of 2.6 and 2.2 μM, respectively .
WP9QY, TNF-a Antagonist, TNF-a Antagonist is a biological active peptide. (This cyclic peptide is designed to mimic the most critical tumor necrosis factor (TNF) recognition loop on TNF receptor I. It prevents interactions of TNF with its receptor. This TNF antagonist is a useful template for the development of small molecular inhibitors to prevent both inflammatory bone destruction and systemic bone loss in rheumatoid arthritis.)
Ac-RYYRWK-NH2 is a potent and selective partial agonist for the nociceptin receptor (NOP), [ 3H]Ac-RYYRWK-NH2 binds to rat cortical membranes ORL1 with a Kd of 0.071 nM, but has no affinity for μ-, κ- or δ-opioid receptors .
GR 64349 is a potent and highly selective NK2 receptor peptide antagonist, with an EC50 of 3.7 nM in rat colon. GR 64349 exhibits selectivity >1000 and >300-fold with respect to NK1 and NK3 receptors, respectively .
CKLF1-C27, a C-terminal peptide of CKLF1, binds to CCR4 receptor and activates ERK1/2 pathway. CKLF1-C27 can abrogate the effect of CKLF1 on cells by competing for CCR4 receptor. CKLF1-C27 shows great effect on promoting proliferation on HUVECs. CKLF1-C27 has the potential for psoriasis research .
Clovibactin is an antibiotic for drug-resistant bacterial pathogens without detectable resistance. Clovibactin TFA inihibits cell wall synthesis by targeting pyrophosphate of peptidoglycan precursors .
Mca-PLAQAV-Dpa-RSSSR-NH2 is a fluorescent peptide and as one of fluorescent substrates of TNF-α converting enzyme (TACE); ADAM17, ADAM 9 and ADAM 10. Mca-PLAQAV-Dpa-RSSSR-NH2 is a substrate based on fluorescence resonance energy transfer, and its activity can be determined by the change of fluorescence intensity during pyrolysis .
Phospho-Glycogen Synthase Peptide-2 (substrate) is peptide substrate for glycogen synthase kinase-3 (GSK-3) and can be used for affinity purification of protein-serine kinases .
[Nphe1]Nociceptin(1-13)NH2, a novel nociceptin/orphanin FQ (NC) endogenous ligand, is a selective and competitive ociceptin receptor antagonist without any residual agonist activity. [Nphe1]nociceptin(1-13)NH2?binds selectively to recombinant nociceptin receptors (pKi=8.4) and antagonizes the inhibitory effects of nociceptin on cyclic AMP accumulation in CHO cells (pA2=6.0). [Nphe1]Nociceptin(1-13)NH2 has the potential to act as an analgesic agent .
EGF Receptor Substrate 2 (Phospho-Tyr5) acetate, a biologically active peptide, is a tyrosine phosphate substrate. EGF Receptor Substrate 2 (Phospho-Tyr5) acetate can be used to detect protein tyrosine phosphatases activity .
Cyclo(-RGDfK) is a potent and selective inhibitor of the αvβ3 integrin, with an IC50 of 0.94 nM . Cyclo(-RGDfK) TFA potently targets tumor microvasculature and cancer cells through the specific binding to the αvβ3 integrin on the cell surface .
Cortistatin-14 is a neuropeptide that shares structural similarities with somatostatin, working by binding to somatostatin receptors (sst1-sst5). Cortistatin-14 (TFA) has anticonvulsant, neuroprotective effects, and significant anti-inflammatory properties .
[cPP1-7,NPY19-23,Ala31,Aib32,Gln34]-hPancreatic Polypeptide is a potent and selective neuropeptide Y Y5 receptor agonist with an IC50 of 0.24 nM for binding to the hY5 receptor. [cPP1-7,NPY19-23,Ala31,Aib32,Gln34]-hPancreatic Polypeptide induces a high amount of food intake .
Bactenecin TFA (Bactenecin, bovine TFA) is a potent 12-aa looped antimicrobial peptide isolated from bovine neutrophils. Bactenecin TFA inhibits the growth of bacteria and yeast, and kills the fungus Trichophyton rubrum. Bactenecin TFA increass membrane permeability, inhibits the growth and biofilm formation of B. pseudomallei .
Cyclo(his-pro) TFA (Cyclo(histidyl-proline) TFA) is an orally active cyclic dipeptide structurally related to tyreotropin-releasing hormone . Cyclo(his-pro) TFA could inhibit NF-κB nuclear accumulation. Cyclo(his-pro) TFA can cross the brain-blood-barrier and affect diverse inflammatory and stress responses .
Homocarnosine TFA is a dipeptide of γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) and histidine unique to brain. Homocarnosine TFA is an inhibitory neuromodulator synthesized in the neuron from GABA and exhibiting anticonvulsant effects . Homocarnosine TFA has antioxidant and anti-inflammatory actions, prevention of DNA damage, and inhibition of advanced glycation end-product formation .
γ-Glu-Phe TFA (γ-Glutamylphenylalanine TFA) is synthesized by Bacillus amyloliquefaciens (GBA) and Aspergillus oryzae (GAO). γ-Glu-Phe TFA or the post-enzymatic reaction mixture enhances the umami intensity of commercial soy sauce and model chicken broth .
Gallinamide A TFA is a linearly depositing peptide and a potent inhibitor of cathepsin L (CatL) (IC50: 17.6 pM). Gallinamide A TFA inhibits SARS-CoV-2 infection by inhibiting CatL (EC50: 28 nM). Gallinamide A TFA also inhibits Plasmodium falciparum (IC50: 50 nM) .
Cecropin A TFA is a linear 37-residue antimicrobial polypeptide isolated from Hyalaphora cecropia pupae. Cecropin A TFA exhibits anti-bacterial, anti-inflammatory and anti-cancer activity .
HA Peptide (TFA) is a nine amino acids peptide derived from the human influenza hemagglutinin (HA). HA Peptide (TFA) is extensively used to isolate, purify, detect, and track the protein of interest in cell biology and biochemistry .
Magainin 1 TFA (Magainin I TFA) is an antimicrobial and amphipathic peptide isolated from the skin of Xenopus laevis. Magainin 1 TFA exhibits antibiotic activity against numerous Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria .
Conantokin G TFA, a 17-amino-acid peptide, is a potent, selective and competitive antagonist of N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptors. Conantokin G TFA inhibits NMDA-evoked currents in murine cortical neurons with an IC50 of 480 nM. Conantokin G TFA has neuroprotective properties .
Gamma-glutamylcysteine (γ-Glutamylcysteine) TFA, an intermediate in glutathione (GSH) synthesis, is a dipeptide served as an essential cofactor for the antioxidant enzyme glutathione peroxidase (GPx). Gamma-glutamylcysteine TFA also upregulates the level of the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 and reduces the levels of the pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-1β). Gamma-glutamylcysteine TFA attenuates the changes in metalloproteinase activity in oligomeric Aβ40-treated astrocytes .
L-Palmitoylcarnitine TFA, a long-chain acylcarnitine and a fatty acid metabolite, accumulates in the sarcolemma and deranges the membrane lipid environment during ischaemia. L-Palmitoylcarnitine TFA inhibits KATP channel activity, without affecting the single channel conductance, through interaction with Kir6.2 .
Chlorotoxin TFA is a peptide isolated from the venom of the scorpion Leiurus quinquestriatus, acts as a chloride channel blocker . Anti-cancer activity .
β-Endorphin, equine TFA is an endogenous opioid peptide, which binds at high affinity to both μ/δ opioid receptors. β-Endorphin, equine TFA has analgesic properties .
γ-Glu-Gly TFA, a γ-glutamyl dipeptide, is a human lipid metabolite.γ-Glu-Gly TFA has a similar structure to GABA (γ-aminobutyric acid) and can act as an antagonist of excitatory amino acids .
Glutathione diethyl ester (TFA) is a delivery agent for glutathione monoester, and thus for glutathione, in human cells and therefore could serve to decrease oxidative stress and toxicity .
Echistatin TFA, the smallest active RGD protein belonging to the family of disintegrins that are derived from snake venoms, is a potent inhibitor of platelet aggregation. Echistatin is a potent inhibitor of bone resorption in culture. Echistatin is a potent antagonist of αIIbβ3, αvβ3 and α5β1 .
Epsilon-(gamma-glutamyl)-lysine (H-Glu(H-Lys-OH)-OH) TFA is an N(6)-acyl-L-lysine derivative. The enzyme tissue transglutaminase (tTg) helps the formation of epsilon-(gamma-glutamyl)lysine bonds between ECM components in some disease, such as non-diabetic kidney, glaucoma filtration .
Cardiotoxin Analog (CTX) IV (6-12) (TFA) is a part peptide of Cardiotoxin Analog (CTX) IV. Cardiotoxin analogues IV isolated from the venom of Taiwan Cobra. CTX IV is an unique snake venom cardiotoxin .
WP9QY, TNF-a Antagonist, TNF-a Antagonist is a biological active peptide. (This cyclic peptide is designed to mimic the most critical tumor necrosis factor (TNF) recognition loop on TNF receptor I. It prevents interactions of TNF with its receptor. This TNF antagonist is a useful template for the development of small molecular inhibitors to prevent both inflammatory bone destruction and systemic bone loss in rheumatoid arthritis.)
Ethyl oleate (Standard) is the analytical standard of Ethyl oleate. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Ethyl Oleate is a fatty acid ester formed by the condensation of oleic acid and ethanol. Ethyl oleate is the liquid lipid component in nanostructured lipid carriers (NLCs). NLC is a promising vehicle for oral trans-Ferulic acid (TFA) administration .
Linolelaidic acid (Linoelaidic acid) is an omega-6 trans fatty acid (TFA) that is an essential nutrient with oral activity. Linolelaidic acid can be added to enteral nutrition (oral), parenteral nutrition (intravenous), and infant formula. Linolelaidic acid has anti-inflammatory and anti-parasitic ((Parasite)) activities, and can induce Apoptosis. Linolelaidic acid is useful for research in infections .
Tissue Factor Protein plays a critical role in blood coagulation.It binds to coagulation factors, activating clotting cascades.Tissue Factor Protein interacts with cells, promoting thrombosis and inflammation.Understanding its functions can aid in developing treatments for blood disorders and cardiovascular diseases.Tissue Factor Protein, Rat (HEK293, His) is the recombinant rat-derived Tissue Factor protein, expressed by HEK293 , with C-His labeled tag.
Tissue Factor Protein initiates blood coagulation by binding to coagulation factors. It activates clotting cascades and interacts with cells to promote thrombosis and inflammation. Understanding Tissue Factor Protein's functions is crucial for developing treatments for cardiovascular diseases and blood disorders. Tissue Factor Protein, Rabbit (HEK293, His) is the recombinant Rabbit-derived Tissue Factor protein, expressed by HEK293 , with C-His labeled tag. The total length of Tissue Factor Protein, Rabbit (HEK293, His) is 218 a.a., with molecular weight of ~26.4 kDa.
Coagulation Factor III (F3), or Tissue Factor (TF), initiates blood coagulation by forming a complex with circulating factor VII or VIIa. The [TF:VIIa] complex critically activates factors IX or X through limited proteolysis, initiating the coagulation cascade on the cell surface. F3's interaction with HSPE, inhibited by heparin, promotes the generation of activated factor X, emphasizing its central role in regulating hemostatic processes. Coagulation Factor III/F3 Protein, Canine (HEK293, His) is the recombinant canine-derived Coagulation Factor III/F3 protein, expressed by HEK293 , with C-His labeled tag. The total length of Coagulation Factor III/F3 Protein, Canine (HEK293, His) is 214 a.a., with molecular weight of 35-45 kDa.
β-Amyloid- 15N (1-42), human (TFA) is the 15N-labledβ-Amyloid (1-42) (TFA). β-Amyloid (1-42), human TFA (Amyloid β-Peptide (1-42) (human) TFA) is a 42-amino acid peptide which plays a key role in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer disease[1].
β-Amyloid- 15N (1-40) (TFA) is the 15N-labledβ-Amyloid (1-40) (TFA). β-Amyloid (1-40) is a primary protein in plaques found in the brains of patients with Alzheimer's disease[1].
VTSEGAGLQLQK- 13C6, 15N2 (TFA) is the 13C- and 15N-labeled VTSEGAGLQLQK. VTSEGAGLQLQK is an amino acid sequence in the C-terminal region of recombinant human alpha-acid glucosidase (rhGAA), which can be used to bind anti-drug antibodies in plasma and quantitatively analyze the therapeutic effect .
Valganciclovir-d5 (TFA) is the deuterium labeled Valganciclovir TFA[1]. Valganciclovir, the L-valyl ester of ganciclovir, is actually a proagent for ganciclovir. Valganciclovir is an antiviral medication used to treat cytomegalovirus infections[2][3][4].
Liraglutide- 13C5, 15N (tetraTFA)is the 13C and 15N labeledLiraglutide(HY-P0014) . Liraglutide is a glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonist used clinically to treat type 2 diabetes mellitus .
Maribavir-d6 TFA (1263W94-d6 TFA; BW1263W94-d6 TFA; GW257406X-d6 TFA) is a deuterium labeled Maribavir (HY-16305). Maribavir is an orally active antiviral agent for cytomegalovirus (CMV) through inhibition of protein kinase UL97 and the following CMV DNA replication .
Angiotensin II human- 13C6, 15N TFA (Ang II- 13C6, 15N TFA) is 13C- and 15N-labeled Angiotensin II human (TFA) (HY-13948B). Angiotensin II human (Angiotensin II) TFA is a vasoconstrictor and a major bioactive peptide of the renin/angiotensin system. Angiotensin II human TFA plays a central role in regulating human blood pressure, which is mainly mediated by interactions between Angiotensin II and the G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) Angiotensin II type 1 receptor (AT1R) and Angiotensin II type 2 receptor (AT2R). Angiotensin II human TFA stimulates sympathetic nervous stimulation, increases aldosterone biosynthesis and renal actions .
Liraglutide- 13C6, 15N (TFA)is the 13C and 15N labeledLiraglutide(HY-P0014). Liraglutide is a glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonist used clinically to treat type 2 diabetes mellitus .
FTISADTSK- 13C6, 15N2TFA is 13C- and 15N-labeled FTISADTSK (HY-P3146). FTISADTSK is an endogenous stable signature peptide from Trastuzumab monitored by selected reaction monitoring (SRM) .
DSPSAPVNVT(Val- 13C5, 15)R TFA is the 13C and 15N-labeled DSPSAPVNVT(Val)R. Radioactive isotopes labeled compounds can be used in metabolic analysis, allowing the movement of individual atoms to be precisely tracked and quantified .
FIQE(Val- 13C5, 15N)NTTTR TFA is the 13C and 15N-labeled FIQE(Val)NTTTR. Radioactive isotopes labeled compounds can be used in metabolic analysis, allowing the movement of individual atoms to be precisely tracked and quantified .
Pyridinium bisretinoid A2E-d4TFA is the deuterium-labeled Pyridinium bisretinoid A2E (HY-134928). Pyridinium bisretinoid A2E (A2E)is an initiator of blue-light-induced apoptosis. Photoactivation of Pyridinium bisretinoid A2E mediates autophagy and the production of reactive oxygen species .
Pyr1]-Apelin-13, Gly(15N) TFA is a Gly 15N labeled [Pyr1]-Apelin-13. [Pyr1]-Apelin-13 is a highly potent, selective endogenous apelin receptor agonist .
[Pyr1]-Apelin-13, Pro( 13C5, 15N) (TFA) is the 13C and 15N labeled isotope of [Pyr1]-Apelin-13(HY-P1033).[Pyr1]-Apelin-13 is a potent and selective endogenous apelin receptor agonist .
GLP-2(3-33) (Leu- 13C6, 15N) TFA is 13C and 15N labeled GLP-2(3-33) (HY-P2625). GLP-2(3-33), generated naturally by dipeptidylpeptidase IV (DPPIV), acts as a partial agonist on GLP-2 receptor (EC50=5.8 nM).
(Leu-13C6,15N)-Ile-OH (L-Leucyl-13C6,15N-L-isoleucine) TFA is the deuterium labeled Leu-Ile-OH. Leu-Ile-OH protects against neuronal death by inducing brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) synthesis .
GLP-2(rat) (Ala- 13C3, 15N) TFA is 13C and 15N labeled GLP-2(rat) (HY-P1142). GLP-2(rat) is an intestinal growth factor. GLP-2(rat) stimulates cell proliferation and inhibits apoptosis. GLP-2(rat) enhances mucosal mass and function in residual small intestine after massive small bowel resection (MSBR).
Ile-(Leu-13C6,15N)-OH (TFA) is 13C- and 15N-labeled L-Isoleucyl-L-leucine (HY-W269700). L-Isoleucyl-L-leucine has a role as a metabolite and can be used to inhibit movement-induced muscle damage and muscle defective condition.
KRAS G12D inhibitor 3 TFA is a KRAS G12D inhibitor with an IC50 of <500 nM. KRAS G12D inhibitor 3 TFA has antitumor effects (WO2022002102A1; compound 146) . KRAS G12D inhibitor 3 (TFA) is a click chemistry reagent, it contains an Alkyne group and can undergo copper-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition (CuAAc) with molecules containing Azide groups.
Biotin-C1-PEG3-C3-amido-C5-Gly-Arg-Gly-N3 TFA is used for detection of modification site for N-myristoylated and GPI-anchored proteins in blood-stage P. falciparum . Biotin-C1-PEG3-C3-amido-C5-Gly-Arg-Gly-N3 (TFA) is a click chemistry reagent, it contains an Azide group and can undergo copper-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition reaction (CuAAc) with molecules containing Alkyne groups. It can also undergo strain-promoted alkyne-azide cycloaddition (SPAAC) reactions with molecules containing DBCO or BCN groups.
EDA-DA is a N-terminally tagged dipeptide probe, can be used to label Peptidoglycan (PG) of bacteria. EDA-DA is a click chemistry reagent, it contains an Alkyne group and can undergo copper-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition (CuAAc) with molecules containing Azide groups .
DBCO-PEG6-amine TFA is a PEG-based PROTAC linker that can be used in the synthesis of PROTACs . DBCO-PEG6-amine (TFA) is a click chemistry reagent, it contains a DBCO group that can undergo strain-promoted alkyne-azide cycloaddition (SPAAC) with molecules containing Azide groups.
GVSKYG-PEG2-azide (TFA) is a click chemistry reagent, it contains an Azide group and can undergo copper-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition reaction (CuAAc) with molecules containing Alkyne groups. Strain-promoted alkyne-azide cycloaddition (SPAAC) can also occur with molecules containing DBCO or BCN groups.
Boc-L-Phe(4-NH-Poc)-OH is a click chemistry reagent containing an azide group. Used as an orthogonally protected building block in peptide synthesis. Propargyloxycarbonyl, commonly abbreviated as Poc or Pryoc, can either be used as alkyne component for standard Click conjugation or in combination with tetrazine linkers in copper-free Diels-Alder type Click reactions. It also has applications as unusual protecting group for amines, hydroxy functions and as esters. All 3 are stable to neat TFA, but can be cleaved at ambient temperature with Co2(CO)8 in TFA:DCM. Deprotection with other transition metals like palladium have also been reported . Boc-L-Phe(4-NH-Poc)-OH is a click chemistry reagent, it contains an Alkyne group and can undergo copper-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition (CuAAc) with molecules containing Azide groups.
H-L-Phe(4-NH-Poc)-OH (hydrochloride) is a click chemistry reagent containing an azide group. Used as a modified Phe or Tyr analogue in protein and peptide biosynthesis. Propargyloxycarbonyl, commonly abbreviated as Poc or Pryoc, can either be used as alkyne component for standard Click conjugation or in combination with tetrazine linkers in copper-free Diels-Alder type Click reactions. It also has applications as unusual protecting group for amines, hydroxy functions and as esters. All 3 are stable to neat TFA, but can be cleaved at ambient temperature with Co2(CO)8 in TFA:DCM. Deprotection with other transition metals like palladium have also been reported . H-L-Phe(4-NH-Poc)-OH (hydrochloride) is a click chemistry reagent, it contains an Alkyne group and can undergo copper-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition (CuAAc) with molecules containing Azide groups.
7-TFA-ap-7-Deaza-dA is a modified nucleoside. 7-TFA-ap-7-Deaza-dA can be used in the synthesis of deoxyribonucleic acid or nucleic acid. 7-TFA-ap-7-Deaza-dA is a click chemistry reagent, it contains an Alkyne group and can undergo copper-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition (CuAAc) with molecules containing Azide groups.
5'-O-TBDMS-dG is a modified nucleoside. 5'-O-DMT-2'-O-TBDMS-rI can be used in the synthesis of deoxyribonucleic acid or nucleic acid. 7-TFA-ap-7-Deaza-dG is a click chemistry reagent, it contains an Alkyne group and can undergo copper-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition (CuAAc) with molecules containing Azide groups.
Ethyl Oleate is a fatty acid ester formed by the condensation of oleic acid and ethanol. Ethyl oleate is the liquid lipid component in nanostructured lipid carriers (NLCs). NLC is a promising vehicle for oral trans-Ferulic acid (TFA) administration .
Cho-Arg TFA is a steroid-based cationic lipid with an L-Arginine headgroup. Cho-Arg TFA shows a remarkably high optimized plasmid DNA transfection efficacy .
2H-Cho-Arg (TFA) is a steroid-based cationic lipid that contains a 2H-cholesterol skeleton coupled to an L-arginine head group and can be used to facilitate gene transfection.
Mal-NH-PEG-NH2 (TFA) (MW 2000) is a PEG derivative that may be used for thiol PEGylation of protein molecules. Its maleimide group (-Mal) degrades in aqueous media and finds application in drug delivery studies.
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